Socioeconomic Profile Research Articles

Factors affecting highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccination practices at poultry farms in Tra Vinh, Vietnam.

The increased number of cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) as a zoonosis has raised concerns in terms of poultry and human health. Farmers' preventive practices are an effective way of reducing zoonosis. However, this practice may have been affected by many factors, including production behaviors, awareness, and farmers' perceptions of farmers toward zoonosis. This study was conducted on 166 poultry farms in Tra Vinh Province with 14,894 poultry heads to determine the socioeconomic profiles and production characteristics of poultry farms and analyze the effect of these factors on HPAI vaccination practices. Respondents were selected from lists provided by government officers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe all variables, and factors affecting HPAI vaccination practices were analyzed using binary regression analysis. The results showed that most farmers raised poultry with other livestock using the free-range method, which is a semi-intensive system. The primary objectives of poultry farming are meat sales and augmenting household consumption, with farmers primarily raising chicks produced on their farms. The implementation of the vaccine was less than 50% on the surveyed farms, with a small number of farmers administering an HPAI booster dose. However, only 6% of the farmers confirmed that their livestock had been exposed to HPAI. In addition, HPAI vaccination and booster dose practices significantly increased when farmers had 4-6 family members and received HPAI prevention training. Moreover, increased poultry numbers have led to increased vaccination rates and the implementation of booster doses for poultry. The study also reported that the vaccination rate decreased when poultry was used for household consumption. Sociodemographic characteristics and production behaviors can affect the implementation of HPAI vaccination on small poultry farms.

A STUDY ON CULTURAL & INDIGENOUS FISHERY BUSINESS IN BATARDRAVA REGION OF NOGAON DISTRICT OF ASSAM, INDIA

The fishery sector plays an important role in sphere of culture specific business of people of Assam. The fishing industry includes any industry or activity concerned with taking, culturing processing, preserving storing, transporting marketing or selling fish products. Fishes are important element of Assamese life and culture.Those play a pivotal role in the socio-economic development and employment generation in Assam. This study aims to discuss socio-economic profile of indigenous fish cultivators, the different type of livelihood associated with it and the challenges faced by them. The study was conducted in Rowmari, Katahguri, Balijan, TunukaBori, Tuktuki and Silpukhuri villages which are in Batadrava block under Nagaon district.Primary data are collected from 60 respondents through well-structured schedule.The major findings were low literacy rates, Less technical exposure and non- participation of women folks. Further challenges and suggestions are discussed.

Agriculture-Related Occupational Hazards Reporting to Health Facility in Tribal Area: A Retrospective Record-Based Observational Study

Abstract Introduction: India being a country of agriculture, most of its population is engaged in agriculture-based activities in a varied manner either directly or indirectly. This sector of activity being most unorganized, very little attention has been given to the occupational health problems of these workers. Objectives: To evaluate the socioeconomic profile of agriculture-related occupational health hazards like physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, respiratory, and dermatological, agriculture-related occupational health hazards. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective record-based observational study conducted in 3 health centers (2 PHCs and 01 Tertiary care Health center) of tribal area of western Maharashtra over a period of 12 months with a sample size of 274 cases. Results: We found an increased incidence of occupational hazards among males of age group 21–60 years and illiterate individuals mainly during rainy and winter seasons. Out of the 274 cases, 22.99% were illiterate. Biological occupational hazards were the most prevalent form of occupational hazard contributing 81.02% of total cases, the majority of cases (64%) arising due to snake bites followed by scorpion bites (19%). Of total 274 cases of occupational hazards 10.21% cases were of mechanical hazards and 6.93% cases of chemical hazards. Another prevalent factor associated was addiction to some substances like alcohol or tobacco in about 74% of cases. This suggests that addiction may be one of the important contributory factors related to occupational hazards. Conclusion: There is high burden of agricultural related occupational hazard especially the biological hazard and addictions like substance abuse may be a contributory factor for mechanical injury as well as biological hazard. We Suggest ways to minimize incidences of occupational hazards which may include Awareness and education to target population about various hazards and their prevention, Periodic medical examination based on hazard. Vocational training and rehabilitation may also be given due attention by health policymakers and government at all levels.

Human Rights and Transitional Justice in Brazil: An Empirical Analysis of the Socio-Economic Profile and Education of Military Regime Supporters

Human Rights and Transitional Justice in Brazil: An Empirical Analysis of the Socio-Economic Profile and Education of Military Regime Supporters

Quantifying Urban Dynamics: An Investigation of Employment Mobility, Spatial Proximity, and Residential Attractiveness in Moroccan Small Cities Applying Data Science Methods

The primary objective of this study is to delve into the intricate interplay between workforce mobility and the spatial proximity to agglomerations, and their collective impact on the residential attractiveness of small cities in Morocco. Initially, we meticulously estimated the net migration rate, a robust and widely acknowledged metric within scholarly discourse, employed to gauge the territorial magnetism. Subsequently, employing this metric as the dependent variable, we embarked on a thorough examination of how the mobility of the workforce and territorial proximity to agglomerations synergistically shape the attractiveness of small cities. The assessment of the net migration rate unearthed a pattern of dispersion, a phenomenon that catalyzed our adoption of quantile regression modeling. Therefore, our rigorous analysis has unveiled a compelling revelation: the geographical proximity of small cities exerts a pronounced influence on their allure. Specifically, a closer adjacency to agglomeration zones invariably results in an augmented residential attractiveness. Furthermore, our research has discerned a robust correlation between heightened workforce mobility and an amplified migratory interest in small Moroccan cities. These compelling findings challenge the prevailing notion that the residential magnetism of small cities in Morocco hinges solely on their socio-economic profile. Instead, it underscores the profound impact wielded by their spatial disposition and the dynamic movements of the workforce.

Emotional intelligence as predictor of resilience toward academic stress mitigation among Public and Private Medical College students

Background: Emotional intelligence is a crucial concept in management, business, engineering, nursing and medicine. It has gained more attention than personality and Intelligence Quotient. Understanding human emotions is essential for understanding emotional intelligence. Aim: High-EQ individuals can combine intellectual and emotional skills to adapt to new situations and achieve goals. Individuals with high emotional intelligence can read interpersonal cues and manipulate others' emotions. Method: The Comparative study is conducted in Rai Medical College Sargodha from April 2021 to August 2022and population was the MBSS students. Provide more demographic and socioeconomic data on survey participants. Determine the emotional intelligence traits all respondents share. Determine the respondents' academic achievement and calculate an average. Thoroughly study how socioeconomic background affects emotional intelligence. Determine if respondents' socioeconomic profile affects academic performance. To examine and publish the relationship between emotional intelligence components and respondents' academic performance. Result: The study reveals a significant correlation between gender and emotional intelligence, with women generally having greater emotional intelligence. The majority of respondents are male, with 97.14% attending public institutions and 2.5% attending private medical colleges. Age and educational degree also impact emotional intelligence, with 54.89% of respondents aged 18-19 and 36.73% aged 20-22. Higher education levels are associated with increased emotional intelligence. Conclusion: Emotional intelligence and academic performance were positively correlated. Emotional regulation and adaptive emotions are linked, suggesting emotional intelligence may prevent ASD. The study shows that high-AR students naturally manage and use emotional information to perform better academically. This supports the COR-based theoretical claims linking AR, EI, and AP. Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Stress, Behavioral science, Public Private medical college.

Intersectional coalitions towards a just agroecology: weaving mutual aid and agroecology in Barcelona and Seville

Although in theory social justice is considered as a core dimension of agroecological transitions, alternative food initiatives related to agroecology have been criticised for their exclusionary practices based on important social and economic biases. In this article, we adopt the lens of political intersectionality to study two cases of Agroecology-oriented Food Redistribution Coalitions in Spain that emerged to address the rising levels of food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that the coalitions represent a convergence of diverse social struggles, placing intersectionally marginalized groups at the centre of their activism. However, we also uncover that coalition members participate in different ways depending on their socioeconomic profiles, which could perpetuate inequalities in organizational practices. One major point of tension is the need to balance the goal of providing access to healthy and sustainable food with the affordability of such produce. This leads to the adoption of hybrid food networks that include conventionally produced food. We also highlight that while the predominance of women in these coalitions reflects the unequal distribution of food-related care work in society, the collectivization of such work through AFRCs practices points to a transformation of gender relations. Territorialized alliances between actors from urban and rural settings and between urban centers and peripheries are established through the coalitions. However, such networks fall short on involving large numbers of agroecology-oriented initiatives and providing direct encounters between consumers and producers. Overall, the article underscores the importance of addressing intersecting inequalities within alternative food initiatives and argues that intersectional coalitions offer an intriguing example of how to promote such understanding and pave the way towards (more) just agroecological transitions.

Beyond Borders: Socio-Economic Dynamics and Demographic Profiles Shaping Migration Patterns of Romanian Doctors Across EU

Healthcare professional migration has emerged as a global phenomenon, underscoring the need to comprehend migrant doctors' patterns and characteristics for effective policymaking and workforce planning. The paper analyses medical practitioners' migration across European countries. Through a quantitative survey, it unveils socio-demographic and professional attributes specific to Romanian doctors. The study explores correlations between the demographic and professional attributes of Romanian migrant doctors and the socio-economic traits of destination countries. Employing clustering analysis, the research identifies four distinct clusters, revealing variations in medical specialisations, income levels, marital statuses, and durations of stay across different European countries. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of migration patterns among Romanian doctors. More research is needed to investigate factors influencing Romanian doctors' migration decisions and experiences and compare their profiles to those of migrant doctors from other countries. Understanding these patterns can help healthcare workforce planning, recruitment strategies, and policy development.

Masticatory performance, self-perception of oral health, oral health-related quality of life and nutritional status of completely edentulous elderly patients submitted to different rehabilitation treatments: A cross-sectional study.

The impact of treatments on completely edentulous individuals on masticatory performance (MP), oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), nutritional status (NS) and socio-economic profile (SP) is unclear in the literature. To compare the MP, OHRQoL, NS and SP of totally edentulous elderly users of bimaxillary complete dentures (CD) and users of lower implant-supported fixed complete dentures (IFCD). Forty participants were allocated into groups according to rehabilitation treatment (n = 20): bimaxillary CD (G1) and lower IFCD, and upper CD (G2). The evaluation of MP used almonds by the method of sieves. Four questionnaires (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index-GOHAI and Oral Health Impact Profile Edent-OHIP-Edent, Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria-ABEP and Mini Nutritional Assessment-MNA) were applied to assess the OHRQoL, SP and NS of the elderly, respectively. After evaluating the statistical assumptions, the Mann-Whitney (α = .05) test was applied to compare the groups regarding MP, OHRQoL, NS and SP. Spearman's correlation (α = .05) was performed to verify the correlation between the MP, the OHRQoL and the NS of the participants. G2 showed better MP (p < .05) in all masticatory cycles, OHRQoL (p < .05) and NS than the G1. However, the participants' self-perception of oral health did not differ between groups (p < .05). A moderate negative correlation was found between MP and OHRQoL for 40 masticatory cycles (r2 = -0.513; p = .001). Individuals rehabilitated with IFCD had a higher average monthly family income and achieved superior behaviour in MP and OHRQoL, in addition to lower risks of malnutrition when compared to individuals using bimaxillary CD.

Incorporating Socio-Economic Factors in Maximizing Two-Dimensional Demand Coverage and Minimizing Distance to Uncovered Demand: A Dual-Objective MCLP Approach for Fire Station Location Selection

In this study, we employ a dual-objective optimization model, utilizing the Implicit Modified Coverage Location Problem (MCLP-Implicit) approach, to determine an appropriate fire station allocation. Our objectives encompass maximizing coverage in areas with a heightened projected demand, based on socioeconomic predictors of building fires, and concurrently minimizing the distance of uncovered demand zones to the closest fire station. The challenges of this model reflect the criticality of strategic placement, aiming for not just swift response times but also the complete coverage of a region with priority given to subregions with a pronounced potential for incidents. The applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a case study in south-east Queensland. Our findings indicate that there is a tangible justification for adopting this model. The broader coverage and wider spread of locations it produces can greatly aid in the dynamic deployment of personnel during surges caused by seasonal fluctuations or unforeseen calamities. By weaving in socioeconomic aspects into demand predictions, our model has also maintained appropriate coverage to socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in the region. Nevertheless, it is paramount to underline the recommendation that further research should account for road connectivity—a pivotal factor when pinpointing these locations in the real world. This research paves the way for enriched insights in long-term urban planning and fire response protocol crafting, especially in regions mirroring similar socioeconomic profiles or risks of natural disasters, not to mention its commercial implications to the relevant industry servicing the fire and rescue authorities.

Analysis of Socio-economic Profile of the Members and dynamics of Grapes Growers Association in theni district of tamil nadu

Analysis of Socio-economic Profile of the Members and dynamics of Grapes Growers Association in theni district of tamil nadu

Performance indicators of fish farms in the municipality of Toledo, Paraná, Brazil

This study aimed to characterize and analyze the performance indicators for fish farms in the municipality of Toledo, Paraná, Brazil. A Checklist consisting of 17 indicators and 90 items relevant to the socioeconomic and environmental profile was inventoried and applied to 25 fish farmers in the municipality. Based on the responses, the developments were assigned the performance indices “Critical,” “Poor,” “Regular,” “Good,” or “Great.” Of the indicators, 4 presented “Great” indices, 11 presented “Good,” and 2 presented “Regular,” characterizing the fish farms in general, with an overall index of 73% as “Good” performance. The deficient indicators, new strategies and practical solutions to increase the performance of fish farms with the use of the Summary Management Plan were traced. The application of public policies and more efficient extension services is suggested, requiring the implementation of technical advisory services to the producers and preparation and construction of systems for the treatment of effluents.

“WHEN WE ARRIVED IN THIS COUNTRY, WE WERE ALREADY VERY OLD”: HEALTH AND AGING IN WISCONSIN’S HMONG REFUGEE COMMUNITY

Abstract The Hmong arrived in Wisconsin as refugees following wars in Vietnam and Laos, and are the state’s largest Asian American group. They have a disadvantaged socioeconomic profile and face high rates of trauma-linked mental illness. Due to limited English proficiency, low literacy, and a lack of familiarity with and trust in research, the Hmong are underrepresented in existing data sources, which fold them into a pan-ethnic Asian-American group considered exceptionally successful. To address this gap, the Diversity, Inclusion, and Aging in the Midwest: Opportunities for New Directions with Wisconsin’s Hmong Community (DIAMOND-Hmong) project has engaged Hmong older adults in a research study designed to document their unique life experiences and social determinants of health. Drawing on semi-structured life history interviews with 40 older Hmong men and women in Wisconsin, we describe participants’ experiences during wars, forced relocations, and refugee camp spells, as well as the challenges and rewards of migrating to and aging in the U.S. Using a constructionist grounded theory approach, we show that participants’ narratives link life-course hardships with physical and mental health challenges, generating a historically and culturally-specific delineation of trauma as both individual and collective experiences. Our analysis situates individual trauma within broader geopolitical and institutional circumstances and demonstrates that familial and communal ties – and their absence – are sources of both tension and resilience in this population. Our findings point to the importance of a trauma-informed approach to health assessment for the Hmong, and the role of memory and storytelling in their healing process.

Contribution of mammography in the diagnosis of breast tumours at the senology unit of the chu aristid le dantec hospital

Introduction: In Senegal, breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women after cervical cancer.1 It is responsible for a high mortality rate of around 70% after five years,2 as in many other developing countries. Mammography plays an important role in the screening and diagnosis of breast diseases. The unfavourable conditions in our regions are at the origin of the inaccessibility and unavailability of this diagnostic tool. Objectives: The objective of our study was to evaluate the availability, accessibility and use of mammography in the diagnosis of breast diseases in the Senology Unit of the University Hospital Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of 120 patients followed at the Senology Unit of the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar, during the period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. The parameters studied were: the socio-economic profile of women, the geographical distribution of functional mammography centres, the time taken to perform mammography, its cost, its quality and its contribution to diagnosis. Results: In our study, the majority of patientes lived in the suburbs of Dakar (67.5%). The average age was 44.2 years. More than half (54.2%) had no regular source of income. The rate of use of mammography was 8.9%. The average cost was 48,944 FCFA. The average time taken to carry out a mammogram after it was prescribed was 28.8 days. In 76.6% of cases, mammography was performed for diagnostic purposes. In no case was an additional examination performed. As regards the quality of the mammographic examination, in 17.5% of cases the usual marking was not respected and the transparency of the images was not optimal in 26.6% of cases. The validity criteria were not met in 18.3% of the results and the American College of Radiology (ACR) BIRADS classification was used in 95 patients (79.2%). Payment before the examination was carried out was in cash in the majority of cases (70.8%). However, the difference in cost was significant according to the type of imaging centre (p = 0.015). Conclusion: Mammography was characterised by the unavailability of centres, a fairly long time to carry out the examination and a lower quality of the examinations.

Socio-Economic Determinants of Stock Market Behaviour: A Comprehensive Analysis of Investment Pattern and Decision-Making

Abstract Investor's investment decisions and market outcomes are thought to be systematically influenced by both market dynamics and information structure. Therefore, the study’s main purpose was to identify the factors influencing the investment decision of stock market investors of India. The study also identified the effect of investors' socioeconomic profiles on their stock market investing behaviour. The study was conducted on 151 individual stock market investors of Haryana state. To collect the data a structured questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, crosstab, chi-square, KMO test, Bartlett's test of sphericity and factor analyses. The reliability of data was tested using Cronbach's Alpha. Hypothesis was set to know whether there is any relationship between demographic variable and investment pattern of investors. This study found three major factors which influence the investment decisions of stock market investors. The factors that were discovered were the investing goal, liquidity, and risk attitude. The hypothesis's outcome demonstrated a favorable correlation between investors' investing patterns and demographic characteristics.

The fiscal consequences of changing demographic composition: Aging and differential growth across Israel’s three major subpopulations

Israel’s rapidly growing population comprises three major groups: Israeli Arabs; Haredim, also known as ultraorthodox Jews; and the general population, mainly composed of secular and religious Jews. Each of these has a different demographic and socioeconomic profile, including very different age structures and anticipated growth patterns. Here, we disaggregate Israel’s 2018 national NTA schedule for each of the three subpopulations. We show that as of 2018, collected tax income fell short of public expenditures by 4.9% in the general population, 56.2% in the Arab population, and 66.1% in the Haredi population. The Haredi population was almost fully reliant on public transfers to make up this difference. The low fiscal support ratios (FSRs) in Israel’s Arab and Haredi populations are a direct result of their low employment levels and low-quality employment. We forecast the fiscal consequences of two type of compositional shifts within Israel’s population up to 2050: aging and a rapid increase in the share of Haredi Jews at all ages. These forecasts point to a 12% reduction in Israel’s national fiscal support ratio by 2050, with two-thirds of this caused by aging, and the remainder by the increasing share of Haredim.

Global population profile of tropical cyclone exposure from 2002 to 2019.

Tropical cyclones have far-reaching impacts on livelihoods and population health that often persist years after the event1-4. Characterizing the demographic and socioeconomic profile and the vulnerabilities of exposed populations is essential to assess health and other risks associated with future tropical cyclone events5. Estimates of exposure to tropical cyclones are often regional rather than global6 and do not consider population vulnerabilities7. Here we combine spatially resolved annual demographic estimates with tropical cyclone wind fields estimates to construct a global profile of the populations exposed to tropical cyclones between 2002 and 2019. We find that approximately 560 million people are exposed yearly and that the number of people exposed has increased across all cyclone intensities over the study period. The age distribution of those exposed has shifted away from children (less than 5 years old) and towards older people (more than 60 years old) in recent years compared with the early 2000s. Populations exposed to tropical cyclones are more socioeconomically deprived than those unexposed within the same country, and this relationship is more pronounced for people exposed to higher-intensity storms. By characterizing the patterns and vulnerabilities of exposed populations, our results can help identify mitigation strategies and assess the global burden and future risks of tropical cyclones.

Association of Socio-economic Profile of Farmers with Perception towards Soil Health Card in Surajpur District (C.G.)

Soil test based nutrient management has emerged as a key issue in efforts to increase agricultural productivity and production. The optimal use of nutrients, based on soil analysis, can improve crop productivity and minimize nutrient waste, thus minimizing impact on the environment. The study was conducted in Surajpur District of Chhattisgarh, with 120 respondents. The finding indicated that majority of farmers had a high perception level 40 precent followed by medium 35 precent and only 25 precent farmer had low perception level. Education, Farming experience, land holding, Annual Income, Extension Contact, Mass Media Exposure, Scientific Orientation and Innovativeness were significantly related and age, Occupation, social participation were found non significantly relationship with perception level.

Kawasaki disease and the environment: an enigmatic interplay.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common systemic vasculitis of childhood. Although it has been almost 6 decades since Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki reported the first case series of KD, the underlying cause remains a mystery. KD is a self-limiting disease. However, a dreaded complication is development of coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs). KD is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world and is being increasingly reported from developing countries too. Over the years, significant observations have been made about epidemiology of KD. It usually affects children below 5, has male preponderance and has significantly higher incidence in North East Asian countries. While several hypotheses have been proffered for etiology of KD, none have been conclusive. These include associations of KD epidemics in Japan and the United Stated with changes in tropospheric wind patterns suggesting wind-borne agents, global studies showing peaks of incidence related to season, and increased rates in populations with a higher socioeconomic profile related to hygiene hypothesis and vaccination. Furthermore, the self-limiting, febrile nature of KD suggests an infectious etiology, more so with sudden decline noted in cases in Japan with onset of COVID-19 mitigation measures. Finally, single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified as possible risk alleles in patients with KD and their significance in the pathogenesis of this disease are also being defined. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the puzzling associations of KD with different environmental factors. Looking at patterns associated with KD may help us better predict and understand this disease.

Coastal towns as ‘left-behind places’: economy, environment and planning

Abstract Many coastal towns in England face a unique set of overlapping challenges: a longstanding socio-economic stagnation and environmental threats coming from the physical location. This paper examines coastal communities in the context of the left-behind debate. The consequences of de-industrialisation and failures in public policies recall other left-behind geographies. We look at a selection of case studies, apparently dealing with the decline of traditional coastal economic activities, but really affected by a decoupling of their socio-economic profile from their coastal specificity. More work is needed to nurture the existing coastal imaginaries, requiring regional coordination and a place-based approach to regeneration.