Socio-cultural Mobility Research Articles

Модернизация образовательного потенциала в условиях частичной военной мобилизации в России

The specific problems of the development of the educational potential of Russians related to the sharp aggravation of the military confrontation in the world, the intensification of hostilities in the Ukraine, the implementation of partial mobilization, as well as the mobilization of educational training of part of the economically active population of Russia are clarified. Theoretical developments devoted to the study of educational potential are analyzed, and these concepts are conditionally ranked into interdisciplinary, general sociological and military-sociological ones. The integration of different views made it possible to substantiate the need to clarify the trend in the development of the educational potential of the population as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, culture and practical experience of individuals in the areas of both general and partially military-professional action. The hypothesis is put forward according to which the modernization of the educational potential of the population under the conditions of partial military mobilization in Russia involves: updating its content (introduction of additional military educational components); saturation of scientific and spiritual quality (accumulation of the innovative component of the abilities of its carriers); allocation of adaptive potential as an independent component of self-development (accumulation of the adaptive component of the abilities of carriers of educational potential). The ways of modernization of the educational potential of Russians are presented. The first one is the transition to a comprehensive and continuous formation of educational potential. At all levels of general, professional, and additional education, there should be a dual target orientation: general and special civil; general military. The second one is the formation of a proactive (proactive) type of formation of educational potential. In the education system it is important: to transform the nature of scientific and investment flows; to activate the channels of socio-cultural mobility; to reverse the saturation of civilian and military human capital of trainees and trainees. The third one is the allocation of adaptive potential as a separate component of educational potential. It is proved that under the new conditions, the realization of educational potential depends on the ability of individuals to quickly assess changes in the external social environment, adapt, form new models of influence in the process of work, service, military influence on the enemy. Adaptive educational potential is proposed to be considered as a characteristic of an individual's educational abilities to adapt their own activities in both peacetime and wartime.

Socio-cultural characteristics of people and the shape of transit-oriented development (TOD) in Indonesia: A mobility culture perspective

Recent literature argues that many transit-oriented development (TOD) projects have failed because their approaches focus on “one-size-fits-all” technical provisions and/or pay little attention to local socio-cultural suitability. Through a sociological institutionalism lens, this article examines how the local socio-cultural characteristics of people reshape mobility culture in transit areas and lead to the potential emergence of locally based TOD concepts. Our discussions are guided by the socio-cultural mobility analysis framework, an extended version of the original mobility culture theory. This analytical framework divides mobility culture into land use, housing, and transport dimensions. Five TOD potential areas located in the periphery of Greater Jakarta, Indonesia, are presented as a research window in which data and information are collected through a mixture of primary surveys and documentary reviews. This article reveals that housing preference emerges as the most important aspect of reshaping mobility culture in transit areas in Indonesia.

ЧЕЛОВЕК И МИР В СИТУАЦИИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ: ТРАНСДИСЦИПЛИНАРНЫЙ ПОДХОД

The problem of studying the transformations of modernity is relevant today in psychology and social sciences. The most well-founded changes in man and the world were considered in international anthropology, starting from the second half of the twentieth century. At the specific scientific level of methodology, research strategies were developed here and new directions arose – anthropology of contemporary, anthropology of globalization, anthropology of the future. At the general scientific level of methodology, the instrument for studying the transformations of man and the world is a transdisciplinary approach that integrates the studies of psychology and social sciences. At the same time, transdisciplinarity manifests itself today not only as a conscious methodological strategy, but also as a spontaneous practice in a problem-oriented cognitive space. The issues of identity formation, socialization of the younger generations, personal development in the context of globalization and in a situation of change constitute today the general problem field of psychology, anthropology and other social sciences. Psychology in this cognitive context is able to expand the horizon of ideas about man and the world, including through the reception of modern anthropological concepts. One of the problems that is being considered today in psychology, sociology, and anthropology is the clash in one socio-cultural space of different values, lifestyles and worldviews. Discussed in the context of the anthropology of contemporary, the forms of socialization are united by a transdisciplinary approach, which, integrating these studies at the general scientific level of methodology, at the specific scientific level, reveals the antinomies of simplicity and complexity, commonality and differences, constancy and change, structures and processes. Normative diversity is introduced as a construct that reflects the idea of positive socialization in modern society, characterized by increased sociocultural mobility, creolization (cultural mixing) phenomena, and diversification of life strategies.

The Concept of Religion in Meiji Popular Discourse

This article challenges claims that the Japanese neologism shūkyō (as a translation for “religion”) lacked an established nature prior to the twentieth century and had little to do with experiences of the urban masses. It accordingly problematizes the term as a largely legal concept, highlighting historical newspapers as underutilized sources that offer insight into Meiji popular discourse and attendant conceptualizations of “religion.” This article endorses a shift in both our chronological understanding of shūkyō’s conceptual history as well as its sociocultural mobility. By expanding the milieu understood as being familiar with debates on a range of “religious” issues, this article thereby offers a counter-narrative in which regular use of shūkyō begins to clearly emerge from the mid-1880s, exponentially increasing with the following decades.

The Concept of Religion in Meiji Popular Discourse

Abstract This article challenges claims that the Japanese neologism shūkyō (as a translation for “religionȍ) lacked an established nature prior to the twentieth century and had little to do with experiences of the urban masses. It accordingly problematizes the term as a largely legal concept, highlighting historical newspapers as underutilized sources that offer insight into Meiji popular discourse and attendant conceptualizations of “religion.” This article endorses a shift in both our chronological understanding of shūkyō's conceptual history as well as its sociocultural mobility. By expanding the milieu understood as being familiar with debates on a range of “religious” issues, this article thereby offers a counter-narrative in which regular use of shūkyō begins to clearly emerge from the mid-1880s, exponentially increasing with the following decades.

Músicas ancestrales: instrumentos, sonidos y subjetividades en movimiento

En este artículo se realiza un acercamiento a las músicas ancestrales de la región Caribe colombiana en diálogo con los conocimientos de los participantes del Semillero de Investigación de Músicas del Caribe de la Escuela Superior Tecnológica de Artes Débora Arango; el acercamiento se centra en los ritmos, los instrumentos y las técnicas de ejecución, para lo que se exploraron referentes artísticos de dichas músicas como los Gaiteros de San Jacinto entre otros, en diversos contextos territoriales. La investigación de la que deriva el artículo, asumió como perspectiva metodológica la de la Investigación Basada en las Artes (IBA) y, a partir de ella, se hicieron talleres, entrevistas semiestructuradas y conversaciones espontáneas. Todo ello posibilitó explorar la música en tanto experiencia cultural. En este sentido, el estudio concluye que las músicas ancestrales que los participantes del Semillero traen consigo en sus procesos migratorios desde la región Caribe hacia el interior del país, no solo constituyen una dimensión significativa de identidad en sus vidas, sino, también, una fuerza subjetiva que contribuye a incorporarse de manera singular en la región que les recibe. El estudio destaca el despliegue de una estrategia pedagógica de acogida, denominada Semillero de Investigación y su papel en la conservación del patrimonio cultural inmaterial, por lo que se hace necesaria la valoración y ampliación de estrategias similares en contextos caracterizados por la movilidad socio-cultural de la población.

Мобильность и неподвижность в Монгольской империи

Introduction. Mobility, and less so immobility, has been always in the focus of socio-cultural analysis of Mongolian societies given their nomadic way of live and the interconnectedness of its various communities scattered all over Eurasia particular in the apogee of the Mongol Empire during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Yet, what are the concrete manifestations and the limits of mobility, how can we measure them? Goal. This article will briefly readdress some well and perhaps lesser known topics of the medieval Mongolian world generally related to mobility in a wider sense before fuller attention is given to the epistemological arenas of culture transfer and long-distance trade. In the first part the dialectics of mobility is discussed as socio-cultural mobility, e.g. carrier making, loyalty, integration by difference, models of inclusive ethnicity and exclusive descent (the ‘Chinggisid Principle’), invention of genealogies, marriage alliances, and religious tolerance (until Islamisation). The second part deals with spatial mobility particularly in terms of tribute relations and military service, culture transfer and travelling ideas, movement control and population transfer, the flow of goods and peoples.

Письменная дискурсивная компетенция как составная часть коммуникативной компетентности студентов вузов в области иностранных языков

The article covers the issues of forming written discursive competence as the basis for written foreign language communication of university students. The introduction of new standards of education, which reflect the social order of the modern multicultural and information society, required the universities to create optimal conditions for learning foreign language communication in order to solve problems of interpersonal and intercultural interaction at the global level. In this regard, to ensure socio-cultural mobility of university graduates, the teaching of written foreign language communication should occupy an important place in the educational process. At the same time, the authors have made an attempt to reveal the structure and content of components of written discursive competence as a component of foreign language communication competence in the context of its application in foreign language classes in the conditions of a non-linguistic university. The authors analyze a large number of scientific and theoretical literary sources on the investigated problem, on the basis of which they justify the possibility of considering the language component as a component of written discursive competence, along with strategic, tactical, genre, text, linguo-rhetorical components in order to improve the quality of written works. In conclusion, the authors conclude that the ability of a writer as an individual according to the sociocultural situation and communicative task to create different types of discourse for participation in written foreign language communication with the intended recipient in order to achieve the expected result defines written discursive competence as a component of foreign language communicative competence of a graduate.

Socio-Cultural Mobility as a Condition for Professional Activation of Staff

We have identified the basic types of human mobility: social, professional, academic and some mixed types: socio-professional, professional-academic, socio-cultural, etc. Carryed out a comparative, comprehensive analysis, applying the method of sequential comparison of different interpretations of the concept of "socio-cultural mobility" with the use of systematic analysis, we substantiated the basic meaning of this concept: quality inherent in human (individual) which indicate a high level of social and cultural competence, social and general culture of the individual; the process of individual and group mobility of people in different socio-cultural environments (including professional environments in which a person operates), the process of realization of personal qualities, especially those that determine their ability to master social and cultural values and norms of a particular environment; achieved (or determined) result of activity, mobility in different socio-cultural environments (realized the potential of this type of human mobility for a certain period); criterion for evaluating activities in different socio-cultural environments, effectiveness, productivity, efficiency of the specified socio-cultural activities of man.

Urbanization in India Before and After the Economic Reforms: What Does the Census Data Reveal?

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the recent trends and patterns of urbanization before and after the economic reforms in India. In addition, the paper explores the emerging patterns of urban growth and captures the changes through development indicators based on the available data from the Census of India and National Accounts Statistics. The study employs an exponential growth rate and a linear model for determining the pace of urbanization, which is then plotted on a scatter diagram. It is surprising to note that wherever urbanization was expected to accelerate, it has instead slowed down. Economic reforms have been not uniformly implemented because of the faulty national economic policy which has discouraged the growth of urban employment and is a cause for concern that requires political attention. The study concludes that economic reforms are necessary for accelerating urbanization, promoting small and medium-sized urban areas, human capital, socio-cultural mobility, and plans for eco-friendly green cities.

Lessons learned about humor from J.C.H. Davies and examples in his home collection

AbstractThis essay starts with a story about Christie’s collections at his home from around the world that he collected during his field research. The postcard from Australia on an Aussie Gentlemen fits into his description of Australians in the jokes as “coarse Australians”. Christie explained the Essexgirl jokes in London and I learned the importance of contexts hidden behind the jokes such as socio-cultural characteristics, mobility and social division in UK. Christie’s analysis of the Japanese jokes about stupidity revealed the prototype of ethnic jokes in Japan.From the episode at his home in Reading I will reflect on his father’s influence on his humor research.

Mobilities of Older Chinese Rural-Urban Migrants: A Case Study in Beijing.

Along with the rapid urbanization process in Beijing, China, the number of older rural-urban migrants is increasing. This study aims to understand how Chinese rural-urban migration in older age is influenced by, and impacts on the migrants’ mobilities. This study draws on a new conceptual framework of mobile vulnerability, influenced by physical, economic, institutional, social and cultural mobility, to understand older people’ experiences of migration from rural to urban areas. Forty-five structured in-depth interviews with older rural-urban migrants aged 55 and over were undertaken in four study sites in Beijing, using the constant comparative method. Results demonstrate that rural household registration (hukou) is an important factor that restricts rural older migrants’ institutional mobility. As older migrants’ physical mobility declines, their mobile vulnerability increases. Economic mobility is the key factor that influences their intention to stay in Beijing. Older migrants also described coping strategies to improve their socio-cultural mobility post-migration. These findings will inform service planning for older rural-urban migrants aimed at maintaining their health and wellbeing.

ANTHROPOLOGY AS A PROJECT OF ETHICAL TRAVEL. COLONIALISM, RESEARCH EXPEDITIONS AND MASS TOURISM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Purpose. The aim of the article is theoretical reflection on selected aspects of anthropological, philosophical and cultural thought,as well asreflection on anthropology as a project of ethical travel and intercultural communication within the historical context of the development of the discipline. The research also regardsreflection on research methods and on the figure of the Other in cultural, ethical and communication dimensions. Method. Analysis and interpretation of cultural texts, including research in the field of anthropology. Reinterpretation of classical anthropology within the context of travel theory. Findings. The analysis allows us to conclude that anthropology is essentially a project of ethical travel and intercultural communication. The evidence isturning points in the history of the discipline, the development of its research methods and meta-reflection regarding the experience of travelling to another culture along with mythologising and demythologising the Other and the researcher in scientific discourse. The analysis of the typology of travelers, colonial and postcolonial discourse, along with the location of travel experience, co-presence and diversity of anthropology and mass tourism, have shown that the research journey has played an important, auto-defining role in the Western reflection on the meeting with the Other. Research and conclusions limitations. The research is limited in ahistorical sense, belonging to a specific epoch and the contemporary postcolonial scientific discourse prevailing and methodologically, situating itself within the paradigm of cultural and communication research on tourism. Originality. The originality of the work results from an interdisciplinary view on the issues of anthropological research travel, the location of anthropology in the context of travel perception, selected theories and philosophies of travel. The choice of quoted concepts and arguments are the author’s. Reflection on the ethical dimension of the anthropological project, which has been developed for over 100 years, is important within the context of development of postcolonial discourse and alternative “indigenous” anthropologies, as well as contemporary transformations of intercultural communication under the influence of new technologies and dynamic and mass social processes related to spatial and socio-cultural mobility, tourism and migration. Type of paper. Theoretical work.

Caste and Socio-cultural Mobility in West Bengal: A Hybrid Cultural Elocution of Matua Reforms Movement

Anthropologists and social historians have considered the caste system to be the most unique feature of Indian social organization. In traditional Bengali Hindu Society, the Namasudras, an untouchable caste, were numerically large but economically deprived and socially discriminated against by the higher castes. Under the leadership of Harichand Thakur (1812–1878) and his son Guruchand Thakur (1847–1937), the ‘Matua’ religious sect developed in the late nineteenth century in eastern part of Bengal to meet certain social needs of the upwardly mobile peasant community of the Namasudras who gained solidarity and self-confidence through the help of the Matua socio-religious identities. The real significance of the Matua sect lies in the fact that a downtrodden community sought to set up an alternative religious conception in an oppositional form and in resistance to the ideology which assigns an independent identity to the downtrodden for their uplift in the high caste elite-dominated society and a reworking of the relation of power within local society which they believed would lead to all-round human development. In this article, I would like to show the evidences which would give an undertaking that the Matua socio-cultural reform movement is continuing against the orthodox scriptural and Brahmanical rituals, customs and culture and resulting in an alternative hybrid cultural identity by reflecting on their own indigenous oral literatures and folk culture which are very much humanitarian, liberal, progressive and rational in outlook.

Professional Preparation of the Teacher for the New Ukrainian Elementary School

The article covers to the actual problems of vocational training of the future teacher of the primary school in the context of reforming the education system in Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the socio-cultural component in the pedagogical process of a higher educational institution, as well as the issues of standardization of education. The author emphasizes that dynamic social processes, the phenomenon of globalization, the need for formation of a civil society, fostering of national consciousness and identity determine the interest of the public in the described issues, first of all for teaching. The theoretical aspects of teacher training for creation of socio-cultural educational environment of the primary school, the realization of possibilities of socio-cultural mobility and others are substantiated. It is proved that socio-cultural mobility of a teacher, which is closely connected with the process of professionalization, implies active activity according to the adapting and accepting the values of a socio-cultural environment. It was emphasized on the need to prepare future specialists of primary education for the purposive socio-cultural upbringing of children

Book review: Rodanthi Tzanelli, Socio-Cultural Mobility and Mega-Events: Ethics and Aesthetics in Brazil 2014 World Cup

Book review: Rodanthi Tzanelli, <i>Socio-Cultural Mobility and Mega-Events: Ethics and Aesthetics in Brazil 2014 World Cup</i>

Eating up the social ladder: the problem of dietary aspirations for food sovereignty

In Haiti, as in many developing countries, the prospect of enhancing food sovereignty faces serious structural constraints. In particular, trade liberalization has deepened patterns of food import dependence and the export orientation of peasant farming. But there are also powerful cultural dimensions to food import dependence that further problematize the challenge of pro-poor agrarian change. Food cultures are sometimes underappreciated in the food sovereignty literature, which tends to assume that there will be a preference for local or ‘culturally appropriate’ foods. In Haiti, historically ingrained and persistent ideologies of racism magnify class hierarchies and the common perceptions of peasants at the bottom of the social order. This paper explores the intersection of socially constructed ideologies of racism with peasant aspirations for socio-cultural mobility, drawing from 30 qualitative interviews with key informants in government, non-governmental organizations, and social movements, and 108 qualitative interviews and 216 food preference surveys that were conducted in three sites in rural Haiti between November 2010 and July 2013. The core argument is that racially-coded class hierarchies exert a powerful influence on dietary aspirations, as ‘peasant’ foods like millet, root crops and molasses bread are commonly denigrated by Haiti’s poor, including peasants themselves, while ‘elite’ and ‘foreign’ foods like white flour bread, Corn Flakes, and spaghetti get held up as superior. This suggests a need to appreciate how the cultural geographies of food interact with—and can in fact exacerbate—political and economic inequalities, which raises challenging questions for peasant movements and advocates of food sovereignty.

Health and the Urban Women in India: Issues and Challenges

Even as the international community considers health as a fundamental right and one of the Millennium Development Goals, MDGs, health inequalities weigh heavily against women. This is true in India not just in terms of sex ratio, but also in health facilities and status of girl child and women and their conditions at homes, schools and workplaces. Despite urbanization and modernization, the health infrastructure in general is inadequate; those for women are inaccessible and unaffordable to say the least. Since these are times of increasing socio-cultural, economic and political mobility of women in the urban areas, squeezing space and time for healthy living and working is a matter of concern. Work-life balance, domestic pressures and violence, insecurity of women even in the streets and vehicles, harassment and subjugation are all having a bearing on their health and marginalization. There is therefore, a need for holistic health for women, and their inclusive growth today.This paper addresses vital issues and challenges to women’s health and gender equity in the urban context. It looks at policy initiatives and alternatives for women’s livelihood security in general and health security in particular.

Should Mom go back to school? Post-natal educational attainment and parenting practices

Although the relationship between educational attainment and parenting practices is well documented, it is typically examined at only one point in time. What happens if mothers acquire more education after the birth of their children: do they alter their parenting practices? Panel data models based on longitudinal data from ECLS-K indicate that changes in mother’s educational attainment are positively associated with increases in parental school involvement, having books in the home, and participating in non-academic family activities, but not with attitudes toward discipline. Although post-natal maternal education does not change all aspects of parenting, our findings are broadly consistent with the theory of cultural mobility and provide insights into the extent of socio-cultural mobility in contemporary American society.

Working women don't have increased heart disease

As increasing numbers of women take up full-time jobs outside the home, there has been concern that they will lose their natural immunity to heart disease. These apprehensions are proving to be unfounded, says Suzanne G. Haynes, PhD, an epidemiologist in the Epidemiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md. In an eight-year prospective study of 1,656 persons that formed part of the Framingham investigation, Haynes and colleagues Manning Feinleib, MD, and William B. Kannel, MD, compared findings on 465 working women, 466 housewives, and 725 men. Women employed outside the home for over half their adult lives were classified as working women; the remainder were considered housewives. The study started in 1965, and in the two following years the subjects, whose ages ranged from 45 to 74 years, answered a 300-item psychosocial questionnaire from which 20 scales were derived. Various measures of behavior, situational pressure, sociocultural mobility,