Socio-cultural Life Research Articles

MESSENGERS AS A SET OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (EXPERIENCE OF THE “OUR CHELYABINSK” MEDIA GROUP)

Messengers today are actively developing multi-format platforms that are close in their capabilities to social networks. The relevance of the study of this phenomenon is due to six main factors: the popularity of instant messengers, proven by public opinion research; their application in all spheres of socio-cultural life; expansion of functionality; increasing the audience; development of new platforms and separation of instant messengers from social networks; the emergence of trends that are set by messengers. The article examines the development of instant messengers from the point of view of expanding their communication technologies using the example of WhatsApp, Viber, Telegram. The main communication technologies used in messengers are identifi ed according to the following criteria: method of communication, subjects of communication. It is noted that the instant messengers in question originated as mobile services for instant messaging between people. With the advent of Telegram, messengers began their development towards expanding functionality and moving closer to social networks: channels and communities for blogging and the ability to comment on posts appeared. It is noted that today it is messengers that have taken the initiative from social networks in producing trends in the development of the information market: an example is chatbots that automate the connection between a person and a brand, as well as the fact that messengers have begun to separate from social networks and develop in parallel. The role and place of each messenger in the modern world is also analyzed. As an example of brand promotion, the article presents the experience of the “Our Chelyabinsk” media group, which is developing channels in WhatsApp, Viber, and Telegram messengers. The article concludes that messengers, having appeared as narrow-format services, today are a set of multi-format communication technologies and can be used to promote various brands.

Changes in the semantic profile to evaluate the quality and safety of life

The purpose of the article is to highlight the specifics of changing the parameters of the semantic profile in determining the indicators of quality and safety of life. Modern civilizational development is characterized by dynamism and flexibility, which directly affects human and social life and requires new algorithms for determining the level of quality and security in both the existential and institutional, as well as in the value and functional dimensions. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship between socio-cultural factors that have dynamic characteristics with constant constants of the semantic differential. The research methodology focuses on the use of general scientific (primarily analytical) methods and philosophical and methodological synergistic principles. The results of the study indicate that there are three formats of this interaction: changing profile parameters under the influence of socio-cultural activity; preservation of profile constants regardless of socio-cultural realities; synergistic mutual transformation of indicators of socio-cultural life and the semantic profile of its assessment. The scientific novelty of the work is focused on the introduction of a dynamic dimension to the impact assessment and measurement of the parameters of quality and safety of life using a semantic profile. Thus, the problem of quality and safety of life in both the theoretical and ideological and practice-oriented dimensions receives new mechanisms and tools for assessing and measuring the level of viability in modern civilisational progress. The semantic profile is no longer a stable format for assessing the quality and safety of life, but a dynamic method that is able to operate with variable data, transforming its own parameters.

Gowns in Towns. University Extensions in Transylvania (1919-1945)

This article provides a detailed, chronological and comparative analysis of the various forms of university extensions (adult education programmes) which functioned in Transylvania between 1919 and 1945. It highlights the contribution of the Cluj university professors to the regional socio-cultural life, as well as the importance of popularizing science to the general public. Knowledge dissemination through the so-called ‘popular lectures and courses’ was regarded as a valuable and important tool for modernizing the local society in the aftermath of the First World War and the reorganization of Transylvania as a province of the Romanian state (România Mare – Great Romania).

Онтологические и аксиологические аспекты в оценке современного образования

The modern socio-cultural situation is characterized by the change of value coordinates, the breakdown of the familiar world and significant transformations in various spheres and areas. Most significantly, these changes affect the field of education, which is an essential element of spiritual culture. The content of educational pro-grams reflects the demands of modern society to the individual, to the complex of those competencies that he should possess. In the life of an individual and society as a whole, education should become an instrument of humanization, which is aimed at cognition and improvement of the world and oneself. In modern socio-cultural life, education is a significant sphere in which the development and realization of creative and spiritual poten-tial takes place. Education cannot be characterized as a certain amount of knowledge broadcast from the teacher to the student, its primary task is to create conditions for the process of cognition of the individual him-self and the surrounding world. Formation of worldview culture, which includes learned and accepted universal values, aspirations to improve their personal and professional qualities, is the aim and value of modern educa-tion.

The New Life of the Yurt

Abstract The yurt has always been a crucial element of Tuvan culture and the economy of cattle herding, especially for those who keep up the herding tradition. However, their number is small, with most Tuvans living in villages or towns and working in other industries. But the yurt has never been forgotten even by settled Tuvans. The article examines the presence of the yurt (Tuvan ög), the traditional dwelling of nomadic cattle herders in the various spheres of the socio-cultural life in the Republic of Tuva. It is an anthropological study of nostalgic nomadism, a contemporary aspect of nomadism when descendants of original nomads remember the past of their ancestor, feel nostalgic about and accept its elements as their own contemporary cultural values. The study is based on observations made in Tuva from 2014 to 2021 and interviews with Tuvans of different generations in 2021–22.

Library in the Space of Books and Events of the 36th Moscow International Book Fair

From August 30 to September 3, 2023, the 36th Moscow International Book Fair was held at the Expo Centre Central Exhibition Complex on Krasnopresnenskaya Embankment. The Forum brought together participants from various regions of Russia, as well as representatives of 21 countries, including seven countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Germany, China and Iran, and was attended by more than 34 thousand people. The VKontakte social network has become a partner of online broadcasts and the official MIBF network. More than 300 events were held at seven venues. Publishers from Moscow, St. Petersburg and 26 other Russian regions presented their books.The article presents an annual review of the activities of the MIBF: The National competition “Book of the Year — 2023”, the competition of the Russian Library Association “The Best professional Book of the Year”, the 3rd Readers’ Assembly of the Commonwealth, the industry conference “Book Market of Russia — 2023”, the Moscow International Children’s Book Fair. In the event context of the most relevant events for the library industry, libraries’ understanding of their role in the socio-cultural life of society is revealed: achievements and initiatives aimed at preserving heritage, promoting books and reading are noted, new projects, including book publishing, are presented, the results of the participation of the Russian State Library and the publishing house “Pashkov Dom” in the MIBF-2023 are summed up.

Exploring the Transformative Potential and the Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Vauhini Vara’s The Immortal King Rao

Artificial Intelligence (AI), an ever-evolving technological frontier, stands poised at the nexus of human ingenuity and innovation, catalyzing transformative shifts across myriad facets of contemporary existence. Since its inception in the mid-20th century, AI has evolved from rudimentary algorithms to sophisticated neural networks, becoming ubiquitous. From shaping the way we communicate and conduct research to bolstering security measures and revolutionizing healthcare, the influence of AI is inexorably seeping into global socio-cultural lives. However, this incursion into the human domain is not without its complexities and ethical problems, prompting a reflective journey into the intersection of AI and our shared reality. This research paper explores AI’s constant advance and its symbiotic relationship with humanity, as delineated in Vauhini Vara’s provocative novel, The Immortal King Rao. Drawing from the multifaceted canvas of AI’s influence, this research seeks to unravel the implications of AI systems and their convergence with governance, ethics and distributive justice, human evolution, and environmental consequences, ultimately illuminating the complex fabric that binds technology to the collective human experience.

The Visual Integrity Approach in Historical City Development (A Comparative Study between Istanbul, Vienna, Kyoto and Yogyakarta)

Architecture and city landscape study becomes interesting if it is associated with factors that accompany the process of growth and development of the city. The city of Yogyakarta has a unique landscape, derived from the authentic history of the region's landscape configuration, and unique geographical elements, and supported by socio-cultural life based on historical traditions. The pressures and challenges of this condition cannot be avoided with the development of the area, the increasing density, and the emergence of new urban spaces which have physical and visual aspects. This study aims to know the strategy for strengthening visual integrity through the natural and cultural landscape of Yogyakarta as a historic city. The study was discussed by analyzing the basic aspects of visual integration in the form of sequence, orientation, continuity, and complexity. Comparison method between 3 historical cities Vienna, Kyoto, and Istanbul, considered to have the same natural, physical and cultural components. The discussion focuses on descriptive analysis to get the best practices for Yogyakarta city planning. The results of this study show the importance of maintaining the visual integrity of the landscape of the Historical Yogyakarta City area in the face of the pressures of urban development and maintaining the sustainability of the authenticity of city basic values.

The Image of the New Johar Market – Aloon-Aloon District, Semarang

Revitalization efforts showed a “new image”, namely as a resilient economic area, able to withstand environmental changes, safe and comfortable, which was part of sustainable development in urban areas. Semarang has been a trading city since the colonial era. One of the famous trading areas in Semarang is the Johar market district. The district has historical value. Up to now, this area is the largest traditional market in Semarang city. The Johar market building is one of the cultural heritage buildings in Semarang. There was such a big open space called Aloon-Aloon, near the Johar market. A big mosque, Kauman Grand Mosque, lies near the open space. The open space and the mosque have historical value in Semarang’s socio-cultural life. In May 2015, a big fire destroyed the buildings of Johar and Yaik markets. The building was reconstructed and renovated becoming a new Johar Market. In accordance with Aloon-Aloon’s concept, the former Yaik Market site was returned to be a public open space adapting to the current environmental and social conditions of society. In early 2022, the new market and the new public open space have been operated. This paper aims to describe images of the new Johar and Aloon-Aloon district. The paper implements a qualitative descriptive method for describing the current condition and using the theory of place related to the image of the district. The analysis utilizes pictures, and diagrams and is supported by the interview with the stakeholders. The results are a description of the new Johar – Aloon-Aloon district.

The Impact of Covid-19 on The Social and Cultural Life of The Balinese Community from The Perspective of Hinduism Education

The Coronavirus (Covid -19) has been declared a Pandemic by the World Health Organization or what is called the World Health Organizer (WHO), because it has spread to almost all countries in the world. Efforts to contain the spread of this virus are continuously being carried out, but in implementation it is inevitable that new impacts or problems will arise in the adjustment. It is very important for us to understand the impact of the arrival of Covid-19 on the socio-cultural life of the Balinese people so that the government does not only focus on preventing the transmission of Covid-19, but also on the sustainability of the socio-cultural life of the Balinese people which may not work due to the policies implemented. The purpose of this research was to provide an overview and explanation of the nature of the Corona virus and Hinduism education as a way of responding to the current pandemic situation. This research was carried out in Bali. The approach in this study was a descriptive qualitative approach, which explained the picture of the socio-cultural life of the Balinese Hindu community in the midst of the Covid -19 Pandemic. This study aimed to determine the effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic so that it can be used as learning in the future to face similar disasters. The effects of this Pandemic were also studied from the perspective of Hinduism education. As a result of the arrival of the Covid -19, many significant changes have occurred in Bali. The results showed that the socio-cultural life of the Balinese people followed new adjustments or adaptations to anticipate the development of the Covid-19 outbreak. These adjustments include regulations, religious activities (regarding traditions) and social activities.

Visual communicative practices in the context of the development of creative industries

The purpose of the article is to investigate visual communicative practices in the context of the development of creative industries and to reveal the interdependence of their development. The research methodology involves the use of a set of methods: analytical, synthetic, cultural, semantic, which will allow a comprehensive consideration of the given problem and obtain substantiated research results. The scientific novelty consists in the systematic generalization of the formation of modern communication based on the predominant visual factor and to reveal the interdependence with the trends of increasing the development of the sphere of creative industries, as well as the discovery of a characteristic semantic field as a factor in the retransmission of sign-symbolic cultural codes and corresponding messages. Conclusions. The technological capabilities of the modern information environment and visual communicative practices provide wide opportunities for the application and creation of visual images and meanings, not only representing objective reality, but also providing communicative needs, forming a separate space of the informational and communicative cultural environment capable of transmitting ideas, meanings and values cultures with a predominance of the visual component. Communicative strategies of creative industries are mostly oriented on visual perception, have their own symbolic and semantic load, are a way of understanding current events and phenomena of socio-cultural life and serve as a means of spreading relevant creative narratives and ideas.
 Keywords: visual culture, visual communicative practices, creative industries, sign-symbolic field, informational and communicative environment, cultural codes, messages, intercultural exchange.

Architectural Strategy Development Through Evaluation of the Spatial Themes Prominent in the Formation of Istanbul's Identity from 1923 to the Present: Proposal of a Model

The core of the study is to capture a commonality between the themes that determine the spatial character of Istanbul and to present the change in the prominent spatial themes from the foundation of the republic to the present and to propose a model for developing an architectural strategy with the help of this change. This change was shaped by spatial preferences, class differences, socio-economic and cultural variables of the period and played a major role in determining the settlement of residences, industry-education-health structures and social areas. The scope of the study consists of the works of leading figures working on the construct ion of the thematic identity of metropolises and urban history. The method of the study consists of literature research that will make these studies and the effective links between them visible, and a data analysis that will provide a breakdown of prominent themes, based on twenty-year periods, and aiming to present the relationships between related thematic words. The findings of the study show that industrialization, housing supply and demand, squatting, socio-cultural life, urban population planning, interaction areas, imported designs and approaches have both an autonomous and interrelated place in the construction of Istanbul's hybrid urban identity. Separate thematic areas such as industrialization and housing trigger processes that directly affect each other's development. As a result, it is seen that the breaking processes of the transformation of the prominent spatial themes in Istanbul offer some forms of association that can provide references for future design products. Sharing comprehensive inferences about these processes with institutions for development and diversification will play an active role in developing new themes that can contribute to Istanbul's urban identity and increasing the agility of relating the current urban identity with contemporary possibilities.

Reinterpretation of Ukrainian apocryphal literature in chronotope

This article is devoted to the linguistic and cultural analysis of the regional peculiarities of Ukrainian apocryphal literature in the context of modern socio-cultural paradigms. Through the concepts of cultural code and intertextuality, the hypotheses that formed the paradigmatic basis of the study are substantiated: first, the apocryphon is a form of cultural code with an immanent semantic field that contains a system of code units (symbolism, allegory, parables, miracles, and apocalyptic images); and second, the apocrypha are open signs and symbolic systems in which texts with different cultural codes coexist. The intertextual relations within this system can then be interpreted as a dialogue of cultures. In this paper, based on criteria such as historical context, confessional affiliation, language, and themes, the regional specificity of the apocrypha of Ukraine's western and eastern regions is determined. Within the framework of the cultural communication theory, the regional peculiarities of transcoding the apocrypha text into a visual work (icons, frescoes) are revealed. The specifics of the spiritual and socio-cultural life of Ukraine's western and eastern regions are explained. The study results show that each regional culture in Ukraine (whether western or eastern) is distinctive and valuable and has its own periods of progress and regression. This argument gives grounds for recognizing the multiplicity of independent but interconnected models of cultural development in Ukraine.

Diagnosis and Management of Rickettsial Infections among Febrile Patients Attending in Inpatients and Outpatient Department in a District Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Numerous obligatory intracellular bacteria from the Alphaproteobacteria genus Rickettsia can cause rickettsial infection. The most prevalent newly emerging and reemerging diseases are rickettsial infections. Objectives: The aim of the study was diagnosis and management of rickettsial infections among febrile patients attending in inpatient and outpatient department in a district hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-section observational study was carried out in the 250 Beded District Hospital, Joypurhat. The duration of the period from March 2022 to February 2023. A total of 250 patients participated in the study. Both male and female with any age, patients with elevated body temperature, headache, malaise, rash, nausea, and vomiting and gave consent to be included in the study. Severely ill patients, not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Weil Felix test was used in this study and a titre of 1:80 was considered to be positive. Statistical evaluation of the results used to be obtained via the use of a window-based computer software program devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24). Results: The mean age of the patients was 39 ± 1.9. 8% of the patients had ≤18 years of age. 16% were within the age group of 19-29 years, 28% were within the age group of 30-39 years, 24% were within the age group of 40-49 years, 14.4% were within the age group of 50-59 years and 9.6% were ≥60 years and 52% of the patients were male. 100% of the respondents had fever, 20% had generalized weakness, 15.2% had headache, 16% had cough and cold, 24% had body ache, 8% had vomiting and abdominal pain respectively, 4% had per nasal watery discharge, 36% had rash, 16% had nausea, 24% had anorexia and 4% had other symptoms. CBC & ESR and Weil Felix test were the most common (100%) investigation among the patients, Urine R/M/E in 68%, serum creatinine in 18%, USG of W/A in 15%, CRP in 18%, PBF in 7, Urine C/S in 10%, S. Electrolytes in 4% cases. We found 90 Rickettsial Infection positive patients. Doxycycline and Paracetamol and Esomeprazole were prescribed to all patients 90(100%) and followed by Linagliptin+Metformin to 20(22.22%), Glimipiride to 19(21.11%), Azithromycin to 18(20%) and Domperidon to 10(1.11%), Montelukast 9 (10%), Pantoprazole to 8(8.89%), Rupatadine to 7(7.77%), Ondansetron to 6(6.67%), Tiemonium to 5 5.57%), Fexofenadin to4(4.44%) and other treatment along with the prescribed medicines was given to 40(44.44%) patients. Authors studied the response of Doxycycline which showed 85(94.44%) cases improved within 48 hours of start of treatment. Remaining 5(5.55%) cases showed delayed response due to late presentation. Conclusion: Rickettsial illness is inextricably linked to the sociocultural life of the majority of metropolitan residents. However, a lack of medical facilities and qualified doctors makes it challenging to identify rickettsial disease in febrile patients. It's important to make an early diagnosis when treating rickettsial illness.

Lübnan Dış Politikası ve 2005 Refik Hariri'nin Öldürülmesine Kadar Lübnan-Suriye İlişkileri

In its political history, Lebanon has been a country where religious and sectarian differences have come to the fore. These differences have had an impact on Lebanese political, economic and socio-cultural life as well as Lebanese foreign policy. This study argues that until the assassination of Rafik Hariri, "Lebanese foreign policy and Syrian-Lebanese relations were influenced by domestic political factors in Lebanon, while regional/global problems in the Middle East directly/indirectly affected Lebanese foreign policy and Lebanese-Syrian relations". In its relations with Syria, Lebanon is a country whose domestic factors are shaped together with foreign political processes, is known as the capital of crises and civil wars and is home to the Syrian-Israeli conflict. In other words, Lebanese domestic and foreign policy cannot be considered independent from Syria and Israel. However, Lebanon is the epitome of the Middle East and has been in the sphere of interest of both local, regional and global actors. In this study, the manifestations of external factors in Lebanon's domestic politics will be discussed by presenting the historical background necessary to understand the current debates, the importance of Lebanon for Syria, the reflection of the changing structure of the Middle East after the Iraq War on Lebanese-Syrian-Israeli relations, the assassination of Rafik Hariri and the consequences of the political division in Lebanon after the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon. In the study, this historical process is analyzed from an analytical perspective, and the relations between the actors and their consequences are analyzed from the perspective of Lebanon, Syria and the Middle East.

Transhumant pastoralism in Indian western Himalaya: traditional ecological knowledge and contemporary practices

ABSTRACT Transhumant pastoralism guided by traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) helps people in adapting to extreme biophysical conditions and remoteness in the high-altitude region of the western Himalaya. However, the age-old practice is currently under threat due to changes in socioeconomic, policy and environmental conditions, which may lead to erosion of pastoralism-related TEK. This study was undertaken to document traditional knowledge concerning transhumant pastoralism of the Kinnaura community in three high-altitude villages, namely Chhitkul, Rakchham and Batseri in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh, India, using semi-structured interviews and participant observation methods. A total of 38 key informants were interviewed to elicit information about the contemporary practices and TEK related to transhumant pastoralism. The study found that the transhumant pastoralism is not only intricately linked to sociocultural life but also contribute significantly to the livelihood of Kinnaura community and hired herders. Findings revealed that the pastoralists are the repository of vast knowledge on various aspects of sheep- and goat-based transhumance, viz. herd composition and management, grazing and supplementary feeding and ethnoveterinary practices. It is concluded that the study would help policy decisions for the preservation and protection of transhumant pastoralism-related TEK of the indigenous Kinnaura pastoralists. Further, considering the nexus between TEK and ecosystem services, this study would also contribute in well-being of the human society and resilience of the similar social-ecological systems.

The Importance of Chowak in the Rituals of the Twiprasa in Tripura: An Ethnographic Study

This research paper attempts to investigate the use of chowak (rice beer) in several ceremonies as a social custom among the members of the Tripura tribe. In the Tripura tribe, chowak plays an important role in their socio-cultural life. It is also an essential part of their animistic belief system. Just as without animal sacrifice their deities cannot be worshipped, similarly without rice beer any propitiation remains inconclusive. According to popular belief, rice beer is the representative of the goddess Devi Laxmi. Hence, it is brewed with much religiosity. The preparation of rice beer involves a series of methods as well as taboos. Needless to say that chowak brings community harmony and it acts as a great way of bringing people together. It is assumed that sharing or drinking a bit of rice beer is like sharing the blessings of the goddess Devi Laxmi. They offer rice beer as a representation of Devi Laxmi while worshipping the deities. Rice beer is required in one’s life from the day of birth to the day of death for it is a must for every ritual. Rice beer is used in rituals as a kind of hospitality and respect towards the visitors. But with the passage of time, the significance of chowak is waning among the members of the tribe due to, commercialization, religious conversion, acculturation, and modernization.

Visualization Mapping of the Socio-Technical Architecture based on Tongkonan Traditional House

The socio-technical architecture of constructing a community's traditional house is a zine-qua-non at the locus of developing tourism destinations in several areas worldwide. A socio-technical system is an old approach that is realigned with developing integrated tourism components, especially various tourist attractions based on local cultural treasures. The results of this qualitative research with a phenomenological approach analyze and explain the noumena (meaning) behind the phenomena (facts) regarding socio-technical architecture based on Tongkonan traditional houses in Tana Toraja, Indonesia. The study results found that architectural works are full of symbolic meaning in constructing Tongkonan traditional houses. The crystallization of basic values and value orientation as the noumena (meaning) behind the socio-technical architectural phenomenon of the Tongkonan traditional house that stands upright is because five pillars support it as a representation of 5A (Attractions, Accessibility, Accommodation, Amenity, Ansilarity) as a component of tourism development. The Tongkonan roof model, which at first glance looks like a person praying by raising their hands up or to God, the Creator of the universe, is proof of the basic values and orientation of the socio-cultural and spiritual values of the Toraja people. The image of a rooster, sun, and arrangement of horns mounted on the Tongkonan wall proves the rich treasures of local socio-cultural life (local wisdom, local genius) of the local community as a result of creativity and innovation that sustainably has value.

CURRENT CONDITIONS FOR THE PROVIDENT OF CIVIL MEASURES CONTRA DROGS CONTRACTING CLASS I PARTIELLE ON THE BASIS OF LEGISLATION No. 35 OF 2009 ON DRUGS (Study of Judgment No. 446/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Gpr)

Narcotics abuse is an act of crime, the problem of narcotics abuse has a very negative and detrimental impact both in terms of law, health, economics, politics, and socio-cultural life. Narcotics abuse has been regulated in Article 127 of Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. As for the identification of the problem in this research study regarding the imposition of punishment against the perpetrators of the crime of class I drug abuse for themselves according to Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics and what are the considerations of the panel of judges in deciding a case against the perpetrators of the crime of class I drug abuse for themselves himself in decision no 446/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Gpr. In this study the aims were to find out the sentence imposed on the perpetrators of the crime of class 1 narcotics abuse for themselves according to Law No. 35 of 2009 and to find out the considerations of the panel of judges in deciding a case against the perpetrators of the crime of class I narcotics abuse for themselves in the decision number 446/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Gpr. The research method used in this study is a normative juridical research method using secondary data as the main data. The results of this study are based on Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics that perpetrators of class I drug abuse for themselves should receive medical and social rehabilitation, and the Decision of the Kediri District Court Number 446/Pid.Sus/2020PN.Gpr according to researchers there was a mistake and not in accordance with Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics.

Miniatures of "Ambrosian Iliad" as an Element of Visualisation of Ritual "Entertainment"

The purpose of the article is to consider the miniatures of the "Ambrosian Iliad" as an element of visualisation of ceremonial and ritual "entertainment" in the context of the development of ancient culture. The methodology of the research. The study uses the analytical method as a methodology to study the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad, as well as to study the theoretical material on the ceremonial and ritual type of "entertainment"; the historical and cultural method is used to analyse the miniature as one of the visual components of the ceremonial and ritual "entertainment" in the socio-cultural life of Antiquity; the art history method is used for a detailed examination of the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad, which is a unique illuminated manuscript of the fifth century, depicting almost the entire Iliad of Homer, with special attention to the scenes of ritualistic spectacles. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad as an element of visualisation of ritual and ritual "entertainment", as well as the miniature as one of the visual components of ritual and ritual "entertainment" in the socio-cultural life of Antiquity. Conclusions. The article examines the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad as an element of visualisation of ceremonial and ritual "entertainment" in the culture of antiquity. It is determined that in the Ambrosian Iliad, over time, there was a tendency to shift the emphasis from literary issues to an increased interest in mythological and Homeric "images" in the visual context (Anthony Snodgrass, Karl Schefold and Luca Giuliani, H. Shapiro), and the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad are also considered as a social phenomenon in the culture of late antiquity (Ceil Parks Bare). The history of the manuscript and the characteristic feature of the Ambrosian Iliad miniatures (the use of gold and red shades in clothing, orange and green palette in drawing the background) are considered. The miniatures, the plot of which is devoted to ritualistic spectacles, are especially considered: Calchas made a prediction that, according to a sign he saw of a dragon killing nine birds in Avlida, Troy should fall only in the tenth year of the siege. Agamemnon suggests that the Greek soldiers return home and lift the siege, but they know about this sign and the sacrifice and stay because they believe in the signs of Calchas. Another miniature shows the Greek kings under the leadership of Agamemnon sacrificing a bull to Zeus. And the most interesting is the miniature where Achilles asks Zeus to pardon and save the life of Patroclus, his foster brother, by sacrificing to Zeus. The classification of five groups of miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad proposed by Bandinelli is considered. It is proved that the miniatures of the Ambrosian Iliad, as a pictorial component of the ceremonial and ritual phenomenon of "entertainment", reflected not only the artistic aspects of the socio-cultural life of Antiquity, but also served as the personification of the visualisation of the hero cult.
 Key words: "entertainment", "Ambrosian Iliad", culture of Antiquity, rite, ritual, Greek pantheon, Achilles, visualisation, hero cult.