Socio-anthropological Approach Research Articles

Perceptions of The Health Risks of Local Poultry Farming and The Behaviour Of Urban and Peri-Urban Populations in The Town of Korhogo (Côte d'Ivoire).

Poultry farming plays an important nutritional, economic and socio-cultural role in developing countries. The aim of this study is to analyse the perceptions of health risks associated with poultry farming activities in the vicinity of dwellings and the behaviour of the population of the town of Korhogo. To achieve this, a qualitative socio-anthropological approach was used. The data collected came from 97 semi-structured interviews and direct observation from 15 April to 27 May 2024 in the town of Korhogo. The main results show that local residents living near poultry farms are aware of the health risks to which they are exposed, but the balance of power between gains and risks explains their practices. Poultry farming close to homes has had an impact on local residents and their environment. Residents often suffer from respiratory ailments, allergies, soiling of their surroundings, odour nuisance and other noises. As for the environment, it has suffered pollution of its air and water quality, as well as soil degradation. The reasons why these poultry farmers decide to carry out their activities close to homes are environmental, economic, social and ethical. Hence the need to train young farmers to manage the nuisances generated by these poultry farming activities.

МІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНА СИНТЕЗІЯ КОНВЕНЦІЙ ТА ПАТЕРНІВ СУЧАСНОЇ ПОПУЛЯРНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ США

This article offers a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis of contemporary popular culture in the United States, with a focus on its development over the past two decades. The research encompasses various theoretical approaches, including philosophical, economic, sociological, psychological, historical, and anthropological perspectives, aiming to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex and multifaceted phenomenon of popular culture within the context of globalization and digital transformation. Attention is given to the impact of recommendation algorithms on popular culture, particularly their role in fostering cultural homogenization, personalizing cultural experiences, and shaping new cultural trends. The issues of cultural hybridization, the ritualization of social practices, and the significance of collective memory in the context of popular culture are also explored. Historical analysis reveals the periodization and evolution of cultural institutions, while the socio-anthropological approach highlights the importance of symbolic structures in the formation of cultural narratives. The philosophical lens emphasizes the postmodern characteristics of contemporary popular culture, including the deconstruction of traditional cultural patterns, and analyzes the dynamics of metaphysical concepts, particularly the idea of presence within the conditions of hyperreality. Sociological methodologies assist in addressing the structuration of cultural practices and adaptive processes of socialization through social networks and other digital platforms, which are emerging as new spaces for the construction of social identities. The psychological analysis focuses on the cognitive and emotional effects induced by popular culture, including cognitive disintegration caused by excessive media consumption, and the impact of social comparison on self-esteem and the psychological well-being of individuals. It is emphasized that popular culture products can be designed to appeal to unconscious desires and internalized norms, shaping motivational structures and social behavior patterns. The economic perspective highlights the processes of commodification of cultural products and the monetization of cultural industries. The article underscores the necessity of integrating these approaches to gain a deeper understanding of how contemporary popular culture in the United States influences global cultural processes and shapes the future directions of cultural practices and social structures. The conclusions emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach that allows for a comprehensive consideration of the impact of popular culture on society, its cultural norms, identities, and social dynamics.

Transitar las fronteras del sistema sexo-género. Una aproximación socioantropológica a las trayectorias trans

This essay proposes a socio-anthropological approach to the trajectories of individuals who question their assigned sex at birth or undergo some form of gender transition. By restoring the voices of trans actors and actresses in specific contexts, it analyzes how gender transitions are not carried out individually but are intertwined with particular social relationships and worlds. The pursuit of identity reconstruction is a part of trans trajectories that interact with a broader system: the sex-gender system.

Theoretical and Legal Essence of Intellectual Property Objects

The article examines groups of intellectual property objects, their characteristic features, methods of protection, in order to determine their legal essence and compliance with the current legislative regulation. The methodology of studying the problems of legal support of intellectual property objects is based on positivist (intellectual rights, their scope and content are determined by the state) and socio-anthropological (the results of intellectual activity are formed based on human needs, aimed at satisfying them) approaches. Various types of objects have been identified, based on the criteria of origin, commercial value for economic turnover, legal protection, such as: a) objects related to the substantive essence; b) objects with a priority value of the form; c) objects related to copyright; d) objects for the identification of a legal entity, goods, works or services of enterprises; e) the results of intellectual activity involved in economic turnover, separated by a secret from an indefinite circle of participants.

Reducing antimicrobial use in chicken production in Vietnam: Exploring the systemic dimension of change.

Antibiotic use in livestock production is one of the drivers of antibiotic resistance and a shift towards better and reduced antibiotic usage is urgently required. In Vietnam, where there are frequent reports of the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, little attention has been paid to farmers who have successfully changed their practices. This qualitative study aims to understand the transition process of Vietnamese chicken farmers toward reduced antibiotic usage. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 chicken farmers, 13 drug sellers, and 5 traders using participatory tools and a socio-anthropological approach. We explored the farmers' histories, current and past antibiotic usage, methods used to reduce antibiotic use, and motivations and barriers to changing practices. Through the thematic analysis of the farmers' transcripts, we identified technical, economic, and social factors that influence change. Out of eighteen farmers, we identified ten farmers who had already reduced antibiotic usage. The main motivations included producing quality chickens (tasty and safe) while reducing farm expenditures. Barriers were related to poor biosecurity in the area, market failures, and the farmers' lack of knowledge. Innovation led to overcome these obstacles included the local development of handmade probiotics and the organization of farmer cooperatives to overcome economic difficulties and guarantee product outlets. Knowledge was increased by workshops organized at the communal level and the influence of competent veterinarians in the area. We showed that the transition process was influenced by several components of the system rather than by any individual alone. Our study demonstrated that local initiatives to reduce antibiotic use in Vietnamese chicken production do exist. As changes depend on the system in which stakeholders are embedded, systemic lock-ins must be removed to allow practices to change. The promotion of locally-developed solutions should be further encouraged.

Tourism Village Management in Bali by Traditional Villages Based on Local Wisdom in the New Normal Era

Traditional villages in Bali have the potential to become tourist destinations that benefit the local community. Culture and customs are what set apart traditional villages. The legal politics of the Bali tourist village have deteriorated into the new normal. This research aims to develop a tourist village model, a new theory for elaborating Balinese cultural values based on local wisdom values, a creative economy, and human resource management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method is a qualitative descriptive empirical legal analysis based on a socio-anthropological approach and law sociology, supplemented with cultural studies. The findings revealed that the value of local wisdom in the traditional village adds value to a tourist village in Bali. The Ceking traditional village's tourist rice terraces are appealing due to the culture of farmers becoming a tourist village. The Penglipuran traditional village's artistic potential, social capital, nature, and local wisdom are the codification of culture in power politics. Tourism is a helpful tool for economic development. Bali must explore the potential for increased innovation and community participation as a tourist destination by using traditional villages as a buffer for culture, Hinduism, and local wisdom. Furthermore, Bali tourism is exceptionally vulnerable to health concerns that affect tourism and ecotourism activities.

The Man of Science as an Intellectual: The Public Mission of Scientist

Purpose. The paper is aimed at identifying the ways of scientist’s influence on the development of modern society as compared to those of intellectuals. Theoretical basis. The socio-anthropological approach to the role of scientists in post-industrial society shows the leading role of people of science as a social group in present-day society. However, philosophical axiology reveals that scientists in today’s society do not have the appropriate social status: neither in state governance nor in the sphere of forming public opinion. The classical doctrine concerning intellectuals has suffered a crisis in recent decades, which is due to the growing gap between the group of intellectuals recognized by society and the sphere of science. A new theoretical approach to determining the role of present-day research scientists as intellectuals is necessary. Originality. Successful development of modern society in conditions of growing social turbulence necessitates the access of research scientists to the sphere of public communication. This is required both by the needs of science advancement itself – to receive its adequate funding and win wide public recognition, and by society’s needs – as it is scientists who can provide reliable diagnostics of social problems and formulate well-grounded programs for overcoming them. Conclusions. For overcoming social barriers and getting access to public space, scientists themselves have to recognize themselves as a destitute social group – those who are unfairly deprived of making principal decisions in today’s society. For that, scientists should become modern intellectuals. Unlike media intellectuals, scientists are to interact not with social masses but, first and foremost, with public elites. The scientist has to gain his/her independent status by achieving the recognition of his/her own ideas among social elites rather than by winning wide personal popularity. Hence, scientists must aim at obtaining the status of the elite for elites – this would reveal in scientists the deepest potential of a modern man.

The Living Fiqh: Anatomy, Philosophical Formulation, and Scope of Study

The living fiqh is derived from the living al-Quran and the living al-Hadith. It requires refining its formulation and methodological model as a contemporary socio-anthropological approach to fiqh. This article discusses the formulation of the concept of the living fiqh both deductively and inductively-abductively. The aim is to formulate and present this conception as a new approach or model of study and evaluation of fiqh practice in the contemporary era. The method used is abductive construction based on integrating fiqh into the behavior of its participants in various cultural clusters of Islamic society. The result found in this research is the formulation of the concept of The Living Fiqh as an explanation for society's acceptance of fiqh not only as knowledge but also as a practical guide in their lives. The implication is the availability of a sociological framework of fiqh that can explain the integration of fiqh in the daily life of Muslim communities spread across various models of cultural practices.

Les besoins en santé mentale des personnes migrantes LGBTI : entre orientation généraliste et soutien communautaire

In France, there are no studies on the mental health of lesbian, gay, bi, trans and intersex (LGBTI) migrants. In North America however, some data show high prevalence for mental issues in this population. This study analyze mental health needs of LGBTI migrants and document the care and support for those needs in two French cities, with a socio-anthropological approach. LGBTI migrants suffer from numerous mental issues linked with their migration and their sexual orientation, gender identity and expression (SOGIE). Those sources of violence are imbricated and fuel each other. It is mainly as migrants that LGBTI are taken care of by State services devoted to precarious people, even though some LGBTI associations propose a different kind of community support. LGBTI migrants deal with the same deficits in mental health services than other migrants, but have also specific difficulties. The development of support group for this minority helps with those difficulties and ultimately questions the strengths and limits of community-based approach to mental health.

Of seduction and male abuse: Exploring the less-talked-about using Tamar’s stratagem (Gn 37–38)

Gender-based violence has often been framed and perceived as exclusively a women’s issue. As a result, terms such as ‘violence against women’ and ‘gender-based violence’ have often been understood and used interchangeably. In the fight and campaign against gender-based violence, men have been reckoned to be the most common culprits behind fuelling violence against women. While indeed to a large extent men are the perpetrators of gender-based violence, little attention, however, has been paid to at least two things: the loose usage of the term ‘gender’ as if exclusive of men, as well as the violence that some men suffer at the hands of some women. It was the thrust of this article to bring on the table the less-talked-about sexual abuse that some men suffer at the hands of some young women using Tamar’s trapping of Judah as an entry point into the discussion. Using a socio-anthropological approach, the article argued that the behaviour of some young women towards men older than themselves through manipulating their sexual weakness is a form of gender-based violence that calls for a redress.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The theme of gender-based violence is by definition of multidisciplinary interest. This contribution highlighted the less-talked-about abuse of men, which is also of significance within multiple disciplines including biblical studies, social anthropology, theology, cultural studies and even history.

Transformation of Maqāṣid Shari‘āh in Divorce Mediation in Religious Courts: Revitalization of the Bugis-Mandar Customs, Indonesia

The focus of this research discusses the transformation of maqāṣid shari'āh in mediation practices in divorce cases, and the revitalization of adat in mediation practices in Bugis and Mandar communities. This study is a field legal research using historical and socio-anthropological approaches, while the data is analyzed using maqāṣid shari'ah theory and social change theory. Data collection techniques are based on literature studies on legal sources related to the discussion.This study concludes that divorce is an extraordinary case in the religious courts, dynamics of mediation practice in Religious Courts have successful mediation for a written peace agreement in peace deed, other mediation products are partially successful mediation and partially unsuccessful mediation, mediation products are not successful is that husband and wife are committed to divorce; maqāṣid shari‘āh transformation can be a major consideration by judges in mediation practice to save households on the verge of collapse, so that maqāṣid shari‘āh is very urgent to place in Perma No.1 of 2016, and revitalization of Bugis-Mandar customary is an effort to revive the value of life sirondo-rondoi, siamasei, sianuang pa'mai, and sibaliparri, also animate shara’ which is performed petta kalie (Bugis) or puang kali’ (Mandar).

Nutrition, Ethics and Cancer, “To name things wrongly is to add to the misfortune of the world”

<h2>Summary</h2> Medical nutrition therapy is a full-fledged treatment such as antibiotics, antidiabetics or mechanical ventilation. Like any medical procedure, evidence-based medical nutrition therapy (from its indication and introduction, to the eventual interruption thereof) goes along with ethical dilemmas, especially in the most extreme situations such as old age, end of life or critical care. But more than any medical intervention or therapeutic act, nutrition and food carries specific sociological and anthropological representations, and, therefore, a heavy symbolic and emotional burden. For several reasons, cancer is at the intersection of all these dimensions: the disease and its treatments severely affect the nutritional status; end-of-life situations in oncology are still frequent, leading to thorny ethical dilemmas. The difficulties in withholding and withdrawing nutrition and food due to the symbolic and emotional burden as well as the social function are at the forefront of said dilemmas. If nutrition is still struggling to find its rightful place, isn't it also because it struggles to be well named? The aim of this article is to analyze the ethical dilemmas, thought a socio-anthropological approach, that arise when it comes to feeding the cancer patient and to reflect on how the human based right approach can support the decision-making process in nutrition. The summarized case of Delphine G. is exemplary of these questions and will serve as the common thread of this analysis.

Isla do Marajó: una etnografía detrás de las fotografías de Luiz Braga.

The artist Luiz Braga made several aesthetic experiments, from his black and white photos, the Night Vision series, and his color photographs. However, color does not appear only in his work, but is in close dialogue with Cabocla culture. For this article, two photographs by Luiz Braga, Barqueiro azul (1992) and Ponta d'Areia (1988), superimposed on the culture category Cabocla were analyzed. In addition to the dialogue between the third photograph by Luiz Braga, Curipira, (2018) and my audiovisual/ethnographic production carried out on Marajo Island in May 2018. The main contribution of this research is an investigation of Luiz Braga’s photos from a socio-anthropological approach.

Health as an emerging value in the construction of quality of berries in Huelva (Spain)

This article examines how health is constructed as an emerging value of quality standards in intensive agriculture in the province of Huelva (Spain) with a specific focus on the health and welfare of female seasonal migrant workers. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research draws on two sources: an analysis of Global G.A.P. quality standards documentation and qualitative in-depth interviews with four key social actors, including local producers, social and professional organisations, healthcare professionals and migrant women working on seasonal contracts. Drawing on theoretical contributions from convention theory and the socio-anthropological approach of political economy, the study identified imbalances between the meanings and practices around health and safety. Principally, the study concludes that norms established by quality standards focus almost exclusively on consumers’ health while neglecting the health costs and inequalities experienced by female agricultural workers.

Pager Mangkok Luwih Bakuh Tinimbang Pager Tembok: Negasi Sekuritas dalam Falsafah Jawa

Javanese community has a philosophy of "Pager Mangkok Luwih Bakuh Tinimbang Pager Tembok" which has the meaning that the pager mangkok (a good relationship with the neighbors) luwih bakuh (have a stronger defense) tinimbang pager tembok (rather than a wall fence / physical fence of the home environment). Over time, this philosophy has deteriorated due to individualistic attitudes. This study is a qualitative study using a socio-anthropological approach to reveal distortions caused by deterioration that occurs. The study uses data mining methods in the form of literature studies and in-depth interviews to find out in depth the process of deterioration of that philosophy. The results of the study showed that individuals who undermined the philosophy were caused by several factors, including economics and consumerism, pragmatism, technological and information flows and population density and diversity.

Kiai's Leadership In Empowerment Of People (Case Study At Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Cikalong Tasikmalaya)

The kiai's activities give rise to diverse views among the people. Several factors are behind the differences in views, including the leadership factor. One of the reasons for this gap between the kiai is the lack of awareness of the kiai in administrative matters in the organization, so that a new breakthrough is needed for the kiai, namely by making efforts to empower the people. This research is a qualitative research, a research that aims to reveal an event, phenomenon, activity, and perception of others in a certain social context. Socio-anthropological approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the kiai's leadership is based on social aspects including the legal-formal leadership model, namely the form of policy must be in accordance with organizational mechanisms including administrative order. Religiously, the leadership of KH. Nurdin Alhusainy as a charismatic leader, encourages other kiai to master various types of disciplines so that they can be implemented in the current context. Second, in the aspect of empowering the people, socially advocating for the people regarding civilized social concepts and actions to criticize the rulers who are not in favor of the people. In addition, in the field of religion, encourage other kiai who are affiliated with religious organizations to open themselves in dealing with religious issues on social media scientifically, not in unwise and hateful ways.

PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI-ANTROPOLOGI DALAM TAFSIR Living Quran: Studi analisis terhadap respon netizen pada postingan akun @QuranReview di instagram

Living Quran is a study of various social events related to the Koran which has become a tradition in forming a local entity. This study explores the living Quran which contains interpretations through digital media on the Instagram account @QuranReview. This study aims to examine the netizen's response to posts regarding the interpretation in the @QuranReview account post. In the midst of the trend of interpreting the Koran on social media, the @QuranReview account has succeeded in attracting the attention of netizens through the presentation of religious content in the form of interpretation with the style of language, diction and nuances typical of the millennial generation. The form of analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis based on a socio-anthropological approach. The findings from this study are that the netizen's response to the commentary in the @QuranReview Instagram account has three effects that can provide benefits to netizens, including cognitive effects that are able to provide new insights in understanding interpretations, then affective effects that can directly cause aesthetic and emotional dimensions when Netizens deeply interpret an interpretation, and the behavioral effects that can make changes in the perspective and behavior of netizens even more.

PRAKTIK PEMBAGIAN WARIS ADAT DUSUN RECOBANTENG DESA SUWARU KECAMATAN PAGELARAN KABUPATEN MALANG PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM

Islam as the last sawawi religion to come down to this world is certainly equipped with a comprehensive set of rules and teachings. He has perfected the previous Heavenly Religions elegantly and massively. This religion also does not escape introducing a set of rules regarding inheritance, which in general assigns a larger share of inheritance to the male line than the female line.In Recobanteng Hamlet, Suwaru Village, Pagelaran District, Malang Regency, there has been a practice of dividing inheritance from generation to generation by way of customary inheritance practices, where the son's share is equal to the daughter's share. Of course this is interesting to study in depth academically from a sharia perspective.The following article seeks to find this perspective by using a socio-anthropological approach combined with a sharia law perspective. From field observations, it was found that the people of Recobanteng Hamlet, Suwaru Village, Pagelaran District, Malang Regency share inheritance equally between men and women with consideration of humanity and justice. According to Syar'i, this kind of practice can still be justified by looking at the tasoluh principle, by distributing it first before the father or mother dies, even though the actual acceptance is only carried out after the two people have died.

Dynamic Development of Family Law in Muslim Countries

Abstract: Dynamic Development of Family Law in Muslim Countries. This article examines the dynamics of the development/renewal of Islamic family law in Muslim countries. The aim is to obtain a concrete picture of the development, from its original form, i.e conventional fiqh, to become positive law and apply it in Muslim countries. This research is classified as library research using a combination of historical and socio-anthropological approaches. Data were obtained from several secondary sources in the form of laws and regulations, books, articles, and many other documents related to the topic under study. The results of this study indicate that the role of the state in enforcing a legal system is absolute, in the sense that a law can be applied when it has been legislated as positive law. Apart from that, this study also found the fact that three models are applied in the development of family law in Muslim countries, namely; First, the state still applies the conventional legal system (fiqh). Second, the state carries out legal reforms within the school of thought. Third, the state makes its family law that is separate from religious norms to keep up with changes and developments in society.

The funerary practices from the end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age in the south-west of Romania and the relations with the south of Danube

The socio-anthropological approach to the funerary practices proves a tight connection between the religious beliefs and the funerary practices. However, it is hard to be evidenced only through the funerary discoveries most of the time. The study of the funerary space structure reveals several possibilities for interpretation, provided the necropolises are researched thoroughly. In the analysis made on the funerary practices, there are often used notions, such as that of a social person, understood as a variety of situations (age, social rank, gender etc.), or social energy consumed during the development of a funerary practice. In this manner only, hypotheses can be issued regarding the social structure if it considers that the funerary space can also be seen as a confirmation of the social identity. The funerary practices can “codify” information related both to the social structure and ideology, thus to the collective mentality of those communities. Different attempts have been made to sketch the religion of the prehistoric communities, using the funerary discoveries for this purpose. To the north of the Danube, in the south-western side of Romania, the funerary practices used to be characteristic for the end of the Bronze Age, which implied the cremation of the dead and the depositing of the remains into a pottery vessel that played the role of an urn. This was buried along with one or more adjacent vessels and sometimes clay statuettes. Among the archaeological discoveries available in the actual stage of the researches, the Gârla Mare type is evidenced, which belongs to the wider area of the incrusted ceramics groups situated on one side and another on the middle inferior course of the Danube. Most of them come from the necropolises of cremation in an urn, being known only a few discoveries of settlements. At the beginning of the Iron Age, a different funerary practice can be noticed, i.e., the building of tumuli and the depositing of the offerings in vessels, on the bottom of them. The disappearance of the plane necropolises, starting with the 12th century BCE and the appearance, in the same period, of the tumular constructions because of the richness or the quantity of the social energy invested in them suggest the appearance of new forms of collective representation, a change in the collective mentality. Furthermore, as a tendency to affirm the social identity, the funerary tumulus can be pointed out.