Socio-affective Strategies Research Articles

STUDENTS’ LISTENING STRATEGIES TO COPE WITH THE PROBLEMS IN LISTENING CLASS

This study aims to reveal the strategies employed by the students in listening class. Listening is one skill that highly complicated, started from receiving, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to what they hear. It becomes a problem to the students especially in an EFL classroom. Sometimes the students are discouraged to this situation. To overcome the problems, one of the solutions is employing the strategies of listening. The research subject were the students of first semester who take Listening for General Communication subject. Data were collected by questionnaire It consisted of 24 questions for metacognitive strategy, cognitive strategy, and socio-affective strategy. It adapted from Listening Comprehension Strategy Inventory (LCSI). The results showed that metacognitive strategy (50,4%) was the most strategy frequently employed by the students. The second strategy was cognitive strategies (33,0%), and the last was socio-affective strategies (16,6%).

STRATEGIES IN LEARNING SPEAKING SKILLS USED BY THE ADULT EFL STUDENTS

This research was conducted to find out and to describe the speaking skills strategies used by the adult EFL students of Pohuwato University and the adults' reason for using those strategies in learning speaking skills. The qualitative descriptive has been employed as the method of the research, and the researcher took the students in the fourth semester of the English department of Pohuwato University as the subject of the research through purposive sampling. To obtain the data, the researcher used the interview and observation as the instrument. The result of the data shows that there are three strategies used by adult EFL students in learning speaking skills. They are cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective strategies. In cognitive strategy, the students mostly like to apply practicing and analyzing and reasoning. In metacognitive, they used to apply arranging and planning and monitoring, and in socio-affective, they applied to cooperate with others as their strategies to use in learning speaking skills.

Participatory action research on EFL students' difficulties during autodidacticism of challenging texts using cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective reading strategies

Participatory action research on EFL students' difficulties during autodidacticism of challenging texts using cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective reading strategies

Mapping students' listening problems and strategies

Listening is crucial to understand spoken language and to support the other language skills mastery; however, some students find several problems related to listening. This study aims to determine students’ listening problems and listening strategies they apply to overcome the difficulties. The research type is qualitative research using questionnaires and interviews as research instruments. This research used descriptive statistics to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires and an interpretation of coding to analyze the interview transcript data. The respondents were 31 pharmacy students involved in the English for Pharmacy class, and there were three of them engaged in a structured interview session. The findings of this study were: (1) the students were moderate-level in listening problems of perception (M=2.91), parsing (M=3.18), and utilization (M=2.95) phase, (2) the students were high-level strategy users in cognitive, meta-cognitive, and socio-affective strategy, (3) the students mostly experienced difficulty in the parsing phase compared to two other problems and applied cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies than socio-affective strategy.

Coping with Reading Difficulty Using Socio-Affective Strategy

Reading academic texts requires learners to use a variety of skills and strategies. Among the main types of academic reading are (a) reading for quick reference, (b) reading for pleasure and also (c) critical reading. Students who have just left high schools, reading academic text may post some problems. Hence, readers face challenges when they read academic texts. Different readers face different difficulties when they read different types of texts. Some readers face linguistics challenges while some face non-linguistic challenges when they read academic texts. Fortunately, many academic readers have their own way to cope with the difficulties in reading. This study explored the problem readers face when they read academic texts. This study also investigates show readers use schemata and socio affective strategies to help them cope with difficulties when reading academic texts. The instrument used is a five Likert scale survey with 33 items. Data is analyzed using SPSS version 26 to reveal frequency of responses. Findings bear interesting pedagogical implications to the teaching and learning of academic reading.

Use of Communicative Strategies in L2 Learning

Our objective is to describe the importance of the learning strategies, especially those of communicative type, in the learning of the second language. We made a comparative study of the use of L2 learning strategies by Spanish students at university and by students from international mobilities coming from the Erasmus+ programme and from The Republic of South Korea. In our study we also found that gender was a significant factor among all students regardless their nationalities. We found that the female students made a greater use and with more frequency of all type of learning strategies, especially those of communicative type, with special relevance in the socio-affective strategies. In our conclusion, we indicate that education or qualification in the strategies of learning for the acquisition of a language can help the student of a foreign language to learn better if his/her awareness of the learning strategies is increased, and if the number of strategies that the students use is enlarged.

A STUDY ON THE STUDENT’S LEARNING STRATEGIES IN READING COMPREHENSION AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF IPS OF SMA TRI TUNGGAL PULAU BURUNG

The primary purpose of this study was to determine students' learning strategies in reading comprehension. This research was conducted at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung. This type of research is descriptive and uses total sampling techniques in determining research samples. This study's population was 53 students, and researchers took 30 students from them to be sampled in this study. Data collecting techniques use questionnaires from the questionnaire to find out the strategy in reading it. Then, this research shows that the value of students strategies in reading is mean values with result of cognitive strategies 37.93 % at Low category, metacognitive strategies 33.5 % at Low category, socio-affective strategies 33.2 % at Low category. From this study, it can be concluded that the students learning strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung are in a low category. Findings showed that the students use cognitive strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal Pulau burung.

Scrutinizing EFL learners' online reading strategy use across proficiency levels

This study aimed at investigating the difference in online reading strategy use between EFL students with high and low English proficiency level and knowing the relationship between online strategy use and reading comprehension. Ninety-six university students were involved in this research, and they were distributed into two groups; high and low proficiency levels based on English proficiency test scores. SORS was administered to collect the data after completing three reading sessions. Analyses of the data, using the Chi-square test to see the differences and the Spearman test, to check the relationship between strategy use and reading achievement. The results showed that the reading strategy that was most frequently used by the EFL learners was a problem-solving strategy, and the least frequently used one was a socio-affective strategy. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the online reading strategy use between students in high and low proficiency levels. Therefore, there was a negative relationship between strategy use and reading achievement. The more strategies they used, the lower score they got.

Understanding EFL students’ use of listening strategies in watching English captioned movies

Through the years, investigation into English captioned movies has been the subject of many studies in language teaching and learning. Most of these studies have found that listening strategies play a crucial part in enhancing students’ listening skills. Focusing on the same subject but with a new perspective, this research aimed at exploring the frequency use of listening strategies in watching English captioned movies in five general English classes at Ho Chi Minh City Industry and Trade College (HITC). One hundred and fifty college freshmen participate in answering the questionnaire and twenty-five students in responding the semi-structured interview questions. The data gained from the questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS in terms of descriptive statistics and ANOVA test. The results of the study indicated that a vast number of students employed listening strategies at different levels of frequency in which the cognitive strategy was used more frequently than meta-cognitive and socio-affective strategies. The results further proved that there was no significant difference of non-English majors’ listening strategies in watching English captioned movies in terms of majors.

A Review of Effective Reading Strategies to Teach Text Comprehension to Adult English Language Learners

This paper reviews the reading strategies and their theoretical perspectives in reading comprehension inside/outside the classroom. Reading strategies aim to build vocabulary and help integrate the existing knowledge of the readers/learners with the new knowledge through analysis and critical reflection on textual form and content. The study covers four major types of strategies, namely basic differentiated strategies, metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and socio-affective strategies, to highlight their pedagogical value. The study opens up the research area of how these strategies are viewed as significant, which strategies the teachers and the students neglect, and how these strategies are influenced by pedagogical instructions and assessment and shape the participatory and transformative teaching/learning. It is recommended that all these strategies should be given due attention as they collectively involve orthographic recognition and processing through cognitive patterns that engage memory and retention to integrate new knowledge with the previous for possible conceptual change.

SOCIO-AFFECTIVE STRATEGIES EMPLOYED BY STUDENTS IN SPEAKING CLASS

This research is aiming at scrutinizing the socio-affective strategies used by students in speaking class at SMP Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo. This research employed qualitative approach, and the design was case study was conducted on the Eighth Grade B class of SMP Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo, and focused on the description of using socio-affective strategies in teaching speaking at the Eighth Grade B class of SMP Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo. The data in this research is collected through interview, observation, reviewing the documents. The data were analyzed by using data Mattew B Miles and Michael Hubberman’s view of data reduction, data display and drawing conclusion. The result of this research revealed that (1) the implementation of socio-affective starategies is devided into three activities namely; Pre activities, main activities, and the last activities. In pre activities there are two activities, greeting and apperception. In main activities, teacher applied “socio-affective stratgies. The findings that. In the last activities the teacher gave an evaluation and motivation. In evaluation activity a teaching and learning process need to be evaluated. (2) Those the role of the teacher is as follow in supporting the implementation of socio-affective strategies at Eighth Grade B Class of SMP Maarif 1 Ponorogo is very important because as a teacher holds an important position in the learning process. The roles teachers play in English Language Teaching (ELT) field are mostly of an assessor, organizer, facilitator, prompter, motivator, participant, monitor, model, etc.

Facilitating English Learners Competence in Listening through Flowerdew and Miller’s Listening Strategies

This study aims to examine the use of listening strategies to facilitate the students’ listening competence and aims to examine the students’ perception about the roles of listening strategies. Using a qualitative research as the design of the research, the researcher collects the data through observation in listening classroom and interview to the university students. The result reveals that the lecturer used Flowerdew and Miller’ listening strategies, such as metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and socioaffective strategies to facilitate the students in improving their listening competence, Moreover, the students perceive that the roles of listening strategies can help them to enhance their competence and help them become more skillful in listening.
 Keywords: Listening Strategies, Cognitive, Metacognitive, Socioaffective

Student’s Learning Strategies in English Speaking Class

Speaking is the most essential skill that must be learned in acquiring a new language. It is important for the students to find the best learning strategies in order help them in learning the materials. However, it is necessary for the students to realize that there are many kinds of learning strategies that they may use during English speaking class. Therefore, this study aimed to elaborate on the kinds of students’ learning strategies in the English speaking class and to identify the factors that caused students to choose that learning strategy. The participants of this research were the students of English Department in the fourth semesters. The data were collected by using questionnaire and interview. The result shows that the students of English Department applied almost the learning strategies which provide on the metacognitive, cognitive, and socio-affective strategies while learning speaking. The most strategy used by students was note taking (51, 4%) and the least strategy was a translation (19, 6%). On the other hand, the strategy used by male students was cooperation (16, 8%) and there were (27, 1) female students who used self-evaluation as their strategy in learning speaking. Those learning strategies may be chosen depending on the students’ occasion and learning objectives.

Learning Strategies Instruction in CLIL Textbooks and Teacher-Authored Materials: A Qualitative Study

The aim of the study here presented was to understand to what extent CLIL materials are oriented towards the development of learning strategies (cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective strategies). This was done through the analysis of teaching materials of different content subject areas for primary and secondary school levels. A qualitative approach was adopted to compare learning units taken from commercial CLIL textbooks alongside self-authored materials created by CLIL teachers for their classes. A set of informative data was gathered to detect which strategies were most developed, whether any relevant differences between the materials analysed could be spotted, and whether strategy instruction was implicit or explicit. Main findings show that the types of strategies found in CLIL materials are very similar to those applied in second and foreign language learning environments and, although no significant differences have been spotted between textbooks and self-authored materials as to strategy instruction, the data has provided some interesting insights which deserve further exploration. It is hoped that the work will shed some light on practices of effective integration of learning strategies in CLIL teaching.

EXPLORING CAUSES AND ALLEVIATING STRATEGIES OF ENGLISH STUDENT-TEACHERS’ WRITING ANXIETY AT PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

There have been couples of studies reporting on English students-teachers’ writing anxiety. However, there has been little information on what factors contribute to Indonesian EFL Pre-service teachers’ writing anxiety and how they overcome it. This study aimed at figuring out the facts of related causes of anxiety and alleviating strategies that English student-teachers in English teachers at Pattimura University Ambon employ when they write in English language. The research design is both quantitative and qualitative methods. The data were collected from questionnaires and in-depth interview. The results reveal some contributing factors to participants’ writing anxiety including linguistic difficulties, time pressure, lack of writing practices, instructors’ evaluation and pressure for a perfect work. Furthermore, to overcome their problems, the participants utilize the rethorical, cognitive and socio-affective strategies. The study, then, concludes that by recognizing the causes of writing anxiety, the participants may work better on applying strategies that can reduce their level of writing anxiety.

PREFERENCE IN LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES (LLS) OF THE STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH JEMBER

The present study aims at investigating the patterns of language learning strategy use employed by the sixth semester students of English language education program at the University of Muhammadiyah Jember. To achieve this objective, Oxford’s Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL) (1990) along with a background questionnaire (a modified version of Oxford’s background questionnaire) were administered to the participants. The findings indicate that the research participants use language learning strategies at a high rate (more than 60%), but with differences in type and frequency of the individual learning strategies. The students reported a high frequent use of metacognitive and cognitive strategies. Other types of language learning strategies are also used by the students, although the frequency is lower than the previous two strategies. Based on the findings of the present study, some pedagogical implication were suggested to encourage students to reflect on their own strengths and weaknesses in skills and content courses and self-regulate learning so as to make progress with teachers’ assistance. 
 Keywords: language learning strategies (LLS); Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL); memory strategies; cognitive strategies; metacognitive strategies; socio-affective strategies; compensation strategies.

PROMOTING AUTONOMY IN SECOND LANGUAGES LEARNING: REPORT OF THE APLA PROJECT AT THE US

En el presente artículo se aborda la cuestión de cómo un centro de recursos puede fomentar un comportamiento autónomo y promover el uso consciente de estrategias entre los aprendientes de segundas lenguas. Partiendo del Centro APLA, Centro de Aprendizaje Lingüístico Autónomo de la Facultad de Filología de la US, creado a finales de 2018, se describen las diferentes actividades que se han llevado a cabo desde su fundación, y las razones para fomentar la autonomía. Se hace hincapié en las estrategias metacognitivas, cognitivas y socioafectivas como forma más adecuada para este propósito. Finalmente se plantea una desiderata y varias líneas de trabajo futuras de APLA.

Written Text Quality and Socio-affective Strategy Use : Monolinguals versus Bilinguals across Different Proficiency Levels

The primary purpose of the current study was to examine the writing performance and the use of socio-cognitive strategies among monolingual Persian and bilingual Turkish-Persian EFL learners across two proficiency levels. A mixed-method approach was employed to analyze the data gathered from the quantitative analysis of socio-affective writing strategy questionnaires as well as qualitative analysis of sample written texts and semi-structured interviews. Results of a series of two-way ANOVAs showed that bilinguals used more positive affective strategies than monolinguals. While the difference between high-proficient and low-proficient participants in strategy use was not significant, some differences were found between bilinguals and monolinguals across different proficiency levels concerning their overall writing quality. The findings also highlighted the underestimation of writing socio-affective strategy instruction, which can be considered as one of the reasons contributing to the writing problems of EFL learners.

Effects of Socio-Affective Strategies on Students’ Self-Confidence in Classroom Speaking Activities

This research was to investigate the implementation of socio-affective strategies to improve students’ self-confidence in classroom speaking activities. This research was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study were the students of this school grade VIII A. The number of the subjects was thirty-five students. The instruments which are used to collect the data are observation questionnaire and field note. The student who had a strong desire in cycle I was 23 students, in cycle II was 33 students. The student who used visual contact in cycle I was 21 students, in cycle II was 28 students. The student who spoke aloud in cycle I was 22 students, in cycle II was 29 students. The student who used their gestures in cycle I was 24 students, in cycle II was 29 students. The student who comprehended the material in cycle I was 28 students, in cycle II was 32 students. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that using Socio-affective strategies can improve students’ self-confidence in speaking English

Listening Strategies Used by Arabic Education Student Teachers: A Survey Study

The study aimed to explore the listening strategies used by Arabic education student teachers at one Indonesian Islamic university in Indonesia. The participants were students who were taking and passed in the listening subjects in the Arabic education study program. The total sampling was 564 participants. This study used a quantitative design with a survey approach. The researcher used SPSS to find out the reliability and to describe the percentage and frequency of the data. There were three categories of listening strategies. They were metacognitive, cognitive, and socio-affective strategies. The results showed that the most strategy used by the respondents was metacognitive strategy to increase their ability in listening. In addition, male students tended to use cognitive strategies, while female students focused more on metacognitive strategies in their listening activities. Students of higher institution could use the results of this study as a reference in understanding listening strategies.