Socialist Feminism Research Articles

GENDER INEQUALITY AND FEMINISM IN ARUNDHATI ROY’S THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS

This research aimed to analyses feminism and gender inequality in the novel The God of small things by Arundhati Roy. The writer aims to reveal the types of feminism, gender inequalities are reflected in the novel. In this research, gender inequality theory is used to determine the types of gender inequality experienced by the characters in the novel God of Small Things, beside of that, feminism theory is used to show how women can overcome gender inequality. Furthermore, this paper uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data is gathered through quotations from the book, and the analysis is backed up by the book and the journal. The base theory is based from what types of feminism type and what kind of gender inequality, the type of gender inequality that experienced by woman including stereotypes, violence, marginalization, double burden and subordination and there are four feminism movements ideology, which are liberal feminism, radical feminism, Marxist feminism, and socialist feminism. Besides that, in this research the author discovered three kinds of gender inequality experienced by women: violence as the part of radical feminism, marginalization as the part of liberal feminism, and subordination as the part of socialist feminism. As the result of this research is to show and identifying what kind of gender inequality and feminism according to the theory. 
 Keywords: Feminism, Gender inequalities, Patriarchy

The Contribution of Women in Improving Family Economic Resilience through the Banang Sahalai Knitting Community in Dadok Tunggul Hitam Village, Padang

This research is motivated by the fact that the economic contribution of women to their families is also very helpful for the economic resilience of the family itself. With the contribution of women to the family economy, it is also expected to have good participation in decision-making in the family. This study aims to analyze and identify: the contribution of women members of the banang sahalai knitting community in increasing family resilience in the economy, women's strategies in managing their involvement in the banang sahalai knitting community, and the impact of women's involvement in the banang sahalai knitting community on their participation in decision making in the family. To discuss this research problem, the theory of socialist feminism is used. The approach used is qualitative with descriptive type. Research informants were determined by the purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using observation, interviews, and document studies. Validity test using triangulation technique. Analysis of the data using the interactive analysis model of Miles and Huberman. The results show that in increasing economic resilience, women act as financial producers for the family and manage household income. The contribution of women in increasing the economic resilience of the family is inseparable thanks to the joining of women in a community, namely Banang Sahalai. So to manage their involvement in the banang sahalai knitting community, women have certain strategies. So that with the existence of women in the community and increasing the economic resilience of the family,

Critical Socialist Feminism in China: Xingbie (Gender), the State, and Community-Based Socialism

Recent publicity of Chinese feminist activism highlights the urgency for scholarly attention to historically and contextually grounded knowledge about socialism and feminism. This essay explores current Chinese feminism as a contentious and geopolitically mediated subject, introducing critical socialist feminism within the Chinese feminist theorizing that has emerged in the last decade. Specifically, the essay discusses how several scholars reexamine gender, socialist legacy, and community-based socialism and argues that this new terrain of Chinese feminist theory should be read critically while paying attention to recent theoretical developments in East Asia. Grounded in the context of Chinese state capitalism, critical socialist feminism holds potential to challenge certain Eurocentric tendencies in the transnational flow of socialist feminism.

ROLE OF ECONOMIC DISPARITY IN FEMALE VICTIMIZATION IN NAGUIB MAHFOUZ’S NOVEL ‘THE BEGINNING AND THE END’

The objective of the study is to examine the impact of economic disparity in female victimization in Nagiub Mahfouz’s novel “The Beginning and the End”. Economic inequality has played a key role in maintaining the secondary role given to women. A female is affected in many ways by socio-economic and socio-political structures depending on their class, race, nationality, religion, language, disability, sexual preferences and education (Liu, 2022). The theoretical framework of Socialist Feminism (Armstrong, 2020) was used to understand the concept of inferiority of women in society; the female has been given a secondary position in society on the basis of economic factors throughout the ages. The textual analysis of Naguib Mahfouz’s novel ‘The Beginning and the End’ unfolded the role of economic disparity for female victimization particularly in Egyptian culture. The current study helped not only to explore the reasons of economic disparity in gender roles but also provided a door for further study in same context. Key Words: Economic Disparity, Female victimization, Gender roles, socio-political structures, Egyptian culture and Textual analysis.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WOMEN STEREOTYPES IN BJÖRN RUNGE`S FILM THE WIFE AND GARY ROSS` FILM OCEAN`S 8

Abstract
 . This article aims to compare women stereotypes, in two different films by analyzing the different ways between two different generations facing womenstereotypes. Socialist feminist theory by Mary Ellmann that women stereotypes are used in this article by applying several concepts: confinement, compliance, and piety. The writer uses a descriptive qualitative method to explain the data. There are two findings, the first finding is the silent generation applies women stereotypes while generation X does not apply women stereotypes. The second finding is silent generation is influenced by social perspective while generation X does not influence by social perspective.

The representation of Thatcher's Theatre in Caryl Churchill's "Top Girls" : A social feminist study

Carly Churchill has a rare position within British contemporary’s post-war dramatists. She is perhaps the most innovative and elusive writer of her age, an ardent advocate of women’s equality and rights. The socialist feminist ideology of Churchill is indeed unquestionably the best of the postmodern society. Churchill lives under Thatcher’s leadership, and she is among the leader who, not just in her nation but across the western world, transforms the cultural and social landscape of the state. This pivotal event appears as a backdrop for Caryl Churchill to challenge how a competent lady in the patriarchal system has risen on the social ladder and what she does for women and the society in her era. This study aims at knowing how Thatcher’s theatre has depicted in Caryl Churchill‘s Top Girls . The work tries to set the effect of Thatcher on women and society in the period of her role as a prime minister of Britain and how her legacy makes citizens be successful in their jobs, but hates everyone around them, including their friends, coworkers, and even their families. The study hypothesizes that Churchill was affected by Thatcherism in her era and this influenced her style of writings. The paper starts with an Introduction of the Top girls play and Thatcher's regime , then follows the methodology of the study and the discussion comes afterwards and it ends with a conclusion that points out the results of discussion.

Gender Impact on Entrepreneurial Success: A Meta-Analytical Structural Equations Analysis

Drawing on the social feminism theory and liberal feminism theory, this meta-analysis studied the effects of gender on different performance measures (financial performance, growth, survival, and satisfaction) for new ventures through the mediatory effect of hours worked, human capital levels (education level and experience level), social capital, and debt. The results, based on a meta-analysis of 69 studies with a total sample size of 51,985 new ventures, show that male entrepreneurs invest more hours in their business and have higher level of experience. Moreover, male gender was positively related to financial performance and growth directly and indirectly by influencing hours worked and experience level. Results show that female entrepreneurs are more satisfied with their businesses than male entrepreneurs, and finally our results could not establish an effect for gender on the survival of new ventures.

Reinterpretasi Hadis Perempuan Di Ruang Publik Perspektif Feminisme Sosialis

Hadith for women is prohibited without a mahram, including one of the topics of hadith that is quite well known, not only for hadith experts, but also warm among jurists. certain, believe that women are prohibited from going without a mahram, other parts of the hadith are temporal so that they are not relevant to use in the current situation and situation. Because the hadith describes the conditions at the time of the Prophet and his companions, not the current conditions. This paper compares the hadith that is forbidden without a mahram with the hadith that can be used by women without a mahram. Then it will try to give a new meaning (reinterpretation) based on the compromise results of the hadiths that seem "opposite" and are studied with a feminist approach with the aim of giving birth to a new understanding so that religious texts, especially regarding nature without a mahram, do not seem to shackle women. The type of method used in this research is qualitative with the approach of Socialist Feminism, where gender occurs because of the ancient capitalist system and the domination over women. This paper concludes that the hadith about for a woman without a mahram is tentative and is the impact of the class structure in the Arab world first. This had an impact on gender and sexually subordinated women at that time

ALEXANDRA KOLLONTAI AND THE POLITICAL MEANING OF LOVE

In the given article I analyze the contribution of the prominent socialist feminist thinker and politician Alexandra Kollontai to the development of conceptual vision of a just society, that would be based on the equality of the sexes, and to the formation of contemporary views onto the problem of the of the political, intellectual and emotional autonomy of women . In my view, the rethinking of Kollontai's views in regards to the issues of love, sexuality and the role of emotional life under socialism and capitalism may be helpful for better understanding of the complex relationship between gender and class identities, collisions of public and private lives, and the emancipation of women (politically, economically, emotionally and symbolically). I also argue that Kollontai's legacy is relevant for the contemporary scholarship on political , gender-specific aspects of emotional life as well as the affective dimension of the politics.My analysis is based on three types of sources: theoretical works and literary texts by Alexandra Kollontai, in which she developed her views on love relationships and women's autonomy; selected works of other Marxist and feminist thinkers of the early XX century (V.I. Lenin, I. Armand) that dealt with the questions of free love and sexual mores; the works by contemporary gender scholars and feminist thinkers, that engage with the texts of Kollontai and debates on love and sexuality in the Soviet 1920s.

In the Forefront and on the Margins: Jews, Secularism and Women's Liberation in Ontario and British Columbia, 1960s–1980s

AbstractThis article examines Jewish feminists in the British Columbia and Ontario women's movements, particularly among radical and socialist feminists. Feminists within these movements saw organised religion as patriarchal, hostile to the interests of women and thus to be rejected. Using archival and oral history sources, we argue that looking more closely at Jewish feminists within second‐wave feminism can help us to more clearly understand the nature of secularism in the women's movement, its implicit contradictions and unspoken Christian bias. Jewish feminists noted, for example, that Christian holidays such as Christmas or Easter could be seen as secular celebrations, while any celebration of Jewish heritage, even if it emerged from a very secular Jewish socialist culture, was suspect within secular feminist circles, and indeed could be denounced as an acceptance of patriarchy. We analyse the distinctive experiences of Jewish feminists as a minority community within an ostensibly secular women's movement. We argue that Jewish activist women, because of their liminal position within the movement, as both secular feminists and ethnic/religious other, could challenge and reveal the Christian roots of feminist secularism.

Enough Already! A Socialist Feminist Response to the Re-emergence of Right Wing Populism and Fascism in Media, de Faith Agostinone-Wilson. Leiden: Brill Sense, 2020, 223 pp.

Enough Already! A Socialist Feminist Response to the Re-emergence of Right Wing Populism and Fascism in Media, de Faith Agostinone-Wilson. Leiden: Brill Sense, 2020, 223 pp.

“Full Rights” Feminists in South Asia: Freedom, Equality, and Justice

AbstractHistories of feminism in the past three decades have focused on the debate between equal rights and separate spheres, but have been less attentive to the many strands of socialist feminisms, which sought to build bridges between the women's movement and other social movements for freedom, equality and justice. Dorothy Sue Cobble addresses this gap, exploring the lives and works of social democratic women activists in relation to the equal rights versus separate rights debate. Reflecting the “global turn”, Cobble explores many transnational connections. Picking up on these two themes – socialist feminism and global networks – I focus on the South Asian case.

Transatlantic Socialist Feminisms in the Cold War World

AbstractThis review essay engages with Dorothy Sue Cobble's For The Many: American Feminists and the Global Fight for Democratic Equality from the perspective of European histories of socialist feminism during the Cold War. The essay suggests three themes that might lead to further discussion. These concern first of all the role of left-Catholic as well as Social Democratic women within the networks that Cobble describes in For the Many; second, the influence of nationalist or other exclusionary discourses on debates about the rights of immigrant workers, and third, the role of social democratic actors in shaping debates about working women's rights in other international organizations - particularly regional organizations such as the EEC/EU. The essay concludes that For the Many is a major contribution to our understanding of transatlantic socialist feminisms in the Cold War world.

Gendering Experiences of Anti-Semitism: A Quantitative Analysis of Discrimination in Europe

Abstract Little is known about the gendered dimension of anti-Semitism. Emerging from a literature review on social identity theory, anti-Semitism, sexism, and Jewish feminism, I demonstrate the urgency of examining the link between gender and experiences of anti-Semitism, using the FRA’s 2018 dataset “Experiences and Perceptions of Antisemitism: Second Survey on Discrimination and Hate Crime against Jews in the EU,” a large-scale survey of Jews in thirteen countries across Europe. The independent variable is gender identity. Five dependent variables relate to experiences of sex/gender discrimination, physical attacks, offensive/threatening comments, offensive gestures/staring, and online harassment. Using five control variables—being identifiable as a Jew in public, country, Jewish identity, education level, and Jewish population in one’s neighborhood—I engage with descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis to analyze my variables. The findings show that while women are more likely to experience gender discrimination, men are significantly more likely to experience anti-Semitism.

Worlds of Sound

Worlds of Sound

Dissidence in Nawal El Saadawi’s Two Women in One

Egyptian-born physician, psychiatrist, and writer Nawal El Saadawi identifies herself as a historical socialist feminist. In her life that spanned over eighty-nine years, she has fought aggressively for the emancipation of women and men from oppressive structures. El Saadawi’s writings are a mirror that showcases her feelings on various issues plaguing the world. She is a dissident through and through and her novels have women who are equally dissident. As El Saadawi professes dissidence is a necessary tool to fight injustice.

Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Social Feminism and Women’s Suffrage: A Female–Male Net Nutrition Comparison using Differences- in-decompositions

When other measures for economic welfare are scarce or unreliable, the body mass index (BMI) is a biological measure that reflects current net nutrition. This study uses a difference-in-decompositions framework to analyse how women’s BMIs varied with the advent of early twentieth century social feminism. Late nineteenth and early twentieth century US economic development improved the relative status of women relative to both men before and after the transition to social feminism. Twentieth century women’s BMIs were higher than nineteenth century women relative to men with the rise of social feminism. The primary source of female–male across-group variation was height and nativity, indicating that there was net nutritional progress for women relative to men associated with changing cumulative net nutrition. The primary source of female–male within-group variation was nativity and socioeconomic status, indicating that there was net nutritional progress relative to women born before the transition for women born after the rise of social feminism association with socioeconomic status. JEL Codes: C1, C4, D1, I1, N3

Balancing act: a socialist feminist perspective of rural low-income mothers’ experiences navigating the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected rural low-income mothers due to intersecting and compounding factors such as gender, race, income, and disability, among others. In this study, we utilized socialist feminist theory to explore the impacts COVID-19 had on rural low-income mothers’ capacity to facilitate leisure and support their families’ well-being. Through semi-structured interviews with 29 rural low-income mothers, our findings indicated that these women were uniquely challenged with having to balance paid and unpaid work and entertaining children at home while dealing with pandemic-related employment insecurity. These mothers were disadvantaged due to inaccessible personal leisure resources, intensified by the closure of public parks and trails.

“The Call of the World”: Women's Memories of Global Socialist Feminism in India

AbstractThis article explores the juncture between historical time and space in the context of socialist feminism, primarily through the memoir of an Indian woman activist who spent four years in East Berlin as the Asian Secretary at the Women's International Democratic Federation. This primary source material is drawn from a longer history of Indian leftist women's participation in political mobilizations and organizational work, the literary tradition of travel writing, found especially in Bengal, and academic histories of socialist feminism.

International Solidarity as the Cornerstone of the Hungarian Post-War Socialist Women's Rights Agenda in the Magazine Asszonyok

AbstractThis article analyses five years of the magazine Asszonyok (Women) the main forum for discussing women's rights between 1945 and 1949 in Hungary. The magazine was published by the Magyar Nők Demokratikus Szövetsége (the Hungarian Women's Democratic Federation), an umbrella organization created mostly by women from the communist movement. This analysis is centred around the idea of internationalism and how it became a means for socialist women's emancipation, proof of the political power of the new women's organization, and a platform of political education. It also symbolized the new era of peace after the war, peace becoming one of the slogans of the socialist women's movement globally. The broadening international platform of transfers became a terrain where political languages about race, class, and gender were slowly but steadily taking shape. Solidarity with women across the globe became one of the main tenets of communist women in Hungary. However, solidarity had its limits. As is shown here, identification with the right political agenda was even more important than aspects of race and class. This was one of the most important ways in which socialist women's rights and feminism were diverging from each other, despite the broad spectrum of shared elements on their agenda.