Socialist Feminism Research Articles

GENDER-RELATED FACTORS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF UNDERGRADUATES IN SELECTED FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTHWEST, NIGERIA

Purpose: The study assesses the gender related factors and entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate students of selected Federal Universities in Southwest, Nigeria. It specifically, examined barriers to male and female entrepreneurial activities in the selected Universities; assessed how entrepreneurship education has impacted entrepreneurial intentions of female and male undergraduates in the study area; and evaluated how entrepreneurial intentions of male and female undergraduates differ in the study area. Theoretical Framework: The study's foundation was Social Feminist Theory (SFT), which clarified the widely held stereotype that women are subservient to men. This stereotype is said to conflict with the innate desire for entrepreneurship, and female students' inclination to start their own businesses may be viewed as a hindrance. In this regard, the study has attempted to conduct a methodical assessment of several publications concerning the relationship between gender and the entrepreneurial intentions of students at particular Federal Universities in the Southwest region of Nigeria. Design/Methodology/Approach: To guide the investigation, three research questions were developed. Similarly, three objectives and three null hypotheses were generated for the study. The study adopted the use of a cross-sectional survey approach, and structured questionnaire administration was made use of, to gather data. A total of 1,820 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and were all recovered for the study. The study made use of a well-structured and validated “Gender Related Factors and Entrepreneurial Intentions Questionnaire” as the instrument for data collection. The data analysis included both inferential and descriptive statistics, such as; Mann-Whitney U Test, Multiple Linear Regression and basic percentages, counts, mean, and standard deviation.. Findings: The study found that female students faced more barriers to entrepreneurial activities than male students. The distribution of barriers is not the same across the two categories of gender. Entrepreneurship education is positively related to entrepreneurial intention and explains a variation in the level of entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate students in the selected Federal universities. Female students showed less entrepreneurial intention than male students and suggests that the distribution of entrepreneurial intention is not the same across the two categories of gender. Originality/Value: The study, recommended among others that; Policymakers and stakeholders in entrepreneurship matters should give adequate consideration and preference to the female gender in terms of training and other forms of entrepreneurial education to foster better intention with them. Nevertheless, the male gender must not be ignored completely as this may result in a viscous cycle; University management, facilitators and lecturers should also improve on the techniques and methods used in teaching entrepreneurship in Nigerian universities to positively impact the entrepreneurial intention of university students; and Management should also use attractive methods and practical styles that will raise the curiosity of students to the field of entrepreneurship..

Factors Influencing Women’s Entrepreneurial Success in a Patriarchal Society: Empirical Evidence from Morocco

The purpose of the current study is to identify factors associated with women’s entrepreneurial success. By embracing social feminism theory, this study provides a well-rounded analysis of the individual, social, institutional, and economic factors that shape successful women’s business development in a patriarchal society within a Muslim and Arab country. Following the conceptual model development, data were obtained from 212 Moroccan women business owners using a web-based questionnaire. The results, based on structural equation modeling, revealed the positive and direct influence of individual factors on women entrepreneurs’ success, including the need for achievement, and risk-taking. Additionally, external factors, particularly government support, social support, and access to finance, were found to be an important determinant of the entrepreneurial success of Moroccan women. This study enriches the existing knowledge on the determinants of the entrepreneurial success of women in developing countries. It offers offer useful managerial implications for policymakers who should implement appropriate actions to promote gender equality, as well as foster an environment conducive to enabling Moroccan women to launch and develop their own businesses.

Influence of Local Politics on Women Participation in Leadership Positions in Turkana County, Kenya

Gender inequalities continue to persist, raising concerns among gender advocates about the goodwill and commitment of governments to achieve equality. Women, especially from pastoralist communities, are regarded only as housewives, hence inferior to men. However, some women have emerged and thrived in leadership opportunities, irrespective of this belief. This paper sought to assess the influence of local politics on women's participation in leadership positions in Turkana County. Specifically, the study sought to determine the influence of political factors on women's participation in political leadership in Turkana County. The paper was anchored on The Social Feminist Theory and The Theory of Structural Functionalism, which provided insights on the influence of local politics on women's participation in political leadership. The paper adopted a case study design as a route to investigate the research subject. The target population of the study was 168 women leaders from the county government of Turkana. A sample size of 131 respondents, determined via Krejcie and Morgan's 1970 formula, was used. A questionnaire and interview guide were used as data collection instruments. Data was analyzed quantitatively using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26 and presented in tables and charts, while qualitative data was grouped into common themes. Inferential statistics were used to evaluate the influence of local politics on women's participation in political leadership which had a mean weighted mean of 2.72; indicating a significant influence on women participating in political leadership in Turkana County. The study recommends that more women be encouraged by the county government of Turkana, community actors, and political parties to take part in leadership roles by adopting guidelines that are not discriminatory.

Kedudukan Perempuan dalam Upacara Adat Perkawinan Orang Tolaki di Desa Mendikonu Kecamatan Amonggedo Kabupaten Konawe

This study explores the role of women in the Tolaki traditional marriage ceremony and the perspectives of men and women on this role. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive method and draws on socialist feminism theory. The findings reveal that women play a crucial role in various stages of the marriage customs. For instance, during the Mondutudu or proposal stage, the mother of the male/female side accompanies the family during the proposal. After the proposal, the bride-to-be is guided by a Tono Motuo or Female Traditional Leader, often the grandmother, who provides valuable advice for the future household. Additionally, women play a central role during the engagement ceremony, as they arrange for the treat of sekapur sirih Kalo Sara. The male party presents this treat through the Pabitara, which is then received by the woman. These customs highlight the important role women have in the Tolaki traditional marriage ceremony.

Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Isu Kesetaraan Gender di Lingkungan Kampus UIN Suska Riau

Gender equality is a condition where men and women are equal in fulfilling rights and policies. Gender equality is related to equal pay in work, zero tolerance for sexual harassment, equal opportunities in education, both men and women get the same position in work. Gender equality is also related to socialist feminist theory, where the thinking is related to the sharpening of oppression in the capitalist and patriarchal systems which cause social oppression. The aim of this research is to determine the perceptions of students at the Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Islamic University regarding the issue of gender equality in education. The method used is a qualitative. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires, interviews, literature. The results of this research indicate that students at the Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Islamic University are in the circle of gender equality in education.

Pembebasan Kaum Perempuan dalam Tradisi Pendidikan Islam: Analisis Historis dan Kontemporer

This research explores complex issues related to Islamic education, social transformation, and gender inequality in society. The method used in this study is the literature review method, which is data collection by identifying relevant literature and then analyzed. The results of this research found that Islamic education not only contains religious aspects, but also reflects long socio-cultural dynamics. Problems such as slavery, colonialism, and power hegemony also influenced the complexity of Islamic education, with acculturation of values extending to various parts of the world. In addition, various views on the backwardness of women from the Structural Functionalism school to Marxist and Socialist feminism provide diverse insights. The importance of critical reflection on the values and practices of Islamic education is also highlighted in creating an inclusive society that supports gender equality. Although the concept of equality between women and men exists in Islam, social reality often does not reflect it, with strict social restrictions, especially regarding the role of women in society. However, views such as those expressed by Mernissi and Islamic historians show that women have equal rights and potential, prompting the need for a review of religious interpretations to create a more inclusive understanding and support gender equality. Keywords : Education, Women, Gender

The Commodification of Feminism — A Critical Analysis of Neoliberal Feminist Discourse

This paper critically examines the commodification of feminism within the framework of neoliberal feminism, a discourse that has gained significant traction in recent years. Neoliberal feminism emphasizes individual empowerment, personal success, and market-driven solutions to gender inequality. While this approach has succeeded in making feminist ideas more mainstream and accessible, it also poses substantial challenges by overlooking systemic and structural barriers that many women face. This paper explores the historical emergence of neoliberal feminism, its key characteristics, and the role of media and corporations in promoting commodified feminist ideals. It further analyzes the positive and negative impacts of neoliberal feminism on broader feminist movements, highlighting the shift from collective action to individual empowerment. Through critical perspectives from radical, intersectional, and socialist feminists, this paper underscores the limitations of neoliberal feminism and calls for a renewed focus on collective action, intersectionality, and systemic change to achieve true gender equality. By resisting the commodification of feminist ideals and advocating for more inclusive strategies, the feminist movement can better address the root causes of gender inequality in a neoliberal context.

Gender Gap in Agricultural Productivity: A Case Study of Smallholder Farmers in Busia County Kenya

Purpose: The study aimed at determining the gender gap in agricultural productivity: A case of Smallholder Farmers in Busia Kenya. Methodology: The research employed a correlational research approach, utilizing multistage sampling to choose 384 participants from seven sub-counties within the study region. Data collection utilized structured questionnaires, and analysis was conducted on quantitative data using descriptive statistics and inferential methods with STATA version 17. The findings were presented using tables and figures. Findings: The study revealed a statistically significant gender gap in agricultural productivity in Busia-County at the expense of female farmers. Specifically in Teso North, gender gap was -0.43 with a p-value of 0.049, in Teso south, gender gap was -0.63 with a p-value of 0.040, in Bunyala, gender gap was -0.67 with a p-value of 0.035, in Butula, gender gap was -0.47 with a p-value of 0.002, in Matayos, gender gap was -0.72 with a p-value of 0.041, in Nambale, gender gap was -0.64 with a p-value of 0.041 and In Samia, gender gap was -0.67 with a p-value of 0.036. It was concluded that female farmers are less productive than male farmers in Busia County Kenya. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Drawing from production theory, and social feminist theory, the study investigated the relationship between productivity and gender among smallholder farmers. To address the gender gap in agricultural productivity, it is recommended that policymakers, agricultural extension services, and other stakeholders advocate for gender-inclusive agricultural development initiatives in the area.

Social-Cultural Factors and Women’s Participation in Higher Educational Leadership in Mogadishu, Somalia

Participation of women in leadership, particularly in higher education is an issue that attracts global attention from educational practitioners. The SDG 5 data shows that the world is not on track to achieve gender equality by 2030. Women’s representation in positions of power and decision-making remains below parity. Women’s participation in government, research, and resource management remains far from equitable to that of men. It is with this background that this study sought to investigate the relationship between social-cultural factors and women's involvement in higher educational leadership in Mogadishu, Somalia. The social feminist theory is employed to theoretically anchor the study. Pearson's correlational design was employed. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were used while Pearson correlational analysis was used to establish correlations. The findings revealed that social-cultural factors (r = -0.631, p<0.05) had a negative and significant relationship with women's participation in higher educational leadership. The study concluded that social and cultural factors contribute significantly to the decrease in women's participation in higher educational leadership in Somalia. The study recommends that university management should discourage gender stereotyping when it comes to leadership by encouraging and training employees to adopt a universal leadership mindset.

Beyond Stereotypes: A Socialist Feminist Exploration of Female Characters in Shoujo Anime and Their Impact on Traditional Gender Roles in Japanese Society

This study explores the complex portrayal of female characters in shoujo anime, focusing on how they challenge or subvert traditional gender roles and stereotypes in Japanese society. Through the examination of three popular shoujo anime series—“Nana”, “Skip and Loafer,” and “Violet Evergarden”—the paper investigates how the shoujo genre has evolved within the context of Japan’s cultural, historical, and political landscape. Utilizing a socialist feminist perspective, the research highlights the intersectionality of gender, class, and power, providing insights into gender equality’s universal challenges and opportunities. This investigation emphasizes shoujo anime’s potential to shape perceptions of gender roles among viewers, inspire alternative narratives, and contribute to the ongoing struggle for respectful and empowering representations of women. The study concludes with recommendations for fostering a culture that respects and values diversity in gender roles and expressions.

নারীবাদ : একটি তাত্ত্বিক বিশ্লেষণ

Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal and social equality of the sexes. The word `Feminism’ originated in the nineteenth century Europe. At the very beginning, the concept of feminism has developed in Pythagorean society in ancient Greece and it introduced by women. In seventeenth century, Feminist ideology enhanced through French women writers. Women awakening in the western society has influenced by Industrial revolution of eighteenth century and American Independence movement. Many scholars consider feminist campaigns to be a main force behind major historical and societal changes for women’s rights. Feminist advocacy is, and has been, mainly focused on women’s rights, some argue for the inclusion of men’s liberation within its aims, because they believe that men are also harmed by traditional gender roles. Simultaneously, Feminist theory which emerged from feminist movements, aims to understand the nature of gender inequality by examining women’s social roles and lived experiences. The fundamental objective of feminism is the emancipation of women. To achieve this goal there is a great deal of theoretical differences among feminists due to purpose and way out. Some principal theories are such as Liberal feminism, Radical feminism, Marxist feminism, Socialist feminism, Existential feminism, Cultural feminism, Eco-feminism, Post-modern feminism and soon.

Evolution of the women’s movement in Ukraine and Europe in the 20th century: The path to gender equality

The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the analysis of the development of the women's movement in Ukraine and the determinants of the influence of women's views on their own place in society in the context of various historical events helps to reduce the number of stereotypes about the role of women in Ukrainian society in the 21st century. Accordingly, the purpose was to provide a historical overview of the reasons for the emergence and development of the Ukrainian movement in the period 1901-2000 and the barriers to gender equality in comparison with the women's movement in European countries. This study was based on a retrospective and systematic analysis of the literature as the main research methods. It was established that the emancipation of the women's movement in Ukraine began at the beginning of the 20th century. In general, the path to gender equality for Ukrainian women consisted of three main stages. The development of women's views was influenced by various economic, social, and political events, as a result of which the ideology of feminism was established, which is separately formed for each stage of the women's movement. Thus, during the first stage until 1919, national feminism was observed. Then, until 1991, feminism had a liberal character. Later, until 2000, social feminism was observed in Ukraine. The results of the study provide consistent information on specific actions of women on the path to gender equality in the last century under the influence of various factors and historical events, which contributed to the development of a unified system of views on the development of the evolution of the women's movement for the period 1901-2000 on the path to gender equality. The results of this study are of practical importance, since they can be used both by women's organisations for information campaigns, and in academic communities for further research on the topic of the women's movement in Ukraine and Europe

Alicia Moreau's socialist feminism on war: transcending western narratives?

Abstract According to conventional narratives of International Relations (IR), the vast majority—if not all—of the twentieth-century proposals to overcome war came from men, such as Norman Angell, Vladimir Lenin and Woodrow Wilson. Recent efforts show that women also contributed significantly to the topic; nevertheless, they have focused almost exclusively on women from the United States or Great Britain. Despite Argentinian Alicia Moreau's significant writings on war, her international thought remains unknown in Latin America, and in the histories of international thought and IR. Through a textual analysis of Moreau's writings and speeches, as well as a comparative approach with other socialist and feminist perspectives, this article has a double objective. First, to lay the foundations for demonstrating that women from the global South also contributed to explaining and providing practical solutions to war during the early twentieth century; and second, to draw lessons from Moreau's writings for today's policy-makers. The article shows that although Moreau's international thought does not transcend Eurocentrism, her blend of socialist democratic feminism, informed by her work as an activist and politician, offers a moderate non-violent alternative to other well-known socialist and feminist approaches, and provides insights for policy-makers on the importance of women, education and democracy to achieve a more peaceful and egalitarian world.

Socialist Feminism in the Select Poems of Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou is one of the most inspirational African-American poets, novelists, activists, and feminists, who has also been recognized as a prominent and influential voice in literature. This study aimed to engage in an analytical investigation of socialist feminism in the select poems of Maya Angelou using biographical approach and Johannna Brenner’s socialist feminism perspective. The select poems included Woman Work, Alone, On Working White Liberals, When You Come to Me, When I Think about Myself and Caged Bird. The research method of textual analysis was used in the literary investigation of the select poems. The study revealed that Maya Angelou had a challenging and colorful life. Her range of experiences from childhood to adulthood had influenced how she wrote. Her vision and legacy as mirrored in her works especially in her poetry continue to inspire others to fight for equality of all forms in the society. It was also found out that there are a number of significant factors that aided in the development of her work as a writer and a poet. Her life experiences along with her education recreated the way she saw the world. The sociocultural environment in Arkansas during her period also contributed to her profound writings. The salient characteristics of socialist feminism of Brenner such as representation of women, images of women at home and in the workplace and role of women in the society are highly evident in her body of work. As a socialist feminist, Brenner yearns to end the exploitation of women at home, in the workplace, and in the community. Since this research found out that Angelou is regarded a socialist feminist, it is recommended to analyze other types of feminism such as eco-feminism, liberal, and radical feminism to explore other salient characteristics of feminism embedded in Angelou’s works.

Factors Influencing Quiet Quitting and Employee Commitment in Casino Gaming Workplaces: Implications for Employee Retention Strategies

Maya Angelou is one of the most inspirational African-American poets, novelists, activists, and feminists, who has also been recognized as a prominent and influential voice in literature. This study aimed to engage in an analytical investigation of socialist feminism in the select poems of Maya Angelou using biographical approach and Johannna Brenner’s socialist feminism perspective. The select poems included Woman Work, Alone, On Working White Liberals, When You Come to Me, When I Think about Myself and Caged Bird. The research method of textual analysis was used in the literary investigation of the select poems. The study revealed that Maya Angelou had a challenging and colorful life. Her range of experiences from childhood to adulthood had influenced how she wrote. Her vision and legacy as mirrored in her works especially in her poetry continue to inspire others to fight for equality of all forms in the society. It was also found out that there are a number of significant factors that aided in the development of her work as a writer and a poet. Her life experiences along with her education recreated the way she saw the world. The sociocultural environment in Arkansas during her period also contributed to her profound writings. The salient characteristics of socialist feminism of Brenner such as representation of women, images of women at home and in the workplace and role of women in the society are highly evident in her body of work. As a socialist feminist, Brenner yearns to end the exploitation of women at home, in the workplace, and in the community. Since this research found out that Angelou is regarded a socialist feminist, it is recommended to analyze other types of feminism such as eco-feminism, liberal, and radical feminism to explore other salient characteristics of feminism embedded in Angelou’s works.

A Comparative Analysis of the Consent System in Sexual Assault between China and Britain from the Perspective of Socialist Feminism

A Comparative Analysis of the Consent System in Sexual Assault between China and Britain from the Perspective of Socialist Feminism

Gender diversity on the board and investment effectiveness in the emerging market

The implementation of new gender diversity requirements has sparked significant research interest in assessing how such a commitment influences value-creation indicators (Chebri & Bahoussa, 2020). This study aims to examine the impact of gender diversity in the board of directors on the investment efficiency of listed firms in Morocco, using panel data from a sample of 36 non-financial firms listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange for the period 2014 to 2019. To accurately identify the board dimensions that determine firms’ investment efficiency, we conduct a fixed-effects regression analysis, in which a firm’s investment efficiency variables are regressed, directly and indirectly (i.e., the moderating effect of board diversity), on board attributes. This study draws on the complementary propositions of agency theory and social feminist theory. The empirical results of this study indicate that diversity not only has a positive and significant direct impact on the level of investment effectiveness but also moderates the relationship between board characteristics and investment effectiveness. This study provides empirical evidence of the moderating role of gender diversity on the effect of board structure and investment effectiveness.

Perjuangan Kesetaraan dalam Novel Fatatu As-Sajair Karya Ratih Kumala (Kajian Kritik Sastra Feminis)

Abstract: This study explains the struggle for gender equality of female figures in several of its parts. The novel Fatatu As-Sajair presents a female characters who has an influence on the development of cigarettes in Indonesia. The representation of female characters in this novel not only places women in an inferior position, but can also be in a superior position. The purpose of this study is to explain the socialist feminism contained in the novel. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method with a type of literary criticism approach, namely feminist literary criticism. The research results from the novel Fatatu As-Sajair show that the novel contains female characters fighting for gender equality by working in the clove cigarette sector.

THE IDEOLOGY OF THE UKRAINIAN WOMEN'S MOVEMENT AT THE TURN OF THE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES

Abstract
 The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the ideology of the Ukrainian women's movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, analyze the relationship between feminism and the classical ideologies of nationalism, liberalism, and socialism.
 Methodology. The study uses general scientific and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic) research methods that allowed to reveal the peculiarities of the ideology of the Ukrainian women's movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, to determine the influence of Western European feminist thought on the Ukrainian public space. The methodology of intellectual history and gender studies is also used.
 Scientific novelty. The paper generalizes and refines the definition of the concept of «feminism» as a socio-political theory, demonstrates the interconnection between the ideology of feminism and socio-political currents of nationalism, liberalism, and socialism. It highlights the priority of national-patriotic ideals in the Ukrainian women's movement over gender issues, influenced by the colonial oppression of Ukrainian lands.
 Conclusions. Summarizing the research on the ideology of the Ukrainian women's movement at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the importance of considering feminism in the context of national and gender studies is emphasized. The study underscores the relationship between feminism and nationalism, as well as points out the similarity in the perception of feminism in third-world countries and Ukrainian lands. Liberal feminism played a key role in the development of the First Wave of feminism in Ukrainian lands at the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century. The ideas of liberal feminism found expression in the analytical works of Natalia Kobrynska, defining the direction of Ukrainian feminist ideology. Supporters of socialist feminism at the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, such as Mykhailo Pavlyk and Ivan Franko, argued that the development of society and the resolution of women's issues are linked to changes in social structure. Further study of the influence of classical ideologies on the formation of Ukrainian feminist ideology at the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century is crucial.

The Representations of Socialist Feminism on Lesley Gore’s You Don't Own Me

This article exposes analysis of socialist feminism through the song of Lesley Gore entitled You Don't Own Me. Popularized in the 1960s, this song conveys the strength of a woman to fight against any dictation and to reject the wishes of men. This is in line with Clara Zetkin’s socialist feminism in which a woman must always be free from any man’s possession. Zetkin bases her thoughts on socialist concepts that emphasize equality between men and women out of any capital accumulation. By using qualitative methods, in the analysis, Gore uplifts women's dignity by rejecting any domestication and dictation done by men. Women must sound their own voices and stand up for their own rights. In conclusion, women are full of uniqueness that must not be reduced as a toy for men. Women are human beings that are never parts of the capital accumulation of men.