Goal Of Social Welfare Research Articles

Childcare regulations: A method to pursue social welfare goals?

Childcare regulations: A method to pursue social welfare goals?

From Principle to Parsimony: A Critical Analysis of New Zealand's No-Fault Accident Compensation Scheme

In 1974, the New Zealand government created the Accident Compensation Commission (ACC) to compensate citizens for all work-related and nonwork-related injuries. The scheme was designed to meet the egalitarian and social welfare goals of New Zealand's government, and replaced a tort liability system like that of the United States. The scheme served two aims: It idealized the goals of social welfare planners, and avoided what was believed to be the problems and excesses of tort liability. This paper critically examines the 25-year history of the ACC. The paper includes descriptions of the ACC's functions and failures, and analyzes the agency's performance in the light of statutory and administrative changes. This examination concludes that financial and political pressures on ACC have led failure of the present system to achieve the social justice principles of the original scheme. The essence of the failure can be seen in recent changes that have resulted in privatization of accident compensation for work-related injuries.

In Sickness and in Wealth: American Hospitals in the Twentieth Century

As the title shows, the author, currently chairman of the Department of History and Sociology of Science at the University of Pennsylvania, uses the English language well. Formerly a hospital administrator, then a policy analyst and subsequently a historian, she has studied both the British and American health care systems and has written knowledgeably about a variety of subjects relating to them. In this latest book, she describes our current hospital system, where it has come from, its characteristics, how it works, and why it does not work better. She discusses technological vs social welfare goals, characteristics of the American hospital system, and the process of change. Most physicians who work daily in hospitals fail to have this long-term broad perspective, and certainly few of us could write as well about it as Rosemary Stevens. There are chapters on charities and businesses, regulating hospitals, the case for cooperative medicine (World

Policy Options after the Demographic Transition: The Case of Taiwan

Taiwan is considered to have completed the demographic transition. In 1983 total fertility rate was 2.16 the net reproduction rate was 1 life expectancy was 70 years for men and 75 years for women and 92% of married women 35-39 years of age were current or ever users of contraception. Thus the focus of population policy is likely to shift from fertility and family planning to other issues. Various population projections suggest increases of 6-11 million by the time zero population growth is achieved in 2025-60. Taiwan has demonstrated an ability to absorb population growth; changes in the age distributions of the population are expected to have greater impact than increases in numbers. The young (under 15 years)/old (over 64 years) ratio is expected to change from 8:1 in 1983 to 1:1.4 at zero population growth necessitating a shift in expenditures from education and child welfare to health and welfare for the elderly. Employment policy will need to shift from the creation of new job opportunities for young labor force entrants to the development of employment and retraining programs for older workers and provisions for retirees. Taiwan lacks extensive nonfamilial fiscal and service systems for social security health care and specialized housing and there is potential for rapid erosion of the traditional family system unless government policy is carefully analyzed. There appears to be potential however for developing institutions under modernization that preserve the centrality of familial exchanges. Other policy issues concern urbanization population distribution and migration. The decentralized provision of health cultural and recreational facilities could retard or reverse the urban flow. The status of women in the context of Taiwans changing socioeconomic system is likely to become increasingly a subject of policy discussion. Finally the national family planning program is likely to shift its emphasis to social welfare goals.

Multiple Discount Rates for Evaluating Public Forestry Investments

The critical nature of the discount rate in public forestry investment evaluation is generally recognized, as is the philosophical conflict between the need for a high rate which reflects current economic and social realities, and a low rate which assures permanence and the attainment of long-term social welfare goals. Others have suggested a dual rate approach for solving this issue. The rationale leading to their dual-rate concept can be expanded into a multiple-rate concept. In addition, empirical evidence supports a multiple rate concept: one in which rates would be influenced by the duration of investment and approximated by a formula-based continuum or a multiple-step schedule. No attempt is made to set specific rates; however, there is evidence that rates above 8% are reasonable for only a decade or two, rates above 5% reasonable for durations up to approximately 50 years, and lower rates being reasonable for longer durations.

A system for evaluating social welfare programs and allocating contributed resources based on citizen input

This paper describes the development and implementation of a social welfare program evaluation system developed by a Community Council to aid the resource allocation decision process of a local United Way. The system assigns a “utility” measure to each program based on how the program satisfies the long-term social welfare goals of the community adjusted for the effect of short range, time dependent criteria affecting the region. Data for the processes described was obtained by quantifying the subjective feelings of the individual members of the Community Council. The results have been accepted by the United Way Organization and are currently being used to assist in the planning and resource allocation functions of the fund.

The university and community mental health: a new trend?

Community psychiatry is neither a simple social control system nor one that is expanding. Rather, it is a system that may well he retrenching and on a new institutional base, that is, the university campus. This raises questions about the emergence of a new academic medical elite and the subservience of ever larger sectors of the university to the goals of public social welfare.

How Much Social Welfare Can We Afford?

Previous articleNext article No AccessHow Much Social Welfare Can We Afford?H. L. LurieH. L. Lurie Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Social Service Review Volume 24, Number 4Dec., 1950 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/638025 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Sources of Political Power: A Contribution to the Sociology of Leadership

Despite the corruption in machine politics, the methods used by the boss in gaining power are based on sound sociopsychological principles, because most bosses rule by the consent of the people. The essential factor in boss control is an appeal to the personal loyalty and friendship of individuals made through the philanthropic work and social life of the machine and the personal contacts of the boss. Since the trouble with the boss is not that this method is wrong but rather that he is robbing one group to serve another, the social worker can strengthen his social and political influence and increase his service to the community by adapting the excellent technique of the boss to a broader goal of social welfare.