Changes In Social Structure Research Articles

Identitas Budaya Dalam Konteks Perubahan Sosial

Cultural identity which is formed in life within a society can also influence the self-perception of each member within a society. Cultural identity in a context of social change is also a symptom where there is a social structural change in cultural patterns in a society with social changes which can cause a culture in Indonesia to experience a change in it. Cultural identity is also a characteristic which can connect a communication system, but with social change itself it can also make the change occur due to an essence or basic human nature of that society.

Why Can Guangdong Province Be Located First in China Regarding the Birth Population and Total GDP? - Analysis Based on Social Structure Change

Under the guidance of the three-child policy and the 14th Five-Year Plan, China’s demographic and economic situations are changing. This paper takes Guangdong Province, which will rank first in China in terms of newborn population and GDP in 2022, as an example, and analyzes the reasons from the perspective of social structural transformation. The acceleration of urbanization has promoted the renewal of cities and attracted more population inflows. In terms of demographic structure, the increase in the proportion of young people proves that Guangdong Province has rich labor resources. In terms of group structure, the growth of the service sector has caused an increase in employee numbers, and the service industry has made significant contributions to Guangdong Province's economic development. The development of family units will increase the number of families, stimulate domestic demand, and promote economic development. On the other hand, the change in economic structure is conducive to Guangdong's economic development and attracting talent.

Resolusi Konflik Sosial Antar Siswa Kelas V Dengan Pandangan Karl Marx di SDN Langkap 02 Jember

This study discusses the resolution of social conflict between fifth grade students with the view of Karl Marx at SDN Langkap 02 Jember. Social conflict is one of the problems that commonly occur in the school environment, including at SDN Langkap 02 Jember. Social conflict between fifth grade students at the school is usually caused by the role of parents, interpersonal problems, and bullying that often occurs in school. This study aims to examine the resolution of social conflict between fifth grade students using the view of Karl Marx. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with data sources obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that the resolution of social conflict between fifth grade students at SDN Langkap 02 Jember can be done using the view of Karl Marx. Karl Marx's view of social conflict can be used to understand the causes of social conflict, as well as to develop more effective conflict resolution strategies. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that schools implement social education that is oriented towards social structure change.

Anthropology and Ethnology as Scientific Bases for Studying Folk Art: as Illustrated by French Researchers

The development of anthropology and ethnology in Europe of the late 18th century was facilitated by accumulation of practical material which provided grounds to study the human and human communities at various angles. Studies of folk art (folklore) remain relevant at present; globalization, the development of technology, mass media and communications have become factors to promote modern folklore. The works of folk art and modern folklore reflect the mentality, culture and traditions of the people, the development of language and literature, changes in social structures and values of society. The scientific basis for the study of folk art is anthropology and ethnology. The purpose of this article is to draw attention of researchers to the works of French scientists and show the range of anthropological studies concerning socio-cultural context of emergence and existence of folklore. The article presents the stages anthropology development with examples from the works of French scientists, many of which are little known in Russia. Finally, it is concluded that anthropological and ethnological approaches make it possible to study folklore and its role in the dynamics of culture and history.

Realitas Tersembunyi : Praktik Dramaturgi Mahasiswa Penerima Beasiswa KIPK

The KIP-Kuliah Scholarship is study assistance for prospective students from limited economic backgrounds with academic achievements. Online registration makes the process easier, but opens up opportunities for fraud, especially in data manipulation. This research adopts Goffman's Dramaturgy theory, viewing social interactions as performances where scholarship applicants act like actors. As well as using the perspective of Risk Society theory by Ulrich Beck, which states that risk is present in modern society as the impact of changes in technology, economics and social structure. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. This research aims to reveal the front and back stages of students receiving KIPK scholarships. The results show dramaturgical practices where some Kipk students act as incapable individuals on the front stage but live hedonistic lives on the back stage. Ironically, modernization intended to make scholarship registration easier actually carries the risk of manipulation and hedonistic behavior among students.

Assessing bidirectional longitudinal associations between changes in social network structures and cognitive decline in late life

AbstractBackgroundThe role of social networks in maintaining cognitive health is unclear, in part because few longitudinal studies have explored bidirectional associations between changes in social network structures and cognition.MethodSecondary analyses of data collected during nine waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; 2011‐2019) were conducted. Global cognition was the main outcome, but domain‐specific analyses examined episodic memory, orientation, and executive function. Linear mixed models were used to investigate longitudinal effects of neighborhood social cohesion and physical environment on cognitive decline. Dual‐outcomes models were used to examine bidirectional associations between social network structures and cognitive decline. Covariates included socioeconomic status, physical measurements, mental health, and lifestyle indicators.ResultEligible participants (N = 7,325) were recruited at baseline and followed for an average of 4.86±3.22 years. Bivariate correlations indicated that slopes of changes in social networks or participation and cognitive decline were positively correlated. Having more friend ties and a higher percentage of college graduates at baseline were associated with slower declines in global cognition and episodic memory, whereas higher global cognition at baseline was associated with smaller changes in social network size. Less disorientation at baseline was associated with a slower decline in social participation.ConclusionFindings indicate bidirectional longitudinal relationships between social network structure and cognitive decline. Social networks may improve cognitive health but are also vulnerable to cognitive decline related to disorientation.

일본에서 사회보장의 아동복지에 관한 연구

The Child Welfare Act aims to ensure the welfare of children so that they can be born healthy and grow up happily and safely. Japan's right to social security has been developed through the reorganization of various social security law-related systems, and the Child Welfare Act has also been institutionalized through various efforts to actively respond to society's demand for child welfare. Therefore, in this study, we would like to examine the Child Welfare Act among Japan's social security rights and find its implications for Korea.
 In accordance with the Child Welfare Act, Japan operates premature birth facilities, nursing care children's facilities, disabled child detention facilities, and maternal and child support facilities for pregnant women, and also introduces a foster parent system. Public involvement in the operation of facilities is high, and the role and responsibility of the state, metropolitan local governments, and basic local governments are clarified for the installation or operation of facilities and the implementation of child protection policies. In addition, in order to efficiently and integrally promote child welfare-related policies, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare established the Child and Family Office in April 2023 for child abuse and transferred it to the direct agency of the Prime Minister.
 Child welfare in Korea is similar to Japan, but there is no dedicated department that acts as a control tower to oversee child welfare because ministries are separated from child welfare targets such as the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, and the Ministry of Education. Children's guardians should raise children healthy and safe at home according to the developmental stage, and the state and local governments should take necessary measures to prevent children from being discriminated against, such as religion, property, or disability of their parents. In order to realize such child welfare, it is urgent to establish an integrated dedicated department, expand child protection facilities, and overhaul a careful and balanced system to implement effective policies suitable for changes in social structure. In this respect, the establishment of the Child and Family Agency in Japan has great implications for Korea.

The Beginning of Democracy in Eastern European Countries from the 1990s to the 2010s and Its Contemporary Crisis: Poland and the Czech Republic as Examples

In 1989, Poland and the Czech Republic almost simultaneously got rid of the socialist regime and gradually embarked on the road to Western democracy. They persisted in the global economic recession in 2008 and achieved economic leaps; however, under the impact of the refugee wave since 2011, conflicts that had been squeezed for decades broke out. For a time, populist forces were rampant in Eastern European countries. Faced with these populist forces, many people lost hope in democracy. This paper aims to present the beginning of the democratization process in Eastern European countries from the 1980s to the 1990s and the reasons for the rampant populist forces in Eastern Europe. The author believes that Eastern European society experienced triple changes in social structure, economic model, and political system at the end of the Cold War. These triple changes exacerbated the inner insecurity of the Eastern European people, and the insecurity planted the seeds of populism. The Soviet Unions long-term control in Eastern Europe led to peoples resistance to the Soviet Union and even the Russian nation. Since the second decade of the 21st century, with the arrival of the refugee waves and many other events in the international situation, this resistance against Russia rose to xenophobia, popularized by populist thoughts, used, and expanded by power. Finally, by analyzing the current status of populist parties in Eastern Europe, the author believes that these populist parties are trying to establish a contemporary nation-state with authoritarian solid rule in the 21st century.

Culling‐induced perturbation of social networks of wild geese reinforces rather than disrupts associations among survivors

Abstract Wildlife populations may be the subject of management interventions for disease control that can have unintended, counterproductive effects. Social structure exerts a strong influence over infectious disease transmission in addition to other characteristics of populations such as size and density that are the primary target for disease control. Social network approaches have been widely used to understand disease transmission in wildlife but rarely in the context of perturbations, such as culling, despite the likely impacts of such disturbance on social structure and disease dynamics. Here we present a ‘removal’ study of a free‐living population of resident Canada geese Branta canadensis, a highly social species that is frequently managed by culling and can carry pathogens relevant to human and domestic animal health. We quantified social network structure and spatial behaviour before and after controlled culling of individuals during the summer moult. Culling did not substantially increase individual social connectivity. Individuals that moulted at cull sites or were formerly strongly associated with removed birds were more likely to strengthen and maintain any surviving existing associations while also forming new associations. However, the establishment of new associations was largely compensatory (with only small increases in the number and strength of connections) and occurred locally. Synthesis and applications: Geese that survived the cull responded by strengthening existing social relationships and forming new, compensatory relationships with birds local to them in the network. In the short term, such compensatory adjustments to patterns of association in response to culling could facilitate pathogen transmission. But in the longer term, controlled culling of geese is unlikely to strongly influence pathogen spread and may even slow transmission into new social clusters by reducing wider mixing. When managing wildlife for disease control, in addition to changes in social network structure the prevalence of infection at the time of the cull and the mode of transmission (e.g. direct vs. environmental) will also be critical determinants of disease transmission risk in perturbed populations of geese and other wild animals.

From Tents to Pit Houses: A Quantitative Study of Dwelling Trends in Mesolithic Norway, 9500–4000 bc

A quantitative analysis of 150 Mesolithic dwellings in Norway, dated to between 9500 and 4000 cal bc, forms the core of a chronological and regional study based on fifteen variables, including floor size and shape, floor modifications and wall features, internal hearths, numbers and distribution of artefacts, traces of maintenance or reuse, and the number of dwellings per site. The study identifies a distinct change in dwelling traditions between the Early and Middle Mesolithic, around 8000 cal bc. Tents are typical of the Early Mesolithic, whereas remains of pit houses dominate in all later phases of the Mesolithic. The study also sheds light on variability in dwelling traditions after 8000 cal bc, which appears to relate to changes in social structure, growing territoriality, and regional differences.

Agricultural Modernization and Social Change in Farming Communities in Arokke Hamlet, Lili Riattang Village, Lappariaja District, Bone Regency

This research aims to (1) describe agricultural modernization in farming communities in Arokke Hamlet, Lili Riattang Village, Lappariaja District, Bone Regency. (2) to describe the impact of agricultural modernization on social changes in farming communities in Arokke Hamlet, Lili Riattang Village, Lappariaja District, Bone Regency. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The data collection process carried out was (1) Observation (2) Interview (3) Documentation. To more easily understand the events being studied, the author uses Talcot Parsons' Functionalism theory approach. The research results show that (1) The development of agricultural modernization in the farming community in Arokke Hamlet, Liliriattang Village is a change in agricultural procedures from traditional to more advanced or modern. Agricultural modernization itself is considered more practical, faster, and makes it easier for farmers to cultivate agricultural land from the process of cultivating rice fields to the harvesting stage. The modernization of agricultural farming in the farming community in Arokke Hamlet, Liliriattang Village is: (a) the values of modernization are the attitude of openness of the farming community towards the changes that occur. (b) agricultural organizations, namely the formation of farmer groups. (c) agricultural technology, based on research results, a form of modernization in agricultural technology is the use of agricultural tools with advanced technology. (d) community knowledge in the use of agricultural technology, agricultural modernization has good potential and opportunities for progress in the agricultural sector, but this potential must be accompanied by knowledge about agricultural modernization so that people are able to manage their agriculture well so that it has an impact on maximum final results. (2) The impact of agricultural modernization on social changes in the farming community in Arokke Hamlet, Liliriattang Village. This research shows that agricultural modernization has brought significant changes to farmers. Changes in the agricultural sector include: (a) an increase in agricultural production. (b) changes in social structure. (c) agricultural modernization also has an impact on the environment. (d) agricultural modernization causes changes in culture and values in society. (e) agricultural modernization has a positive impact on improving the community's economy.

De-industrialization and Industrialization in India during Colonial Period: An Appraisal of Theoretical Implications, Conventional Approaches and Alternative Perspective

This paper explores the context of different models of de-industrialization and industrialization, which connected to social structural change, by going through existing narratives, whether Marxist or functionalist, derived largely from the complex historical experiences of Western Europe, especially Britain, which is seated in our historical consciousness as a lens to examine various narratives of different geographical location in different set of time to set universal postulates. On closer examination of the Indian economy, this essay sets out shared assumptions, common to Marxism and functionalism with new recent research about the character of economic development as a social process, by unfurling the dynamism and complexities of socio-economic nature of the Indian economy, which offers some alternative perspective.

Identifying settlement strategy and land-use continuity of the prehistoric Şorsu Tepe in Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan

This study discusses archaeological research on the Late Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age cultures in the South Caucasus hilly flank belts, focusing on these societies' mobility and settlement strategies. The material record and site selection reflect changes in social structures. Pastoralism has played a significant role in Nakhichevan's history, but detailed records about pastoral activities, mobility patterns, and the evolution of pastoral strategies still need to be included. This study focused on Şorsu Tepe, an archaeological site in the Nakhichevan River Basin. We conducted stratigraphic excavations and sedimentological inquiries to understand the community's settlement tactics and adaptation strategies. The settlement's architectural evidence provides insights into past communities' daily practices, social structures, and organizational patterns. The geographical background of the study area, Nakhichevan, is described, emphasizing its strategic location connecting different regions. The excavation at Şorsu Tepe revealed three stratigraphic levels with distinctive phases, reflecting changing settlement strategies. This research has proposed terms like "Temporary Campsite," "Seasonal/Temporary Campsite," and "Long-term Stay/Seasonal Campsite" to describe the settlement stages. This study highlights the challenges in identifying the distinctions between nomadic and sedentary lifestyles, suggesting that the settlement at Şorsu Tepe could have served as a temporary campsite or summer pasture. In conclusion, this study underscores the significance of mobility and settlement strategies in shaping the cultures of the South Caucasus region during the Late Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age.

Barriers Faced by Australian and New Zealand Women When Sharing Experiences of Family Violence with Primary Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review.

Despite the Australian Government's attempts to reduce domestic violence (DV) incidences, impediments within the social and health systems and current interventions designed to identify DV victims may be contributing to female victims' reluctance to disclose DV experiences to their primary healthcare providers. This scoping review aimed to provide the state of evidence regarding reluctance to disclose DV incidents, symptoms and comorbidities that patients present to healthcare providers, current detection systems and interventions in clinical settings, and recommendations to generate more effective responses to DV. Findings revealed that female victims are reluctant to disclose DV because they do not trust or believe that general practitioners can help them to solve their issues, and they do not acknowledge that they are in an abusive relationship, and are unaware that they are in one, or have been victims of DV. The most common symptoms and comorbidities victims present with are sleep difficulties, substance use and anxiety. Not all GPs are equipped with knowledge about comorbidities signalling cases of DV. These DV screening programs are the most prominent intervention types within Australian primary health services and are currently not sufficiently nuanced nor sensitive to screen with accuracy. Finally, this scoping review provides formative evidence that in order for more accurate and reliable data regarding disclosure in healthcare settings to be collected, gender power imbalances in the health workforce should be redressed, and advocacy of gender equality and the change of social structures in both Australia and New Zealand remain the focus for reducing DV in these countries.

Social sustainability of aged care public-private partnership projects in China: Critical practices and realisation paths

The profound changes in China's population, economy and social structure have significantly impacted traditional home-based aged care and social welfare, leading to the emergence of Aged Care Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects for institutional care. Social sustainability is crucial for these projects as it greatly improves stakeholders' quality of life and well-being. Adoption of social sustainability practices enhances elderly and employee satisfaction, offers competitive advantages, and fosters community development. This study aimed to establish a socially sustainable development process for aged care PPP projects. A multiple case study was conducted, and an improved critical incident technique was adopted. Forty-two first-level critical practices that should be adopted by government departments, private investors and Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) at different stages in the lifecycle were identified from three main cases and seventeen parallel reference cases. Twenty-one realisation paths and a consolidated realisation path were established based on analysing the enabling relationships between critical practices. The preparation phase is pivotal, with ten of the 21 more important critical practices (i.e., critical practices that appear in all realisation paths) adopted at this phase. The behaviours and decisions of government departments played a key and decisive role, with eighteen more important critical practices adopted by them alone. This study contributes to enhancing knowledge of social sustainability in aged care. The critical practices and the realisation paths provide a complete picture of realising social sustainability of aged care PPP projects. The public and private sectors can adopt corresponding behaviours and decisions at different project stages to deliver projects successfully. The empirical data shows the applicability of stakeholder theory in social sustainability research on aged care. In addition, the results provide insights into the achievement of social sustainability of aged care projects in other countries and the understanding of social sustainability of other public service projects. However, potential biases exist in the study, arising from considering aged care PPP projects as a whole, neglecting lessons from failure cases, and subjective judgments in qualitative research.

Aging with spinal cord injury: A narrative review of consequences and challenges.

Given the increase in life expectancy, aging with a pre-existing spinal cord injury (SCI) is becoming more common. This condition is challenging as compromised health status and functional independence can worsen. We aimed to provide an updated overview of the consequences of aging with SCI, highlighting the main challenges facing this population in a narrative review of the current literature we retrieved from the PubMed database from 2000 to 2022 on any aspect related to aging in persons with SCI. Here we address adverse circumstances that increase disability and hinder an active lifestyle, such as progressive physical deterioration, secondary health conditions, limitations in personal activity, changes in family and social support structures, aging of caregivers, and depletion of economic resources. Favorable changes are also observed, including psychosocial adjustments that improve quality of life. Additionally, various interventions are discussed to promote well-being, health, and social participation. Due to the relevance of this issue, people with SCI and all those who take care of them must have up-to-date information to carry out the necessary measures to promote healthy aging in a more inclusive social environment.

Prihod k vlasti nacistov i problemy modernizacionnyh processov v Germanii: slozhivshiesya podhody v istoriografii

The article is devoted to the problem of modernization in Germany in the post-revolutionary time -the period of the Weimar Republic and the rise to power of the Nazis in their approaches to the study of these processes in historiography. The authors raise issues of changes in political, social and economic structures during the period from the November Revolution to the post-war period, indicating ongoing modernization processes.

Consideration on the Direction of Enactment of the Local Council Act

Purpose: Local autonomy was revived in 1991, and 30 years later, local councils have made a lot of progress. However, local residents' trust in local councils is not at a satisfactory level. In particular, on January 13, 2022, the entire「Local Autonomy Act」was amended to strengthen the autonomy of residents and local governments, and to secure transparency and accountability. It can be said that it is necessary to enact a local council law that can increase.
 Method: Comparison and analysis of the 'Local Council Act' proposed by Jeon Hyun-hee, former member of the 20th National Assembly in February 2018 and Lee Hae-sik, a member of the National Assembly in November 2020, which is the most representative proposal among local council laws, and refer to the Local Autonomy Act and the National Assembly Act to determine the direction of local assembly law wanted to make a suggestion.
 Results: The role of local councils is becoming more important to respond to the changing social structure and solve local problems. Therefore, it is necessary to activate local legislative activities to fulfill practical authority and roles. In other words, the direction of enactment of the Local Council Act should ensure the autonomy of the local council while at the same time strengthening its responsibility(professionalism). Therefore, it is required to secure transparency and reliability in the legislative activities of local councils and local councilors in parallel with the expansion of the authority of local councils.
 Conclusion: As matters to be considered in enacting the Local Assembly Act, first, the practical benefits of enacting the Local Assembly Act should be fully considered. If the authority and independence of the local council can be strengthened and established by supplementing the current Local Autonomy Act, the need for enactment of the Local Council Act is low. Second, the direction of strengthening the responsibility and autonomy of local councils so that the enactment of the Local Council Act can solve problems in the local community with the strengthened authority and status of the local council, improve the quality of life of local residents, and activate grassroots democracy. should be enacted as.

Social bearing of laws and their implementation with reference to irretrievable breakdown of marriage: A comparative study of laws in India and Asian countries

This research study explores the scope of introducing ‘irretrievable breakdown’ as a ground for divorce. Many developed countries have successfully introduced this ground and even removed the time limit with the passage of time for seeking a unilateral divorce. Some societies insist that if this ground is introduced, the number of divorces will increase, but it is not so. In India, a more than 10-years separation may be adopted as grounds for divorce to resolve this concern. This time period may be decreased if neither spouse has a child. The court can decide whether the marriage is ended. This is a comparative study of the laws on marriage in India and other Asian countries and their social effects. In this study, the researchers found that marriage was indissoluble in many countries a few decades ago and is now dissoluble. This paper discusses the concept of divorce and how it came into India with changes in social structure. The paper discusses the introduction of irretrievable breakdown as a ground for divorce in India. It explains the current situation of Asian countries with historical background to support the claim of this ground. Overburdened courts are not expected to look into the personal matter of the parties to the marriage. If parties to the marriage can live happily, they should choose to live peacefully, or amicable solutions can be found with their peer groups. If there is a deadlock, the parties to the marriage must restart their lives. There are certain precautions to remove the possibility of misuse of new grounds of divorce, e.g. ensuring a child's future, declaring the marriage dead by the court and not by the estranged spouses. Media can also play an essential role in saving marriages.

STRATEGI BELAJAR BERBASIS ANALISIS PSIKOLOGI DAN PENERAPAN ANTAR GENERASI

With the development of the times and the rapid flow of globalization, changes in the character of students change rapidly. Times change very quickly and develop so that generations change very quickly. There are several major differences between generations which are also caused by changes in social structure and technological advances, starting from the point of view, characteristics, and thoughts. Formal education from time to time also experienced development and change. Teachers must be able to be adaptive and also innovative which can make students have better quality. Therefore, it is important for teachers to apply appropriate learning strategies when teaching a student. If educators can properly apply learning strategies based on psychological analysis well, then this is aimed at none other than improving the quality and also the quality of humans so that life becomes better. This paper also explains that there are lines of difference in education between generations. Each generation has a different way of teaching strategies according to the era.