Social Standards Research Articles

Multi-type and fine-grained urban green space function mapping based on BERT model and multi-source data fusion

ABSTRACT Urban green space (UGS) is important to the urban ecological environment. It has physical characteristics and social function characteristics and plays an important role in urban climate change, sustainable development goals (SDG) and residents’ health. However, existing researches mostly focus on the extraction of UGS physical features, neglecting the importance of UGS social functions, resulting in the unresolved problem of multi-type and fine-grained functional mapping of UGS. Therefore, based on natural language processing (NLP) and multi-source data fusion, this paper proposes a multi-type and fine-grained UGS function mapping method. First, the social functional standards of UGS have been re-established, with a total of 19 categories. Second, the semantic information in the POI data name text is extracted using the deep learning model, and the reclassification of the UGS type of POI data is realized. Then, combined with multi-source data, 18 types of UGS are extracted. Finally, combining multi-source data to extract urban road green spaces (GS), a fine-grained UGS functional map of Shanghai is created. The results show that the overall accuracy rate of the method is 93.6%, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.93, which proves that the method has good performance in large-scale spatial UGS classification.

SOCIAL SECURITY OF THE CITY: CONTENT, IMPACT FACTORS AND EVALUATION INDICATORS

The article focuses on the importance of developing the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of the city's social security management. It was emphasized that cities play a significant role in the growth of the national economy and the socio-economic development of regions, being centers of productive forces cultivation, engines of innovative changes in the economy and the life of the population, centers of education, culture and art. At the same time, they can accumulate problems related to ensuring the social and economic security of their residents. This article reveals the content of national security according to Ukrainian legislation, the essence of the state's economic security and social security as its integral part. The approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «social security of the region» have been analyzed. A conclusion was made about the insignificant number of definitions of the category «social security of the city» in the scientific literature. The content of the term «social security of the city» is proposed to be understood as the state of development of the city's economy and social sphere, achieved by building effective management subsystems (economic, social, environmental), that ensure the social interests and social needs of the city's residents, their quality of life at the level of the relevant state social standards. The set of factors affecting the level of social security of the city is divided into four groups in the article: economic, financial, social and environmental. It is recommended to form a set of social security indicators for defined groups. Examples of indicators for assessing the level of social security are given. It is proposed to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the level of social security of the city by calculating an integral indicator. To do this, using the method of expert evaluation, it is necessary to establish weighting coefficients for the selected indicators and determine reference or limit values for each indicator and, on their basis (using the selected methodology), calculate the integral indicator of social security of the city.

Illegitimacy and Laws in Wilkie Collins’s The Woman in White and No Name

Victorian sensation novels, in addition to their scandalous topics such as fraud, murder, adultery, bigamy, and madness, refer to Victorian laws and their construction by social and cultural standards. As a significant sensation novelist, one of the most important subjects Wilkie Collins calls for attention is illegitimacy, a social, political, and literary topic he recurrently employs in his fiction. In his novels The Woman in White (1860) and No Name (1862), he dwells on this issue, motivating the characters’ crimes and scandalous acts. In both novels, illegitimate characters act illegally to reconstruct their identities by challenging Victorian norms especially about illegitimacy. Concerning his life and his critique of Victorian laws and moral certitudes, this paper explores how Wilkie Collins employs and questions the theme of illegitimacy about crime, sensations, and social and legal problems that influence illegitimate children. After briefly examining illegitimacy and laws about it in Victorian England, it explores how the concept of illegitimacy is shaped and influenced by Victorian conventions and gender ideologies in the two novels.

When young customers co-create value of AI-powered branded app: the mediating role of perceived authenticity

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) allows the brand to co-create value with young customers through mobile apps. However, as many brands claim that their mobile apps are using the most updated AI technology, young customers face app fatigue and start questioning the authenticity of this touchpoint. This paper aims to study the mediating effect of authenticity for the value co-creation of AI-powered branded applications.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from regulatory engagement theory, this study conceptualize authenticity as the key construct in customers’ value experience process, which triggers customer value co-creation. Two scenario-based online experiments are conducted to collect data from 444 young customers. Data analysis is performed using ANOVA and Process Hayes.FindingsThe results reveal that perceived authenticity is an important mediator between media richness (chatbot vs AI text vs augmented reality) and value co-creation. There is no interaction effect of co-brand fit (high vs low) and source endorsement (doctor vs government) on the relationship between media richness and perceived authenticity, whereas injunctive norms (high vs low) strengthen this relationship.Practical implicationsThe finding provides insights for marketing managers on engaging young customers suffering from app fatigue. Authenticity holds the key to young customers’ technological perceptions.Originality/valueThis research highlights the importance of perceived authenticity in encouraging young customers to co-create value. Young customers consider authenticity as a motivational force experience that involves customers through the app’s attributes (e.g. media richness) and social standards (e.g. norms), rather than brand factors (e.g. co-brand fit, source endorsement).

ESG trends in Russia: Assessment, prospects and relations with stakeholders

Subject. The article addresses corporate governance, compliance with social and environmental standards. Objectives. The focus is on assessing the impact of sustainable development policy on economic performance. Methods. We apply methods of systems, comparative, structural, and logical analyses. Results. The paper established that compliance with the principles of sustainable development increases the company value, its competitiveness and investment appeal. Conclusions. In today's economic environment, the transition from "capitalism of business owners" to "stakeholder capitalism" is relevant for companies.

Healthcare Social Workers' Scope of Practice during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic pushed the U.S. healthcare system to its limits, resulting in the need for flexibility in care delivery. This study aimed to describe healthcare social workers' scope of practice since the start of the pandemic. Semi-structured interviews for this qualitative study were conducted using the Zoom platform between July and August 2020. This study used a basic qualitative content analysis with integrated deductive and inductive coding to explore participant perspectives. Their scope was assessed based on healthcare social work practice standards. Four practice standards and eight themes that emerged from the data were knowledge and skills (care planning and intervention and social worker-patient relationship), workload sustainability (workload expansion and workload facilitators), interdisciplinary collaboration (collaborating beyond the scope of responsibilities and collaboration challenges), and cultural competency (institutional and societal). The findings add a deeper understanding of the roles social workers perform, how they think about these roles, how they want to be understood, and how they are best utilized in ways consistent with their training and expertise. Moving forward, healthcare systems may consider well-delineated roles and responsibilities for everyday practice and during pandemics.

Legal Protection For Doctors in Running A Practice

Purpose: Legal problems that may arise as a result of using hospital services when a general practitioner is on call to carry out medical procedures that are the rights of the treating doctor. This article aims to determine the practice of implementing health law in relation to the protection of doctors who carry out daily practice in Indonesia. This article also reviews deviations in health law in relation to medical practice in Indonesia. In the end, the author intends to offer and provide solutions to problems and irregularities in the implementation of health law in medical practice so it is hoped that this article can become a reference in increasing compliance with health law, especially regarding the protection of doctors when carrying out medical practice. Theoretical Framework: Legal protection is something an effort to protect individual interests by allocating a human right of power to the individual to be able to act in the context of those interests. Legal protection is basically protection given to legal subjects in the form of legal instruments. Doctors who carry out their profession have the right to receive legal protection as regulated in Article 50 of Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. Hospitals are obliged to provide legal protection to doctors who work in their hospitals in accordance with the hospital's obligations as regulated in Article 29 paragraph (1) letter (s) of Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals. In Indonesia, laws and regulations do not yet clearly regulate legal protection for doctors. Method: This study uses normative legal methods supported by literature reviews from national and scientific journals international. The main focus of the subject is law, which is understood as social standards or regulations that guide everyone's behavior. Results: The research results show that as long as doctors follow standard operating procedures in their practice, they are allowed to carry out medical procedures to save lives in emergencies. Professional standards refer to a set of minimum competencies (knowledge, abilities, and attitudes) that a doctor must possess. Conclusions: Legal protection for medical professionals practicing in hospitals is necessary to ensure that the health services offered comply with medical standards and medical ethics. At the same time, improving health service standards needs to be supported by providing a supportive work environment for doctors.

Transnational governance standards in ensuring sustainable development and operation of hydropower projects in transboundary basins

The notion of “transnational” law encompasses a sophisticated corpus of globally applicable rules, standards and safeguards, often informal in origin, which are widely accepted around the world and supported across a range of business sectors and civil society constituencies. The recent proliferation of such “transnational” law extends to the hydropower sector, where normative standards and safeguards increasingly apply to promote and certify sustainable practices in the development and operation of hydropower projects. Such projects are associated with significant environmental and social impacts and the projected increase in hydropower investments, mainly in emerging economies, will require effective supplemental regulatory tools. Many such projects will be located in, or impact upon, international rivers, thereby adding a further layer of complexity regarding their effective regulation and increased the risk of inter-State disputes over the equitable use of shared waters. Such complexity and risk will be exacerbated by increased uncertainty due to climate change. Thus, the existence of widely accepted transnational standards, which are relevant and applicable to hydropower development globally, can play a key role in building trust between watercourse States and in promoting greater transboundary water cooperation. This article explores the potential role of transnational standards in improved regulation of environmental and social impacts associated with hydropower projects located on international watercourses and the extent to which such standards cohere with established and emerging requirements of international water law. It thus examines the synergies arising between these informal and formal regulatory frameworks with a view to developing a better understanding of their interaction in practice. In so doing, it focuses on two key categories of applicable transnational regime: a sustainability certification and labeling scheme dedicated to hydropower projects and operated by the Hydropower Sustainability Council; and MDB environmental and social safeguard standards imposed upon major water-related projects, including hydropower projects, particularly those adopted by the World Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).

THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL AUDIT IN THE CONTEXT OF ESTABLISHING SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP

Thus, rapidly changing global economies realize not only the importance of financial success, but also the importance of social responsibility. We believe that social audits play a crucial role in determining whether organizations uphold ethical, social or environmental standards. The role of social audit is key in promoting business responsibility, ensuring compliance with ethical, environmental and social standards, guaranteeing not only the long-term sustainability of business income, but also the well-being of public target groups. If we consider the issue in the scope of the development of the trade unions' abilities within the social partnership in RA, then it is necessary to form teams of experts, including the representatives of the state, employers or the community.

БОРЩ ЯК ФОЛЬКЛОРНИЙ НАРАТИВ, АБО ЧОМУ БОРЩ - УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ

Background. Investigated here are historical data on the most earliest mentions of the recipe and technology of preparing borshch as a culinary dish and as a cultural narrative which retransmits information about mythological representations, ritual practices, festive customs and everyday standards of the ethno-subject. The object of the article is different folklore genres and some units of russian-language content, data from folklore expeditions, as well as information, learned by the authors of the article through direct transmission. Methods. The use of system-categorical and structural-semiotic approaches made it possible to analyze the syncretic folklore text "borshch" as a certain model of ethnic stereotypes and social standards. The comparative method was applied when comparing Ukrainian and russian folklore genres. Results. Research attention is focused on finding out the cognitive characteristics of the folklore narrative "borshch" through the identification of its functional and semantic parameters. Conclusions. Contextual data, among which gender stratification, time continuum, method of preparation and consumption, give a possibility to show the ritual semantics or the physiological pragmatics of the traditional Ukrainian dish. The information obtained from all ethnographic regions of Ukraine proves the nationwide nature of the cultural phenomenon "borshch" in its variety, formed historically. "Lexical" variability is expressed in the replacement of ingredients with their counterparts ("synonyms"), which does not affect the constancy of the general content of the narrative. Content variability, which indicates certain worldview changes, is associated with the narration of the texts of everyday life or different celebrations. As the folk ritual cycle has been partially desacralized, narrators do not always connect the tradition of cooking and eating borshch with the ancient custom of sacrifice. The publication is somewhat polemical in nature, as it is aimed at refuting the unjustified encroachments of the aggressor country on the autochthonous cultural text of the Ukrainians, as confirmed by UNESCO.

Sustainability implications of establishing a circular European supply chain of battery materials

The increasing number of electric vehicles worldwide leads to strategic challenges in designing battery supply chains. More sites for raw material extraction, battery production, and recycling will be needed to fulfill the future battery demand and the legislative goals regarding recycling rates, recycled content, CO2-limits, and social standards from the European Union for sustainable batteries. Battery manufacturers must also design their supply chains cost-efficiently to compete with non-European battery manufacturers. The environmental and socio-economic impacts of supply chains depend significantly on the supply chain design, which is expected to change in the upcoming years. Therefore, this study aims to investigate battery supply chains in the status quo and 2035 regarding all three sustainability dimensions using the life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA). The status quo is modelled based on current market shares and without circular supply chains. For 2035, circularity is added with secondary materials in the production and more European-centered supply chains by moving the cell production and the recycling fully to Europe. The results provide insights into the design of sustainable battery supply chains. They highlight that moving a big part of the supply chains to Europe has a more significant influence on the environmental, social, and economic impacts than the circularity of materials. However, the results depend on the current supply chain design and future developments of products and processes as well as the electricity mix.

Advanced Sustainability Action Plan: Supporting manufacturing SMEs on a sustainability pathway

The manufacturing industry faces numerous challenges: increasing energy and material costs, limited resources availability, customers’ and legal requirements on product quality, climate action, social standards. An example for a political and regulative push is the European Green Deal and the Industry 5.0 strategy announced by the European Commission, which requires manufacturing enterprises to take actions to improve sustainability. Especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs) require support to identify potentially suitable actions to implement.This paper proposes a guided decision support method for SMEs to help them on the sustainability pathway. With a multi-step procedure, the current status of a specific company regarding sustainability actions, their development goals, challenging fields of action, plans and interests in application of advanced technologies and social or environmental services can be identified. Starting from a questionnaire-based self-assessment, relevant fields of actions are derived and potential advanced technologies, social innovations and environmental services are identified. The developed approach combines evaluation of the assessment results, as well as online workshops with SMEs to refine the obtained information, align the suggested set of actions with needs of the companies and prioritize them. As result of this procedure, participating SMEs receive an advanced sustainability action plan (ASAP), which helps them to prioritize available measures to implement on their individual sustainability pathway. The ASAP has been implemented for 41 companies within an online community hub system designed to match and join technology and service providers with manufacturing SMEs. "Processes and Production system" was identified as the most important action field for 41% of SMEs, highlighting the need for efficiency improvement in production processes.

Social Norm Awareness and Norm Compliance in Online Games

Online games are one of the most popular information systems in the world, with over 2 billion users worldwide. Most users follow the social norms and standards of behavior in online games, but some violate social norms, negatively affecting others’ gameplay experiences and weakening loyalty to the game. The social norms in games and other online environments often differ from the social norms in the real world, so are users who violate norms doing so deliberately or are they unaware of the norms? Our results suggest that many users violate social norms because they do not understand them—about a third of the 1,093 participants in our study reported being unsure of the social norms in an online game they played regularly. Greater experience with a game did not significantly increase social norm awareness. Instead, perceptions of social presence, and learning routines (i.e., community learning and instructional support) influenced social norm awareness, which in turn influenced norm compliance. Thus, a technology’s social affordances, social presence, and learning routines are more important than experience using a technology in helping users become aware of and comply with social norms.

What role for emergency basic income in building and strengthening rights‐based universal social protection systems?

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic there were a great many social protection policy responses. There were also calls for emergency basic income (EBI) to be adopted as a mitigation response. However, it seems that only one country adopted an EBI. Nonetheless, EBI is likely to feature in future policy discussion and action, especially as a crisis‐mitigation tool. This has implications for the future of rights‐based social protection. Consequently, this article aims to examine whether EBI would comply with international social security standards and whether it could contribute to building and strengthening rights‐based universal social protection systems.

The growth of social work in palliative and end-of-life care in the United States: how did we get here?

A historical look back at the 'beginnings' of palliative social work in the United States provides a lens through which to view current areas of focus and future trends in hospice and palliative care with the objective of emphasizing the need for equitable practice approaches. The background and formative efforts to establish palliative social work in the United States as a specialty field of practice were scaffolded by the Project on Death in America, Open Society Institute's Social Work Leadership Development Award Program, and two Social Work Leadership Summits on End-of-Life and Palliative Care, which help to explain how we got here. In the development of the social work role in providing palliative and end-of-life care for individuals who are seriously ill and their families, several important functions unfolded naturally as part of our practice repertoire as professionals. Practitioners, researchers, advocates, policy developers, and more have advanced the field and strengthened palliative social work, especially as the profession addresses inequities and promotes quality of life. Social workers' administrative reports, academic literature, professional standards and educational programs, assessment tools, and evidence-informed practice interventions contribute to illuminating the roles that social workers have on interdisciplinary palliative care teams, while emphasizing the importance of leadership development. Social workers in palliative and end-of-life care are on a firm ground from which to move forward into the ever-evolving future of providing essential quality care at such a critical time in life.

The Comparison of Impact of UNGC and the Paris Agreement on the financial sustainability of Various Industries globally

This study researches the impact of the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) on financial sustainability across various industries and states worldwide, a topic of significant global discourse. As sustainable development goals increasingly shape the modern economy, actors at different levels of the global community are ensuring Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards. However, the economic crises of the past decade have intensified competition among states. By using an event study model, specifically the Cumulative Average Abnormal Returns (CAAR) approach, this research analyzes the diverse impacts of the Paris Agreement and the UNGC on financial sustainability. It examines how these agreements affect developed versus developing states, and ecologically sensitive versus non-sensitive industries, and assesses whether the Paris Agreement has a stronger impact than the UNGC. Furthermore, this paper engages in a discourse on the influence of ESG on financial sustainability, highlighting associated challenges and potential solutions.

МІСЦЕ ОПЛАТИ ПРАЦІ В КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СОЦІАЛЬНО ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОГО БІЗНЕСУ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРА ЕКОНОМІКИ

In the current context of globalization and growing demands for corporate transparency, the issue of fair pay is becoming not only an ethical obligation, but also an essential factor for maintaining the stability and competitiveness of agribusiness. Therefore, studying the place of remuneration in the system of social responsibility allows us to better understand how the integration of social responsibility principles into management practices can help increase the efficiency and strengthen the reputation of agricultural enterprises. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach that allows for a comprehensive study of the role of remuneration in the system of socially responsible business in the agricultural sector of the economy, as well as a dialectical method that provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between social responsibility, fair remuneration and corporate practices. This approach contributes to a detailed study of the reflection of information on labor remuneration in the company’s reporting in the context of ensuring transparency and compliance with social and ethical standards. The research methods are used in interconnection and interdependence, which allows for accurate and comprehensive results. The study provides a comparative analysis of the average monthly wage in Ukraine with European countries, which emphasizes the existing economic inequalities. The dynamics of changes in wages in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in comparison with other sectors of the economy is studied. The features of disclosure of information on labor remuneration in the financial and integrated reporting of enterprises are characterized. The experience of leading companies in implementing the principle of social responsibility in the agricultural sector through disclosure of information on fair wages and compliance with ethical standards in integrated reporting is analyzed. It is established that transparency in disclosing information on remuneration is an important factor in ensuring trust among stakeholders and meets the modern requirements of ethical business standards.

Unveiling the Dynamic Social Work Education Landscape in Albania

Social work has little tradition as an academic or professional path in most post-communist countries. The need for well-trained social workers is grave in all of these societies, with Albania being no exception. The aim of this paper is to review the current plans of study of the major three departments of social work in Albania using as benchmarks the Global Standards of Quality of Social Work Education and the Albanian Credit Framework. For the purposes of this paper a content analysis of the curriculum and the detailed syllabi was employed. This analysis revealed the following themes: (1) the nature of the curriculum in relation to global social work education quality standards (2) possible bottlenecks of the three curricula related to the Albanian Credit Framework and (3) compatibility level among the three curricula in the framework of the Bologna process. Results showed a satisfying level of adaptation of social work curricula with Global Standards of Quality of Social Work Education, with a reasonable division among theoretical courses of different orientations in the core theoretical curriculum. However, field practice hours were much less than the required ones, but the current Albanian Credit Framework created a bottleneck in relation to it, because it sets limits and hampers the universities in adapting and implementing the international best practices of 170-200 field placement days. It is suggested to systematically benchmark all three curricula to the Global Standards of Quality of Social Work Education and to create space for the field practice for professions like social work.

Inside the Black Box of Divisive Concepts and Difficult History: Introducing a Typology of Collective Trauma in Social Studies Education

Trauma studies scholars emphasize naming or acknowledging trauma to promote healing. In response to the recent political and curricular whiplash in the Commonwealth of Virginia, this paper investigates the prevalence and nature of traumagenic events in Virginia’s social studies standards. Data analysis suggests that conceptual insights from trauma studies literature are broadly applicable in the study of traumagenic events in social studies. The findings foreground the role of positionality in the study of traumagenic events and highlight the importance of active verbs and visible actors in acknowledging both trauma and healing in the standards. This paper concludes with a typology for examining collective trauma in social studies curricula and beyond.

International labor market in the conditions globalization and digitalization: trends and perspectives

The article examines the essence of the international labor market and emphasizes that the international labor market in the context of the development of the modern information and communication paradigm is at the stage of changing the structure, demand and supply of human capital. It is noted that the development and deepening of the international division of labor, the strengthening of the innovative component of modern international business directly affect the functioning of the international labor market. The movement of goods, services, capital, and information flows leads to the movement of human capital, as well as to the growth of labor migration. World economic theories regarding the functioning of the international labor market are considered. At the same time, it is noted that there is no unified view on the definition of the international labor market and measures to improve it. It was concluded that when interpreting the definition of «international labor market», it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities and specifics of human resources, as well as the emergence of new forms and types of employment in the conditions of globalization and digitalization of the world economic space. An analysis of economic concepts and theories regarding the need for state intervention in employment and migration processes has been carried out. The key factors influencing the functioning and development of the international labor market are analyzed. It was noted that the development of information and communication technologies caused the creation of new forms and types of employment, increased flexibility and mobility of labor resources. The processes of globalization and digitalization contribute to the strengthening of the openness of national labor markets and the creation of barrier-free movement of labor resources. The impact of digitization of all spheres of economic life on the growth of leading international companies' demand for intelligent and qualified personnel, who are ready to experiment, make creative, innovative decisions and learn throughout their lives, was also investigated. Acute issues related to the departure of highly qualified personnel from countries with a low level of economic development to countries with a high level of economic development are analyzed. It is noted that this situation leads to the washing away of labor potential in human capital exporting countries, a decrease in economic and social labor standards, as well as a decrease in financial reserves for the formation of the budget of the labor donor country. The influence of the demographic factor on the development of the international labor market is considered. It was concluded that the structure and number of labor resources by region of the world is quite varied. It was determined that in countries with a high level of economic development, there are trends to a decrease in the birth rate, as well as to an increase in indicators: life expectancy, quality of life, the share of labor migrants in the total number of working population. It is noted that in the conditions of socio-economic transformations associated with digitalization, structural and sectoral changes are taking place in the world economy, and in particular, in the international labor market.