Social Self-esteem Research Articles

The Impact of Narrative Therapy with Creative Drama On Orphan Children Self Esteem

AbstractThe present paper is a quasi-experimental research and uses pre-test and post-test method with control group. The tool used in this paper in the pre-test and post-test stages is Cooper Smith's Self-Esteem Questionnaire. Sub-scales include educational self-esteem, family self-esteem, physical self-esteem, and social self-esteem. In this paper, group narrative therapy was held in eight weekly sessions for 90 minutes and 15 participants. The statistical universe comprises all 10-14 years old girls of Torkaman Welfare Organization in District 17 of Tehran. Multi-stage random sampling method was used in this paper. All these girls were given Cooper Smith's self-esteem test. From among the girls who had lower self-esteem, 15 girls were selected randomly as the test group and 13 ones were selected as control group. This paper has used t-student test, Levine F test for equality of variances, box test for model goodness of fit, covariance test for calculating the effect between the subjects in two control and test groups.The main result of this paper indicates that narrative therapy has a significant effect on general self-esteem, social self-esteem, and physical self-esteem; but it has no significant effect on family self-esteem and educational self-esteem.

퇴직 남성의 여가스포츠 참여에 따른 사회적지지, 자아존중감 및 행복의 관계

퇴직 남성의 여가스포츠 참여에 따른 사회적지지, 자아존중감 및 행복의 관계

Comparison of Self-Esteem Among First to Fourth Year Nursing Students From Universities of Medical Sciences in Tehran

Results: The results showed that the overall mean score of self-esteem (P = 0.3), and personal (P = 0.3), social (P = 0.5), parental self-esteem (P = 0.5) in the first and fourth year students did not differ statistically. The first and fourth year students presented the highest levels of social self-esteem. Fourth year students showed the highest academic and parental self-esteem compared to students in other academic years. In addition, the variables of grade point average (P = 0.02), residence (P = 0.003), family economic status (P = 0.001) and marital status (P = 0.04) had a statistically significant influence on students’ self-esteem. Conclusions: Given the undeniable relationship between self-esteem and interpersonal ability to interact, as an inseparable component of effective care process, assessing and identifying factors associated with nursing students is a valuable step in improving the quality of nursing care provided in a future career of this major segment of the community.

Effects of "face" consciousness on status consumption among Chinese consumers: perceived social value as a mediator.

Chinese consumers are interested in status consumption, i.e., in striving to enhance their social standings through the consumption of luxury products. This study investigates how face consciousness, one's social self-esteem, and desire to be respected influences status consumption behavior in China. The Consciousness of Social Face Scale, the Social Value Scale, and the Status Consumption Scale were administered to 192 MBA students from a university in east China (117 men, 69 women, 6 unreported sex). The results revealed that face consciousness was positively related to Chinese consumers' status consumption. Moreover, the results showed that the effects of face consciousness on status consumption were partly mediated by consumer social value. The findings highlight the importance of face consciousness in understanding Chinese consumer behaviors.

Development and validation of the Multidimensional Offline and Online Peer Victimization Scale

Peer victimization can seriously impair one’s well-being. As youth spend more time on the Internet, a new form of peer victimization has emerged, namely, online peer victimization. To fully comprehend peer victimization among today’s youth, there is a need for a psychometrically sound measure that can assess peer victimization occurring both offline and online. In addition, research has shown that it is also important to distinguish between direct and indirect peer victimization. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and validate the Multidimensional Offline and Online Peer Victimization Scale (MOOPV). The MOOPV measures how often adolescents experience direct and indirect forms of offline and online peer victimization. The four-factor structure of the MOOPV was confirmed using exploratory (n=325) and confirmatory factor analyses (n=799) among adolescents aged 9–18years. As expected, higher scores on all subscales were related to lower levels of psychosocial wellbeing, i.e., less life satisfaction, more loneliness and less social self-esteem. In all, the 20-item MOOPV proved to be a valid, reliable and highly useful instrument. Importantly, because the MOOPV is not linked to specific technologies, it will remain viable even after new technologies for online communication become available.

Estime de soi chez des élèves scolarisés en classe d’inclusion scolaire (CLIS)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to analyze self-esteem development of disabled pupils schooled in an inclusive classrooms (CLIS). Recent laws emphasize the importance of disabled people's inclusion in ordinary places. Concerning primary school, this is materialized by CLIS which are classes hosting disabled children in an ordinary school. In this configuration, disabled pupils must have inclusion time in another classroom of the school, in an individual way (a pupil joins another classroom) and/or in a collective way (the CLIS joins another classroom). Those inclusions would deliver pedagogic, educational and personal benefits. Specifically, concerning personal benefits, CLIS would give to these pupils possibility to feel appreciated. To our knowledge, no study has focused on the impact of type of inclusion applied in CLIS on self-esteem levels of disabled children; while this seems to be a substantial factor in self-esteem modulation. The inclusion applied even individual and/or collective, the age and gender of pupils are they factors suspected to guide self-esteem? We focus on the Harter model (1986) related to multidimensional and hierarchic self-esteem. We also refer to Martinot (2002) who develops different self-esteem protection strategies and to the Marsh model (1987) concerning the “Big fish little pond effect”. Methods and populationForty pupils with cognitive troubles schooled into six CLIS (20 girls and 20 boys), aged 7 to 12years old (A=10.15; SD=2.08), filled the French version of the Harter questionnaire (1985): Self Perception Profile for Children translated by Pierrehumbert, Plancherel and Jankech-Caretta (1987). Forty-five percent of the pupils are individually included, 37.5 % are collectively included and 17.5 % are both included individually and collectively. ResultsOur results reveal that pupils individually included and with both inclusions have a social self-esteem higher that those who are only collectively included. Social self-esteem is modulated by the effect of interaction between age and gender. The age of the pupils is influencing the global self-esteem. ConclusionResults underline the weight of social comparison in self-esteem structure of pupils schooled in CLIS. Those who seek to maintain favored status in order to valorize themselves, which seems to be feasible by individual inclusion. Considering these results would directly influence the daily practice of professionals close to these pupils.

The Effects of Social Status and Self-Esteem on Imitation and Choice of a Popular Peer

This study addressed the role of influencer and influencee peer status in social influence of status-unrelated behaviours among emerging adults, while disentangling two forms of peer status, being liked (preference) and being powerful (popularity). Peer influence was examined in 67 women (M age = 20.5 years, SD = 2.1 years) using an experimental design. Popularity of the influencers and influencees (participants), as well as influencees’ preference and self-esteem were considered. Peer influence was measured through imitation of status-unrelated behaviours and task partner choice. In both tasks, influencees moved away from, rather than towards, a popular peer. Popular young women with low self-esteem were most likely to imitate a popular peer. Unpreferred young women with high self-esteem were least likely to imitate a popular peer. The findings demonstrate that the role of peer status in social influence processes is not limited to adolescence, and that the peer status of influencers and the influencees continues to affect social influence on status-unrelated behaviour in emerging adulthood.

The Investigation of Social Anxiety Disorder, Depressive Symptoms and Self-Esteem, and its Effects on Autobiographical Memory Retrieval.

The Investigation of Social Anxiety Disorder, Depressive Symptoms and Self-Esteem, and its Effects on Autobiographical Memory Retrieval.

CBT group treatment for depression

AbstractThe effect of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is well-documented for individual interventions for depression. Studies of group interventions for depression using CBT principles are more sparse. Hence the reason for this naturalistic study that reviews the results of a short term 12-session manualized CBT group intervention offered in an inpatient setting at the Specialized Treatment Unit for Depression and Anxiety at the Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, over a 5-year period. The aim of the study was the treatment and relapse prevention of depressive symptoms by teaching patients cognitive behavioural therapeutic methods. The manual deviated only slightly from Melanie Fennell's treatment model. Sixty-two patients were referred and 48 participated, 45 of these had been inpatients with moderate to severe major depression admitted to the ward with a depressive episode or recurrent depressive episodes of at least 2 weeks and up to 2 years’ duration. So far the results are promising, measured by the decrease in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) score at session 12 [mean BDI-II score at baseline: 30.7 (s.d.= 9.9); post-treatment: 20.4 (s.d.= 12.6),p<0.0001], relapse was measured by the rate of readmissions compared to data published in a previous register-based study on Danish patients with unipolar depression, which showed significantly lower rates of readmission in our sample (p= 0.003) and patients’ self-reported improvement, indicating that treatment in groups can be recommended, although a 12-session programme may have to be extended for people with more complex and longstanding personality impairments and recurring depression. Secondary gains not originally intended, but pointed out in patient feedback, were the strengthening of social skills and self-esteem.

Distraction osteogenesis versus orthognathic surgery for the treatment of maxillary hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate patients: a systematic review.

To compare the effectiveness of distraction osteogenesis to orthognathic surgery for the treatment of maxillary hypoplasia in individuals with cleft lip and palate. A systematic review of prospective randomized, quasi-randomized or controlled clinical trials. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, CENTRAL, trial registers and grey literature were searched. Hand searching of five relevant journals was completed. Two reviewers independently completed inclusion assessment. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were completed by a single reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Five publications all reporting different outcomes of a single randomized controlled trial are included within the review. The quality of the evidence was low with a high risk of bias. Both surgical interventions produce significant soft tissue improvement. Horizontal relapse of the maxilla was statistically significantly greater following orthognathic surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in speech and velo-pharyngeal function between the interventions. Maxillary distraction initially lowered social self-esteem, but this improved with time resulting in higher satisfaction with life in the long term. The low quality of evidence included within the review means there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether there is a difference in effectiveness between maxillary distraction and osteotomy for the treatment of cleft-related maxillary hypoplasia. There is a need for further high-quality randomized controlled trials to allow conclusive recommendations to be made.

Benefits of belonging: Experimental manipulation of social inclusion to enhance psychological and physiological health parameters

Objective: Acute changes in social belonging are important triggers for alterations in health and well-being, yet research has emphasised the negative effects of ‘exclusion’ at the expense of evaluating the potentially positive effects of ‘inclusion’. This study examined the impact of acute belonging on physiological and psychological outcomes.Design and main outcome measures: A healthy population (N = 138) were randomly allocated to ‘included’ or ‘excluded’ conditions. Condition-dependent differences in pre/during-task heart rate and pre/post-task self-reports of negative/positive mood, and social self-esteem, were assessed.Results: Included participants showed decreased heart rate and negative mood, and increased social self-esteem. No inclusion-related change in positive mood was shown. An increase in heart rate was observed in excluded participants though no changes in negative/positive mood or social self-esteem were shown. Shifts in social self-esteem acted as a mechanism through which inclusion/exclusion impacted upon negative and positive mood alterations. Results remained significant in presence of covariates (sex, global self-esteem, rumination and social anxiety).Conclusion: Findings suggest that acting to enhance belonging through ‘inclusion’ resulted in adaptive physiological and psychological outcomes. Neutral and potentially protective responses were observed in the immediate aftermath of ‘exclusion’. Self-esteem served as one route through which these effects were transmitted.

뇌졸중 환자의 사회적 지지, 자아존중감 및 재활동기가 일상생활 수행능력에 미치는 영향

뇌졸중 환자의 사회적 지지, 자아존중감 및 재활동기가 일상생활 수행능력에 미치는 영향

Predicting Adult Offending Behavior for Individuals Who Experienced a Traumatic Brain Injury During Childhood

To examine whether individuals who experienced a childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk for subsequent offending behavior, to identify the emotional characteristics of adults who experienced childhood TBI, and to examine whether these predict offending behavior. Individuals from the Canterbury region who had experienced a childhood (<18 years of age) injury event and were now 18 years or older and more than 5 years postinjury (between 18 and 30 years of age). Three groups were formed: (1) moderate/severe TBI (n = 62); (2) mild TBI (n = 58); and (3) fracture control group (n = 38). University of Canterbury. A semistructured interview assessed lifetime involvement in offending behavior; the Emotional Behavior Scale measured internalizing and externalizing behaviors, including malevolent aggression, social anxiety, and social self-esteem. Compared with controls, there was an increased risk of offending behavior (mild TBI: odds ratio = 8.7; moderate/severe TBI odds ratio = 20.4). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the strongest predictors of offending behavior were TBI status, higher levels of malevolent aggression, and age at injury. Individuals who experienced childhood TBI are at increased risk of offending behavior. Emotional behavior measures were useful predictors of offending behavior, offering opportunity for intervention.

Music therapy and children with a language impairment: Some examples of musical communication in action

Children with a Language Impairment frequently experience additional difficulties with social interaction, emotional regulation and self-esteem. This article illustrates some ways in which music therapy addresses these secondary effects of language impairment, using examples from small group music therapy with two boys aged 5 years with Mixed Expressive-Receptive Language Disorder. Improvised drum games (non-verbal interaction), kazoo-vocalization (quasi-verbal interaction) and the therapist’s musical/verbal narration of the children’s play were used to offer musical alternatives to normal verbal interaction with the aim of increasing fluency, decreasing aggressive/frustrated behaviours and raising self-esteem. Video analysis of sessions indicates that competitive/aggressive play decreased during the course of music therapy, as did episodes of high-pitched screaming (indication of frustration). Cooperative play increased as did the frequency of attempts at verbal interaction. This suggests that in terms of social communication, positive changes in relationship patterns and increased spontaneous speech and cooperative play occurred during music therapy for these children with a language impairment.

Women’s Experiences of Sexual Attention: a Cross-Sectional Study of U.S. University Students

ABSTRACT. Objectives: This cross-sectional investigation of women's experiences of sexual attention examined the role of dispositional and situational variables in how women experienced sexual attention (as positive, negative, or neutral). Methods: Participants were 350 U.S. college women recruited from undergraduate psychology courses. They completed questionnaires on objectified body consciousness, social physique anxiety, self-esteem, body esteem, and social desirability. A subset (N = 275) also reported retrospectively on experiences with sexual attention in 1 of 4 contexts: at a bar/club, at a gym, at school, or at work. It was hypothesized that the context where sexual attention occurs would be associated with how positive or negative the encounter was experienced. Results: The relationship between context and experience of sexual attention approached but did not achieve significance. When controlling for demographic variables and social desirability, self-esteem and body esteem were negatively associated with self-objectification and social physique anxiety. White women younger than the age of 25 with higher body mass index were most likely to engage in self-objectifying behaviors. Themes identified from responses to open-ended questions describe reasons for experiencing sexual attention to be uncomfortable or pleasurable. Conclusions: There is wide variability in women's experiences of sexual attention. Self-esteem and body esteem may protect against self-objectification. Future studies should examine how contextual factors influence women's experiences of sexual attention.

The mediating effect of self-esteem between perceived social support and pro-social behavior of children affected by AIDS

Objective To explore the relationship between perceived social support, pro-social behavior and self-esteem of children affected by AIDS, and provide a theoretical basis for the children affected by AIDS to establish good pro-social behavior. Methods 300 children affected by AIDS were taken from Henan province where seriously affected by HIV.Perceive social support scale, self-esteem scale and pro-social behavior scale were used to test the 300 children affected by AIDS.Multiple linear regression analysis, bootstrap testing and other statistical analysis were used for data correlation analysis. Results (1)Children affected by AIDS perceived social support effects are significantly positively related to their self-esteem(r=0.436, P<0.01) and pro-social behavior(r=0.457, P<0.01). Children affected by AIDS self-esteem was significantly positively related to pro-social behavior(r=0.477, P<0.01). (2)The variance of the interpretation of the mutation rate of perceived social support to the pro-social behavior of children affected by AIDS was 20.8%(F=67.944, P<0.01). The variance of the interpretation of the mutation rate of self-esteem to the pro-social behavior of children affected by AIDS was 22.8%(F=76.146, P<0.01). (3)Self-esteem as an intermediary variable, perceived social support of children affected by AIDS were significantly for both direct effect and indirect effect. The estimation value of the self-esteem's mediating effect was 0.208(P<0.01) and the estimation value of direct effect between perceived social support and pro-social behavior was 0.272(P=0.02). Conclusion Perceived social support and self-esteem are the chief influencing factors of pro-social behavior of the children affected by AIDS. Self-esteem is the mediator of perceived social support and pro-social behavior. Key words: Children affected by AIDS; Perceived social support; Pro-social behavior; Self-esteem

Barriers and facilitators to health behaviour change and economic activity among slum-dwelling adolescent girls and young women in Nairobi, Kenya: the role of social, health and economic assets

Adolescent girls and young women in urban slum areas in developing countries face a myriad of challenges regarding education, sexual health, livelihoods and gender-based violence. One way of understanding how these challenges interact with each other is through the Asset Building Framework, which posits that girls need a combination of social, health and economic assets in order to make a healthy transition from childhood to adulthood. This study sought to examine barriers and facilitators to health behaviour change and economic activity for girls within the context of this framework. It involved a combination of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with 128 young women who were in the age range of 18–25 years, living in various slums in Nairobi, Kenya. We found that economic assets reduce young women's dependence on others (especially parents and relationships with men) so that they are able to make positive changes in health behaviour. Social networks, self-esteem and financial literacy all played important roles in positively positioning girls to make the transition to economic activity safely and successfully. We suggest that programmes that seek to improve girls’ and young women's health behaviour or economic activity include elements of asset building within all three categories of assets.

Experiences with Misgendering: Identity Misclassification of Transgender Spectrum Individuals

Relatively little is known about identity misclassification from the perspective of low-status, stigmatized groups. However, there are compelling reasons to examine misclassification from this perspective. This article reports data from two online studies that explore the affective and psychological correlates associated with gender misclassification of transgender spectrum individuals, referred to as misgendering. Study 1 (N = 115) demonstrates that misgendering is associated with more negative affect, less authenticity, lower appearance, but higher social self-esteem, less identity strength and coherence, but more identity importance and more transgender felt stigma. Study 2 (N = 134) largely replicated these results, while also demonstrating that misgendering is associated with verification and enhancement striving, and self- and other evaluations.

Study on the correlation between self-esteem and self-efficacy in patients with ostomies

Objective To describe the self-esteem of individuals with ostomies and to analyze the relations between self-esteem and self-efficacy.Methods The State Self-Esteem Scale （SSES） and the General Self-Efficacy Scale （ GSES） were used to survey 73 patients with ostomies .The relation between self-esteem and self-efficacy were analyzed.Results The total score of self-esteem was （54.89 ±6.90）.The scores of three dimensions of social self-esteem, behavior self-esteem and appearance self-esteem were （18.55 ±2.92）, （20.15 ±2.78） and （16.19 ±2.48）, respectively.Two patients were at the low level of self-esteem, accounting for 2.7%; Fifty-seven patients were at the moderate level of self-esteem, accounting for 78.1%;Fourteen patients were at the high level of self-esteem, accounting for 19.2%.The total score of self-efficacy was （2.94 ±0.69）, which was higher than the national norm , but there was no significant difference （ t =1.045, P=0.299）.The self-efficacy was positively related to patients ’ self-esteem （r=0.511, P=0.001）. Conclusions Nurses should provide various guidance which cannot only enhance the self -efficacy and the self-esteem of patients , but also promote their physical and mental health . Key words: Ostomy Self-esteem Self-efficacy Correlation

Social competence following pediatric stroke: Contributions of brain insult and family environment

Limited information is available regarding predictors of psychosocial difficulties in children following stroke. This study aimed to (i) compare social competence of children with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) to those with chronic illness and healthy controls and (ii) investigate the contribution of stroke pathology, neurological outcome and environment. Thirty-six children with AIS > 12 months prior to recruitment were compared with children with chronic illness (asthma) (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 43). Children underwent intellectual assessment, and children and parents completed questionnaires to assess social competence. Children with AIS underwent MRI scan and neurological evaluation. Child AIS was associated with poorer social adjustment and participation, and children with AIS were rated as having more social problems than controls. Lesion volume was not associated with social outcome, but subcortical stroke was linked to reduced social participation and younger stroke onset predicted better social interaction and higher self-esteem. Family function was the sole predictor of social adjustment. Findings highlight the risk of social impairment following pediatric stroke, with both stroke and environmental factors influencing children's social competence in the chronic stages of recovery. They indicate the potential for intervention targeting support at the family level.