Social Revolution Research Articles

以全面从严治党夯实社会革命的政治基础

Revolutionary nature is the essential attribute of Marxist political parties, but in recent years, there have been comments on the transition from a revolutionary party to a ruling party in the social and theoretical circles, and even erroneous ideas such as “bidding farewell to revolution” and “negating revolution” have been advocated. In fact, Marxist political parties not only need to seize the revolutionary victory of political power, but also constantly carry out self- revolution and maintain the political nature of the party. Therefore, from the perspectives of political construction, ideological construction, and organizational construction, exploring the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party to consolidate the political foundation of social revolution provides fundamental guidance for our Party to consciously shoulder its historical mission, and is of great significance for strengthening the Party’s comprehensive leadership and construction.

Ethical, aesthetic, socio-political background and aspects of Kant’s philosophy

The ethical and aesthetic aspects of Kant’s philosophy had a huge impact on the socio-cultural circles of writers and artists, and turned out to be more accessible both to philosophers and to all fans of philosophy. Social and political issues have always worried people more than theoretical aspects. Kant raises the question of eternal peace, refutes the existing evidence of God, explores the origin of the moral law, its ontological basis and offers its solution. It was an era of social and scientific revolutions: the social one broke the structures of feudalism, opening new horizons for cultural and political transformations; the scientific one made a paradigm shift. The methodological revolution of Bacon and Descartes led to the emergence of fundamentally new approaches, for example, induction. The Galileo-Newton scientific revolution shaped a new universalism. Kant’s philosophy organically complemented all these processes. His postulates of practical reason embody transcendental ideas in objective reality, which the will helps to find corresponding objects. The revolutionary impact exerted by the Critique of Practical Reason, according to Kant’s followers, was much stronger than the ideas of the Great French Revolution. Kant explored the aesthetic ability of man in the Critique of Judgment, considering it as the ability of the soul to unite the faculties of knowledge and desire.

Gender, Nationalism and Revolution in Western Sahara: Women’s Participation in the Polisario State-Movement

This paper explores the intersections of gender, nationalism and revolution by analysing the Polisario Front’s ideology, gender dynamics, women’s legal and constitutional rights, political engagement, sexual division of labour and the women’s rights movement. The analysis presented in this article is grounded in ethnographic and archival research conducted in the Saharawi refugee camps of Tindouf between 2017 and 2018. It argues that the emerging Saharawi feminism is an unintended consequence of the social revolution and conflict-induced migration.

Հայերը «50»-ի պրոցեսում / The Armenians in the «process of 50»

The Russian revolutionary populist movement left a huge mark on the history of the socio-political life of the Russian Empire in the 70-80s of the 19th century. This movement spread not only in the metropolis but also in the national outskirts of the empire including the Eastern Armenian reality. Representatives of the Armenian intellectuals and youth took an active part in this movement spreading the ideas of revolutionary populism among the Armenian community. The tsarist government persecuted the participants in this movement in the early 70s of the 19th century. One of the high-profile cases against populism was the “Trial of 50” over members of the “All-Russian Social Revolutionary Organization”. Armenian members of the organization Stepan Kardashian and Ekaterina Tumanova were also convicted in this case. Through their activities, they contributed to the spread of the ideology of revolutionary populism in Transcaucasia and in Armenian reality.

Boris Sinani: 246 Days in the Life of a Participant in Revolutionary Events in Russia in 1917

From the example of Russian officer Boris Semenovich Sinani’s fate, the authors have attempted to reconstruct the events of the first days of the February Revolution, including certain aspects of the work of the “military headquarters of the revolution” - the Military Commission, as well as the reasons for the creation and nature of the functioning of the Union of Republican Officers of the People's Army. Through their research, the authors have revealed the complexity of the relationship between the Provisional Committee of the State Duma and the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, as well as the attitude of the Russian officers to the revolutionary changes in the country. The authors note that the name Sinani was taken as a pseudonym by Georgy Borisovich Skalov, another participant in the revolution and the Civil War, and this choice played a tragic role in the fate of the latter. The study is based on the analysis of the documents of the Union of Socialists of the People's Army stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, memoirs, and their comparison with published scientific works. The authors have also attempted to reconstruct the main lines of interaction and contradictions between officer groups during the Great October Socialist Revolution.

The Romantic Style of P. B. Shelley s Poetry

Shelley s poetry is rich and varied, harmonious in tone, delicate in feeling and expansive in artistic conception, which pushed the British romantic poetry to the peak. Shelley had a very high talent, received a good education since childhood, coupled with diligent thinking, and has twists and turns of life experience, so his works all reflect the pursuit of the truth of the strong philosophical mood. This article mainly focuses on two of Shelley s poems to analyze the romantic style of his poems from the image and theme. Shelley, as a political poet and lyric poet, expressed his poetic aesthetics very clearly. He endowed poets with a lofty mission, believing that they shoulder the dual mission of social revolution and artistic innovation. Of course, Shelley believes that this dual mission is realized in the poet s creative artistic imagination. Therefore, in Shelley s view, the real imaginary expression of poetry should have a spiritual inspiration and aesthetic influence. It can be said that Shelley s poetry aesthetics not only clearly reflects the characteristics of his changing era, but also illustrates his romantic aesthetic stance. Shelley s aesthetic thoughts of poetry are enlightening for people to better appreciate and understand his poems.

Parliament and Revolution: Poland, Finland, and the End of Empire in the Early Twentieth Century

AbstractThis article explores the political trajectories of the early twentieth-century Grand Duchy of Finland and the Kingdom of Poland in the context of the “global parliamentary moment,” when the constitutional script of revolution competed with the more daring script of social revolution. We scrutinize contrastive political choices of socialist parties in these two western borderlands of the Russian Empire. Finland and Poland emerged as independent parliamentary states in 1917–1918 but under manifestly different circumstances. The Finnish socialist party had enjoyed a stable foothold in the formally democratic but practically impotent national parliament since 1907, whereas the Polish socialists boycotted the Russian Duma and envisioned a democratic legislature as a guaranty of a Poland with true people’s power. The Finnish socialists later abandoned parliamentarism in favor of an armed revolution, in 1918, whereas most of their Polish counterparts used the parliamentary ideal of popular sovereignty to restrain the revolutionary upsurge. We argue that the socialist understandings of parliamentarism and revolution were of crucial importance at this juncture. We draw from a broad corpora of political press reports, handwritten newspapers, and leaflets to show how the diachronic sequence of events and synchronic power relations inside the Russian Empire made certain stances toward parliamentarism and revolution more likely at different points in time.

Resistance Toward Subordination of Women in The Breadwinner Novel by Deborah Ellis: A Feminist Study

This research aimed to discover the resistance and the subordination forms. The method used is descriptive qualitative research method and feminism approach applied specifically Simone de Beauvoir's notions of The Otherness in The Second Sex book. The data gathered through attentive reading and observation of the narration, mono – dialogue, and characters' actions in The Breadwinner novel by Deborah Ellis. Furthermore, the writers determined that women have a difficult access to work as a result of discrimination and exploitation, married women are required to be completely subservient to their husbands, unequal education opportunity, parents expected a son over a daughter, and women unable to participate in social-political activities. Also, on Beauvoir ideas of resist toward The Otherness such as women can work, become intellectuals, contribute to a socialist revolution, and women can transcend their limitations by refusing to internalize their otherness or to identify themselves through the dominant group's eyes. This can be concluded that women still faced severe discrimination, oppression, exploitation, and inequality to gain their freedom, yet women still resist to the oppression in society.

Between Medicine and Revolution: towards the biography of Elena Nikolaevna Oshanina

Biographical research has been an integral part of historical science since its inception. However, as a rule, the most significant historical figures have always fallen into the sphere of interests of scientists. In post-Soviet historiography, biographies of people who are difficult to classify as outstanding figures began to appear more and more often. Despite this, through the analysis of their biographies, it is possible to trace how the inheritance of cultural traditions formed in different historical periods took place, the ways of assimilation of social, gender and other ideas, their transfers and influence on people's behavior in specific historical circumstances. The purpose of the article is to restore the biography of Elena Nikolaevna Oshanina (1874–1943), a physician by profession and a Socialist Revolutionary by party affiliation, based on unpublished archival documents from the central, local and personal archives, to identify her place in the revolutionary and women's social movement of the early twentieth century. A particular example of the biography makes it possible to understand how the process of formation of diverse and often layered identities of women of the late XIX – early XX centuries took place. As a result, it can be concluded that Elena Nikolaevna Oshanina's self-realization was in the field between two identities – professional and revolutionary, which were layered on top of each other, but both were very important for the heroine of this biography.

A Kingdom Here on Earth: Jesus the Social Revolutionary

A Kingdom Here on Earth: Jesus the Social Revolutionary

Semiotika Serat Wirid Agem Dalem Nata: Laku Batin Raja Pakubuwana X dalam Membangun Kekuatan Spiritual Kekuasaan Jawa

This research explains the Serat Wirid Agem Dalem Nata manuscript as an inner practice of Pakubuwana This research uses Roland Barthes' semiotic approach which is applied in double significance. The manuscript contains wird and hizib, stating that the practitioner is Susuhunan Pakubuwana Through content analysis and reading the five Barthesian codes, in this text we found a signifying relationship that the meaning of reading the wirid emphasizes the king's spirituality, on the other hand it acts as a legitimation of the ideology of government. This can be seen from the contents of the prayer text by the Javanese king for the prosperity of the people and protection for himself. Ideologically, this text, when read in the 20th century, produces the meaning of Javanese political symbols which were maintained amidst the pace of colonialism and social revolution. This gives rise to a new paradigm that complements the historical figure of Susuhunan Pakubuwana
 Keywords: Pakubuwana X, Serat Wirid Agem Dalem Nata, Laku Batin, Semiotics

Политическая ситуация в Якутской области накануне Октябрьского этапа революции 1917 года

For the first time in a separate study, the scientific article examines the political situation in the Yakut region on the eve of October 1917. The alignment of political forces in the region that emerged in the fall of 1917 is char-acterized. After the departure of the political exiles, power passed into the hands of the Socialist Revolutionar-ies and Federalists. As in the center of the country, moderate socialists were in power in the Yakut region. In the fall of 1917, disagreements between the Socialist Revolutionaries and Social Democrats intensified, and a “united democracy” was created without the participation of the Council of Workers’ Deputies and the Social Democrats who supported it. Further development of the conflict led to the withdrawal of the Social Democrats from the Yakut Committee of Public Safety. The scientific article concludes that the development of the political situation in Yakutia is associated with the remoteness of the region and the peculiarities of its pre-revolutionary history. In the region, the united organization of the RSDLP operated until 1918. Local Bolsheviks and Menshe-viks supported Soviet power, but their forces were too weak. In this regard, the political conditions for the estab-lishment of Soviet power in the Yakut region on the eve of October 1917 did not exist.

Social revolution: The impact of social media in our lives

Social revolution: The impact of social media in our lives

What Obstacles Stands in the Way of the Achievement of Socialism

The aim of this paper is to show that a system of democratically managed firms is the model of socialism best tailored to human nature. From the author’s perspective, considering that the retention of markets in such a system allows selfish drives of individuals to act themselves out to the full, its establishment would come up against fewer obstacles than those standing in the way of the creation of a centrally planned one. An additional thesis advanced in the paper is that that the process leading to the advent of such a system can be looked upon as a socialist revolution consistent with the principles of Darwinian evolutionism.

Revolutionary Politics of the Normal

The “longing for a normal life,” (hasrat-i yik zindigi-yi ma'muli) as lyricized in what became the Woman, Life, Freedom (Zan, Zendegi, Azadi) movement's favorite anthem, has been front and center in the recent wave of social protests that has rocked Iran from September 2022 onward.1 At the same time, the movement's frame has been crystal clear in aiming for the rarest and most disruptive of social events—a revolution. Revolutions never foster normalcy; neither do they comfortably settle into something “normal” in their later phases. Whatever normal is, it is quite certainly not the authoritarian rule into which most social revolutions have historically lapsed. Can the pursuit of normalcy be revolutionary in any sense? In this essay I analyze the central role of normalcy in the Woman, Life, Freedom movement and discuss how it helps us understand the movement's past and imagine its potential revolutionary futures. I first allude to the struggle of some Iranians to find a semblance of normalcy under abnormal circumstances in past decades, and suggest that Mahsa (Zhina) Amini's death determined the futility of this struggle for normalcy in the minds of many Iranians. I then analyze what it means for the movement to strive for “a normal life” and a revolution at the same time.

The ideological world of the trilogy of the Mari writer N. Lekain «Iron Will», «In the Fire of the Great War», «Land of the Ancestors»

An analysis of the themes, issues, ideas and pathos of the trilogy of the Mari writer Nikandr Lekain is the basis of this article. The novels «Iron Will» and «Land of Ancestors» depict the process of social and national revival of the previously oppressed Mari people. The depiction of the events of the beginning of the 20th century (Stolypin’s agrarian reform, the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Civil War, the NEP) takes place through the prism of the author’s worldview. The writer shows the conditions under which the process of formation of Soviet regime, the implementation of a new economic policy, the growth and formation of a new progressive Man, and the overcoming of the vestiges of the past in the minds of the Mari people took place. The novel «In the Fire of the Great War» by the former front-line soldier reveals the patriotism and heroism of the multinational Soviet people, manifested in the fight against the fascist invaders during the Great Patriotic War. This aspect is considered for the first time in Mari literary studies. The structural-semantic research method makes it possible to evaluate both the ideological world, the author’s worldview, and its individual poetic elements. Through the prism of the writer’s attention, the image of a resisting and fighting Soviet soldier is comprehensively depicted; as well as the heroic actions of the Yevsey’s, Ivan Zuev’s guerrilla warrior detachments in the enemy’s rear; the awful life under occupation of the Sosnovka’s village inhabitants; the cruelty of the German invaders; the spiritual squalor of the traitors. N. Lekain’s trilogy epically reveals the historical events of the late 19th – mid-20th centuries.

L. Martov i M. Gor'kij: k 150-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya L. Martova

The article tells about the relationship between L. Martov and M. Gorky, which lasted a decade and a half. Martov's letters to Gorky, introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, help to understand them better. The writer tried to reform the Sovremennik magazine three times. Initially, under the editorship of A.V. Amfiteatrov. Then - under E.A. Lyatsky. The third time when the magazine was headed by N.N. Sukhanov. At the third attempt to reform, Martov became the author of “Sovremennik”. After the closure of the magazine in the fall of 1915, he and a number of other authors moved to the “Chronicle” that Gorky had just created. N.N. Sukhanov became Gorky's co-editor for The Chronicle. Then they edited “New Life” together. Martov was the author of the newspaper. He emigrated in September 1920. Gorky was forced to leave Russia a year later. Abroad, the writer and the politician together edited the magazine “Chronicle of the Revolution”, published by the Publishing House of Z.I. Grzhebin. At the request of Martov Gorky, he defended the Social Revolutionaries who found themselves in the dock in the summer of 1922, wrote letters to A.I. Rykov and A. France. As a result, none of the SRS were shot this time. Gorky attended the funeral of Martov, who died on April 4, 1923 due to a serious illness.

FROM HO CHI MINH'S WORK “NEW LIFE” TO BUILD NEW RURAL RULES IN VIETNAM NOW

While leading the Vietnamese revolution, President Ho Chi Minh had many measures to direct and build new life to change the way of eating, dressing, living, and traveling in a scientific manner, civilized and progressive. His instructions are the basis for the Communist Party of Vietnam to set out policies and guidelines for cultural development in the people's national democratic revolution and the socialist revolution. In this article, the author mentions two essential contents: building a new life - the core contents; and the work of new life with new rural construction today.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0044/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

比较视野下中国式现代化的发展历程与世界意义

In the process of global modernization, countries have pursued diverse paths of modernization based on their unique national circumstances, development methods, levels, and other factors. Taking a comparative perspective, this paper firstly analyzes and contrasts two distinct types of modernization: early endogenous modernization and later exogenous modernization, and then reviews the centennial history of the CPC leading the people to explore the Chinese-style modernization from four stages: the new democratic revolution period, the socialist revolution and construction period, the new period of the reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. From a global perspective, Chinese-style modernization has paved the way for a new form of human civilization that transcends Western conflicts and confrontations, fosters common prosperity beyond Western singularity and differentiation, promotes harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature, free from Western destruction and pollution, and advances peaceful development by breaking down Western hegemonism and power politics. It holds universal significance for the world.

Research and Model Analysis on the Value of Integrating the Spirit of "Two Bombs and One Satellite" into Contemporary Ideological and Political Education Curriculum

The spirit of "Two Bombs and One Satellite" is a great representative spirit of the era in the early days of the founding of New China. It is a microcosm of the spirit of countless scientific researchers and the people during the socialist revolution and construction period, fearless of difficulties, united and dedicated, and has a high value of the times and a profound connotation of cultivating talents. Systematically studying the spirit of "Two Bombs and One Satellite" and introducing it into the "Trinity" ideological and political classrooms of universities, middle and primary schools, enriching the teaching content of ideological and political classrooms, improving the teaching methods of ideological and political classrooms, expanding students' understanding of ideological and political classrooms, increasing students' knowledge reserves, etc., strengthening the value analysis of ideological and political classrooms as a whole, guiding students to set lofty goals, cultivate patriotism, and improve personal ideological and moral literacy Tempering firm ideals and beliefs is of great significance and extraordinary value.