Social Reintegration Research Articles

Social Reintegration Experiences of Young Adult Cancer Survivors

This study uses the Q methodology to investigate the subjective perceptions of social reintegration among cancer survivors in their 20s and 30s. We organised a Q population through a pilot study and interviews and finalised 40 Q sample items. For P sample representativeness, we used purposive sampling and selected 12 individuals by age and cancer type. After a Q sorting process, we conducted a key factor analysis using Ken-Q Analysis Desktop Edition. We identified four types of P samples based on their perceptions and noted the main characteristics of each type. We characterised Type 1 as “recovery of presence through social reintegration seeking”, Type 2 as “confusion in social reintegration due to social prejudices”, Type 3 as “psychosocial support in the process of social reintegration”, and Type 4 as “blessing in disguise for post-traumatic growth”. The results suggest a need for practical and institutional support reflecting cancer survivors’ characteristics by type. This study provides basic data that researchers could use to develop coaching and counselling services to support the social reintegration of cancer survivors in their 20s and 30s.

Challenges for social cohesion after de-occupation: social and political reintegration and attitudes toward residents of temporarily occupied territories

The future reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine requires social cohesion in Ukrainian society: both for those who survived the occupation and those who lived in the governmentcontrolled territories. This article aims to determine the attitudes of residents of the government-controlled territories toward those who remain under occupation and to identify to what extent the issues of elections and (un)restriction of voting rights, the economic and cultural support programs, and the recognition of education certificates obtained in the occupied territories may hinder social cohesion after de-occupation. The study is based on the results of two waves of a nationwide survey conducted in October 2023 and March 2024. The paper analyses the survey results using descriptive statistics methods, and the linear regression analysis is conducted to test the hypothesis regarding the relations between the attitudes toward residents of occupied territories and having close relatives there. The study shows that Ukrainians’ attitudes toward the residents of the temporarily occupied territories are rather neutral than positive, which may indicate future lines of social tension. The support for reintegration policies varies depending on the duration of the occupation and the policy area. If the benefits and resources the policy addresses are perceived as scarce, the support for such policy is lower, as is the case of special university admission programs for school graduates from occupied territories. Also, Ukrainians’ positions differ in scenarios for restoration of local governance after de-occupation depending on the territories in question. Immediate restoration is a preferred scenario for territories occupied in 2022, while for territories occupied since 2014, the intermediate period of five years is envisioned.

AUDIÊNCIA DE CUSTÓDIA E RISCOS À SEGURANÇA:ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DO DIREITO PUNITIVO

This article examines custody hearings from the perspective of the right to punish and public security challenges, highlighting their role in protecting detainees' fundamental rights and reducing unnecessary pretrial detention. The analysis reveals the complex relationship between punitive law and prison overcrowding, which undermines the effectiveness of the penal system and creates inhumane incarceration conditions. Additionally, resocialization is discussed as a core goal of the penal system, emphasizing that punishment should go beyond mere imprisonment to promote social reintegration. The study also explores how public perception and media influence trust in custody hearings, impacting public opinion and criminal policies. The conclusion advocates for reforms in punitive law to balance public security with respect for human rights, aiming for a more just and humane justice system.

Psychological Impact Of Kidnapping On Social Reintegration And Academic Pursuits Of Female Undergraduates In Zamfara State

Although kidnapping and banditry are increasingly rampant in northern Nigeria, research on their psychological impact on female undergraduate students is lacking. To fill this gap, this study investigated the psychological impact of kidnapping on female undergraduate students in Zamfara State, Nigeria, focusing on their social reintegration and academic pursuits. Kidnapping and banditry have become pervasive in northern Nigeria, severely disrupting the lives of vulnerable communities including students in both pre-tertiary and tertiary institutions, particularly Zamfara State. The study adopted qualitative research design. Seven out of the female undergraduates of Federal University Gusau who had recently been released after prolonged captivity participated in the study. A combination of purposive and snowball sampling techniques was used to select participants based on availability, willingness, and ability to provide detailed accounts. Data was collected through structured interview. Thematic analysis revealed profound psychological trauma, including symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Social reintegration challenges found in the study include stigmatization and alienation, while academic difficulties involved concentration, memory issues, and decreased motivation. The study recommends implementing comprehensive psychological support programmes within educational institutions located in high risk locations such as Zamfara State, including professional counseling and peer support groups, to address the long-term psychological effects and facilitate better social and academic reintegration of the victims

Social Reintegration and Stigma Among Childhood Cancer Survivors in West Kenya.

Purpose: The population of childhood cancer survivors in low- and middle-income countries is set to increase due to diagnosis and treatment advancements. However, cancer is still associated with stigma that may hinder societal re-entry. This study explores the social reintegration and stigmatization of Kenyan childhood cancer survivors to develop targeted interventions for follow-up care. Methods: Adult survivors of childhood cancers who completed treatment at the largest referral hospital in Western Kenya were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires between 2021 and 2022. Stigma was assessed using the Social Impact Scale. Results: Twenty-six survivors (median age 20 years) were interviewed, with 16 (62%) being males. All survivors missed classes during treatment, and 16 (62%) had to repeat school grades after treatment completion. Many (13; 50%) reported negative feelings about the situation at school. Six (23%) were excluded from school activities and four were bullied (15%). Most 25 (96%) could not openly speak about cancer to all community members. Reasons for lacking social support, avoidance, and discrimination were cancer is a curse, contagious, or inheritable. Nine (35%) felt that their marital prospects were negatively affected by their cancer history. Stigma was higher for survivors who received a negative response after cancer disclosure (p = 0.001) and survivors with negative perspectives on their marital prospects (p = 0.002). Survivors recommended community and school education, peer support groups, and counseling. Conclusion: Childhood cancer survivors in Kenya face difficulties with social reintegration and stigmatization. Outreach campaigns focusing on education at schools and communities should be implemented. Counseling and support groups may facilitate re-entry into society.

Volunteering across contexts: comparing attitudes toward volunteering with prisoners and people with mental illness.

Volunteering represents an opportunity for social transformation and social cohesion. Portugal is one of the European countries with fewer volunteering initiatives. Generally, society distances itself from individuals with mental illness and prison inmates, therefore, stigma becomes one of the barriers to social reintegration. However, volunteering can be a beneficial intervention helping individuals in their reintegration. This study aims to compare the differences and similarities in the attitudes of volunteers toward volunteering with people with mental illness and prisoners. A supplementary qualitative secondary analysis was conducted using transcripts from 39 semi-structured individual interviews with volunteers regarding support of inmates in prison and two focus groups with volunteers regarding support of people with mental illness. Data analysis was conducted through an inductive thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from the analysis: 'Volunteer motivation and characteristics', 'Volunteer's role', 'Volunteering relationship and its impact', and 'Challenges faced by volunteers'. There were several similarities between the perspectives toward volunteering in prisons and in mental health care, including the need for specific training in the area and the positive attitudes and behaviors of both groups of volunteers toward volunteering with the individuals supported. The differences were related to the characteristics necessary to be a volunteer, the activities carried out with the individuals supported and the difficulties faced by volunteers. These findings show overall positive attitudes toward volunteering in mental health and in prisons.

Strategy Of The Local Government Of Mamasa Regency In Preventing Religious Conflicts To Realize National Security

Managing diversity based on local democracy is a preventive step to prevent prolonged conflicts toward social reintegration. Religious segmentation is used as a way to unravel the political conflicts that previously echoed in this area. Efforts to carry out the representation of religious identity (Islamic-Christian) in each Regional Election event are used as a new political format to minimize the tension of identity politics that can erode the spirit of community togetherness. Representation politics is then manifested in the form of pairs of candidates to occupy the position of regional head until the last twenty years have been institutions that have the ability to maintain unity and unity. This research uses a qualitative approach. For data collection techniques, researchers conduct interviews, observation, and documentation procedures. The theories and concepts used in this study include strategy theory, peace theory, conflict theory, conflict prevention concept, Conflict early Warning and Early Response System (CEWERS) concept, and state defense concept. Based on the results of the study, it can be understood that overall, conflict management carried out by the government, both the central government and local governments, is very poor. Efforts to resolve conflicts only occur at the elite level and do not include people who suffer more and lose more due to conflict. An elitist resolution will only meet the interests and demands of the elite. The demands of the masses that should also be accommodated are ignored. As a form of strategic steps of the local government of Mamasa Regency in preventing conflicts in the administration of government and its relationship with the roots of religious conflicts in Mamasa Regency, some of the descriptions of the steps taken include the Education and Socialization Approach, Increasing the Role of the Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB), Strengthening the Economy and Social Welfare, Fair and Transparent Law Enforcement, and Inclusive Infrastructure and Public Facilities Development.

Sociohistorical context and post-prison life course

Life-course criminology has recently begun to focus on sociohistorical context, with the use of multi-cohort studies. However, those studies have mostly concentrated on aggregate crime rates. Desistance research, in turn, has largely overlooked the impact of the broader sociohistorical context. Based on recent work on the effect of sociohistorical context on crime rates, we propose that context may shape desistance and social reintegration in a nuanced way.We examined employment, housing, and marriages among Finnish first-time prisoners released between 1995 and 2014 (N = 23,350) until 2019. We quantified the link between selected macro-level indicators and these outcomes using age-period-cohort models.The results showed that the outcomes evolved in separate ways post-release. Employment and marriage became more common over time, but only employment showed distinct periodical changes. The probability of living in housing remained stable. A higher level of national unemployment was associated with all outcomes. The association between prisoner characteristics and the outcomes changed depending on release year.Post-prison societal integration should not be assessed by one measure alone. Desistance studies should address societal context when comparing different times or countries. Early studies may require replication if the associations between demographic factors and desistance outcomes are subject to change.

A DIFICULDADE DE REINSERÇÃO DE EX-DETENTOS NA SOCIEDADE: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS

The reintegration of former inmates into Brazilian society is a complex and challenging phenomenon involving a convergence of social, economic, and psychological factors that hinder their full integration. The social stigma associated with being an ex-inmate poses a significant barrier, as many face prejudice and discrimination, limiting their employment opportunities and access to support networks. Furthermore, structural barriers, such as a lack of available jobs and professional training, exacerbate the situation. A crucial aspect is the absence of adequate psychological support. The prison experience can leave deep psychological scars, and many former inmates struggle with trauma, anxiety, and adaptation issues, requiring specialized attention. The lack of effective public policies, combined with the precariousness of rehabilitation programs, significantly contributes to criminal recidivism. Many existing initiatives lack resources, continuity, and coordination across different sectors, resulting in a vicious cycle of marginalization. This paper aims to explore these issues in depth, analyzing the effectiveness of initiatives and programs implemented in Brazil in relation to the Penal Execution Law (Law No. 7.210/1984) and other relevant legislation. We propose a reflection on improvement strategies that emphasize the need for a holistic approach considering the various dimensions of reintegration. Promoting a culture of acceptance and inclusion, strengthening intersectoral public policies, and implementing vocational training programs are some alternatives that could provide new perspectives for former inmates. Ultimately, this study seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by former inmates and suggest pathways that could facilitate their reintegration into society, aiming for a significant transformation for both individuals and society as a whole. Social reintegration is not merely a matter of criminal policy, but a moral and social imperative that demands collective commitment to justice and human dignity.

ASSOCIAÇÃO DE PROTEÇÃO ASSISTÊNCIA AOS CONDENADOS: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DO MÉTODO COM OS RECUPERANDOS

This study examines the role of social workers in the Associations for the Protection and Assistance to the Convicted (APACs), exploring the challenges and perspectives of the humane method proposed by these institutions within the Brazilian penal context. Historically, the conventional prison system in Brazil has been characterized by overcrowding, violence, and inhumane conditions, reinforcing the need for alternative methods of resocialization. APACs emerge as an innovative alternative, proposing a penal execution model centered on human dignity and the social reintegration of the convicted. The work of social workers in APACs is multifaceted, ranging from psychosocial support to the implementation of educational and professional training programs. However, these professionals face significant challenges, such as a lack of resources, institutional resistance, and the stigmatization of convicts by society. The research employs a mixed methodological approach, including a literature review and interviews with social workers in APACs, to investigate how these professionals contribute to promoting social reintegration and what innovations can be adopted to optimize their practices. The results indicate that despite the difficulties, the role of social workers is crucial to the success of the APAC method, highlighting the importance of a holistic and personalized approach that respects the dignity of the convicted and promotes effective and humane resocialization.

The role of occupational rehabilitation in slicing off disability in amputees - a literature review and epidemiological analysis

Limb amputation often results in a change of profession or withdrawal from the workforce. Occupational rehabilitation plays a key role in assisting individuals with finding, maintaining, and advancing in employment. The aim of this review was to determine the precise number of amputations performed in Poland from January 2014 to June 2022 and to present selected available rehabilitation programs aimed at the social reintegration of individuals after amputations, with a particular focus on vocational rehabilitation. The analysis was conducted in 2 stages. First, the team reviewed data obtained from the central IT system of the National Health Fund and analyzed it. Then, a literature review was conducted using English-language databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Medline, and websites searched through Google Scholar and Google. A total of 29 sources (from the years 2006-2024) out of 75 found were analyzed. Articles were searched using the following keywords: "rehabilitation programs," "amputations," "occupational rehabilitation," "disability," "vocational activation," and "rehabilitation effectiveness." A significant number of amputations are performed in Poland. Individuals who undergo such procedures can benefit from occupational rehabilitation programs that facilitate a faster return to professional activity. It is crucial to develop and implement preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of amputations in Poland, as well as to introduce new vocational rehabilitation programs that will enable individuals with disabilities to return to professional activity more effectively and efficiently. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(5).

Urban-Rural Disparities in Community Participation after Spinal Cord Injury in Ontario.

Personal, social, and environmental factors may influence self-efficacy and social reintegration among people living with spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D) in urban and rural areas. Novel data collection methods have the potential to characterize community participation (CP) in diverse settings. The objectives were (1) to describe and compare self-reported community participation (Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) and Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES)) levels of individuals with SCI/D living in urban or rural Ontario, Canada; and (2) to determine the accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI) optical mark recognition tool for extracting data from CP surveys conducted among participants after transitioning from inpatient rehabilitation to home and residing in the community. We partnered with SCI Ontario staff to collect MSES and RNLI survey data from adults with motor complete (e.g., AIS A-B) and incomplete (AIS C-D) SCI/D living in urban or rural Ontario, Canada, between January and October 2022. The Rurality Index of Ontario (RIO) from the postal code determined urban or rural residency. Optical mark recognition (OMR) software was used for survey data extraction. A Research Associate validated the extracted survey responses. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and non-parametric statistics were used to describe the participants, their impairments, and their reported CP levels across urban and rural settings. Eighty-five individuals with SCI/D (mean age 53.7 years, 36.5% female) completed the survey. Most of the participants resided in major urban areas (69.4%) and had traumatic injuries (64.7%). The mean total MSES score for Ontarians with SCI/D was 87.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84.45, 91.47), while the mean total RNLI score for the same individuals was 75.61 (95% CI: 71.85, 79.37). Among the MSES domains, the lowest score was observed in response to sexual satisfaction (mean: 4.012, 95% CI: 3.527, 4.497), while the lowest RNLI domain item score was associated with the ability to travel out of town (mean: 5.965, 95% CI: 5.252, 6.678). Individuals with incomplete injuries in rural areas reported lower MSES and RNLI scores than those with complete motor injuries, whereas no significant differences were found in MSES and RNLI scores among urban residents based on impairment. These findings suggest that, depending on the environmental context (e.g., rural vs. urban areas), AIS categories may influence the perception of CP among people living with SCI/D. The OMR tool had 97.4% accuracy in extracting data from the surveys. The CP (MSES and RNLI) scores reported by individuals with SCI/D differ based on their living setting. In rural Ontario, individuals with greater functional ability reported lower CP than their counterparts living in urban settings. Although CP remains a challenge, the needs of individuals with motor incomplete SCI/D and heterogeneous levels of mobility residing in rural areas require exploration and targeted interventions. The OMR tool facilitates accurate data extraction from surveys across settings.

Characterization and perception of incarcerated women regarding social, employment, and educational inclusion: A mixed methods study

Brazil has one of the highest jailed populations globally, second only to the United States and China. The country faces challenges with prison infrastructure and inadequate reintegration, especially for women, who are a minority. The aim of the research was to characterize the profile of incarcerated women in the prison system in a Brazilian city, as well as to describe and analyze perceptions of prison experiences and future expectations. This study employed a mixed-methods approach to provide a detailed description of the topic matter. The quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires and subjected to double data entry. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to characterize the sample using the statistical software SPSS. For the qualitative data, content analysis was employed to identify recurrent and unique themes, categorize them, and interpret the results. All procedures followed ethical guidelines, including obtaining informed consent and ensuring data confidentiality. The study comprised 83 incarcerated women. The majority of participants were young, self-identified as black, and had low educational attainment. Themes such as family, motherhood, and education were prominent, expressing a desire to reconnect with children and assume significant maternal roles post-incarceration. Participants viewed education as crucial for enhancing their living conditions after incarceration. Moreover, there was a strong emphasis on personal growth, with aspirations to break the criminal cycle and build productive lives. The findings underscore the urgency of public policies that support the social and professional reintegration of women, providing education, employment, and psychosocial support. These initiatives are crucial for reducing criminal recidivism and promoting a more inclusive and promising future.

Impact of pre-existing dementia on neurosurgical intervention and outcomes in older patients with head injury: an analysis of a nationwide trauma registry in Japan.

Dementia is a common comorbidity in older patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), potentially affecting their care processes and outcomes. However, the impact of pre-existing dementia on TBI remains unclear as research on TBI often excludes older adults with comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing dementia and outcomes in older patients admitted to hospitals after TBI. This observational study included patients aged ≥ 65years with TBI who were identified from the Japan Trauma Data Bank between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021. Associations between pre-existing dementia and outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The primary outcome was survival at discharge. Secondary outcomes were neurosurgical interventions and discharge to home. In total, 16,270 patients from 175 hospitals were analyzed. Of these, 1,750 (10.8%) had pre-existing dementia, and 13,520 (83.1%) survived to discharge. No significant association was observed between pre-existing dementia and neurosurgical interventions and survival at discharge. In contrast, pre-existing dementia was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of being discharged to home. Subgroup analysis revealed interactions between pre-existing dementia and the subgroups, showing adverse impact in relatively younger patients and those without severe head injury. Patients with pre-existing dementia had similar chances for neurosurgical intervention and survival at discharge than their counterparts without dementia. However, pre-existing dementia was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of being discharged to home, especially in relatively younger patients and those without severe head injury. Therefore, recognizing the risks within this population and taking measures to facilitate social reintegration is necessary.

A protocol for identifying the needs related to drug use, health and social (re)integration of people living in prison within five European countries

BackgroundCompared to the general population, people living in prison are at an increased risk to experience negative (mental) health outcomes. Moreover, delinquency and drug use have many risk factors in common. A need exists for increasing the knowledge about health needs, drug use patterns and the coverage of drug-related interventions in prison within Europe. The current protocol describes the design of a study about wellbeing, drug use and related care in prison.Methods/designA multicentre mixed method design is implemented in five European countries (Belgium, Cyprus, Greece, Lithuania and Luxembourg). Qualitative and quantitative data collection tools are combined in order to generate complementary and comprehensive results. First, a cross-sectional survey among people living in prison is conducted. This survey is based on a model questionnaire, the European Questionnaire on Drug use among people living in Prison, developed by the European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Drugs Addiction. Second, people living in prison and people who have been recently released from prison are involved in qualitative semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The main topics of interest are the use of drugs and other health related topics such as loneliness, anxiety, depression, infectious diseases, suicide and treatment. Third, data regarding health and social reintegration measures in prison is collected through a quantitative survey addressed to the prison authorities.DiscussionThis study protocol presentes a European study which aims to assess drug use among people living in prison and recently released people who use drugs as well as the existing care services in prisons. Hereby, factors related to the prison environment and their needs, both inside and outside prison are taken into account. Importantly, this study protocol describes a methodology which is developed to be executed in different prison settings within different countries simultaneously. Accordingly, for each country the protocol is adjustable to specific national legal requirements, regional differences and distinct local regulations of prison administrations. However, extensive modularity inevitably comes with significant limitations of comparability and generalizability of the results.

O SISTEMA PRISIONAL NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE DOS DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DE REFORMA

The Brazilian prison system is a complex and challenging issue that has raised heated debates over the years. With a growing prison population and precarious conditions in prisons, the reality of penitentiary institutions in the country presents a worrying picture. The purpose of prisons, which should be the rehabilitation of inmates, is often distorted by overcrowding, violence and lack of opportunities for social reintegration. In this context, this work aims to analyze the challenges faced by the Brazilian prison system and explore the reform perspectives that can be adopted to face such problems. It is crucial to understand the historical roots of this system, as well as the contemporary factors that have contributed to its current situation. Throughout this study, a comprehensive bibliographical review will be carried out, gathering data and analyzes from research, government reports and academic studies that focus on the subject. It is essential to emphasize that an effective reform of the prison system does not only imply improving the physical conditions of prisons, but also promoting actions that favor social reintegration and the reduction of criminal recidivism. In addition, civil society participation and dialogue between the various actors involved are crucial elements for building sustainable and humanized solutions.

GENDER, SEXUALITY AND RACE IN THE ANALYSIS OF PRISONERS' RIGHT TO INTIMATE VISITS

This article analyzes the prison sentence in Brazil, focusing on its implications for the rights of prisoners, especially the right to intimate visits. Although the sentence is intended to deprive the freedom of movement, it continues to impact other aspects of the individual's life, including their family relationships and sexuality. Brazilian law guarantees the right to visits, but does not explicitly provide for the right to intimate visits, creating a gap that undermines the full social reintegration of prisoners. Based on existing regulations, such as the Penal Execution Law and resolutions of the National Council for Criminal and Penitentiary Policy, the text discusses the importance of intimate visits for the emotional and social well-being of prisoners. Despite the advances promoted by Resolution No. 04/2011, which includes the LGBT population in intimate visits, the lack of a clear legal provision continues to generate uncertainty. The article argues that the sexual rights of prisoners should be recognized as fundamental, arguing that deprivation of liberty should not extend to sexuality. The analysis concludes that, in order to ensure the full exercise of prisoners' sexual rights, it is imperative that the State not only recognizes, but also facilitates and effectively regulates the right to intimate visits, guaranteeing dignity and respect for the individuality of those in custody.

Social Work Crime as an Alternative to Resolving Overcrowding in Correctional Institutions

Overcrowded in correctional facilities results from various factors, including increased inmate numbers due to prevailing prison sentencing policies, judicial inefficiencies in handling detainees, and high recidivism rates. The consequences of overcrowding are severe, impacting the ability to meet inmates' basic needs, leading to poor sanitation and health conditions, and reducing the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs. Social work penalties, adopted in several countries, offer a rehabilitative approach that focuses on social reintegration rather than isolation through prison sentences. These penalties help facilitate inmate recovery by involving them in beneficial community activities such as environmental care or social services. This research employs a normative juridical methodology, utilizing document analysis of relevant legal and literature sources. Data are qualitatively analyzed, considering legislative regulations, legal literature, and related research findings. The study aims to contribute to more effective policy formulation for managing overcrowding in correctional facilities and to consider more humane and rehabilitative sentencing alternatives

Outreach of HIV/AIDS Disease on Prisoners at Women Prison of Class IIA Jakarta Timur

This program aims to enhance the knowledge and understanding of inmates regarding HIV/AIDS while also reducing stigma and discrimination within the prison environment. This program is based on data indicating a higher prevalence of HIV among prisoners compared to the general population. The primary challenges faced include a lack of information and education about HIV/AIDS and limited access to healthcare services within the prison. The program’s methodology includes planning activities with clearly defined goals and targets, forming a working team, and developing educational materials. The program’s implementation involves an initial outreach phase, followed by an educational session consisting of lectures and interactive discussions. Monitoring and evaluation are conducted by collecting data and assessing the activities to measure the program’s effectiveness using interview with prisoner and checklist. A total of 25 participants, aged between 21 and 50 years, participated in this program. The results demonstrated active participation and enthusiasm from the inmates (100%), indicating the program’s success in bridging knowledge gaps and reducing stigma. This program has fostered a healthier, safer prison environment and better-prepared inmates for social reintegration with improved health knowledge. It is hoped that this program can serve as a model for other prisons in Indonesia in the efforts to prevent and combat HIV/AIDS.

Public policies applied to the social reintegration of adolescents

This paper analyzes the public policies associated with social rehabilitation, subject to the universal principle of the child's best interests and that can offer a real and sustained rehabilitation opportunity over time for adolescents who have broken the law. This analysis includes evaluating existing policies, identifying strengths and weaknesses in their implementation, and comparing them with successful approaches in other countries. In addition, recommendations based on Comparative Law are proposed to improve the effectiveness of public policies, ensuring that the fundamental rights of adolescents are respected and they are provided with the necessary tools for successful reintegration into society. The main results show the essential elements to ensure adequate rehabilitation and reintegration, under human rights and social needs.