Social Problem In India Research Articles

Индийский национальный конгресс в годы генерал-губернаторства лорда Лэнсдауна (1888–1894): проблемы развития

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the main activities of the Indian National Congress (INC) during the reign of Viceroy Lansdowne. During this period, the main objects of the Congress were official recognition by the colonial administration and the expansion of propaganda work in Britain. But Congress also had several internal problems, such as an undeveloped organizational structure and controversies over unresolved social problems in India. Methods and materials. Based on reports on the annual sessions of the INC and the Indian and British press, the article examines the main problems of the development of the INC in 1888– 1894, the reasons for the increased activity of the Congress in England and the process of the emergence of the Congress’ branches in London and the Indian Parliamentary Committee, and the peculiarities of the relationship between Congress and the colonial administration. Analysis. The Viceroy’s views on Congress and their differences from the previous course of the Indian government are analyzed. The specifics of the activities of the INC in Great Britain are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the parliamentary work of the Congress. The reasons for the intensification of internal contradictions in the INC in the early 1890s are investigated. Results. It is concluded that Viceroy Lansdowne’s refusal to abandon the repressive policy towards the Congress contributed to the progressive development of the Congress, which manifested itself in the revitalization of its activities in Great Britain. However, the development was accompanied by the strengthening of internal organizational contradictions and the beginning of the formation of a Congress’ radical wing.

Is Mob Lynching a Contemporary Social Problem in India?

The cases of mob lynching against the vulnerable groups are the matter of grave concern in contemporary Indian Society which is the worst form of crime against humanity. Today, people belong to vulnerable groups such as minorities and Dalits are seriously attacked and assaulted to death by mob of people of a particular community. These cases of mob lynching definitely affect the way of life and sense of well-being of minorities and Dalits to a large extent causing a fracture in their social and personal status in society which they have got as a human being. The objectives of the study are to understand the nature of mob lynching in the socio-cultural context of India and to examine the linkage between social media and mob lynching. The present study employs content analysis for the study of mob lynching. The data have been collected from lynching affected regions of the country through various news papers (Hindustan Times, The Hindu, The Indian Express and The Times of India etc., Delhi Edition) and monthly magazines (India Today and Economic Political Weekly etc.). The cases of mob lynching have been collected from March, 2013 to September, 2019. The study has found that the cases of lynching are committed against minorities and Dalits due to suspicion of beef consuming, cow slaughtering, skinning of dead cows child lifting, and theft. The study also indicates that most of cases of mob lynching are committed due to fake news, rumors and hate speeches which are circulated on social media platforms.

The (Mis) Representation of Racialized Minorities: Barbie Dolls as Social Problems in India

The (Mis) Representation of Racialized Minorities: Barbie Dolls as Social Problems in India

Neonatal line: A valuable evidence to prove female infanticide

Female infanticide is a widespread social problem in India. Majority of the cases of infanticide goes unreported, as there is a lack of proper evidence. It is very essential to distinguish live birth from stillbirth, to prove a case of infanticide. However, by the time, the mortal remains of the child are available for forensic examination, the body is decayed and putrefied; hence, soft-tissue evidence is lost. Although the chronological age of the child can be estimated by skeletal parameters, they cannot differentiate live birth and stillbirth. Thus, in such cases, the neonatal line is a valuable tool to prove female infanticide.

Prevalence of dental caries among 5 & 12 years old children - A retrospective data analysis

Background: Dental caries is an important social problem in India and is predominantly a disease of childhood. While there has been a great decline of caries incidence in high-income countries, the middle- and low-income countries suffer a high rate of incidence. It is due to the increasing consumption of refined carbohydrates, poor oral hygiene, and lack of dental awareness. This study aimed at the prevalence of dental caries among 5- and 12-year-old children in Tirukalukundram Taluk. Materials and Methods: A retrospective data analysis was performed with the data collected from the government school students in Tirukalukundram Taluk in 2018–2019. Registers containing data were screened for dental caries. Results: Among 515 study participants, 291 were male and 224 were female. The prevalence of dental caries is high among male compared to female children. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries is high in 5-year-old children than 12–year-old children. The filled component is nil in 5-year-old children. This clearly illustrates the utilization pattern of dental care services by the children. Hence, efforts should be taken to educate the rural people and government schoolchildren on oral hygiene and its maintenance.

A study on the prevalence of dental caries among the school-going children in Tamil Nadu

Background: Dental caries is an important social problem in India and is predominantly a disease of childhood. The prevalence and incidence of dental caries is influenced by various socio–demographic factors like age, sex, ethnic groups, dietary patterns and oral hygiene habits. The objective of the study were to estimate the prevalence of dental caries among the school going children aged between 5–10 years and to determine the risk factors associated with dental caries.Methods: A population based cross–sectional study was conducted among the primary school going children in Thirumazhisai from February 2016 to July 2016. Simple random sampling technique was employed and 357 children were identified for the study. Descriptive statistics was calculated for background variables and association between the risk factors and evidence of dental caries was analyzed by tests of proportions and chi square test was used as a statistical test of significance. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was found to be 63.9%. Higher prevalence of dental caries was found among the girls (54%), among the lower socioeconomic class (41.7%), among those who consumed mixed diet (74.8%), among those who consumed junk foods (62.6%) at least once every day and among those who consumed dairy products (58.9%) at least once every day. Dental caries was found to be low in prevalence among those who consumed fruits several times a week (6.1%), among those who brushed their teeth twice/more than twice a day (20.2%) and among those who washed their mouth after each meal (38.7%). Conclusions: Lack of awareness, improper dietary habits and poor oral hygienic practices are seemingly the contributing factors for the development of dental caries. Dental caries is a preventable disease which can be alleviated by creating community awareness through health education activities.

A study on prevalence of myopia among high school children in an urban area of Shivamogga: a cross sectional study

Background:Blindness is one of the significant social problem in India with uncorrected refractive error as the second major cause accounting for 19.7% of the blindness. Prevalence of myopia in children varies between the countries and it ranges from 7% to 30%. Among all refractive problems myopia is the major cause of disability in children. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and causes of myopia among high school children.Methods:This study was a descriptive Cross sectional study. Present study was conducted among high-school children of 13 - 16 years in an urban area of Shivamogga city of Karnataka state from July- August 2015. With expected frequency of 20%, confidence limit at 5% and confidence level at 95% the total sample size was 246. A pretested questionnaire was used for collection of data. Snellen's chart was used to find out the myopia.Results: The overall prevalence of myopia was found to be 23%. Out of 300 students 16%, 5%, and 1.7% of the students had mild, moderate and sever visual impairment respectively. Conclusions:The prevalence of myopia was higher among high school children in urban area and it was more among girls than the boys. Early diagnosis and correction of the refractive error has to be done to prevent future development of blindness.

Poverty and Condition of Employment among Social Groups in India

Poverty is primarily a social problem in India which has its historical root in social structure. Poverty among socially marginalised groups is proportionately very high which is inferred from their high engagement in the primary sector, casual works and unorganised sectors with low wages. Development induced displacement and land acquisition have left them with depeasantization and casual works. Constitutionally provided affirmative action and other government steps towards poverty alleviation and employment generation have partially solved their concerns. This paper examines the current situation of poverty and employment condition among socially marginalised groups, specifically among schedule caste and schedule tribes. It focuses on the causes of their deprivation and marginalisation. It also reflects the impact of government programmes and policies under inclusive development.

An Epidemiological Study on Perception of the Cataract Patients regarding Cataract Surgery in Tertiary Care Hospital, Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh

ABSTRACT Blindness is one of the significant social problems in India with 7 million of the total 45 million blind people in the world residing in our country. Major barriers to cataract surgery are poverty, no transportation, need not felt, and sex related. The low literacy rate among females and poor accessibility of the surgical sites were identified as important barriers in rural areas. There was also association found between socioeconomic status and cataract among cataract patients. In this study, a total of 208 participants who attended the ophthalmology outpatient department were studied for the observation on perception of cataract patient regarding cataract surgery. Data were analyzed and results were compared with other global studies. How to cite this article Kumar P, Joshi HS, Katyal R, Ranjan P. An Epidemiological Study on Perception of the Cataract Patients regarding Cataract Surgery in Tertiary Care Hospital, Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):148-150.

A Clinical Study of High Volume Camp Surgeries in a Tertiary Institute of Central India

Background: Blindness is one of the significant social problems in India with 7 million of the total 45 million blind people in the world residing in our country. If there is no change in the current trend of blindness, the number of blind persons in India would increase to 31.6 million in 2020.Apart from health and status of vision, there are many other socio-economic factors and perceptions, which influence the decision making of the people for getting operated for cataract. Productivity per individual surgeon/unit should be increased through a high volume, highquality cataract surgery approach to solve the problem of India’s curable blindness. As we are working in a Medical college hospital with experienced surgeons performing surgeries by Phaco-emulsification and utilizing the technique of manual small incision cataract surgery,planned study is undertaken to evaluate the results in a systematic manner. Aims and objectives: To analyze the outcome of cataract surgeries in camps in terms of duration of surgery, visual acuity, complications and their management. Material and Methods: It was a hospital-based, descriptive study. 3000 study subjects were recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology Chirayu medical College, Hospital from cataract camps, during three year period from December 2010 to December 2014. Results: In our study Mature cataract was seen in 41.2% cases.Intra operative complications were graded according to OCTET grading and was accounting for 5.30 %. Post-operative complications seen in our study was mild iritis 2.90%, severe iritis 2.28%, transient corneal oedema 4.20%, hypheama 1.17%, hypopyon 0.40%, residual cortex 1.20% and malposition of IOL seen in 3.30%. Levels of visual acuity after cataract surgery were categorized using the WHO guidelines of good outcome being 6/6 to 6/24, borderline outcome as 6/24 to 6/60 and poor outcome as <6/60 In the present study, the majority (89.5%) had a good outcome, (8.5 %) borderline, and (1.9)% cases had poor outcome, which implies that the visual outcome was very good. Conclusion - The study shows that high volume camp surgery plays a commendable role in transferring majority of elderly rural Indian population from the category of the blind and dependant to a group that is visually rehabilitated, independent, mobile and socially productive. A good choice of surgical technique, trained surgeons and paramedical personnel and good organizational setup can provide good visual outcome and increases the productivity per individual surgeon/unit to control blindness in developing world.

An overview of health concerns among elderly population

Background: Urbanisation, nuclearisation of family, migration, and dual career families are making care of the elderly more and more of a personal and social problem in India. Objective: Assess the concerns about health issues among elderly people. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study. Results: 64.4% of the elders were treated well and about 22.9% were treated very well during illness. 86.3% were consulted during illness. Son was the care taker in 55.6% of study subjects. 70.6% of elderly were consulted to allopathic practitioners / Govt Hospitals. Conclusion: It is the responsibility of family to look after elderly in respectful manner, especially during illness. The government should frame policies and provide social and economical security to elders.

PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE ERRORS IN ADOLESCENTS IN OUT- PATIENT ATTENDEES OF THE PREVENTIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY CLINIC OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, S K I M S, KASHMIR, INDIA

AbstractBlindness is one of the most significant social problems in India with uncorrected refractive errors as the second major cause accounting for 19.7% of blindness and low vision.All adolescents (12-18 years) attending the eye clinic from Jan 2007-Jan 2009 for any eye ailment were examined and screened for refractive error using Snellen's chart.Out of total 930 adolescents, 508(54.62%) of adolescents had refractive errors. Of the total males and females examined 57.43% and 52.12% respectively had refractive errors. The mean age of presentation was 14.3 years. Most of the adolescents presented with myopia 257(50.59%) followed by astigmatism (35.23%) and hypermetropia (14.17%).High prevalence of refractive errors warrants early detection and treatment.

Prevalence of violence against children in families in Tripura and Its relationship with socio-economic factors

:Background: Violence against children is a deep-rooted social problem in India. The problem is also related to economic as well as cultural beliefs and practices. The objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence and nature of violence experienced by the children in families in Tripura, India and its relationship with socio-economic factors. Methods: A group of 320 children (160 males and 160 females) studying in Class VIII and IX and aged between 14-19 participated in the study after obtaining their informed consent from eight randomly selected English and Bengali medium schools in Agartala, Tripura (India). Data were collected by using a specially designed 'Semi-structured Questionnaire. Results: Findings revealed that about 20.9% (67/320), 21.9% (70/230) and 18.1% (58/230) of the children experienced psychological, physical and sexual violence respectively. Male children were more likely to be victims of psychological and physical violence while female children experienced more sexual violence (p less than 0.01).Further analysis of data revealed some relationship between violence against children and nuclear family(p was less than 0.01),uncongenial and/or disturbed family environment (p was less than 0.01)and dominating, short-tempered and/or aggressive parent personality (p was less than 0.01),irrespective of the nature of the violence. Physical violence was found to be more prevalent in high income families (p was less than 0.01) while children from the lower income group of families experienced more psychological violence (p was less than 0.01). Sexual violence was found to be equally prevalent in all socio-economic groups. The study also clearly indicated that academic performance of violence-experienced children, irrespective of nature of violence and socio-economic groups was poor compared to academic performance of non-violence-experienced children (p was less than 0.01). Conclusions: About one-fifth of the children under study did experience violence in Tripura. Findings speak in favor of an intervention program for creating awareness among parents and teachers about the issue of violence against children, targeted at parents when they meet for periodic parent-teachers meetings in the educational institutions.

Violence against women in India: evidence from rural Maharashtra, India

In recent years violence against women has emerged as an important social problem in India. It has attracted the attention of a wide spectrum of agencies, from healthcare providers to law enforcement authorities. This study attempted to determine the characteristics and the magnitude of physical and psychological violence against women in rural Maharashtra, central India. The study initially undertook focus group activities. This was followed by the formulation of the survey instrument in English, which focused on partner violence and child disciplinary practices. After pre-testing the instrument in 25 households, the actual study was conducted by trained interviewers in five randomly selected villages of rural Maharashtra. The study included 500 households (sample size = 500 women, eligible if they had at least one child less than 18 years of age). The results revealed that of the women interviewed, almost one-third (30.4%) had no formal education and the women's husbands were better educated. More than half the women lived in one-room dwellings and were at or above the clinical cut-off point for depression on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). 38% of the women were verbally insulted by their husband with a median of 11 times in past 6 months. Almost half the women said they had been slapped, hit, kicked or beaten by their husbands at some time. 24% of the women reported having been kicked by their husbands at some point during their married life, and 44% were reportedly kicked during pregnancy. 12% were specifically threatened by their husbands with having kerosene oil poured on them to set them on fire. 30% of the physically assaulted victims required medical care. Considering the prevalence of domestic violence, health-care providers should screen for domestic violence in routine practice. In addition, protocols should be developed for referral of abused women to appropriate community resources. In the present Indian rural setting, solutions to domestic violence must be found within the social structure of the family and the community.

Leadership Patterns in Rural Maharashtra

Research Article| July 01 1964 Leadership Patterns in Rural Maharashtra V. M. Sirsikar V. M. Sirsikar Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1935) 4 (7): 929–939. https://doi.org/10.2307/3023497 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation V. M. Sirsikar; Leadership Patterns in Rural Maharashtra. Far Eastern Survey 10 April 1935; 4 (7): 929–939. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3023497 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

SOCIOLOGY, SOCIAL RESEARCH, AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN INDIA. Edited by R. N. Saksena. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1961. 192 pp. $7.50

SOCIOLOGY, SOCIAL RESEARCH, AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN INDIA. Edited by R. N. Saksena. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1961. 192 pp. $7.50

Sociology, Social Research, and Social Problems in India. Edited by R. N. Saksena. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1961. 193. Tables, Indices. $7.50

Sociology, Social Research, and Social Problems in India. Edited by R. N. Saksena. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1961. 193. Tables, Indices. $7.50