Social Policy Of Ukraine Research Articles

BASIC IMPERATIVES FOR MODELING PENSION PAYMENTS IN THE PENSION SECURITY SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to research and analysis of the amount of indexation of pension payments related to inflationary processes. The object of the study is the state of pension provision in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the process of indexation of pension payments as a result of the implementation of social policy in Ukraine. An analysis of the history of the development and reform of pension provision in Ukraine was carried out. This allowed for a deeper understanding of the content of events related to the establishment of pension provision in Ukraine. The research methodology involves the synergy of mathematical methods of analytical geometry and economic-mathematical modelling. It is shown that the presence of inflationary processes in the national economy leads to the need to increase the pension provision of citizens. At the same time, the size of the increase in pension payments should be differentiated in order to ensure social "justice". The scientific task set in the article is to demonstrate a modern approach to choosing a strategy for implementing the state pension policy in Ukraine. As a result of the research, two models of appropriate indexation of pension payments in Ukraine are presented. The calculation made it possible to choose the most significant model. In the future, it is advisable to direct the research to the search for other more effective ways of indexing pensions. It is assumed that for this it is necessary to formalize the mathematical formulation of the problem of finding the optimal value of the index of pension payments as extreme, taking into account the necessary restrictions. A scientific novelty in solving this issue is the receipt of practically significant recommendations regarding the indexation of pensions. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the elimination of social defects in the indexation of pension payments. Further research should be directed to the search for rational solutions that will stimulate the creation of an effective pension system in Ukraine.

SOCIAL INNOVATIONS AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF POST-WAR RECOVERY OF UKRAINE: CONCEPTUALISATION AND LEGAL ASPECTS

Global experiences of post-war and post-conflict recovery and reconstruction show that preparations for the post-war period should begin even before the conflict ends. For Ukraine's post-war recovery, promoting social entrepreneurship and implementing social innovations is crucial. These efforts will foster practical cooperation between the state, businesses, and the public, addressing various challenges collectively, solving socio-economic problems, and implementing reforms. The purpose of this article is to study the essence and evolution of knowledge about constructs and concepts in the fields of social innovation and social entrepreneurship, to substantiate the opportunities for the dissemination of social innovations, and to create conditions for social entrepreneurship in addressing social needs in the context of Ukraine's post-war recovery. Given its fragmented conceptualisation and widespread use by scholars, policymakers, and practitioners, this study is driven by the need for a theoretical justification of social innovation and entrepreneurship. Methods: To achieve this goal and solve specific tasks, empirical and theoretical research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, and generalisation. These methods, applied at a dialectical level, provide a scientific basis for theoretical and methodological approaches to introducing social innovations in public life. With the help of multidisciplinary ontological analysis and the use of bibliometric indicators, such as citations, co-citations, bibliometric links and coincidences, the main research trends in the knowledge clusters of social innovation and social entrepreneurship were identified. This was accomplished through system mapping with the VOSviewer tool and the analysis and synthesis of publications on social innovation and social entrepreneurship for deep theoretical and practical understanding, as well as evaluation of current research at the interdisciplinary level. Results and Conclusions: Ukrainian legislation does not define the concepts of "social innovation" and "social entrepreneurship," which hinders the development and functioning of social entrepreneurship and the production of social innovations. The war and its aftermath have created new challenges that require new practical approaches and means of solving social problems. One of these approaches is to combine the measures of the current social policy in Ukraine, limited by the organisational and financial involvement of the state in solving social problems, with the possibilities of public participation and entrepreneurial activity. Introducing modern world practices of social innovation and social entrepreneurship, as well as regulatory regulation of social enterprises, will be an essential step towards developing the non-governmental sector of social development and social protection policy.

Social policy of Ukraine under the conditions of martial state: level of support by EU states

Aim. The aim of this research is to highlight the influence of European integration on the optimization of the legal fundamentals of social policy in Ukraine. Methodology. The research is based on the comparative legal method used for comparison of EU social law with the social law of Ukraine. The method of dialectic enables to establish contradictions in the legal norms that regulate the social system of Ukraine and determine its social policy. The systemic and functional method was used to study the system of regulation of the sphere of social relations in Ukraine, systems of social policy measures as well as functional interrelationships between them. The method of generalization was used for the systematization and interpretation of the results obtained during the study. Results. The research showed that the main ways of improving social policy in Ukraine and legal regulation in the social sphere include: ratification of the European Social Charter and its implementation plan in Ukraine; creation of a coherent strategy in the field of provision of social services; the accession of Ukraine to the European Code of Social Security; partial reform of the legal regulation of labor and employment of the population; improvement of legal regulation and social policy in the field of social protection, labor and employment of internally displaced persons from temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. During the research, it was established that on the way to the EU, Ukraine has faced the following problems with its social policy and law: problems with the Ukrainian legislation on social security; problems with regulating the labor market, employment and poverty reduction; problems with improvement of the legislation on labor protection; problems with stimulating entrepreneurship as the basis for ensuring social standards and employment of the population; problems with adaptation of socially vulnerable groups of the population. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in international law.

Social policy in ensuring social progress

Introduction. The samples of social policies in the United States or European countries are not obligatory for implementation in the Ukrainian economy. However, their essence and corresponding characteristics, such as objectives, objects, subjects, functions, principles, must be scientifically substantiated and legislatively regulated, taking into account historical and national patterns and conditions of development. The purpose of the paper is the substantiation of the essence of "social policy" with an emphasis on its key directions and primary criteria in the context of ensuring social progress. Results. Social policy is a multifaceted and diverse concept, ranging from social protection of the population to the coverage of Human capital contributes to social progress through intellectual development, rather than solely manifesting in the growth of the population's income all social spheres. The author has provided a theoretical justification of social policy as a comprehensive concept that should encompass all aspects of social life: social, economic, political - necessary components for human potential development. Conclusion. Social policy should promote individual human development. Through empirical and theoretical research, the distinctive features of social policy have been summarized and characterized, allowing for an examination of the state of social policy in Ukraine in terms of individual human development on the path to social progress. A hypothesis regarding the harmonization of individualization and socialization elements in the concept of "social policy" is presented. One of the directions of social policy implementation should be the development of the individual. However, the state should be an accessible platform for providing relevant information, creating and supporting projects for achieving individual goals, and guaranteeing their realization.

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ОКРЕМИХ АСПЕКТІВ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ У 2014–2019 РР. ТА 2019–2022 РР.

Introduction. In the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022, Ukraine implemented various economic and social policies that resulted in diverse socio-economic consequences. This article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of specific aspects of social and economic policy during these periods. Analysis of scientific research. Research on specific theoretical and practical aspects of state economic and social policy implementation in Ukraine during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022 has been conducted by prominent scientists including S. V. Mocherny, Yu. S. Shemchushenko, O. P. Orlyuk, and others. The examination of the socio-economic consequences resulting from the implementation of economic and social policies in Ukraine during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022 remains insufficiently explored, necessitating comprehensive scientific research in this field. The purpose of this scientific article is to investigate specific aspects of economic and social policy implemented in Ukraine during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022. The main tasks of the article are to provide a theoretical and mathematical description of specific aspects of economic and social policy during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022, as well as to analyze their consequences in Ukraine. Research methodology and methods. During the writing of the article, several special research methods were employed. These methods include direct observation, which involved gathering information on various indicators such as the number of points in the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) in Ukraine from 2013 to 2022, changes in real gross domestic product (GDP) from 2016 to 2020, the amount of state and state-guaranteed debt from January 2016 to January 2022, and Ukraine's position in the democracy rating from 2014 to 2022. Information processing methods were used to develop tables for calculating the growth and changes in the number of points in the CPI in Ukraine from 2013 to 2022, as well as the amount of state and state-guaranteed debt from January 2016 to January 2022. Graphical analysis was conducted to examine the dynamics of the CPI in Ukraine from 2013 to 2022, changes in GDP from 2016 to 2021, the size of the state and state-guaranteed debt from January 2016 to January 2022, and Ukraine's position in the democracy rating from 2014 to 2021. The time range for analyzing changes in GDP and the national debt was chosen by the author to minimize the impact of the acute phases of the conventional Russian-Ukrainian war during 2014-2015 and after February 24, 2022. Similarly, the time range for the CPI from 2013 to 2022 was selected to demonstrate that the conventional war does not have a decisive influence on the fight against corruption. Additionally, the time range for Ukraine's position in the Democracy Rating from 2014 to 2021 was chosen to mitigate the impact of the large-scale conventional Russian-Ukrainian war that began on February 24, 2022. Research results. According to the data from the Corruption Perception Index, it was found that effective measures were taken by the Ukrainian authorities to combat corruption during the period of 2014-2018. However, from 2019 to 2023, the progress in the fight against corruption slowed down. The analysis also demonstrates that following the cessation of active hostilities that took place between 2014 and 2015, the economic policies implemented by the state authorities facilitated consistent economic growth for sixteen quarters, spanning from 2016 to 2019. However, after a change in power occurred in 2019, economic growth shifted from positive to negative starting from 2020. During the period of 2016-2019, the government's economic policies not only focused on fostering economic growth but also aimed at reducing the external debt burden on the economy. Conversely, following the change in power in 2019, the new leadership pursued an active policy of foreign borrowing, resulting in an increase in the debt burden on the Ukrainian economy. Scientific novelty of the research results. A comparative mathematical analysis was conducted to examine specific aspects of state economic and social policies in Ukraine during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022. Practical significance of the obtained research results. The author believes that conducting a qualitative comparative mathematical analysis of specific aspects of state economic and social policy in Ukraine during the periods from 2014 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2022 will facilitate the identification of more effective methods for implementing economic and social policies. This, in turn, will contribute to the establishment of an independent and efficient state. The article contains: formulas: 3, fig. 8, tab. 5, bibl. 24.

Determining factors of the formation of the social concept of public administration

Problem setting. Modern realities in Ukraine actualize the need for a significant modernization of public administration through the introduction of modern approaches in the implementation of the social function of the state, improvement of the public management practice of implementing social priorities. This implies the need to develop a scientifically based strategy for the formation and development of the social concept of public administration with the involvement of appropriate resource potential and taking into account the experience of Western countries. Recent research and publications analysis. The spectrum of social problems, theoretical and practical aspects of public management of social development, implemen- tation of social policy in Ukraine are revealed in the works of V. Hoshovska, L. Ilchuk, Kravchenko, L. Melnychuk, V. Omelchuk, O. Petroye, T. Semigina, S. Prylipko, A. Kha- letska, N. Yarosh and others. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Issues related to the need for a systematic conceptualization of the foundations and ways of modernizing modern management mechanisms in the context of responding to the latest social challenges and threats related to the state of war in Ukraine remain insufficiently studied; improvement of the institutional and regulatory legal regulation of social support for vulnerable categories of the population; increasing the efficiency of the social services market. Paper main body. Determining the essence of the social policy of a democratic state, it is necessary to focus on three main methodological principles: publicity (ensuring the validity of information within the limits of current legislation, maximum coverage in the mass media and informing consumers of social services), polysubjectivity (updating the definition of specific subjects provision of social services in the context of the implemen- tation of administrative and territorial reform, including, in particular, representatives of the non-state sector) and justice (adherence to proportionality and an individual approach to each recipient of assistance from the state, which involves a clear consideration of the rights of each person to receive state social assistance and bringing the last to rationally justified standards and norms of material support). The basic criterion categories of the formation of the social concept of public administration are: 1) social balance (based on the balancing of opportunities for access to resources and services of regions/communities); 2) social responsibility (based on the paradigm of balancing economic development and social well-being of the population); 3) social capital (based on the strength of social relations, trust, shared values); 4) social security (presupposes the state of legal and institutional protection of subjects of social relations against possible social risks, dangers and threats); social quality (as a synthesis of the quality of social institutions and the quality of the system of social standards and regulations to ensure the realization of social rights and interests of citizens). From the point of view of distinguishing the above criterion categories, it is expedient to specify the system of determining factors of the formation of the social concept of public administration on the basis of relevant social indicators. It is important to focus special attention on the issue of resource opportunities and the strategic potential of forming the social concept of public administration. In particular, the strategic potential is proposed to be considered in the organizational fnd labor, management, innovation and information dimensions. Conclusions. Determining the system of determining factors for the formation of the social concept of public administration and measurements of the strategic potential of its implementation will contribute to ensuring the objective prioritization of directions and substantiating the phasing of implementation by supporting and developing potential opportunities; activation of investment processes, coordination with the strategy of socio- economic development and coordination of management actions at the level of the state/region/community.

NORMATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF SOCIAL POLICY IN MODERN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the topical issue of normative field formation of social policy in modern Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to define the concept and peculiarities of formation and implementation of social policy in modern Ukraine in the legal field. Methods of research applied: the specific search method (theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization of existing legal documents) and the method of theoretical and structural clarification of the conceptual apparatus. It is established that «social policy» is a multifaceted concept: it is considered by scholars from different perspectives ‒ legal, economic, sociological, and pedagogical. Thus, each of the definitions presents a certain aspect of social policy in two ways: 1) as a set of measures of society and the State aimed at achieving social goals; 2) as the State policy whose main task is to ensure the State-building capabilities of society members. The authors substantiate the legal basis for the formation of social policy in Ukraine, based on the norms of international legal acts ratified by Ukraine (acts of the UN, ILO, Council of Europe, etc.) aimed at creating and ensuring the implementation of universally recognized humanistic and democratic world standards for solving social problems (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Social Charter, the European Social Security Code, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, etc.). The analysis of the legal framework for social policy in Ukraine demonstrates the need for a thorough analysis and examination of social legislation with a view to determining its compliance with international standards; development of a model of the social state based on the rule of law, taking into account the objective conditions of society's life; formation of a new concept of interaction between the State and a person, etc.

ОСНОВНІ МОДЕЛІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ДЕРЖАВИ

The article is devoted to the basic models of social policy of the modem state. It was determined that the functioning of industrialization-type economies objectively required clear regulation of labor relations and corresponding state social policy, which, in turn, determined the need to regulate the social life of society. It is established that in modem conditions one of the priorities of the state social policy is the formation of an effective model of it, which will allow to strike a balance between monetary income of the population and commodity resources, create conditions for solving the housing problem, meeting the demand of the population, increasing its spirituality, education and culture. The implementation of this model of social policy in Ukraine requires not only the tremendous efforts of the state, but also the broad support of the civil society itself. The task of implementing an active model of social policy in our country should be solved today in the interests of ensuring effective social policy, prosperity of our state and citizens in the future. The article states that the level of effectiveness of any model of social policy is expressed only with an appropriate organizational and financial base. Funding of social programs and measures affecting social policy directly depends on the specific weight of expenditures for this industry in the GDP, as well as on the amount of public income. It is shown that the European model of social policy is also distinguished by the importance of the middle class, which is the basis of social stability, the reduction of social tension and the sustainable development of society. In recent years, in European countries, more than 2/3 of the social budget is directed to health care and education, which are especially important for this class. At the same time, the rate of growth of expenses for such purposes is usually quite high. Thus, comparing the social models of modern states, the author emphasizes the choice of the optimal social model for Ukraine.

Композиція порівняльних характеристик соціальної політики європейських країн

The aim of the study is a scientific substantiation and compositional presentation of comparative characteristics of social policy trends in a number of European countries, taking into account a certain set of social security criteria and drawing analytical conclusions about their changes. The relevance of expanding the spheres of implementation of social policy, conditioned by the current transformations of social values and rapid technological development of the world economy, is substantiated. This requires constant monitoring of social changes and analysis of the impact of the global environment on the socioeconomic development of countries. Some comparative characterizations of social security of the population of several European countries are provided according to a number of criteria (ratification of the updated ILO Conventions on Social Security, effective social protection coverage (including the SDG indicators 1.3.1, 3.8.1), expenditures on health care and social protection, legislative coverage of social protection, child and family benefits, maternity protection, sickness assistance, protection against occupational injuries, protection against unemployment, disability benefits, old age pensions). The clear difference between the social policy of Ukraine and the European countries, which is mainly related to the socioeconomic situation of our country and has intensified since the beginning of the aggravation of hybrid threats and the need for military protection, is emphasized. The tendencies that determine the critical necessity of the current reforms in social policy and having a significant impact on the socioeconomic situation of the European countries are allocated. The further deepening of social problems and the need for even more active reform of the social sphere are emphasized. It is concluded that the main task of Ukraine in the current conditions is to meet the basic needs and interests of society, to maintain the basic processes of life of society, to ensure the development and creation of social values at a sufficient level.

Social policy of Ukraine in the field of employment under martial law

Introduction. At the current stage of the Ukrainian economy's and sociopolitical state's growth, the society faces a variety of social difficulties, one of which is unemployment. Because Ukraine's current stage of historical development is marked by worldwide transformative changes that influence social well-being, this promotes domestic changes in the processes of social policy implementation. It is important to note that the current situation of the state's economy might be perceived as unstable, as a result of a variety of objective and subjective issues. The labor market and the level of national employment underwent significant deformation during the martial law period, owing to the temporary occupation of settlements and their economic potential, mass internal and external migration of the workforce, and general economic reformation. In response to these circumstances, governmental institutions of social policy are adjusting their methods in order to adapt and execute efficient social protection. Ukraine's State Employment Service is authorized to carry out state social policy in the labor market and employment regulation. As employment management is intricately intertwined with practically all elements of human existence, including society, economy, politics, culture, and spirituality, the subject of successful employment service activity in current settings emerges. In recent years, the sphere of employment regulation has been regularly redesigned in response to internal and external elements of influence, such as the Covid-19 epidemic in earlier years, and at current stage, active military operations and martial law throughout Ukraine's territory. Thus, by evaluating the real difficulties of employment under martial law, the major paths for strengthening social policy in this sector in general, and the activities of the Employment Service of Ukraine as one of its tools, may be formed. The purpose of the article is to identify problematic aspects of social policy in the field of employment of the population in the conditions of martial law and to form potential ways of solving and amortizing them. The methodological basis of this article is the employment theory of John Maynard Keynes, which is based on the assertion of the need for active state intervention in the macroeconomic functioning of the market economy in crisis conditions. The results. It has been proved that under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, there has been a rise in the overall level of employment as well as an escalation of a number of negative factors impacting the labor market. According to Maynard K.'s theory, demonstrates the necessity for governmental management of macroeconomic processes in the state, particularly during martial law. It is worth mentioning that the state is the de jure guarantee of maintaining effective employment in both peacetime and wartime situations, and that the state cannot properly control the labor market under crisis conditions. We developed theses on the primary approaches of amortization and implementation of these features to improve the level of employment in Ukraine under martial law based on the list of recognized challenges in the sphere of employment.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ПРАЦІ МЕНЕДЖЕРІВ ЛОКОМОТИВНОГО ДЕПО ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

The article lists the normative documents regarding the qualification characteristics of the professions of railway transport workers, starting from 1999, which have lost their validity, until 2016, where we are talking about the Order of the Ministry of Infrastructure No. 181 dated 05/20/2016, which is currently a guide to the qualification characteristics of the professions employees, Issue 66 Railway transport and metro, part 1 "Managers, professionals, specialists and technical employees", agreed with the Ministry of Labor and Social Policy of Ukraine. The composition of this order and the specifics of the job duties of employees depending on the specific conditions and situations of today in comparison with the established qualification characteristics of the professions are revealed. The organizational structure of locomotive depot production management and the main functions of depot management are considered, namely: operative management of operation and repair of locomotives, technical management of production, quality control of work and products, technical and economic planning, financing and accounting, repair and energy maintenance of equipment, material – technical support, personnel management, administrative and economic services, etc. The functional responsibilities of the depot chief, chief engineer, deputy depot chief for operation, depot duty officer, and locomotive depot foreman are given. Operational management of the operation of locomotives, which is headed by the deputy head of the depot for operation, is considered, the drivers are subordinate to him – instructors, and the locomotive crews are subordinate to him, and the apparatus of duty officers at the depot, who have orderlies, operators and technicians under their command. Operational management of locomotive repair is also considered, which is entrusted to the deputy head of the repair depot, to whom senior foremen and foremen of repair stations and departments are subordinate. It was determined that for successful production and educational work, the manager needs to accurately fulfill his functional duties, skillfully use his rights and clearly imagine his responsibility for the work performed.

Legal fundamentals of the social policy in Ukraine: influence of European integration

Purpose. The aim of this research is to highlight the influence of European integration on the optimization of the legal fundamentals of social policy in Ukraine. Methodology. The research is based on the comparative legal method used for comparison of EU social law with the social law of Ukraine. The method of dialectic enables to establish contradictions in the legal norms that regulate the social system of Ukraine and determine its social policy. The systemic and functional method was used to study the system of regulation of the sphere of social relations in Ukraine, systems of social policy measures as well as functional interrelationships between them. The method of generalization was used for the systematization and interpretation of the results obtained during the study. Results. The research showed that the main ways of improving social policy in Ukraine and legal regulation in the social sphere include: ratification of the European Social Charter and its implementation plan in Ukraine; creation of a coherent strategy in the field of provision of social services; the accession of Ukraine to the European Code of Social Security; partial reform of the legal regulation of labor and employment of the population; improvement of legal regulation and social policy in the field of social protection, labor and employment of internally displaced persons from temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. During the research, it was established that on the way to the EU, Ukraine has faced the following problems with its social policy and law: problems with the Ukrainian legislation on social security; problems with regulating the labor market, employment and poverty reduction; problems with improvement of the legislation on labor protection; problems with stimulating entrepreneurship as the basis for ensuring social standards and employment of the population; problems with adaptation of socially vulnerable groups of the population. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in international law.

Ensuring the right of social protection in the conditions of covid-19

Since 2020, numerous measures have been taken by governments to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, which have certainly had and continue to have a huge impact on economic and social life. This has significant implications for various socio-political spheres and has a significant impact on the health care system, the labor market, the economy, and so on. For social protection systems, the pandemic has become a challenge. In times of crisis, countries have had to find a balance for successful and effective governance, where on the one hand there is a threat to the life and health of the population, and on the other – the risk of negative social consequences caused by anti-epidemiological measures. One of the main response measures was the reorien-tation of the health care system to combat the epidemic, while the main risks were rising poverty, declining employment and income.
 The article is devoted to the study of social policy in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is noted that an important aspect is the implementation of social policy based on distributivity, ie the conduct of their activities by the competent authorities on the basis of redistributive processes aimed at overcoming socio-economic inequality among different segments of the population.
 The official appeal of the Statement on COVID-19 and social rights regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the social rights of the European Committee of Social Rights has been considered. The main directions of social policy implementation are outlined. A number of normative-legal acts on regulation of this issue have been researched and analyzed. Three forms of realization of social support in Ukraine and their realization are considered. Emphasis is placed on the introduction of a remote form of employee performance of their duties, which has led to the emergence of a new type of employment relationship, which differs in its implementation from the usual. The growing level of digitalization of public services, which was a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, is justified. The introduction of a set of measures to support the population and business in Ukraine since 2020 has been studied. It is proposed to consider social support of citizens in this period from two aspects, as direct and indirect

USE OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF REGIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER

The article substantiates the use of modern information technologies to ensure the competitiveness of the regions. The directions of using information technologies to strengthen the competitiveness of Amalgamated hromada are considered. The optimal management of Amalgamated hromada with information technologies in such essential areas as accounting, document management, inventory management, etc., is investigated. The cost of accounting services for the year is calculated. The advantages of using a tracking complex (tracking equipment, software, integration into a web representation, automated Amalgamated hromada control systems, etc.) are considered. It is analyzed that the necessary tool should be using methods to assess the quality of Amalgamated hromada services with problems and suggestions. Such a tool will significantly strengthen the relationship of the community with the leaders of the Amalgamated hromada, and therefore the reaction of the Amalgamated hromada to changes in political, economic, or social policy of Ukraine can be based on the views of residents. The use of automated school systems is relevant both for the Amalgamated hromada staff and for Amalgamated hromada schools. The main advantages of automation of the educational process in Amalgamated hromada schools are investigated. According to the algorithm, decision-making on the implementation of IT services and evaluating their effectiveness is carried out in 4 stages and formed an algorithm for the use of information technology in Amalgamated hromada to increase competitiveness. It is investigated that the central IT tool that uses Amalgamated hromada to improve its competitive advantage is its official representation on the Internet - the official website. Having all the necessary information on the site will increase site traffic and earn extra income through placement, although this should not end itself. An algorithm for using IT in Amalgamated hromada to increase competitiveness is proposed, where specific stages are identified - from checking the need for this service (capacity testing) to the decision-making stage.

Social insurance schemes: foreign experience in the realities of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the justification of the role and importance of compulsory social insurance in developed countries. Special attention is paid to the importance of active orientation to public policy in social sphere. Foreign practices in the implementation of social protection of population and regulation of social development are analyzed. The priority directions for reforming the public social policy in Ukraine in the context of adaptation to the standards of highly developed countries are determined. Key institutional features of national social insurance systems are studied. Conceptual components of forming civilized social security institute, based on the advanced achievements. Substantiated mechanism for financing social protection and social security. Features of financing social services at the local level generally accepted for all developed foreign countries is a division of local budgets into two distinct functional types of local budgets. This local current (administrative) budget and local budgets Development (Investment Funds). Each of these types has its own budget expenditures and revenues. Experience in the development of public relations reveals that social security is an objective and necessary phenomenon. The objectivity of social insurance due to the risky nature of the market economy and the need to establish financial guarantees to ensure that persons who for certain reasons are unable to participate in the process of material production and to get paid for their work. The analysis of foreign experience and its comparison with state realities is allowed the author to make a number of proposals to improve the state practice of social insurance.

Social policy in Ukraine during the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on public finance

The Purpose of the article: research and analysis of social policy in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on public finances. Methodology: dialectical method of cognition of social phenomena, logical-semantic and formal-logical methods, special-legal method. Conclusions and results: it is noted that an important aspect is the implementation of social policy based on distributivity, that is, competent authorities being able to conduct their activity on the basis of redistributive processes aimed at overcoming socio-economic inequality among different segments of the population. Emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of introduction of a remote form of work that enables employees to continue to perform their duties. The growing level of digitalization of public services is justified. The introduction of a range of measures to support the population and business in Ukraine since 2020 has been studied. It is found that social support of citizens in this period can be considered in two aspects, as direct and indirect. Direct social support is a set of measures taken by the government to ensure the implementation of social rights of citizens by increasing the amount of social benefits. Indirect social support of citizens should include measures taken by the government to curb unemployment.

State Policy for the Private Healthcare Sector Development of Ukraine

The need to ensure quality and comprehensive healthcare at the world standard level determines the establishment and importance of private medicine in the healthcare system. It forms the task to reform, develop, and implement targets for private medicine. This article aims to investigate the measures by state policy in promoting private medical services. The methodological basis of this study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, system approach, and methods of logistic analysis. The empirical research involved retrospective, structural and comparative analyses. To achieve the study goal, the following tasks were solved: 1) determination of the theoretical basis of the state policy in private healthcare based on scientific background; 2) the analysis of the state policy in Ukrainian healthcare; 3) identification of the role of private medicine in the health care system; 4) the comprehensive analysis of the medical institution activities on the example of a private clinic «L-MED Clinic»; 5) determination of the connection between the effectiveness of activities and the marketing activities in promoting medical services. is study determined the importance of private medicine in the healthcare system of Ukraine. Private treatment and prevention facilities relieve the burden on public hospitals and clinics. The main competitive advantages of private healthcare institutions include availability, sufficient admission time, responsibility and organized attitude to the treatment process, quality diagnosis, full-range medical services, courtesy and attentive staff, comfortable and pleasant interior, etc. Based on the findings, the authors provided practical recommendations for improving the state policy, state regulation of private medical activity, and implementing the best world practices of branching out of the health care sector. The obtained results could be useful to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in state regulation of healthcare reformation in Ukraine.

Pension fund of Ukraine as a subject of dispute resolution in the field of social security

The formation of Ukraine as a welfare state requires the restructuring of the entire system of social protection. The main principles of such restructuring are that a person, his life and health are recognized as the highest social, and citizens have the right to social protection (Articles 3, 46 of the Constitution of Ukraine). Social security issues concern everyone. However, at present, the majority of the population still does not have a clear idea of private pension funds and the services they offer. This article is devoted to the study of the subject, which provides basic social guarantees for the stable development of society. One of the most important directions for members of society to transform the social policy of the state is to reform the pension system, which affects the interests of several generations for a long time. The article considers the activity of the Pension Fund of Ukraine as a subject of dispute resolution in the field of social security. The activities of the Pension Fund of Ukraine are subordinated and coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Social Policy of Ukraine. Pension provision is considered as a component of the system of social obligations of the state. The problems of financial support of the Pension Fund, which are due to the peculiarities of the solidarity system of compulsory state pension insurance, are studied. Pension provision is one of the most important social guarantees of stable development of society, as it directly affects the interests of the disabled population and indirectly able-bodied population. And it becomes extremely important in the period of economic transformations taking place in Ukraine. Pension provision is the main component of the state system of social protection and, of course, reflects the characteristics of this higher system, which is a system of interconnected funds, bodies and institutions, entities, types of provision and legal acts. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need for in-depth study of problematic issues in the field of pensions in order to create a reliable and adequate to market conditions of the social protection system for the population.

Health Status of internally displaced persons in Georgia and Ukraine

Abstract Background Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are a vulnerable groups of population in Eastern European countries, such as Georgia and Ukraine. As of 2019, according to the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, there are 1,355,375 IDPs in Ukraine. The number of IDPs in Georgia today is 273,411. After leaving the shelter, IDPs must deal with various obstacles. However, the health status of this vulnerable group, their access to health services and their needs have not been properly addressed in these countries. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the mental health outcomes, and to evaluate the access to the health services among IDPs in Georgia and Ukraine. Methods The study follows the principles of PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. We used following databases for searching relevant literature on mental health outcomes: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and PsychINFO. We additionally searched national policy documents from the ministries, local journals in Georgia and Ukraine, and a grey literature. Results 773 results obtained from selected scientific databases were screened against exclusion criteria. We included 15 studies in final analysis, 9 examined the health status of IDPs in Georgia, and 6 in Ukraine. We found that majority of the IDPs are women and children, among whom, the largest share on mental disorders comes from women. In general, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and sleeping disorders and alcohol dependence were the most frequently examined mental health outcomes among IDPs in both countries. Included studies showed 43% less mental health service usage among alcohol users when compared to non-alcohol users in Ukraine and Georgia. Conclusions Despite the increased need, the study found that IDPs are facing barriers to access health care, especially mental health services are limited. This further worsens health outcomes, such as PTSD and anxiety disorders. Key messages IDPs in Georgia and Ukraine need better access to mental health services, such as health insurance coverage, mental health screening services and effective referral system. Primary health care providers are encouraged to provide comprehensive information to IDPs on where and how they can get health services.

SOCIAL POLICY MODERNIZATION: CONTROVERSY OF THE HUMANITARIAN AND FINANCIAL DIMENSIONS

Social policy in Ukraine requires a deep reform, a new paradigm in which exercising of the rights to social protection would be considered and function as a mechanism of sustainability support for the social system. Within the general problem of social policy modernization we point out an aspect related to the fact that rather often solving of social problems is replaced with populistic imitation as the result of critical shortage of financial and organizational resources as well as absence of any conceptual vision of the mechanism to be used to mobilize such resources. The goal of the article is to identify the ways of coordinating high humanitarian goals of social policy with real financial opportunities of the Ukrainian state. Realization of the fact that the country cannot afford to implement social programs fixing the current state of arts and creating obstacles on the way to structural changes in the economy should be the starting principle of social policy modernization. Transition from «social costs» policy to «social investment» policy, encouragement of the behavior of citizens that would promote economic effectiveness of the country is required. However, even in case the best, most fair models of national product re-distribution are applied, that will not adequately solve current problems. Since the main issue is what resources will be mobilized by the state to achieve social re-distribution and using what methods it will achieve this. We substantiate that the system of progressive taxation with parallel systemic changes in the fiscal policy, effective campaign against tax evasion could be the most effective tool for expanding budget finance base for the social domain. Another social policy mechanism is the system of social insurance, developed over the years of independence, primarily directed at quick response to numerous available challenges, sometimes, of force majeure nature. Its reform requires a comprehensive social insurance concept, reconciliated with the wage system, tax system, labour market policy, and demographic situation.