Social Pharmacy Research Articles

A Management and Special Pharmacy Services Course for Pharmacy Students

Abstract: Purpose: To describe the designing and implementation of a Management and Special Pharmacy Services course. Methods: According to the typology of teaching activity established by the Ministry of Higher Education of Cuba a course was designed. The course was focus on the development and management of innovative practices in all areas of pharmacy practice. To assess the students’ perceptions related to the course a 9-item survey was distributed to 25 students. Results: All students returned the survey. Of the respondents, 91% strongly agreed or agreed that the objectives for student learning were met and 71% agreed that the course furthered their understanding of the impact of managed care and pharmacy management, and increased their competency to practice pharmacy. Conclusion: Management education experiences such as this course will help better prepare our next generation of community and hospital pharmacy managers. Key words: Pharmacy Management Education, Pharmaceutical Care, Social Pharmacy, Pharmacy Education, University.

Workshop: Doctoral training in social pharmacy – Enhancing networking and sharing resources to improve quality of social pharmacy research

Workshop: Doctoral training in social pharmacy – Enhancing networking and sharing resources to improve quality of social pharmacy research

How Do We Confront Problems of Society ? —Aiming for Recommendation from Social Pharmacy—

How Do We Confront Problems of Society ? —Aiming for Recommendation from Social Pharmacy—

Advances in Hospital Pharmacy

Pharmacy practice has passed several rounds of advancements over the past few years. It had changed the traditional positioning criteria of pharmacists as business people into patient-centered healthcare professionals. This worldwide shift is increasingly accumulating pressure on pharmacists to turn up into better level of service providing accompanied with higher demand of inter-personal skills and intellectual capabilities. This can be accomplished through stressing the significance of continuing pharmacy education in basic sciences as well as social and administrative pharmacy techniques and its collaboration in elevating the quality of pharmacy practice.

Teaching Social Issues in Use of Medicines to Pharmacy Students

Introduction: Pharmacists can help people understand, manage and use their medications appropriately. The subject of social pharmacy is gaining in importance in many countries. In South Asia pharmacy education concentrates on technical drug related aspects. Pokhara University conducts an undergraduate programme in Pharmacy. The students are trained in various aspects of Clinical Pharmacy at the Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH). Methods: The authors conducted a session on ‘Social issues in use of medicines’ using case scenarios and role-plays. The students were divided into three small groups of 5 or 6 students each. Each group was given three case scenarios and analyzed and presented these using role-plays. The major issues covered were access to medicines/healthcare, aggressive pharmaceutical promotion, misconceptions about disease, brand versus generic medicines, drug regulation, ethical issues in clinical research, etc. The degree of agreement of the participants with a set of 15 statements was noted using a modified Likert-type scale. Free text comments about the session were invited. Results: A total of 31 students participated. The median (interquartile range) score was 61 (58-64). The maximum possible score was 75. The students enjoyed the session and felt it would be useful in their future career. Conclusion: The overall student opinion regarding the session was positive. We plan to continue the session in future. Key words: Case scenarios, Nepal, Role-plays, Social issues, Undergraduate pharmacy students.

Take the First Step as a Medication Education Leader! The Holding and Report of a Workshop for Nurturing Medication Education Leaders of the Japanese Society of Social Pharmacy

Take the First Step as a Medication Education Leader! The Holding and Report of a Workshop for Nurturing Medication Education Leaders of the Japanese Society of Social Pharmacy

Pharmacy and primary care perspectives on e-prescribing in a rural community: A focused ethnography.

Electronic prescribing (ERx) is the ability for prescriber to send a digital prescription directly to a pharmacist through a dedicated secure network. A number of federally funded incentives such as the health information technology for economic and clinical health (HITECH) and Meaningful Use standards have led to ERx implementation. ERx is an integral part of primary care practice and today most community pharmacies are enabled to accept e-prescriptions. Little is known about the experience of rural pharmacists, primary care providers and patients regarding e-prescribing. This paper reports on the results of ERx from their perspectives. The findings are a portion of a larger qualitative descriptive study focused on the meaning of Meaningful Use in remote rural communities. One remote rural community in the Pacific Northwest was used for this research endeavor. Explore understandings of e-prescribing from both pharmacist and primary care provider perspective. Explore patients' understandings and experiences of e-prescribing. The conceptual model for this research was the Ecological Transactional Model. This model informed the research design, interview questions and analysis. A qualitative descriptive methodology - focused ethnography was used for this study. Six key informant interviews, 14 patient interviews and 15hours of participant observation provided the data. Data analysis occurred collectively between a social pharmacy researcher, a primary care nurse practitioner-researcher and pharmacy graduate students. The research qualitatively identified contextual understandings and dimensions of ERx in this setting. Based on a focused ethnographic methodology, contextual understandings of rurality and role identity, both pharmacist and primary care provider, were explored. Perspectives on ERx of patients, clinic manager and RN staff were also elicited. Three dimensions of ERx were identified - technological, structural and communication. The structural, technological and communication dimensions are essential in understanding e-prescribing across settings and addressing digital divides in our health care system. Implications for interprofessional pharmacy education were addressed. Understanding the rural context and the need for role adaptability has implications for health care policy. Additional research is needed on the role of the rural pharmacist and how best to interact with primary care providers and patients.

第35年会「社会における薬剤師の価値」開催にあたって

第35年会「社会における薬剤師の価値」開催にあたって

Social Pharmacy: Its Performance and Promise.

Among private Universities of Pharmacy in Japan, Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy was the first to introduce courses in social pharmacy in 1991. Social pharmacy is a discipline driven by social needs. By studying the relationship between pharmacy and society, particularly through case studies, the impact of drugs and changes in societal expectation of them, as well as through historical background studies and surveys of current trends, this discipline acts to determine the roles of pharmacists and pharmacies expected by society. Social pharmacy requires a basic knowledge of pharmaceutical science, but an understanding from economic viewpoints of the current systems and structures in which healthcare functions is important as well. Once these are understood, the goal is to identify social problems, and to create and apply models for their resolution which connect pharmacy and society. So far, social pharmacy has played an important role in training programs for community-based pharmacists essential for a hyper-aged society, for community pharmacies' health management programs aimed at promoting the health of residents, and educational programs for elementary and middle school children.

Using confirmatory factor analysis to manage discriminant validity issues in social pharmacy research.

Background Confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) are increasingly used in social pharmacy research. One of the key benefits of CFA is that it allows researchers to provide evidence for the validity of internal factor structure of measurement scales. In particular, CFA can be used to provide evidence for the validity of the assertion that a hypothesized multi-dimensional scale discriminates between sub-scales. Aim This manuscript aims to provide guidance for researchers who wish to use CFA to provide evidence for the internal factor structure of measurement scales. Methods The manuscript places discriminant validity in the context of providing overall validity evidence for measurement scales. Four examples from the recent social pharmacy literature are used to critically examine the various methods which are used to establish discriminant validity. Using a hypothetical scenario, the manuscript demonstrates how commonly used output from CFA computer programs can be used to provide evidence for separateness of sub-scales within a multi-dimensional scale. Conclusion The manuscript concludes with recommendations for the conduct and reporting of studies which use CFA to provide evidence of internal factor structure of measurement scales.

Social Pharmacy Research in Copenhagen-Maintaining a Broad Approach.

Social Pharmacy (SP) is a multidisciplinary field to promote the adequate use of medicine. The field of SP is increasingly important due to a numbers of new trends all posing challenges to society. The SP group at the University of Copenhagen has for several years used a broad approach to SP teaching and research, often illustrated by the four levels: individual, group, organizational, and societal. In this paper the relevance of maintaining a broad approach to SP research is argued for and examples of the importance of such type of research is presented.

In Hope of Development of the Social Pharmacy

In Hope of Development of the Social Pharmacy

What is Social Pharmacy? An Overview

What is Social Pharmacy? An Overview

Social Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy-Joining Forces.

This commentary seeks to define the areas of social pharmacy and clinical pharmacy to uncover what they have in common and what still sets them apart. Common threats and challenges of the two areas are reviewed in order to understand the forces in play. Forces that still keep clinical and social pharmacy apart are university structures, research traditions, and the management of pharmacy services. There are key (but shrinking) differences between clinical and social pharmacy which entail the levels of study within pharmaceutical sciences, the location in which the research is carried out, the choice of research designs and methods, and the theoretical foundations. Common strengths and opportunities are important to know in order to join forces. Finding common ground can be developed in two areas: participating together in multi-disciplinary research, and uniting in a dialogue with internal and external key players in putting forth what is needed for the profession of pharmacy. At the end the question is posed, “What’s in a name?” and we argue that it is important to emphasize what unifies the families of clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy for the benefit of both fields, pharmacy in general, and society at large.

第34年会「今、社会において薬学が出来ること」開催にあたって

第34年会「今、社会において薬学が出来ること」開催にあたって

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАДАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ СПЕЦІАЛІСТАМ ФАРМАЦІЇ

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАДАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ СПЕЦІАЛІСТАМ ФАРМАЦІЇ

Importance of Incorporating Social Pharmacy Education in Yemeni Pharmacy Schools Curriculum

Social and behavioral science has been acknowledged to offer a remarkable contribution in pharmacist training. The main aim of this article is to highlight the importance of incorporating social pharmacy education in Yemeni pharmacy school curriculum.&nbsp; The article discusses the concept of social pharmacy, contribution of social pharmacy to pharmacy practice, pharmacy education in Yemen and the need of social pharmacy in Yemen with the Faculty of Pharmacy, Aden University as an example. In conclusion, the act of incorporating social pharmacy will add more advantages to the existing pharmacy education in Yemen. Therefore, there is a strong urge to train future pharmacists in the multiple aspects of social pharmacy. <strong>Key words: </strong>Social pharmacy, Education, Curriculum, Yemen.

Nordic social pharmacy and health services research conference & the nordic networking group of clinical pharmacy : june 3-5, 2015, tartu, estonia.

Nordic social pharmacy and health services research conference & the nordic networking group of clinical pharmacy : june 3-5, 2015, tartu, estonia.

Departamentos de práctica farmacéutica en el mundo, en 2006

Aims: A Web based research was desgined in 2006 to search for Pharmacy Practice, Social and Administrative Pharmacy departements in all Pharmacy Schools in the world. Material and Methods: The International Federation Pharmacy list of all Faculty of Pharmacy in the world was used. The key words used were: Pharmacy Practice, Social Pharmacy and Administrative Pharmacy in different languages: English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: 718 Faculties of Pharmacy were identified, 192 reaching the inclusion criteria. 83 out of them had a PPD with a key word in their web site. In Oceania there were 9 PPD, in Asia 8 and in Europe 22. In America 43, all of them located in North America while in Africa there was only one university with a PPD. Conclusions: The biggest rate of implementation of PPD happens in well developed countries. They are autonomous, independent from other departments and with a multidisciplinary structure.

Reports of the Memorial Symposium of 32nd Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Social Pharmacy

Reports of the Memorial Symposium of 32nd Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Social Pharmacy