Social Perception Research Articles

Factors influencing persons with disabilities perception in entrepreneurship: The mediating effect of entrepreneurial motivation

Disability inclusion is important to ensure everybody has the same opportunities in society, which is critical in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) are one of the marginalized communities and most of them are living in poverty. Disabilities encounter many challenges internally and externally due to their disabilities. They are struggling to keep their jobs due to their own self-confidence and social stigma and entrepreneurship is said to be the best option for PWDs to gain economic liberation. However, many PWDs still depend on government assistance and public donations instead of starting their own business. This study investigates the mediating effect of entrepreneurial motivation on the relationship between internal and external factors of PWDs’ perceptions of entrepreneurship in Malaysia. A quantitative approach to the survey was carried out. A sample of seventy-seven PWDs was gathered using face-to-face and online surveys through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The results show that only internal factors influence PWDs’ entrepreneurial personal perception. Entrepreneurial motivation plays a crucial mediating role in the relationship between internal and external factors and entrepreneurial personal perception. The study is helpful for the relevant parties to assist PWDs in becoming financially independent through entrepreneurship by focusing more on their internal strengths. Proper training and coaching assist PWDs in being more resilient when facing adversity.

Examining the link between CSR perceptions and employee advocacy through organizational justice: Can corporate hypocrisy mitigate?

AbstractThis research aims to understand the relationship between employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibility and employee advocacy behavior through organizational justice. Furthermore, it explores the moderating effect of corporate hypocrisy in the relationship of organizational justice with employee advocacy behavior. Grounded in signaling and cognitive inconsistency theories, the proposed hypotheses were tested on data collected from 360 employees from the hospitality sector. The study followed a time‐lagged approach. In phase 1, the data were collected for demographic variables, corporate social responsibility perceptions, and corporate hypocrisy. In the second phase, data were collected for organizational justice and employee advocacy behavior, using separate survey links. Smart PLS 4.0 was applied to test the relationships proposed in the research model. The study found that employees who positively perceive firms' corporate social responsibility will engage in advocacy behavior. The results suggest a significant mediating effect of procedural justice in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and employee advocacy behavior. However, the mediating effect of distributive justice in this relationship could not be established. Further, the study found evidence that corporate hypocrisy moderates the indirect relationship between corporate social responsibility perceptions and advocacy behavior via procedural justice. Also, to the best of our knowledge, literature has no empirical evidence of the moderating effect of corporate hypocrisy in the indirect association between the perception of corporate social responsibility and employee advocacy behavior via organizational justice. It provides several important implications for advancing theoretical knowledge and practical insights for hospitality industry practitioners.

The Psychosocial Burden Of Psoriasis: Understanding The Impact On Mental Health And Well-Being

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic inflammatory skin condition that is distinguished by scaly, red lesions that can be uncomfortable, itchy, and disfiguring. Psoriasis can influence aspects of one’s life beyond distressful physical symptoms, such as mood and quality of life. Patients diagnosed with psoriasis are 39% more likely to suffer from concomitant depression and 31% of patients are diagnosed with anxiety [1]. Due to physical manifestations, individuals with psoriasis are at increased risk of developing issues of poor social perception and body image stress [2]. Research states that psoriasis flare-ups are sometimes directly linked with bouts of anxiety and depression; conversely, physical symptoms of psoriasis may be attributed to psychosocial issues. For example, depression may cause a lack of proper adherence to treatment and lead to exacerbated inflammation. Understanding the psychosocial aspects of psoriasis may provide pertinent clinical information; thereby, allowing seamless integration of psychiatric treatments for the overall treatment protocol for psoriasis. This project delves into understanding how decreased emotional and social well-being can challenge the proper maintenance and treatment of psoriasis. Further, this paper highlights adaptive coping strategies and social support networks that are key in enhancing treatment viability. Oliver C, Robert PD, Daihung D, et al. The Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Patients With Psoriasis. Arch Dermatol. 2010;146(8) Hepat A, Chakole S, Rannaware A. Psychological Well-Being of Adult Psoriasis Patients: A Narrative Review. Cureus. 2023

Distinct neural correlates of accuracy and bias in the perception of facial emotion expressions

ABSTRACT We investigated neural correlates of Emotion Recognition Accuracy (ERA) using the Assessment of Contextualized Emotions (ACE). ACE infuses context by presenting emotion expressions in a naturalistic group setting and distinguishes between accurately perceiving intended emotions (signal), and bias due to perceiving additional, secondary emotions (noise). This social perception process is argued to induce perspective taking in addition to pattern matching in ERA. Thirty participants were presented with an fMRI-compatible adaptation of the ACE consisting of blocks of neutral and emotional faces in single and group-embedded settings. Participants rated the central character’s expressions categorically or using scalar scales in consequent fMRI scans. Distinct brain activations were associated with the perception of emotional vs. neutral faces in the four conditions. Moreover, accuracy and bias scores from the original ACE task performed on another day were associated with brain activation during the scalar (vs. categorical) condition for emotional (vs. neutral) faces embedded in group. These findings suggest distinct cognitive mechanisms linked to each type of emotional rating and highlight the importance of considering cognitive bias in the assessment of social emotion perception.

The Role of Social Media in Shaping Corporate Reputation in Thailand

This research explores the role of social media in shaping corporate reputation among companies in Thailand. The study surveyed top-level executives, including CEOs, Marketing Managers, and Public Relations Managers, to understand their social media usage and perceptions. The majority of respondents, 27.3%, were CEOs, with over 30.3% having more than 10 years of experience in their current roles. Facebook emerged as the most widely used platform, utilized by 100% of respondents, indicating its critical role in corporate communication strategies. Sentiment analysis revealed that 65.9% of respondents held a neutral view on the evolution of social media’s role, while 23% remained neutral about its future importance, and 21.7% expressed optimism about its growing influence. These findings suggest that while social media is widely adopted, there is still cautious optimism regarding its future impact on corporate reputation management.

The Relation of Disease Characteristics with Type D Personality and Illness Perception in Patients with Gout

The Relation of Disease Characteristics with Type D Personality and Illness Perception in Patients with Gout

Development of self-efficacy in high school students through soil analysis in the protected natural area "Estero El Soldado"

Teaching various scientific disciplines involves both hands-on and theoretical methods aimed at sparking students' curiosity in learning concepts. Students enhance their comprehension by actively engaging in direct activities rather than solely relying on explanations provided by teachers. The development of a research project carried out by 12th grade students during the semester allowed them to develop scientific or technological research to understand nature and act on it. The research project involved taking soil samples of natural protected area “Estero El Soldado” and analyzing it using a microscope, increasing student’s self-efficacy using the microscope. Self-efficacy was measured before and after the proposed research project using the General Self-Efficacy Scale instrument (Baessler and Schwarzer, 1996), which consists of 10 items and measures a person's perception when facing a variety of stressful situations. The participation of 43 12th grade students was analyzed. After the completion of the research project students, the results from the pre-test (M = 66.89, SD = 19.52) and post-test (M = 80.34, SD = 19.84) self-efficacy evaluation indicate that carrying out the research project resulted in an improvement in self-efficacy, t(84) = 2.01, p = 0.0008. We can conclude that integrating hands-on research projects like soil analysis using different laboratory equipment boosts 12th-grade students' scientific self-efficacy, as evidenced by improved scores on the General Self-Efficacy Scale. These findings underscore the value of experiential learning in nurturing both scientific skills and confidence in students.

Polite Language on Facebook: Maintaining Ethics in Interactions on Social Media

The objective of this study was to examine the present condition of politeness in language usage on Facebook, determine the factors that impact the use of polite language, and suggest approaches to promote civility in digital interactions. Using a qualitative methodology, the data collection process involved analyzing the content of posts and comments from public Facebook pages and groups. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with users to gather their personal experiences and perceptions. Our analysis of the content uncovered notable disparities in the levels of politeness observed. Community-oriented groups demonstrated elevated levels of politeness, likely attributed to their shared interests and established norms. Conversely, discussions centered around political matters were more susceptible to impoliteness, largely influenced by the anonymity of participants and the intensity of emotions involved. Interviews emphasized the significance of cultural variations, the design features of Facebook, and the crucial role of personal responsibility in upholding politeness. Effective moderation and well-defined guidelines were determined to be essential in handling discourteous conduct. The results highlight the importance of adopting a holistic strategy towards digital communication, encompassing the promotion of cultural sensitivity, the improvement of digital literacy, and the development of ethical platform features. These measures aim to cultivate a more respectful and constructive online environment.

Human-Robot Intimacy: Acceptance of Robots as Intimate Companions.

Depictions of robots as romantic partners for humans are frequent in popular culture. As robots become part of human society, they will gradually assume the role of partners for humans whenever necessary, as assistants, collaborators, or companions. Companion robots are supposed to provide social contact to those who would not have it otherwise. These companion robots are usually not designed to fulfill one of the most important human needs: the one for romantic and intimate contact. Human-robot intimacy remains a vastly unexplored territory. In this article, we review the state-of-the-art research in intimate robotics. We discuss major issues limiting the acceptance of robots as intimate partners, the public perception of robots in intimate roles, and the possible influence of cross-cultural differences in these domains. We also discuss the possible negative effects human-robot intimacy may have on human-human contact. Most importantly, we propose a new term "intimate companion robots" to reduce the negative connotations of the other terms that have been used so far and improve the social perception of research in this domain. With this article, we provide an outlook on prospects for the development of intimate companion robots, considering the specific context of their use.

Nociception Coma Scale-Revised with Personalized Painful Stimulus Versus Standard Stimulation in Persons with Disorders of Consciousness: An International Multicenter Study.

Background/Objectives: Persons with disorders of consciousness (DoCs) may perceive pain without being able to communicate their discomfort. The Nociception Coma Scale (NCS) and its revised form (NCS-R) have been proposed to assess nociception in persons with DoCs. The main aim of this international multicenter study was to confirm (or not) our preliminary results and compare the NCS-R scores of standard stimulus (NCS-R-SS) to scores of personalized painful stimuli (NCS-R-PS). A secondary aim of the study was to verify possible correlations between the NCS-R-PS and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) and to estimate convergent validity. Methods: Sixty-one patients with prolonged DoCs (pDoCs) were enrolled from seven European post-acute rehabilitation centers. Responsiveness and pain perception were assessed by CRS-R and NCS-R with standard stimulus (NCS-R-SS) and personalized stimulation (NCS-R-PS). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06012357. Results: our results support our prior findings on the superiority and the validity of the personalized painful stimulus approach in assessment of pain in persons with DoCs in comparison with the standardized pain assessment methodology. Conclusions: A more in-depth and tailored assessment of pain perception in persons with a DoC may lead to better acknowledgment of its presence and by extension an objective foundation for more aggressive and appropriate pain management.

Peer effects affect the adaptation behaviour of rural residents to geohazards in China: a new policy pathway

ABSTRACT Disaster prevention and mitigation (DPM) is one of the responses to extreme climate change impacts and depends on the adoption of risk adaptation behaviour by rural residents. While residents exhibit a high willingness to adapt, they also show low behaviour with reference to DPM. While adaptation behaviour of individuals has been studied extensively, the mutual impact of adaptation behaviour among residents has so far been neglected in the literature. Evaluating this interaction could serve as an important foundation for refining disaster reduction policies. Drawing on social cognitive theory, we propose a novel theoretical framework to analyze peer effects on individual decision-making in DPM. Using data gathered from 536 respondents in Sichuan Province, China, this paper adopts the Bayes Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation method to perform a regression of the spatial probit model. Further, the propensity score matching model was used to explore peer effects on the transformation between residents’ willingness to actual behaviour. Results indicate significant and robust peer effects on DPM behaviour among residents. A heterogeneity test indicated that peer effects are predominantly observed among residents with low and medium social status perception and not in those with high social status perception. Peer effects have a significant and positive influence on the transformation from residents’ willingness to their behaviour. Residents are not completely independent in their decision-making, and complex social mechanisms dictate rational and irrational choices of behaviour. Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider positive peer effects on residents in the formulation of policies. Key policy insights Focusing on the adaptation behaviours and peer effects of rural residents is conducive to improving the public's acceptance of disaster reduction policies. It is difficult for homogenization policies to accurately meet the needs of rural residents in China, and the response to geohazard events requires diversified local policies. Through peer effect, the government can create a kind of environmental soft pressure and promote the transformation of residents’ willingness into behaviour. Due to peer effects, the government can utilize the leading role of a small number of target groups to reduce the cost of implementing disaster reduction policies.

Psychological need satisfaction, frustration, and unfulfillment profiles in the workplace: Their nature, predictors, and outcomes

Abstract Based on self-determination theory, this research relied on person-centered analyses to show how the distinct components of psychological need states combine to produce distinct profiles. We also explored contemporarily antecedents (perceptions of the organization’s environmental corporate social responsibility and negative moral emotions related to the organization’s environmental (ir)responsibility) and organizational outcomes (affective organizational commitment, turnover intentions, and cyberslacking). Questionnaire surveys were completed by 525 French employees. Four profiles characterized by configurations of psychological need states were identified and showed well-differentiated patterns. Negative moral emotions predicted membership in the most detrimental need states profiles while corporate social responsibility perceptions did not. As expected, we found opposite patterns of associations between profile membership and affective organizational commitment and turnover intentions, while the highest levels of cyberslacking were found in the most positive need states profiles. The results add to person-centered research and emphasize the importance of psychological experiences in the workplace and organizational outcomes.

Machine Credibility: How News Readers Evaluate Ai-generated Content

The advent of AI-generated news as a novel form of content demands renewed attention toward modes of understanding reader perceptions. This research sought to answer: What evaluative criteria do readers use to perceive automated news content? To answer this, the study employed a two-phase survey methodology designed to elicit reader perceptions of AI-generated news. Phase 1 yielded 26 dynamic descriptor words and reflected broad social perceptions of AI. In Phase 2, a series of exploratory factor analyses (EFA) was conducted on results of a survey using the 26 items obtained in phase 1 to uncover underlying factors contributing to differences in how readers ranked articles based on the aforementioned descriptor words. In both phases, readers were informed at the beginning of the survey that the articles were generated using AI. The first set of exploratory factor analysis results were obtained using varimax rotation, which revealed five salient factors underlying the 26 descriptors labeled Quality, Engagement, Alienation, Effort, and Coherence. The second exploratory factor analysis used oblimin rotation, which contrastingly revealed nine salient factors, which were labeled Credibility, Prolixity, Engagement, Substance, Clarity, Alienation, Complexity, Effort, and Neutrality. When compared with the results of factor analyses for human-generated news content, the findings offer new constellations of terms that reflect the dimensions that readers attend to in articles attributed to artificial intelligence.

Can race be replaced? Ecology and race categorization

Why do people categorize others by race? Building on recent work integrating affordance management with a life history perspective, we propose that one reason perceivers categorize others by race is because race is a cue to the environments/ecologies in which groups live. In the U.S., because Black and White individuals differentially live in environments that vary in ecological harshness/unpredictability, race may be used as a cue of a person's home ecology. In three experiments (undergraduate and online U.S. samples; N = 1260) with the memory confusion paradigm (“who-said-what”), when American perceivers are presented with information on both a person's race (i.e., Black/White) and the ecologies in which they live (i.e., harsh/hopeful), racial categorization decreases, and ecology categorization emerges (Studies 1–3). Hence, in the minds of perceivers, the ecologies that others come from “replaces” others' race. However, counter to expectations, instructing perceivers to form social impressions of others on traits linked to ecological harshness (i.e., “planfulness”) led to ecology categorization disappearing (Study 3). We discuss implications of our findings for race perception and for social perception at large.

Social workers' consideration of dental support for people living with dementia: Findings from interviews and care assessment documentation.

Social work assessments underpin support plans for many people living with dementia in their own homes in England, but it is unclear how they acknowledge that dementia places people at greater risk of mouth and dental problems affecting their wellbeing. We explored if and how dental needs are addressed during care assessments and social workers' perceptions of this aspect of personal care. This study analysed (a) semi-structured interviews with 14 social workers providing support to people living with dementia in their own homes, (b) data from 39 care assessments and support plans from two English local authorities. Interviews were recorded online, transcribed, and thematically analysed. Documents were analysed descriptively and presented visually. Participants acknowledged that oral care may be overlooked during assessments and reflected on various reasons, including assumptions of responsibility and role restrictions, limited training, and poor links with dental services. This was further evident in the analysis of assessment documentation. Participants identified potential strategies and practice changes to better integrate oral care in social work practice. These included increased awareness and more discussions around dental needs, skills training and streamlining of support. The findings have implications for social workers, educators, and commissioners or funders engaging with people affected by dementia in social work and beyond.

Agroecosystem's contributions to people: how ranchers and specialists perceive threatened Espinal forests used for cattle-grazing.

Scientists and managers seek to implement more inclusive and effective conservation strategies by incorporating plural valuations of nature and nature's contributions to people (NCP) into research and decision-making. For Argentina's threatened Espinal ecoregion, this need is particularly acute. In Entre Ríos province, practically all of these forests are devoted to production, and the expanding agricultural frontier increases their conversion to crops. We surveyed family ranchers and agricultural/environmental specialists, two key stakeholders for managing Espinal forests used for cattle grazing. Employing a sociocultural valuation, we determined i) stakeholder recognition of the Espinal's NCP and its support for quality of life, ii) similarity between stakeholder valuations (importance: 0 = none; 4 = very) of NCP and dimensions of well-being derived from the Espinal, and iii) relationship between ecological (e.g., forest degradation) and social (e.g., place of residence) factors and perceptions of the forest. Ranchers recognized more NCP and quality-of-life aspects, and the importance to their well-being tended to be greater than specialists. Both groups valued regulating and non-material NCP above material contributions and considered that forests are very important for physical and mental health. Finally, only rancher perceptions varied with tested variables, depending on degradation levels of forests with which they have the most contact and/or carry out their activities, the number of uses and recreational activities they carry out in forests, their knowledge of forests, and their place of residence. This study illustrates common ground upon which to promote synergies between production and conservation in Espinal-cattle agroecosystems.

Semantic Shift and Phonological Features of Words Borrowed from Kurdish to Turkish

This study examines the semantic shift and phonological features of words borrowed from Kurdish into Turkish. It highlights the interactions between languages throughout history, which have led to shifts in the meanings of words. The research focuses on how certain Kurdish words that carried neutral or positive meanings have acquired negative or derogatory meanings in Turkish. The socio-cultural interactions and historical events that influenced this shift are analyzed, supported by examples of morphological, phonetic, and semantic changes. For instance, the Kurdish word "avare," which originally means homeless, is used in Turkish to mean jobless. The study aims to provide a systematic analysis of the semantic shifts of these words within the framework of etymology and linguistic interaction, contributing to a deeper understanding of the interactions between the two languages. The findings shed light on the social and cultural dimensions of language, offering insights into the evolution of language. In conclusion, the negative semantic shift of Kurdish words in Turkish reflects the dynamic nature of language and the influence of social perceptions.

Early neural development of social perception: evidence from voxel-wise encoding in young children and adults

Early neural development of social perception: evidence from voxel-wise encoding in young children and adults

Physical-Recreational Activities in Basic Education Students: A Systematic Review

The objective of this research was to systematize the results of existing publications on basic recreational activities in Basic Education students during the years 2019 to 2023. The method adopted in the research was a review of the scientific literature, based on a documentary design, involving the stages that include exploring the sources, carrying out the filtering process to select the most significant and relevant studies, then interpreting the results and subsequently analyzing them. The type of research was a systematic, retrospective, observational review. The databases considered were Scopus, Scielo, EBSCOHOST and Sciencedirect. As inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies from the last 5 years were taken into account, which considered the research variables taking them in a general or specific way and no books, theses or conference documents were taken. The presentation of the results was used following the PRISMA method adapted from the year 2020. The results of the systematic review allowed us to theoretically associate the recreational physical activities carried out by basic education students with personal perception, motivation, psychosocial aspects and social barriers that constitute factors. conditions for its execution.

Stressors and coping strategies in older people hospitalised for hip surgery following a fall: a multiple case study

BackgroundMore than half of older persons admitted to an emergency department after a fall have a hip fracture and require surgery for a total hip replacement. This procedure has a high risk of postoperative complications and consequences for older persons, their informal caregivers, and the healthcare system. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of older persons, their informal caregivers and health professionals about intra-personal, inter-personal and extra-personal stressors arising from hip surgery following the fall of an older person hospitalised in orthopaedics, as well as the coping strategies used and the results obtained.MethodsA qualitative multiple case study. The sample consisted of eight cases. Each case consisted of one older person, their informal caregiver and the professionals involved in their care: a nurse, an orthopaedic surgeon and a physiotherapist. A total of 32 participants were recruited. Data were collected between August 2018 and February 2019 in a public hospital in French-speaking Switzerland. Intra- and inter-case analyses were performed.ResultsFive topics emerged: two concerning stressors for older persons (the physical and psychological consequences of the fall and hospitalisation; the loss of relational and environmental markers and habits); two relating to the coping strategies used to face the stressors (being resilient and involved in their own care; partially meeting the older person’s needs); and one regarding the results of the strategies used (reassurance through consideration of some of their needs).ConclusionsOlder persons hospitalised for hip surgery after a fall are confronted with various intra-, inter- and extra-personal stressors and have to explore, together with their informal caregivers, strategies to cope with the consequences of these stressors. Healthcare professionals should possess efficient intervention strategies to help identify and support older persons who experience various types of stressors during hospitalisation for hip surgery following a fall.