Social Media Self-efficacy Research Articles

Too much social media? Unveiling the effects of determinants in social media fatigue.

With the boom in social media, many people spend a lot of time on these platforms. Among them, some developed negative emotions, such as fatigue, depression, or disinterest in communicating, and used social media temporarily or permanently. Therefore, this study aims to explore the antecedents of social media fatigue, including social media helpfulness, social media self-efficacy, online subjective well-being, social comparison, compulsive social media use, privacy concerns, fear of missing out, and information overload, and to further discuss the determinants of social media fatigue on social anxiety and lurking. An online questionnaire was distributed to social media users, and 659 valid samples were obtained with the help of a purposive sampling strategy. The data was analyzed by the partial least square (PLS) method. The study found that social media self-efficacy had a significant negative effect on social media fatigue; compulsive social media use, fear of missing out, and information overload had a significant positive effect on social media fatigue; and social media fatigue had a significant positive effect on social anxiety and lurking. The research results can be used as a reference for social media marketers and internet service providers in developing business strategies.

Thumb up or Head down? The Impact of Upvote on Social Media Self-efficacy

Social media platforms have precipitated a paradigm shift in the way individuals interact and perceive their social context. This research delineates the intricate interplay between social media self-efficacy (SMSE) and the one-click feedback behavior. It employs a systematic review of extant literature surrounding the theoretical underpinnings of SMSE, alongside user behaviors and purposes pertinent to online social engagement. Furthermore, the research unravels the sequences of how unitary behaviors swiftly culminate in the attainment of mastery experience, one of the four elements of SMSE, while casting no positive reverberations on the other three facets vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and emotional states especially when juxtaposed with in-person interactions. Moreover, the surfeit of information encountered on these platforms exacerbates the process, engendering depressive symptoms and pressure among social media users. In this narrative, the research elucidates potential interventions like decelerating users viewing speed to ensure adequate cognitive processing, thereby nurturing a more wholesome digital interaction ecosystem. Through rigorous analysis, this study dissects the considerations for the design of interfaces on social media platforms to bolster positive user experiences and overall psychological resilience.

Applicant Reactions to Social Media Assessments: Effects of Social Media Type, Social Media Self-Efficacy, and Minority Status

Applicant Reactions to Social Media Assessments: Effects of Social Media Type, Social Media Self-Efficacy, and Minority Status

Evaluating E-leadership Self-efficacy Through Social Media Efficacy and Participation

Social media, unlike other resources, is nowadays an organizational resource. The reason can be attributed to its vast and extensive usage in sharing relevant information within a group and its influence on communication and organizational dynamics. The study investigates the role of individual social media self-efficacy (SMSE) and social media participation (SMP) on E-Leadership self-efficacy (ELSE). It further explores the mediating role of individual social media collective efficacy (SMCE) and SMP on SMSE and ELSE. Data for the study were collected from the employees of ITES firms in Delhi NCR, Bengaluru and Pune, India by the online survey method. A total of 478 respondents who were actively engaged in social media activities such as sending and sharing relevant information on different social media groups were included. Structural Equation Modelling followed by mediation analysis was conducted using AMOS 22 and Process Macro software, respectively, to analyse the structural and mediation relationship among the different constructs. The findings confirmed the positive influence of SMSE and participation on collective efficacy and e-leadership efficacy. The study extends the current literature and integrates social media self, collective efficacy, and participation to investigate ELSE in the perspective of IT organizations.

Nursing undergraduates' media competence in the context of health communication and its relationship to professionalism.

To investigate the association between professionalism and social media competence among Chinese mainland nursing undergraduates. This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive correlation design. From June to July 2021, 797 nursing students from four nursing colleges in Jiangsu Province, China, were chosen using stratified cluster sampling. The questionnaire included the Chinese version of the Nursing Professionalism Scale and the Social Media Competency Scale. The association between professionalism and social media competency was examined using Pearson's correlation analysis. The professionalism of nursing undergraduates (average scores:70.44 ± 8.82) was at a medium level. Social media self-efficacy, performance expectancy, facilitating conditions and social influence (3.76 ± 0.75, 3.87 ± 0.60, 3.53 ± 0.69, 3.41 ± 0.76) were at a medium-high level, while social media experience and effort expectancy (3.03 ± 0.72, 2.60 ± 0.59) were at medium and low levels. Among nursing undergraduates, professionalism was related to social media competence, among which, professionalism was positively correlated with social media self-efficacy (r = 0.40, p < 0.01), social media experience (r = 0.50, p < 0.01), performance expectancy (r = 0.34, p < 0.01), facilitating conditions (r = 0.41, p < 0.01), but negatively correlated with effort expectancy (r = -0.10, p < 0.01). The professionalism of nursing undergraduates is related to social media. The scores of social media self-efficacy, social media experience, performance expectancy and facilitating conditions of nursing students with high professionalism were higher than those of nursing students with low professionalism. This study suggests that developing a course on health communication on social media can help nursing students improve their professionalism. Participants completed a survey via the online survey platform Wenjuangxing.

Effectiveness of health communication courses on professionalism and social media competence among nursing students: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe shaping and cultivation of professionalism of nursing students is very important for the improvement and retention of nursing workers' quality. In the context of social media, it is challenging for nursing students to use social media for health education. Health communication course has the potential to cultivate professionalism and social media competence of nursing students, but its role still needs to be explored. ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of health communication course intervention on improving the professionalism and social media competence of nursing students. DesignA randomized controlled trial. MethodsThe recruited nursing students were randomly divided into the intervention group (N = 50) and the control group (N = 51). The control group received routine nursing education. Intervention group received routine nursing education and health communication education courses. Both groups were required to submit a health communication work on any topic. The Nursing Professionalism Scale、Social Media Self-efficacy Scale and Social Media Experience Scale were used to evaluate the professionalism and social media competence of nursing students. The primary analysis used linear mixed models and followed the intention-to-treat principle. ResultsThe professionalism, social media self-efficacy and social media experience of students in the two groups were significantly improved, and the improvement of nursing students in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group. After the intervention of health communication course, there were significant differences in professionalism (p < 0.001), social media self-efficacy (p = 0.006) and social media experience (p = 0.013) between the two groups. Social media self-efficacy have an effect on professionalism (ꞵ = 0.22, p < 0.001, 95 % CI 0.17–0.26). ConclusionThe health communication course significantly improved social media competence and professionalism, which was significantly different from the control group, revealing the educational value of the intervention.Trial registration number: ChiCTR2200058425.

Investigating adolescents’ online resilience: The role of parenting style, friendship quality, and social media self-efficacy

In the digital era nowadays, social media has become a central part that cannot be separated from adolescents' daily lives. This can have a positive or negative impact, depending on adolescents' online resilience, namely the ability to survive in difficult, dangerous, and risky situations in the online world. This study aimed to analyze the influence of parenting style, friendship quality, and social media self-efficacy on adolescent online resilience. This study used an explanatory design located in Bogor City, West Java. This study involved 224 adolescents selected based on a purposive sampling technique, with the criteria being 15-18 years old, having complete parents and living together, and using social media. Data obtained through self-reporting using online questionnaires are then processed and analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression tests on the SPSS 25.0 program. The majority of parents apply authoritative parenting styles predominantly. More than half of adolescents have the quality of friendship, social media self-efficacy, and online resilience in the moderate category. The results showed that the quality of friendship and social media self-efficacy significantly affected adolescent online resilience.

The relationship between eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy and health communication intention among Chinese nursing undergraduates: A cross-sectional study.

With the popularization of the Internet, it has become possible to widely disseminate health information via social media. Medical staff's health communication through social media can improve the public's health literacy, and improving the intention of health communication among nursing undergraduates is of great significance for them to actively carry out health communication after entering clinical practice. To explore the relationship among eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention and to determine the mediating role of social media self-efficacy in the relationship between eHealth literacy and health communication intention. A cross-sectional descriptive correlation design was used in this study. Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 958 nursing students from four nursing colleges in Jiangsu Province, China, from June to July 2021. Data were collected using the eHealth Literacy Scale, the Social Media Self-efficacy Scale, and the Health Communication Intention Questionnaire. Sociodemographic data were also collected. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention. Health communication intention is positively correlated with eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy. There is a significant positive correlation between eHealth literacy and health communication intention (β = 0.57, p < 0.001), and social media self-efficacy played a mediating role in the influence of eHealth literacy on health communication intention (the mediating effect accounted for 37.2% of the total effect). The study found that eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy had an impact on health communication intention. Because there is a correlation between eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy and health communication intention, in order to promote health communication intention of nursing students, it is also important to cultivate eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy of nursing students. In view of these results, targeted educational programs must be developed to improve eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy among nursing undergraduates, thereby promoting their health information transmission.

The Social Media Break-Up: Psycho-Behavioral Measures and Implications

In the ever-changing global context, the need to understand why users discontinue using social media platforms is rapidly rising. Comprehending the backdrop of such decisions and factors governing the effects, as mentioned earlier, may help users to make such decisions and help service providers to mitigate them. There is a need to enrich the theoretical account of the phenomenon of social media discontinuation. Other authors focused on different social media platforms, but we have mainly used Facebook with sound justification to select its users as participants. We applied a quantitative study to survey 384 Facebook users, selecting the convenience sampling method. We integrated the &#x2019;Stimulus-Organism-Response&#x2019; (S-O-R) framework and applied the Smart-PLS technique and software. The results support this framework and indicate that information overload, communication overload, social media self-efficacy, privacy concern, social media helpfulness, and annoyance (as stimuli). Results demonstrate that increase the fatigue feelings integrated with perceived relevance (i.e., organism) of social media users, which in turn, increases their social media discontinuance intentions and ad avoidance behavior (i.e., response). This research sheds light on the antecedents of social networking services (SNS) fatigue that influences overall Facebook fatigue and suggests practical implications for the ever-expanding SNS market. Our findings offer valuable insights to marketers, entrepreneurs, and organizations in every sector regarding the social media usage and break-up issues of individual users.

The power to voice my hate! Exploring the effect of brand hate and perceived social media power on negative eWOM

PurposeConsumer brand relationship literature has recently seen a surge of studies on brand hate, its antecedents and outcomes. Hate alone will not drive consumers to engage in negative electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) and indicates the interplay of other social relationship factors that can strengthen the effect of brand hate on negative eWOM. The purpose of this study is to integrate the emerging concept of brand hate and perceived social media power with the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to expand the understanding of negative eWOM.Design/methodology/approachData is collected through a survey conducted among university students based in the National Capital Region of Delhi in India. The research model is empirically tested using structural equation modeling in AMOSv23.FindingsThe three TPB dimensions, including brand attitude, subjective norms and individual’s propensity to anthropomorphize, are found to influence brand to hate significantly. The other perceived control factors included in the model, perceived homophily and social media self-efficacy, were found to affect perceived social media power, which, in turn, is crucial in predicting consumers’ engagement in negative eWOM behavior, both directly and through interaction with brand hate.Originality/valueThe study contributes to brand hate literature and offers a novel perspective by advocating the role of consumers’ propensity to anthropomorphize in augmenting feelings of brand hate.

Leveraging youths’ digital literacies: The E-Responder social media violence interruption model and pilot evaluation

Increasingly, altercations and arrests have been traced to youths’ actions on social media. The present paper describes E-Responder, an intervention developed through a university-community partnership to address three key goals for youth at risk of legal system involvement and firearms-related violence: (1) preventing the escalation of online provocation to in-person violence; (2) supporting youth in enhancing social media self-efficacy; and (3) supporting Violence Prevention Professionals (VPPs), already working with youth, in using social media as a tool to interrupt potential violence and leverage youth’s digital citizenship. This paper describes the E-Responder mixed-methods pilot; findings suggest that E-Responder sites identified over 100 instances of risky online behavior (22% high risk) and effectively addressed 97% of these instances. Youth participants reported significantly greater social media self-efficacy over time and compared to matched-comparison youth. Focus group (n = 12) results corroborate these patterns. Implications for future intervention, research, and policy are discussed.

Predicting Effects of Learner Characteristics on Second Language Social Media Self-Efficacy

Predicting Effects of Learner Characteristics on Second Language Social Media Self-Efficacy

Social Media Self-Efficacy of Health Education Specialists: Training and Organizational Development Implications.

A growing number of public health organizations are applying the power of social media (SM) for health promotion and behavior change. This cross-sectional study of health education specialists (n = 353) examined which demographic and occupational factors were associated with SM self-efficacy, and evaluated SM self-efficacy related to each of the Seven Areas of Responsibility. A series of one-way analyses of variance were conducted to determine whether differences in SM self-efficacy existed by sex, age, years of work experience, and SM access at work. A multiple linear regression examined the relationship between SM self-efficacy and SM experience when controlling for demographic and occupational factors. Statistically significant differences in SM self-efficacy existed by age, F(2, 289) = 6.54, p = .002. SM experience (β = 1.43, t = 11.35, p < .001) was a statistically significant predictor of SM self-efficacy, even after controlling for age, sex, years of work experience, and level of SM access, F(5, 290) = 30.88, p < .001, R2 = .35. Results revealed statistically significant differences in mean SM self-efficacy scores by the Areas of Responsibility, F(4.69, 1425.46) = 22.46, p < .001. Professional health organizations should have policies in place and trainings that are conducive to learning and applying SM for health education research and practice.

Follow the leader: understanding young adults' intentions to follow brands on Facebook

Two theoretical models - the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) - were used to evaluate how young adults decide to follow brands on Facebook. An online survey was fielded among approximately 500 current social media users. Established scales measured nine variables: behavioural and normative beliefs, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, information-seeking behaviour, social media self-efficacy, brand consciousness, attitudes towards the act, and intent to act. Results indicated that following brands was more influenced by users' assessments of the benefits (utility) and ease of use attributed to the activity than by peer influence. As a result of these findings, it is recommended to practitioners that brand activities on Facebook should focus on current and potential consumers by extending consumer promotional activities.

Designing and Testing an Inventory for Measuring Social Media Competency of Certified Health Education Specialists.

BackgroundSocial media can promote healthy behaviors by facilitating engagement and collaboration among health professionals and the public. Thus, social media is quickly becoming a vital tool for health promotion. While guidelines and trainings exist for public health professionals, there are currently no standardized measures to assess individual social media competency among Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES) and Master Certified Health Education Specialists (MCHES).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to design, develop, and test the Social Media Competency Inventory (SMCI) for CHES and MCHES.MethodsThe SMCI was designed in three sequential phases: (1) Conceptualization and Domain Specifications, (2) Item Development, and (3) Inventory Testing and Finalization. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review, concept operationalization, and expert reviews. Phase 2 involved an expert panel (n=4) review, think-aloud sessions with a small representative sample of CHES/MCHES (n=10), a pilot test (n=36), and classical test theory analyses to develop the initial version of the SMCI. Phase 3 included a field test of the SMCI with a random sample of CHES and MCHES (n=353), factor and Rasch analyses, and development of SMCI administration and interpretation guidelines.ResultsSix constructs adapted from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and the integrated behavioral model were identified for assessing social media competency: (1) Social Media Self-Efficacy, (2) Social Media Experience, (3) Effort Expectancy, (4) Performance Expectancy, (5) Facilitating Conditions, and (6) Social Influence. The initial item pool included 148 items. After the pilot test, 16 items were removed or revised because of low item discrimination (r<.30), high interitem correlations (Ρ>.90), or based on feedback received from pilot participants. During the psychometric analysis of the field test data, 52 items were removed due to low discrimination, evidence of content redundancy, low R-squared value, or poor item infit or outfit. Psychometric analyses of the data revealed acceptable reliability evidence for the following scales: Social Media Self-Efficacy (alpha=.98, item reliability=.98, item separation=6.76), Social Media Experience (alpha=.98, item reliability=.98, item separation=6.24), Effort Expectancy(alpha =.74, item reliability=.95, item separation=4.15), Performance Expectancy (alpha =.81, item reliability=.99, item separation=10.09), Facilitating Conditions (alpha =.66, item reliability=.99, item separation=16.04), and Social Influence (alpha =.66, item reliability=.93, item separation=3.77). There was some evidence of local dependence among the scales, with several observed residual correlations above |.20|.ConclusionsThrough the multistage instrument-development process, sufficient reliability and validity evidence was collected in support of the purpose and intended use of the SMCI. The SMCI can be used to assess the readiness of health education specialists to effectively use social media for health promotion research and practice. Future research should explore associations across constructs within the SMCI and evaluate the ability of SMCI scores to predict social media use and performance among CHES and MCHES.

SOCIAL MEDIA USE TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE FACE OF DISRUPTION

By comparing respondents in Egypt and the United States this paper examines whether the rise of virtual social networks to support entrepreneurship may be more important in driving entrepreneurial intent in countries undergoing disruption. Further, this research developed a new factor of “social media self-efficacy” as a predictor of perceived behavioral control in entrepreneurial intent. Results were analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS), employing the double bootstrap comparison method for improved accuracy. Social media self-efficacy provided significant, unique variance for both samples in predicting perceived behavioral control above and beyond the contribution of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and access to entrepreneurial resources. Social media self-efficacy was significantly more influential for Egyptians than for Americans in predicting perceived behavioral control; entrepreneurial self-efficacy and access to resources were significantly more influential for Americans. This research introduces a framework for conceptualizing a social media role in promoting entrepreneurship, with an emphasis on its likely importance for contexts suffering from institutional voids or severe institutional instability.

Predictors of job seekers’ self-disclosure on social media

Social media-based screening is a well-known practice to both recruiters and job seekers. Little is known, however, about how job seekers present themselves on social media, i.e. ‘self-disclosure’, for employment purposes. This study builds on the theories of hyperpersonal computer-mediated communication, self-efficacy and social exchange to examine job seekers’ professional online image concerns, social media self-efficacy, and perceptions of social media effectiveness in the job search as predictors of inappropriate and career-oriented self-disclosures on these media. Findings from a sample of 3374 Italian respondents showed that career-oriented self-disclosure was predicted by all three factors, whereas inappropriate self-disclosure was only predicted by social media self-efficacy. Furthermore, the relationship between professional online image concerns and inappropriate self-disclosure was moderated by age, education and work experience, but not by gender. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.

Understanding Students’ Intentions Towards Entrepreneurship: Comparing Students in Egypt and the US

The uprising in Egypt on January 25, 2011 resulted in a major restructuring of the country’s political and economic structure, and entrepreneurs are expected to play an important role in creating a sustainable economy during this transitional period and for years to come. Using the theoretical lens of the decomposed theory of planned behavior, we compare the entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate students in university programs in Egypt and in the United States. Specifically, we look at personal attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, outcome expectancy, preference for innovation, family, friends, peers, and professors’ influence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, social media self-efficacy, and resource availability, and investigate their impact on the predilection toward engaging in entrepreneurial initiatives. A Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis using data from 361 students from Egypt and the United States indicates that (1) Attitude, subjective norms, and preference for innovati...