Efficacy Of Social Media Research Articles

Social Media Efficacy on Prevention and Control of Covid-19 Pandemic in Ilorin South Local Government Area, Kwara State

This study investigated social media efficacy on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic in Ilorin South Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. This study examines the effectiveness of awareness created by Facebook, NCDC messages, and Twitter on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic in Ilorin South LGA, Kwara State. The study adopted a descriptive research design of survey type. A multi-stage sampling technique of stratified and purposive techniques was employed to select 150 respondents for the study. A structured questionnaire was validated and pilot tested with the use of test re-test reliability method and 0.75r were obtained. The findings revealed that awareness created through Facebook, NCDC, and Twitter has many impacts on the prevention and control of the Covid – 19 pandemic. Based on these findings, the study recommends that health officers should encourage people on the need to use social media tools like Facebook, NCDC messages, Twitter, Youtube and soon to gain insight on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic.

The mechanism of social media marketing: influencer characteristics, consumer empathy, immersion, and sponsorship disclosure

Recently, influencer marketing and sponsorship activities have been crucial in marketing communication. This paper explores the relationship between influencers’ characteristics (i.e., centrality and trustworthiness), the efficacy of social media posting (i.e., empathy and immersion), and consumers’ product attitude. The study further reveals a critical role of sponsorship disclosure in this mechanism. Based on the data from social media users, our findings demonstrated that influencers’ centrality and trustworthiness were positively related to consumers’ empathic response and immersion toward the social media posting. Consumers’ empathy and immersion strongly mediate the link between influencers’ characteristics and consumers’ attitudes toward the product. Notably, the current study also indicated the moderating role of sponsorship activities and found different effects of centrality and trustworthiness with an apparent sponsorship disclosure. Theoretical and practical implications are further elaborated.

The Return of the “Lurker”: A Longitudinal Study of Citizens’ Use of Social Media in Danish Elections 2011, 2015, and 2019

In this case study on Denmark, we particularly focus on trajectories of participation, the question of increasing mobilization, and the perceived outcomes in terms of efficacy. Contrary to other studies, we seek to establish a coherent perspective including the “silent majority.” By combining studies of participation, mobilization, and efficacy, we wish to provide not only a rigorous documentation of mobilization and efficacy of social media during election campaigns, but also a historic documentation of the participatory use and perception of social media as a democratic and political tool during three national election campaigns from 2011 to 2019.

Crafting Virtual Community of Indigenous Entrepreneurs: Case in Social Entrepreneurship

Facebook has voyaged a significant distance since its launch in 2004 as a web-based social media connector. What initially started off as a way to socially associate people at an individual level has in its journey become a platform for doing business easily. It is currently a huge ring to associate and network across the globe. Sonia Konjeti Agarwal has weaved a comparable success story utilizing Facebook. Her story, like that of Facebook, started with a motive to socially connect people of a geographical area. She created a Facebook group for women in Pune and christened it PULA (Pune Ladies Association), which has now become a vibrant business platform. Research Questions: i. Social entrepreneurs are change agents. In the context of social entrepreneurship which is most important: initiation of an idea, transmission of idea or creating a sustainable impact? ii. Social media is a powerful tool for networking. How did PULA strategically leverage social media for real time interactions and entrepreneurial ventures? Link to Theory: This case draws linkage to Social Cognitive Theory. Social Cognitive theory depicts bidirectional character of causation where behavior, cognitive, emotional factors and environment persistently and jointly persuade each other. Role of the protagonist in creating an exciting platform for indigenous entrepreneurs through the path of social entrepreneurship is linked here. Phenomenon Studied: Social entrepreneurship is a promising field with diverse interpretations. As a social entrepreneur, Sonia’s efforts are directed towards strengthening the identity of indigenous entrepreneurs. She initiated small venture creations within social network. Growth of indigenous entrepreneurs ignites self dependency and magnetizes new investments. Success of the virtual community to hone entrepreneurial skills is studied. Case context - As a social entrepreneur, the protagonist used Facebook to create virtual community of indigenous (women) entrepreneurs. PULA enhanced visibility, reach, network and prominence of indigenous entrepreneurs at low cost. Opportunity to interact with buyers directly expanded vendor registration in the group. It also created level playing field for first generation entrepreneurs. Findings: This case depicts pragmatism of the social entrepreneur. PULA unified the virtual community and resources fostering entrepreneurship. This virtual community signifies uniqueness of domain, novel practices and policies. PULA was initially constituted for social networking. Gradually members discovered business opportunities. Efficacy of social media for virtual engagement and small venture creation resulted in financial independence for women. Status of women transitioned to indigenous entrepreneur from homemaker. Growth of indigenous entrepreneurs being contagious, a wave of first generation entrepreneurs was born. Discussions: PULA encouraged individuals hitherto in the veil of self imposed life situations to become entrepreneurs. Sonia was zealous about empowering women, to create opportunities for them to succeed and advance in lives. As a social influencer her actions are directed towards social well being. Her primary objective is to leverage the trust shown by two hundred forty-five thousand plus members and six thousand five hundred plus verified sellers. Non existence of tangible and quantifiable metrics for measuring the performance of the social entrepreneur creates a challenge. Sonia is exploring new social media engagement strategies for creating a sustainable virtual community.

The Role and Impact of Social Media on Online Social Movements: An Analysis of ‘ALS Ice Bucket Challenge’ in India

Online social movements have taken root and flourished in the last decade due to online communication networks attributed to Social media. In this paper, the mixed-method approach is utilized for qualita- tive and quantitative analysis to investigate the efficacy of social media in propounding the outcome of online social movements in India. Further, several factors which have a definite impact on the outcomes of such online social movements are highlighted. This study concludes that online social media campaigns can be viewed as an extension of ‘social norms media campaigns’. Further, it establishes that the internet penetration in India coupled with ‘online peer pressure’ accompanying such movements has ef- fectively aroused the consciousness of users towards such campaigns. It also highlights the alteration in the process of diffusion of ideas in society due to the advent of social media platforms.

Hashtag Activism, Politics and Resistance in Africa: Examining #ThisFlag and #RhodesMustFall online movements

The article examines the impact of digital technologies as emerging platforms for social activism in sub-Saharan Africa. Even though the African continent still lags behind in smartphone ownership and internet connectivity compared to other regions of the world, there is enough evidence to suggest that online-based movements have fundamentally transformed political engagement in Africa. This article uses the cases of hashtag activisms #ThisFlag (Zimbabwe) and #RhodesMustFall (South Africa), to demonstrate that social media has accentuated resistance in Africa. Particular attention is directed to the unique ways in which online-based movements have been used to enact resistance. The article provides critical insights into the centrality of context in the discussion of social media efficacy. State response and the promise of social media activism as foci for resistance is further outlined in the article.

Twitter vs. Zika—The role of social media in epidemic outbreaks surveillance

ObjectiveThe risk of global epidemic outbreaks led to the development of epidemic tracking services dedicated to track and warn against them. Despite the usefulness of these services, they suffer from shortcomings that impact their efficiency. This study examines the efficacy of social media in epidemic outbreak surveillance by studying Twitter users’ behavior related to the Zika virus outbreak in 2015–2016 and how this behavior can be used to track and predict Zika virus. MethodsWe collected 67,000 tweets in English and Spanish under the hashtag #Zikavirus and #Zika in the period from October 1st, 2015 to February 25th, 2016. We examined the tweets using text analytics techniques and extracted the important concepts. We analyzed the differences in using these concepts from one month to another. ResultsThere are significant differences between the numbers of tweets during the Zika outbreak as well as between the concepts used in English and Spanish tweets. DiscussionThe differences in Zika epidemic related tweets evolved with the epidemic outbreak and reflected the different stages of the epidemic. However, those differences also reflected a digital divide between developed and developing communities. The number of tweets was related to the threatened community rather than the severity of the threat. ConclusionWhile Twitter can be used to augment current epidemic tracking systems, it cannot replace them. We identified digital divide and threat of misleading information as two factors that limit the dependence on Twitter as an epidemic tracking system.

On the collective efficacy of social media teams

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the contribution of social media teams to firm social media performance. Although social media teams are tasked with planning, executing and optimizing the social media marketing effort of firms, little systematic research has examined their roles. Drawing on social cognitive theory, the present study develops collective social media efficacy as a key mechanism to explain the contribution of social media teams to firm social media performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study tested a conceptual framework in which social media team members' previous experience, short-term training and online resources use contribute to collective social media efficacy. In turn, collective social media efficacy is hypothesized to enhance firm social media performance. The study employed primary data and PROCESS macro to test its proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe findings revealed that previous social media experience, short-term training and online resources use contributed to firm social media performance by enabling social media teams to build strong collective social media efficacy.Originality/valueThe findings offer novel insights into how firms can optimize their social media marketing effort by systematically managing their social media teams. The findings add to the nascent literature on the organizational influences of social media performance.

Instagramming our way through public health communication: why and who is using it?

Abstract Background From disease prevention to health promotion, communication is key for Public Health (PH) practice and, according to the 9th Essential Public Health Operation its goal is to improve populations health literacy and capacity to access, understand and use information. Though social media is frequently presented as a potentially useful tool for PH communication, there is a lack of evidence about its effectiveness and impact on PH outcomes. This study researches Instagram® as a PH tool and aims to know who is using it, what content is shared on the platform and how much engagement there is. Methods This cross-sectional study regards information on 1000 Instagram® posts with the hashtags publichealth, publichealthpromotion, healthpromotion, publichealthmatters and publichealtheducation. Authors categorized post content and creators, and reviewed the number of likes and comments per post to determine engagement. Data analysis was performed on IBM SPSS® Statistics. Results The most common content categories were communicable diseases (n = 383), non-communicable diseases (n = 258) and healthy lifestyles (n = 143). Health professionals post more about communicable diseases (43,6%) and non-professionals about healthy lifestyles (36,1%). Non-professionals (n = 191) post about PH issues almost as much as health professionals (n = 220) and PH associations (n = 201). Most don't reference their sources (n = 821). Posts on communicable diseases have the most likes and comments per post (mean of 172 likes and 3,1 comments). Conclusions Half the Instagram® posts analysed in this study were made by health professionals or organizations. Communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and healthy lifestyles were the most frequent content categories and had the most engagement. The majority of posts didn't reference their sources. Though Instagram® seems to be a potential PH communication tool, further research is needed to confirm its benefits for PH. Key messages Social media platforms like Instagram® are potentially powerful tools for PH communication. There is a need to understand the efficacy of social media as health promotion tools.

Social media recruitment for mental health research: A systematic review

BackgroundSocial media holds exciting promise for advancing mental health research recruitment, however, the extent and efficacy to which these platforms are currently in use are underexplored. ObjectiveA systematic review was conducted to characterize the current use and efficacy of social media in recruiting participants for mental health research. MethodA literature review was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychINFO. Only non-duplicative manuscripts written in the English language and published between 1/1/2004–3/31/2019 were selected for further screening. Data extracted included study type and design, participant inclusion criteria, social media platform, advertising strategy, final recruited sample size, recruitment location, year, monetary incentives, comparison to other recruitment methods if performed, and final cost per participant. ResultsA total of 176 unique studies that used social media for mental health research recruitment were reviewed. The majority of studies were cross-sectional (62.5%) in design and recruited adults. Facebook was overwhelmingly the recruitment platform of choice (92.6%), with the use of paid advertisements being the predominant strategy (60.8%). Of the reviewed studies, substance abuse (43.8%) and mood disorders (15.3%) were the primary subjects of investigation. In 68.3% of studies, social media recruitment performed as well as or better than traditional recruitment methods in the number and cost of final enrolled participants. The majority of studies used Facebook for recruitment at a median cost per final recruited study participant of $19.47. In 55.6% of the studies, social media recruitment was the more cost-effective recruitment method when compared to traditional methods (e.g., referrals, mailing). ConclusionSocial media appears to be an effective and economical recruitment tool for mental health research. The platform raises methodological and privacy concerns not covered in current research regulations that warrant additional consideration.

Social media efficacy and workplace relationships

PurposeWith the increase of social media usage in the workplace as a background, this paper specifically addresses social media efficacy's and social media privacy's impact on supervisor and subordinate trust, affective organizational commitment (AOC) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) through the theoretical lens of communication privacy management (CPM) theory.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of 337 full- and part-time workers was conducted.FindingsPath models showed that social media efficacy positively influenced social media privacy which in turn impacted both supervisor trust and subordinate trust. Supervisor trust was positively related to AOC, while subordinate trust positively influenced OCB. t-tests revealed differences between workers who have social media relationships with supervisors and/or subordinates and those workers without such relationships.Practical implicationsIf workers believe they are adept at using social media, they will also be less concerned about the company's ability to infringe upon privacy through unwanted access to social media content. If social media efficacy drives perceptions of social media privacy and indirectly influences trust and organizational outcomes then it may be worthwhile for organizations to help enhance workers' feelings of social media efficacy through professional development programs.Originality/valueThis study is the first to extend research on workplace communication privacy into the realm of social media. Social media relationships also influence the work environment. These findings can be used as information in future research as well as policy development and professional development programs.

Moving Beyond the Friend-Foe Myth: A Scoping Review of the Use of Social Media in Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology.

Purpose: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer present a unique challenge to health care institutions. Their cancer diagnosis and treatment have a profound impact upon their health and well-being. Despite the various support services aimed at improving their quality of life, their needs and preferences are often underestimated or misjudged. Recent studies show that patients are empowered by the knowledge and support they receive online. Given the extensive use of social media among AYA, we aim to identify promises, challenges, and recommendations for integrating these platforms in AYA cancer care. Methodology: We systematically searched seven databases systematically: Scopus, PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, CINAHL, SocINDEX, and Media. We placed no restriction on the type of methodology used in the studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was used to frame the research. Results: Many studies argued that health care professionals need to integrate social media in their clinical practice to engage with patients' lifeworld. Social media were considered important allies in optimizing cancer care at all levels of support, ranging from information provision, treatment adherence, diet and exercise interventions, to professional, peer, and psychosocial self-care. Lack of research on the efficacy of social media in the context of psychosocial support was a commonly cited problem. A small number of publications paid attention to the inherent risks of promoting self-care online. Conclusion: Future studies should continue to pursue empirical research on the efficacy of online psychosocial care, while not neglecting the ethical challenges of social media research.

Perceptions and Sentiments About Electronic Cigarettes on Social Media Platforms: Systematic Review

BackgroundElectronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been widely promoted on the internet, and subsequently, social media has been used as an important informative platform by e-cigarette users. Beliefs and knowledge expressed on social media platforms have largely influenced e-cigarette uptake, the decision to switch from conventional smoking to e-cigarette smoking, and positive and negative connotations associated with e-cigarettes. Despite this, there is a gap in our knowledge of people’s perceptions and sentiments on e-cigarettes as depicted on social media platforms.ObjectiveThis study aimed to (1) provide an overview of studies examining the perceptions and sentiments associated with e-cigarettes on social media platforms and online discussion forums, (2) explore people’s perceptions of e-cigarette therein, and (3) examine the methodological limitations and gaps of the included studies.MethodsSearches in major electronic databases, including PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Communication and Mass Media Complete, were conducted using the following search terms: “electronic cigarette,” “electronic vaporizer,” “electronic nicotine,” and “electronic nicotine delivery systems” combined with “internet,” “social media,” and “internet use.” The studies were selected if they examined participants’ perceptions and sentiments of e-cigarettes on online forums or social media platforms during the 2007-2017 period.ResultsA total of 21 articles were included. A total of 20 different social media platforms and online discussion forums were identified. A real-time snapshot and characteristics of sentiments, personal experience, and perceptions toward e-cigarettes on social media platforms and online forums were identified. Common topics regarding e-cigarettes included positive and negative health effects, testimony by current users, potential risks, benefits, regulations associated with e-cigarettes, and attitude toward them as smoking cessation aids.ConclusionsAlthough perceptions among social media users were mixed, there were more positive sentiments expressed than negative ones. This study particularly adds to our understanding of current trends in the popularity of and attitude toward e-cigarettes among social media users. In addition, this study identified conflicting perceptions about e-cigarettes among social media users. This suggests that accurate and up-to-date information on the benefits and risks of e-cigarettes needs to be disseminated to current and potential e-cigarette users via social media platforms, which can serve as important educational channels. Future research can explore the efficacy of social media–based interventions that deliver appropriate information (eg, general facts, benefits, and risks) about e-cigarettes.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42019121611; https://tinyurl.com/yfr27uxs

Social media and citizen mobilisation in the biometric voter registration (BVR) process in Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT Considerable research has, in recent years, focused on the utility of social media platforms in political campaigns in both developed and developing countries, but there has not been significant analysis of social media use in voter registration campaigns. In seeking to address this lacuna in the literature, this article examines the use and efficacy of social media networking sites (SNS), namely Facebook and Twitter, in mobilising, informing and educating citizens to participate in a new system of biometric voter registration implemented in Zimbabwe. The article draws on a qualitative research methodology. The article contends that social media use amplified political knowledge of the Zimbabwean electorate ahead of the 2018 national election as exemplified in the upsurge of voter registrants under the biometric voter registration system.

Women’s March Minnesota on Facebook: Effects of social connection on different types of collective action

Scholars have long debated the efficacy of social media in facilitating offline collective action. This research seeks to fill a gap in that literature by examining the role of social ties in determining intention to participate in different types of collective action. Survey findings show that aspects of tie strength—reciprocity, duration, and affect—have different impact on intention to participate in high- and low-cost political actions. Findings from this study have theoretical implication for the field as well as practical implication for social movement organizers seeking to mobilize supporters using social media.

Using Social Media in Education and Using Social Media Strategies in Education and Corporate Organizations in the U.S. and Belarus

Rapid growth of new media technologies allows organizations to communicate with consumers in immediate and interactive ways via blogs and social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter. Consumers, companies, and organizations bypass mass media gatekeepers and engage in direct communication exchanges. This study examines social media efficacy from the perspective of corporate and educational organizations in the United States and Belarus. Using the Delphi method, authors administered iterative surveys to a panel of sixteen experts, seeking consensus points. Access to financial, staff, and technical resources allow corporations to make intensive and effective use of social media. Non-profit and education organizations are interested in ability to relate to stakeholders by low-cost technologies, human interest stories, and personal connections. US organizations valued appropriateness for target audience as the most important factor in evaluating the best use of social media. Belorussian organizations valued effectiveness of the channel itself or ease of use.

Use of Social Media in Election Marketing in Bangladesh: Its Impact on Voting Behavior

Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to illustrate the use of social media in election marketing in Bangladesh and to identify how social media is changing voting behavior of voters. Social media marketing involves the use of online social media tools—such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn—to reach voters in innovative ways. In previous years, traditional media play a significant role in creating awareness among people, but over a period of time social media becomes an important marketing tool which not only aware people but also help to attract them in election marketing Methodology: The researchers use ‘Quant-Qual design’ for this research. Related articles, books etc. are reviewed for gathering secondary data. Convenience sampling method has been used to collect primary data from 120 registered voters. Findings: The study has found that social media efficacy within voters create voting awareness and political knowledge and change their mentality towards politics and make them aware about their voting right. The best summary of this research is that social media build a relationship between politicians and people through online campaign that helps to generate public trust for the politicians. Research Limitations: The main limitation of this study is that some of the people are not comfortable to give their comments on this survey because of the political content. It limits the validity of the research. Practical Implications: Study will help both voters and politicians in national election as well as all types of election taking place in any organization like schools, colleges, banks, universities in Bangladesh and all over the world. Originality: The study cites the present situation of using social media in election marketing in Bangladesh. Study also provides guidelines about the future effectiveness of the social media in Bangladeshi election and its impact on voting behavior.

The social academic: a social capital approach to academic relationship management on social media

ABSTRACT Social media platforms offer scholars an additional channel to strengthen their social capital through networking, sharing content, showing appreciation for the work of others, and sharing information about themselves. The present study explores the relationship between demographic factors, academic factors, the relevance attributed to networking, career aspiration, social media use, and social media efficacy and relationship management on social media through a survey of 1,500 academics working in Germany. The results indicate that personal factors such as the relevance attributed to networking, career aspiration, social media use, and social media efficacy are stronger predictors of relationship management than demographic and academic factors. Furthermore, the results indicate that academics tend to create informative static profiles but do not use the potential of social media for dynamic interaction and exchange.

Social Media for Tobacco Smoking Cessation Intervention: A Review of the Literature

Social media platforms have the potential to reach large audiences and deliver intervention content in an interactive format. Yet, little is known about the efficacy of social media for smoking cessation treatment or which specific features best promote participant engagement and behavior change. This article seeks to evaluate the current literature on the use of social media interventions to support smoking cessation. Findings suggest that social media interventions are feasible and can be utilized effectively for smoking cessation treatment. Greater participant engagement with intervention content appears to be associated with positive changes in smoking behaviors in most, but not all studies reviewed. Smoking cessation interventions on social media hold promise to help smokers quit. Future randomized trials with longer follow-up intervals are needed to expand the current evidence base, as are studies that systematically investigate strategies to improve participant engagement with interventions.

Social Media Activism in the Digital Age: Testing an Integrative Model of Activism on Contentious Issues

The purpose of this study was to propose an integrative model of activism that explains why and how individuals in the networked society are engaged in contentious issues. Incorporating the situational theory of problem solving (STOPS), hostile media perception, affective injustice, and social media efficacy, this study examined how the integrative model of activism predicts social media activism and offline activism on three issues of gun ownership, immigration, and police use of power. The integrative model of activism provides a valuable standpoint to understand activist publics and serves as a springboard for further scholarly discussion on activism and conflict resolution.