Social Marginalization Research Articles

Foreign Intimacies and Political Pasts in Paula Markovitch’s El actor principal (2019)

This article studies the intersection of the protagonists’ basic emotions, bold gestures, and defiantly occupied places in Paula Markovitch’s El actor principal (2019) , which, in turn, reveals the tensions between their precarious livelihoods and subtle forms of agency. Markovitch’s fourth film focuses on a chance encounter in Berlin between a Mexican non-professional actor and former petty criminal, Luis, and a laundry room worker and Kosovo war survivor, Azra. Unable to communicate in the languages they speak (Spanish for Luis and Albanian for Azra), they begin to generate a unique intersubjectivity where contradictions make sense. Such communicative efforts, failures, and breakthroughs between the main characters paradoxically succeed in illuminating the deepest quandaries of their broken selves, emotional states, and political struggles of the past. As the protagonists’ exchange about personal past and present encumbrances grows increasingly dependent upon their gestures, their emotional bonding intensifies as well. Such a bonding ultimately sheds light on Markovitch’s complex aesthetic explorations of social marginality and resistance.

More Than Identity: An Intersectional Approach to Understanding Mental-Emotional Well-Being of Emerging Adults by Centering Lived Experiences of Marginalization.

Understanding social determinants that shape pertinent developmental shifts during emerging adulthood (i.e., ages 18-25 years) and their associations with psychological health requires a nuanced approach. In our exploratory study, we investigated how multiple social identities and lived experiences generated by systems of marginalization and power (e.g., racism, classism, sexism) intersect in connection to the mental-emotional well-being of emerging adults (EAs). Eating and Activity Over Time (EAT, 2010-2018) data were collected from 1,568 EAs (mean age= 22.2 (standard deviation, 2.0) years) recruited initially in 2010 from Minneapolis/St. Paul schools. Conditional inference tree analyses were employed to treat "social location" and systems of marginalization and power as interdependent social factors influencing EAs' mental-emotional well-being outcomes: depressive symptoms, stress, self-esteem, and self-compassion. Conditional inference tree analyses identified EAs' subgroups with differing mean levels of mental-emotional well-being outcomes, distinguished primarily by marginalized social experiences (e.g., discrimination, financial difficulties) rather than social identities themselves. The relative positioning of EAs' experiences of social marginalization (e.g., discrimination) to their social identities (e.g., race/ethnicity) suggests that the social experiences generated by systems of privilege and oppression (e.g., racism) are more adjacent social determinants of mental-emotional well-being than the social identities used in public health research to proxy the oppressive systems that give them social meaning.

Barriers in Dental Care Utilization-An Explorative Study among Transgender Community of Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Transgenders (TGs) are one of the vulnerable groups in our society. Trans people experience substantial health disparities and barriers to appropriate health care services that keep them from achieving the highest possible health status. The study was conducted over the course of 12 months at the Transgender Shelter Home. Focus group discussion (FGD) took place with 6-12 participants and the researcher acted as moderator. The questions were asked under four domains; sociodemographic variables, behavioral variables, medical and health status variables, and access and utilization of dental services barrier variables. Transcripts were coded and data analysis was concurrent with data collection to allow to know new insights. The data analysis was done by MAXQDA software 2022.0.0. It is being developed and distributed by VERBI Software based in Berlin, Germany. The barriers and facilitators explored were categorized at three levels: (1) the personal level, relating to those barriers and facilitators that the individual faced for their oral health care, and the perspectives regarding the delivery of care; (2) the inter-personal level; and (3) the system level, for identifying the wider elements and their influence. Social stigma and marginalization have been linked to adverse health effects, including personal attributes, structural and environmental factors, and personal perceptions of stigmatization. It is evident that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) communities have specific but varied health care needs, and the greatest way to treat these necessities is via exposure to professional, health care coverage.

Quipowanie muzeum: O wystawie Queering the Crip, Cripping the Queer w berlińskim Schwules Museum

Quipping the Museum: Queering the Crip, Cripping the Queer at Berlin’s Schwules Museum The article analyzes Queering the Crip, Cripping the Queer (Schwules Museum, Berlin, 2022/2023) – the first international exhibition which centred on the intersections of queer and crip history, culture, and activism. Drawing on the theoretical framework of cultural disability studies, Ojrzyńska examines its key thematic areas, such as inclusion, aesthetic beauty, history, and resistance. Informed by the minoritarian ethics of representation, Queering the Crip… showed how a museum exhibition can serve as a site of inclusivity and a resource for inclusive practices, nurturing solidarity and a sense of connection across various categories of social exclusion, invisibility, and marginalization, with major focus on “quip” identities, to use the neologism put forward by Quiplash. It expanded the Schwules Museum’s reach beyond those members of the queer community who fit in the bodily and mental “norm” as well as stimulating reflection on the place and role of disability in culture and society. In fact, the exhibition presented disability and queerness as identities and alternative ways of being in the world that can intersect and have a strong subversive political, ethical, and aesthetic potential.

“A million other factors killing us”: Black women's health and refusing necropolitics-as-usual during COVID-19

Ongoing social, economic, and political marginalization combined with racialized gender violence has sentenced Black women in the United States to disproportionate harm in the form of premature illness and death. Despite widespread recognition within the medical social sciences, public health, and social work of the health inequities that unevenly impact Black women, as a population, their suffering continues to be overlooked and marginalized in biomedical research, healthcare institutions, and health policy. This omission contributes to the naturalization and normalization of heightened morbidity and mortality of Black women. In this article, we draw from theory on necropolitics, misogynoir, and Black ecologies of care in analyzing findings from semi-structured interviews conducted between February and June 2021 with African American women (n = 16) who were experiencing a chronic health condition or caring for someone with a chronic health condition in Tucson, Arizona. Interviews explored women’s healthcare-seeking behaviors, experiences with healthcare providers, and self-care and caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings suggest that necropolitical logics in the form of naturalization and normalization of Black women's suffering – and of the structures that render such suffering – permeated but did not entirely define women's experiences of the pandemic, including how they navigated biomedical spaces and negotiated interactions with healthcare providers, engaged in practices of care (including self-care), and perceived and made meaning of their own health statuses. We advance a Black ecologies of care framework: (1) to make visible and hold accountable necropolitical structures in tabulations of morbidity and mortality; and (2), despite the myriad harms represented in logics of necropolitics-as-usual, to foreground the life-affirming practices by women that persist nevertheless.

Building Inclusive Policies in Basic Level Education

Purpose: The purpose of study inclusive education is the answer to the social marginalization of people that are considered as imperfect or inhuman. The intention is to get recognition of discriminated people through inclusive public policies. In addition, the purpose of the research was to stablish the relationship of factors associated to institutional cultures, policies, and inclusive practices in teachers of basic education. Method: This research used the quantitative methodology, with a basic type, non-experimental and transactional design. The sample included 102 teachers of basic education and the instrument used Likert scale questions. Evaluating the results, there are factors related to the other elements were mentioned before. Those aspects have a connection with factors like sex, age, employment characteristics and employment status. Results and conclusion: Entities like the National Council of Education recognizes the evolution that exists with the inclusive public policies, including the action of all members involved, Adapting those objectives to the Peruvian reality, inclusion and diversity were included in the National Curriculum for Basic Education. The main goal of this action is to give students more opportunities in the education system, following the standards. Research implications: Inclusive education includes national and international policies, and aspects related to theorical and practical research. This paper shows the inclusive education as an educational ideal, considering visions of the area. It also has different beliefs about the purpose, the content, and the way of how education is organized. Originality/value: Inclusive teaching means a change to value and respect diversity, allowing that society can improve human development. To bet on inclusive education offers more and better opportunities to train, develop and invite the society to be part of a commitment.

Cumulative adversity, mindfulness, and mental health in first-time mothers experiencing low income

BackgroundSocioeconomic adversity can negatively impact the mental and physical health of mothers and their offspring. This paper extends understanding of the interrelationship of these factors during the perinatal time frame, specifically to: 1.) evaluate the impact of adverse childhood events (ACES), negative life events (NLEs), and socioeconomic factors on the mental health of low-income expecting mothers; 2) evaluate for differences by race/ethnicity in adversity predicting perinatal mental health; 3) examine how mindfulness interacts with socioeconomic adversity in predicting prenatal mental health. Methods202 predominately non-white primiparous females with household income at or below 200% of the federal poverty level participated. Measures included ACEs, NLEs, and several descriptors of socioeconomic status. Resilience and mindfulness were measured as possible protective factors. In the sequence of socioeconomic factors, ACEs, and NLEs, hierarchical multiple regression tested these measures as predictors of prenatal depression and anxiety, also evaluating for interaction effects. ResultsControlling for socioeconomic factors, higher ACEs and NLEs independently predicted worse prenatal mental health. Cumulative socioeconomic risk interacted with ACEs to predict higher prenatal anxiety and more accurately predict prenatal depression scores. Higher mindfulness predicted lower anxiety and depression regardless of adversity, but was also significantly negatively correlated with ACEs. LimitationsGeneralizability of results are limited by the sample size and specific geographic region. ConclusionSocioeconomic and psychosocial adversity cumulatively impact prenatal mental health. Mindfulness may be a valuable target for resilience-enhancing interventions prepartum but is not a solution to the clear detriments that social and economic marginalization have on mental health.

The Vicious Circle of Marginalization of the Kokoda Tribe in Sorong, Southwest Papua

Objective: to analyze the complexity of marginalization faced by the Kokoda Tribe in Sorong, Southwest Papua. Theoretical framework: The Gramsci's theory of hegemony explains that the dominance of intellectual and moral leadership by the ruling class caused the complexity of marginalization. Methods: qualitative research with a critical ethnographic approach. Data were found through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were processed through the stages of ethnographic discovery, making ethnographic notes, and ethnographic descriptions. Data were analyzed through four stages: domain analysis, taxonomy analysis, component analysis, and theme analysis. Results and conclusion: the complexity of marginalization of the Kokoda Tribe, including psychological marginalization: negative stereotypes such as destroyers of nature, criminals, and low work ethic. Political marginalization: political monopoly and political victimization. Economic marginalization: jobs that only come from nature, such as stone breaking and selling mangroves. Social marginalization: ostracism and limited information. Educational marginalization: very low education. The vicious circle of marginalization experienced by the Kokoda Tribe is the result of the hegemony of the dominant group's power. Research implications: Suggestions to the government, academics, and social institutions to help improve the quality of life of the Kokoda Tribe who are independent, dignified, and able to create a sustainable living environment. Originality: The causes of marginalization are not always external, but can also be internal, such as the domination of indigenous Papuan ruling groups.

P-560 Stigma related to male infertility in China: a scale development and validation study

Abstract Study question Is it possible to develop a trustworthy instrument to evaluate the infertile men's stigma and to document fully all methodological steps, including validation? Summary answer The Male Infertility Stigma Scale (MISS) has been developed to evaluate the stigma status of infertile men with a good reliability and validity. What is known already Infertile men regard childless as a hidden stigma, which influence all the dimensions of their lives and well-being. Most instruments focus exclusively on women and no questionnaires have been directed at infertile men. Study design, size, duration A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyse the validity and reliability of MISS. This was a one-centre study in the Center of Reproductive Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2019 to May 2019. Participants/materials, setting, methods This study was carried out on men (n = 432) with a diagnosis and treatment for male-factor infertility. Item generation and reduction of MISS was formed by combining literature review, interviews of experts and patients, and related scale. Exploratory factor analysis (n = 216) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 216) were performed to indicate the scale constructs. In addition, reliability analyses including internal consistency and test–retest analysis (n = 18)were carried out. Validity was analyzed by convergent validity and content validity. Main results and the role of chance This study developed a 18-item MISS with three dimensions (social marginalization, self-devaluation, psychological insecurity). Exploratory factor analysis indicated that these three dimensions explained 60.14% of total variances.The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the construct of the MISS fitted well with the hypothetical model. The Cronbach's α,split-half coefficient and test–retest correlation coefficient for the whole scale was 0.951, 0.884,and 0.945, respectively. The associations of the MISS with other measure suggested good convergent validity. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was 0.988. Limitations, reasons for caution The reliability and validity of the MISS developed in this study were verified only among the infertility men in Guangzhou and the discriminant validity of dimension 3(psychological insecurity) in this survey was a little poor. The convenience sampling method precluded the validity and generalization of the conclusions. Wider implications of the findings This study may create an effective evaluation measurement to understand the stigma status of infertile men. Future studies should focus on using the MISS in larger samples with different characterizations, such as different areas, and then taking some measures to help them . Trial registration number None

Displacement and Marginalisation of Haitian Immigrants

Displacement is the forced or voluntary migration of people. Colonialism and Imperialism are the significant factors that lead to the displacement and dislocation of people. Economic poverty and natural calamities add to the physical movement of people from one country to another. The migrants suffer physically and psychologically in the host countries. The fear of non-acceptance leads to their marginalisation in society. Marginalisation is a social phenomenon in which ethnic minorities or sub-groups are excluded from mainstream society. When an individual migrates, he aspires to acceptance in the host country. The natives do not find any semblance to the migrants and do not accept them; they treat them indifferently, demean them, and use derogatory terms for them. The immigrants find it difficult to adapt and feel secluded and marginalised. Edwidge Danticat writes about the immigration of Haitians and the problems they faced after immigration. The immigrants are displaced in the host country and feel alienated when they do not find any help or solace. They face social, economic, political, cultural and psychological marginalisation. The marginalised are always at the receiving end, and their needs are ignored. These marginalised people may develop low self-confidence and self-esteem.

Social Genomics Model of Health Disparities

Social stress such as financial scarcity, childhood trauma, and neighborhood violence has been associated with worse health outcomes. Furthemore, the social stress one experiences is not accidental. Rather, it can be the result of systematic economic and social marginalization through social policies, built environment and neighborhood underdevelopment from structural racism and discrimination. The psychological and physical stress associated with social exposure risk has been identified as possible explanatory variables for the disparities in health outcomes we have previously assigned to “race.” We will use lung cancer as a use case to illustrate a novel model that links social exposure, behavioral risk and the stress response to outcomes.

The Vulnerability of International Floating Populations to Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Qualitative Study.

With the rapid development of the global economy, along with globalisation, the health of international floating populations (especially their sexual health) has become a problem that cannot be ignored. This study explored the potential vulnerability of international floating populations to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) from the points of view of society, religion, culture, migration, community environment, and personal behaviours. In-depth exploratory interviews with 51 members of the international floating population living in China were conducted in June and July 2022. A qualitative thematic analysis methodology was used to analyse the content of these interviews. We found that a conservative culture orientated around religion leads to a lack of sex education, resulting in insufficient personal knowledge as well as a lack of the motivation and awareness required to encourage condom use during sexual contact. Additionally, both geographical isolation and reduced social supervision have expanded personal space, which has led to social isolation and marginalisation, in addition to challenges for coping with STI risk. These factors have increased the possibility of individuals engaging in risky behaviours.

Enactive artificial intelligence: subverting gender norms in human-robot interaction.

This paper presents Enactive Artificial Intelligence (eAI) as a gender-inclusive approach to AI, emphasizing the need to address social marginalization resulting from unrepresentative AI design. The study employs a multidisciplinary framework to explore the intersectionality of gender and technoscience, focusing on the subversion of gender norms within Robot-Human Interaction in AI. The results reveal the development of four ethical vectors, namely explainability, fairness, transparency, and auditability, as essential components for adopting an inclusive stance and promoting gender-inclusive AI. By considering these vectors, we can ensure that AI aligns with societal values, promotes equity and justice, and facilitates the creation of a more just and equitable society.

Food and Water Insecurity in Sexual and Gender Minority Groups Living With HIV in Lagos, Nigeria.

Food and water insecurity are associated with poor health outcomes that may be exacerbated by social marginalization and barriers to health care experienced by sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in resource-limited settings. We explored factors associated with food and water insecurity in SGM with HIV. A longitudinal study of 357 men who have sex with men, transgender women, and other gender-identifying people in Lagos, Nigeria. Laboratory testing, interviews, food and water assessments, and anthropometry were performed quarterly. Robust Poisson regression with generalized estimating equations was used to evaluate factors potentially associated with food and water insecurity. From 2014 to 2018, 357 SGM with HIV completed either the food or water assessments. At baseline, participants identified as cisgender men who have sex with men 265 (74.2%), transgender women 63 (17.7%), or as nonbinary/other gender 29 (8.1%). Food insecurity and water insecurity were reported by 63/344(18.3%) and 113/357(31.7%), respectively, at any visit. Food and water insecurity each decreased with ongoing study participation. Food insecurity was associated with nonpartnered relationship status, CD4 count <500 cells/mm 3 , and lack of access to piped water. Water insecurity was associated with age 25 years or older, living with a man, transactional sex, and food insecurity. Food and water insecurity were common among SGM in Nigeria and decreased with continued study participation, suggesting amenability to intervention when SGM are successfully engaged in care. Targeted interventions to support food and water security may improve HIV-related outcomes, such as CD4 count.

“I just don't go nowhere:” How transportation disadvantage reinforces social exclusion

Building on Blumenberg and Agrawal's (2014) study of the transportation survival strategies employed by low-income people, this study finds that not only do transit disadvantaged individuals employ adaptive strategies for living without reliable personal transportation, but that these strategies may work to reinforce their social exclusion and marginalization, locking them out of opportunities that would be available to them if all their travel needs were met. Focusing on the experiences of transport disadvantaged residents in a Chattanooga, Tennessee, the authors discuss the literature on transport disadvantage and social exclusion, present the case study and methods, discuss the findings and conclude with implications for policy and further research. This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between transport disadvantage and social exclusion by expanding the conceptualization of social exclusion itself, and related concepts like spatial mismatch. This work adds to the breadth of our conceptualization of transportation equity and how policy not only impacts one's opportunity structure, but shapes how they respond to that opportunity structure.

The multiplicity of impact: how social marginalization compounds climate disasters

ABSTRACT This study advances and examines the proposition that social marginalization, especially along racial and ethnic lines, produces compound disadvantages that accumulate across a wide range of personal, social and political domains when climate disasters strike, producing a multiplicity of impact often missed by quantitative research on social vulnerability. To test this claim, we use data collected by the Houston Area Survey after the historic rainfall brought by Hurricane Harvey in 2017. Analyses reveal that impacts to Black residents were much more pervasive than for any other group, including a disproportionate likelihood of impact to their income, transportation and personal networks in addition to their housing. Results also indicate that this multiplicity of impact across one’s personal and social domains associates with greater scrutiny of local government’s role in the disaster, net of one’s general political ideology. The implication is that we cannot fully understand the social impacts of a changing climate through social vulnerability metrics and property damage assessments, alone. More comprehensive frameworks and impact accounting are needed.

Accelerometer-Based Physical Activity and Shape and Weight Concerns Among Youth With Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Exploratory Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Background: A bidirectional association between shape and weight concerns (SWC) and physical activity (PA) has been previously documented. This relationship may be particularly salient among youth with overweight/obesity, given that social marginalization of larger bodies has been associated with elevated SWC and barriers to PA. This pilot study explores reciprocal relationships between momentary SWC and accelerometer-assessed PA behavior. Methods: Youth with overweight/obesity (N = 17) participated in a 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol, during which they were prompted to respond to questions about SWC several times per day. They also continuously wore Actiwatch 2 accelerometers to capture light and moderate-to-vigorous PA behavior. Results: Hierarchical linear modeling revealed a unidirectional association between SWC and PA, whereby after engaging in a higher duration of PA, participants reported lower SWC. SWC did not predict subsequent PA. Conclusion: The findings support a negative temporal relationship between PA and SWC. While further work is needed to replicate and extend these preliminary findings, they may suggest that PA acutely benefits SWC among youth with overweight and obesity.

Debris of sovereignty: discards and territorial domination in a popular neighbourhood of Lagos, Nigeria

ABSTRACT In Lagos’s popular neighbourhoods, the economic transformations of the 1980s have brought about the emergence of popular economies of urban mining centred on discards. In the district of Mushin, discards have at the same time sustained the emergence of powerful street lords. Based on an ethnography of the neighbourhood of Sàkani, this article details associations between local powerholders and garbage, while analysing the central role played by waste in the agglomeration and stabilisation of an alternative local sovereignty. For its symbolic, economic and spatial value, garbage is enlisted by local leaders in the maintenance of a system of territorial domination that hinders the functionalisation of urban space and generates chronic socioenvironmental suffering while mediating the conditions of economic, social and political marginality pressed onto its dwellers.

Policing the In/Exclusion of Social Marginality: The Preventive Regulation of Public Space in Urban Switzerland

Urban spaces are always contested and, as such, permeated by processes of inclusion and exclusion. Since the 2000s, new types of governmental public order services have been established in Switzerland specialized in dealing with socially marginalized individuals, groups, or areas. Without having police powers, they proceed with socio‐communicative methods typical in outreach social work. Based on our ethnographic research and drawing on Foucault‐inspired governmentality studies we elucidate the socio‐preventive risk management of two types of order services: While the welfare type aims to protect public spaces of attractive urban centers from social marginality, the neighborhood watch type is concerned with improving the coexistence of residents of marginalized housing developments. As the former wants to keep socio‐spatial in/exclusion of social marginality in motion and prevent its fixation in certain places, the latter works towards the inclusive socio‐spatial entrenchment of residents in segregated housing developments. Both dynamics—inclusion and exclusion—are closely intertwined and utilized for the governance of public spaces. The “inclusive city” should not be celebrated as a dull ideal and must be confronted with its own socio‐spatial mechanisms of exclusion.

(In)visibility, Mediated, and Sporting Perceptions: Bollywood, Biopics, and the Epistemic Turn in Mary Kom

In recent years several Hindi films have been produced that delineate the difficulties and challenges faced by Indian athletes and boxers, and highlight their sociocultural struggles in asserting their pursuit of and passion for their sport. Mary Kom (2014) is one such Hindi-language biographical sports film based on the life of the eponymous boxer Mary Kom, a film that brings to the foreground the ingrained social prejudices, gender biases and marginalization that affect the personal lives of sportswomen and play decisive roles in shaping their career trajectories. Here we contend that biopics like Mary Kom are immensely significant in delinking the dominant epistemologies, ideologies and interpretations, undermining the controlling vision and visibility, and broadening the horizons of understanding through visual representations. Biopics on sportswomen, in uncovering stories of their astounding achievements, generate alternative epistemologies and disentangle the epistemologies of sportswomen from the exclusive epistemic domain of men. The article examines Mary Kom from the standpoint of “aesthetic epistemology,” a way of producing knowledge in which visualizations are intended to convey something invisible to the spectator and heighten their epistemic awareness. Finally, the article argues that biopics like Mary Kom emphasize plural modes of knowing and recognizing the hegemonized epistemologies and ontologies of Indian sportswomen, and thereby interrogate the logocentrism of power and the governmentality of male-centered Hindi sports films.