Social Infrastructure Systems Research Articles

팀학습을 통한 우수인재양성 커리큘럼 연구

Objectives Korea's Global Talent Competitiveness Index was found to be low, because of high brain drain and organizational defection. We attempted to analyze the characteristics of the appropriate team learning experiences and best case of B University in order to get some implications suitable for the future organization. Methods The learning experiences of high performers were interviewed and using general qualitative research procedures consisting of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. In order to more systematically reconstruct the operation case of University B, where CTL's entire program is run team-oriented, a deliberation model was implemented. Finally an advisory opinion on innovation and science and technology course was prepared. Results College students showed a high degree of professional orientation in relation to their career paths, expanded information collection channels by selecting teams or groups related to consistently interested topics, and thought through constant differentiation of knowledge, comparison and contrast, and direct and indirect experiential learning. Success factors for high performers in workplace team learning include increasing individual learning through intentional structural hall development, lowering organizational political issues through interdependent team design, and establishing information entry barriers in sites with more information errors. Analyzing 16 CTL programs at University B, which target entrepreneurship as a extra curricular program, and reorganized them into four stages based on Grow's SDL system and its own core competencies. Conclusions Science and technology experts provide social media, video media, coding, big data analysis, machine/deep learning analysis contents, and content from the Department of Social Infrastructure Systems, Mega City Disaster Prevention, and Architecture as science and technology knowledge that everyone needs to know in order to develop citizenship. Through world-class cases related to architecture, it designed interest in class and its use in real life.

Monolithic Self-Charging Storage Device with Stable 3 V Operation

Monolithic self-charging storage device with Stable 3 V Operation The energy paradigm has been changing from the traditional power plant system to micro-gride system based on renewable energy. However, renewable energy including wind, solar, and vibration, is intermittent and influenced by time, weather, and location. Thus, the suitable storage device is required for efficient utilization of renewable energy. The representative combination of renewable energy and energy storage device is an energy storage system (EES) consisting of photovoltaic systems and Lithium-ion batteries. The EES is mainly applied to social infrastructure system that generate large amounts of energy. As the Fourth Industrial Revolution progresses, the rechargeable power supply including Lithium-ion batteries is widely applied to wireless system such as sensor network, wearable device, and electric vehicles. However, the batteries have only storage function, so periodic charging is required. Thus, it is necessary to develop technologies for portable and small energy generation/storage as standalone power sources that can continuously supply power to various electronic devices. Large-scale energy production/storage system has entered the maturity stage, but the development of portable and small energy generation/storage systems based on IoT is in its early stages. To date, research on this system is conducted by simply connecting energy harvesting and energy storage device to external wires after manufacturing them independently. However, the introduction of additional wires is complicated in system design and manufacturing and has difficulty in miniaturization. These problems have motivated the integration of both functions into one device. The integrated device is fabricated by sharing one electrode, called a common electrode between the energy harvesting and storage components. Currently, research on a monolithic photo-charging storage device that integrates solar cells and energy storage devices into one device has been developed. This structure can miniaturization and flexible design, thereby it is suitable for the wearable and smart device. Although the importance of an integrated device is emphasized, the current research of monolithic device is limited to the fabrication of an integrated device without considering their practicability. In other words, most studies focus on simply connecting two devices to achieve the highest overall efficiency. In this case, since the open circuit voltage of single solar cell is under 1 V, the operation of photo-charging storage device is limited to 1 V. Thus, we proposed the monolithic photo-charging storage device operating at 3 V. We fabricated the multiple series-connected perovskite solar cell to increase the operating voltage. Since the secondary batteries are difficult to be charged by the high current density of 20 mA cm−2 solar cell owing to their storage mechanism, we choose the supercapacitor with the rapid response to an applied electric field change. We select the silver paste as the common electrode owing to its strong adhesion, high electric conductivity, and lack of chemical/mechanical damage to the solar cell and supercapacitor. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculation, we prove the common electrode exhibits good compatibility with our supercapacitor and solar cell. For this reason, the proposed photo-charging storage device exhibits an ultra-fast charging time of less than 3 sec under AM 1.5 G illumination and high overall efficiency of 13.17 % at 1 mA cm−2 and 9.87 % at 20 mA cm−2. For electric double layer supercapacitors integrated with a solar cell, higher discharging current densities that 20 mA cm−2 have not been reported so far. We firstly demonstrate the behavior of photo-charging storage device under light/dark state by the impedance analysis. By the impedance analysis, we demonstrated that the solar cell provides a stable power supply to the supercapacitor under light condition. Further, the additional encapsulation ensures the long-term stability of photo-charging storage device and demonstrate the indoor cycling performance. We prove the photo-charging storage device has high potential as an IoT sensor power source. Figure 1

The association between temperature and alcohol- and substance-related disorder hospital visits in New York State

BackgroundLimited evidence exists on how temperature increases are associated with hospital visits from alcohol- and substance-related disorders, despite plausible behavioral and physiological pathways.MethodsIn the present study, we implemented a case-crossover design, which controls for seasonal patterns, long-term trends, and non- or slowly-varying confounders, with distributed lag non-linear temperature terms (0–6 days) to estimate associations between daily ZIP Code-level temperature and alcohol- and substance-related disorder hospital visit rates in New York State during 1995–2014. We also examined four substance-related disorder sub-causes (cannabis, cocaine, opioid, sedatives).ResultsHere we show that, for alcohol-related disorders, a daily increase in temperature from the daily minimum (−30.1 °C (−22.2 °F)) to the 75th percentile (18.8 °C (65.8 °F)) across 0–6 lag days is associated with a cumulative 24.6% (95%CI,14.6%–34.6%) increase in hospital visit rates, largely driven by increases on the day of and day before hospital visit, with an association larger outside New York City. For substance-related disorders, we find evidence of a positive association at temperatures from the daily minimum (−30.1 °C (−22.2 °F)) to the 50th percentile (10.4 °C (50.7 °F)) (37.7% (95%CI,27.2%–48.2%), but not at higher temperatures. Findings are consistent across age group, sex, and social vulnerability.ConclusionsOur work highlights how hospital visits from alcohol- and substance-related disorders are currently impacted by elevated temperatures and could be further affected by rising temperatures resulting from climate change. Enhanced social infrastructure and health system interventions could mitigate these impacts.

Harvesting High-Rises: A Comprehensive Review of Urban Farming Practice and Impacts in Malaysian Buildings

Malaysia has started to implement urban agriculture in cities as urban farming is more than just growing food in the city. It also integrated into the city's economic, social, ecological, and physical infrastructure systems. Despite its numerous advantages, it also has drawbacks that may affect the building conditions and the occupants because of inefficient management practice. This implies that building managers and urban planners must take into account the implications of urban agriculture when undertaking such projects, and adapt them to suit existing building conditions. Thus, this paper aims to study the current practise and the impact of urban farming towards the occupants and the building conditions. Therefore, a literature review was carried out to reach the study's aim. The study’s findings indicate that the negative impact of urban farming on buildings and occupants can be reduced with effective maintenance practices. These results may help guide future research, which should focus on developing a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between urban agriculture and building management efficiency, allowing for the development of effective strategies for implementing urban farming that can mitigate the impacts of climate change in urban areas.

Using digital ecosystems in public-private partnership

Public-private partnership can be considered one of the most priority areas for the development of social and transport infrastructure, improving education and healthcare systems, and attracting private capital to the economy. Effective implementation of infrastructure and investment projects within the framework of public–private partnership allows the state and private investors to benefit, and ultimately all citizens. State administrative levers should be focused on the formation of the legal framework necessary for effective cooperation between private business and government agencies. Public-private partnership can play an important role in the implementation of state targeted programs. The participation of private capital in these programs will make it possible to save the expenditure of public funds, as well as increase the return on investment activities. The use of the digital ecosystem within the framework of public-private partnership makes it possible to simplify the interaction of the private sector of the economy with public institutions. Thanks to the use of the digital ecosystem, the state will be able to more effectively select partners for the implementation of joint projects. The use of the digital ecosystem will save time on the examination of promising investment projects. The use of digital economic systems allows to reduce the time costs necessary for making effective management decisions, as well as to increase labor productivity. Digital ecosystems are able to bring public-private partnership to a qualitatively higher level of relations between business and the state.

Dominant trends in the development of social infrastructure in rural areas of the Republic of Mordovia

The subject of the study is the dominant trends in the development of the social infrastructure of rural areas of the Republic of Mordovia. The author focuses on the fact that underestimation of the role of social infrastructure and a rather long period of its financing on a residual basis led to an increase in territorial imbalances in its development. Most of the social infrastructure facilities are concentrated in cities and district centers, and rural settlements are still significantly inferior to them in the level of infrastructure provision. The problems of physical deterioration of social infrastructure facilities, as well as the low level of their transport accessibility for the population living far from district centers remain relevant. The unevenness of social living conditions in rural settlements with different populations persists in almost all municipal districts of the republic. A detailed analysis of the structural elements of the social infrastructure of rural areas of the Republic of Mordovia indicates that the preservation of bipolar conditions of territorial development remains the dominant trend. The scientific novelty of this study is to identify territorial imbalances in the level of development of the social infrastructure of rural areas and to develop practical recommendations aimed at reducing them and increasing the infrastructural potential. According to the author, this will largely be facilitated by construction, bringing infrastructure facilities in line with modern requirements, ensuring balanced development of social infrastructure systems, etc. Special attention should be paid to improving the regulatory framework for the development of rural social infrastructure, creating conditions for attracting investment in the social sphere of the village.

Identification of Regional Factors Affecting Management of Territories: Formation of Residence and Social Infrastructure System in Urban and Rural Settlements in Kazakhstan

Ensuring the socio-economic development of a country and its territories as a key area of public administration includes the choice of directions and approaches to improving the efficiency of management processes. In the study, the authors focused on the processes of settlement, social infrastructure, and architectural and planning organization of populated areas, which are important factors influencing the development of territories. The article aims at developing a conceptual and theoretical model of the management system of the settlement and social infrastructure in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To attain this objective, the following methods were used: the analysis of documents (archives and historical materials), architectural design methods, socio-economic and demographic analysis, SWOT analysis, and population survey. Data collection was carried out during the expedition and from 1991 to 2020 based on monitoring the forms and methods of managing territories in changing socio-economic conditions, which contributes to the improvement of the settlement system of urban and rural settlements, as well as on the way of life of the population, and the impact of historical, climatic, natural, and socio-economic factors on the spatial organization in the territory. Based on the study results, a conceptual and theoretical model of organization management in the settlement system and social infrastructure of Kazakhstan was developed which reduces the level of urbanization in rural areas and increases the comfort of living of the population and the opportunities for attracting tourists.

Does public intervention in dealing with problems of mosquitoes/flies in India crowd out private initiatives?

ABSTRACT The spread of vector-borne diseases poses considerable public health challenges in India, such that both government and private households engage in initiatives to tackle the problem. This study utilises two nationally representative datasets (2018 and 2012) to determine if action undertaken by state/local government(s) in India in tackling the problems of mosquitoes/flies is associated with a crowding out of private efforts in addressing the problem; or instead is associated with greater private action. Study findings reveal that local/state government action is associated with an increase in household effort in dealing with the problem of mosquitoes/flies. Action by state/local governments in India may convey information to households which may alter their decision-making calculus regarding returns on investments triggering an increase in private effort complementing the public effort. Accordingly, simple government-sponsored advertising campaigns may not be efficacious in promulgating desired behavioural responses. This study finds that direct government action aimed at mitigating the transmission of vector-borne diseases, together with investment in education, social infrastructure and health system interaction may provide positive information signals to households thus enhancing private investment in health-related activity.

Manual RC Bridge Analysis and Designing

Bridges is a structure intended to carry the road traffic or other moving load to pass through the obstacles. The bridge may be roadway bridge, railway bridge,a canal, pipelines, etc. the main obstacles can be river, valley, and others.Bridges are very important in the modern roads and railway transportation system, generally serving as social infrastructure system. During constructing bridge there are three main components of the bridge, and they are (substructure, superstructure, bearing), etc. this study is concern about the manual analysis and design of the bridge, it’s built for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacles, generally something that can obstacle to cross otherwise.

From Awareness to Action: Accounting for Infrastructure Interdependencies in Disaster Response and Recovery Planning.

This paper highlights challenges and open questions pertaining to physical and social infrastructure system interdependencies and their implications for disaster response, recovery, and resilience planning efforts. We describe the importance of understanding interdependencies in disaster contexts and highlight limitations to existing approaches. Suggestions for understanding and addressing interdependencies focus on increasing availability of tools for assessing interdependencies and increasing stakeholder and decisionmaker uptake of infrastructure interdependency‐related information in planning efforts.

CLARC: An Artificial Community for Modeling the Effects of Extreme Hazard Events on Interdependent Civil and Social Infrastructure Systems

AbstractDuring the development of a suite of computer-aided decision support tools for the restoration of interdependent infrastructures impacted by an extreme natural hazard event, it became appar...

Some Matters relating to Urban Management aiming to Reduction of Environmental Pollution

Urban areas are constantly developing and rapidly, especially in recent times. According to the United Nations, in 1950 the global urban population accounted for only 29% of the world's population; this figure was 50% in 2009 and will be 60% in 2030 with about 5 billion people. In Vietnam, urban population is projected to account for 38% of the country's population by 2015, 45% of the country's population in 2020 and 50% of the national population by 2025 with about 25 million. In the process of urbanization with growth and development, cities often face significant challenges. These are: 1) Unbalanced development, over-focus on large cities makes the development gap between urban and rural areas more and more increasing; 2) Unsustainable development, rapid technical and social infrastructure systems degrading rapidly, especially housing and environmental sanitation; 3) The administrative management capacity of urban governments must often chase the rapid growth of urban areas; 4) Poverty, crime and unemployment often occur in rapidly growing cities but lack solid economic and technical bases. In order to have an identity of sustainable urban development, development cannot be separated from preserving stability in which urban management is always a very important task.

Some Matters relating to Urban Management aiming to Reduction of Environmental Pollution

Urban areas are constantly developing and rapidly, especially in recent times. According to the United Nations, in 1950 the global urban population accounted for only 29% of the world's population; this figure was 50% in 2009 and will be 60% in 2030 with about 5 billion people. In Vietnam, urban population is projected to account for 38% of the country's population by 2015, 45% of the country's population in 2020 and 50% of the national population by 2025 with about 25 million. In the process of urbanization with growth and development, cities often face significant challenges. These are: 1) Unbalanced development, over-focus on large cities makes the development gap between urban and rural areas more and more increasing; 2) Unsustainable development, rapid technical and social infrastructure systems degrading rapidly, especially housing and environmental sanitation; 3) The administrative management capacity of urban governments must often chase the rapid growth of urban areas; 4) Poverty, crime and unemployment often occur in rapidly growing cities but lack solid economic and technical bases. In order to have an identity of sustainable urban development, development cannot be separated from preserving stability in which urban management is always a very important task.

State support of the village social infrastructure systems

The paper presents an analysis of the existing system of state support for rural social infrastructure for the first time. To address this goal the author studied the state information resources and data base of research of the models of state support for the sustainable development of rural areas. The researcher reveals the limitations of research on this subject (the analysis of Web of science, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer Link, Agris, Russian research data base), formulates the descriptive models of various countries in Europe and North America, and groups them into two basic systems. The tests revealed the main factors of the system of public funding of social infrastructure projects. In general financing the algorithms of support for rural social infrastructure were brought to light, the basis of which is made up by two main groups of countries: those with a support system for large rural settlements, selected on the principle of “driving member” and the countries with a system of grant and loan support for rural communities based on projects and local initiatives. The list of systems is not closed, because the study does not affect the countries of Asia, South America, Africa and Australia, which have their own distinctive features. The limitations in a single database of comparable statistical data about the objects of social and engineering infrastructure in rural areas do not allow to assess the effectiveness of investments. The author comes to the conclusion that single common methodology and standards for the evaluation of all forms of efficiency (economic, social, demographic and environmental) the use of state and interstate programs of support of social and infrastructural projects in rural areas, including a preliminary assessment of the needs in social and engineering facilities are necessary.

The Centerville Virtual Community: a fully integrated decision model of interacting physical and social infrastructure systems

Enhancing community resilience in the future will require new interdisciplinary systems-based approaches that depend on many disciplines, including engineering, social and economic, and information sciences. The National Institute of Standards and Technology awarded the Center for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning to Colorado State University and nine other universities in 2015, with the overarching goal of establishing the measurement science for community resilience assessment. The Centerville Virtual Community Testbed is aimed at enabling fundamental resilience assessment algorithms to be initiated, developed, and coded in a preliminary form, and tested before the refined measurement methods and supporting data classifications and databases necessary for a more complete assessment have fully matured. This paper introduces the Centerville Testbed, defining the physical infrastructure within the community, natural hazards to which it is exposed, and the population demographics necessary to assess potential post-disaster impacts on the population, local economy, and public services that are described in detail in the companion papers of this Special Issue.

Resilience in social insect infrastructure systems.

Both human and insect societies depend on complex and highly coordinated infrastructure systems, such as communication networks, supply chains and transportation networks. Like human-designed infrastructure systems, those of social insects are regularly subject to disruptions such as natural disasters, blockages or breaks in the transportation network, fluctuations in supply and/or demand, outbreaks of disease and loss of individuals. Unlike human-designed systems, there is no deliberate planning or centralized control system; rather, individual insects make simple decisions based on local information. How do these highly decentralized, leaderless systems deal with disruption? What factors make a social insect system resilient, and which factors lead to its collapse? In this review, we bring together literature on resilience in three key social insect infrastructure systems: transportation networks, supply chains and communication networks. We describe how systems differentially invest in three pathways to resilience: resistance, redirection or reconstruction. We suggest that investment in particular resistance pathways is related to the severity and frequency of disturbance. In the final section, we lay out a prospectus for future research. Human infrastructure networks are rapidly becoming decentralized and interconnected; indeed, more like social insect infrastructures. Human infrastructure management might therefore learn from social insect researchers, who can in turn make use of the mature analytical and simulation tools developed for the study of human infrastructure resilience.

Some approaches to the effective functioning of the system model social infrastructure company

In today's economic conditions, characterized by a high degree of instability and uncertainty as the conditions for the functioning of economic entities, as well as political and economic conditions in general, in the management structure of the economy it is advisable to proceed from the position of the key concepts of management, optimally adapted to the real situation. In this context, it is necessary to use scientific innovation to improve the economic growth of economic entities through the effective functioning of the enterprise social infrastructure models. Lineup social infrastructure systems involves various models of a number of features of structure. In this regard, according to the strategic objectives of a business entity, on its socio-economic targets need to use all the resource capacity of the organization to achieve its objectives by means of integration in the social infrastructure system model that focuses on the efficient use of human resources in the process of increasing the economic performance of the company. So, guided by a number of basic principles of the successful implementation of social infrastructure mechanisms of enterprises, structure of the economy with a view to long-term effective operation, it is necessary to take into account the value of the vectors of the organizational culture of polarization in the motivation of personnel, which could be one of the levers of growth of efficiency of functioning of the enterprise, a powerful strategic tool to target all units and individual subjects for the organization, mobilize the initiative of employees and ensure productive interaction of subjects in the format “business-to-employee” rather than substantially predetermine the competitiveness and success of the organization in the long run.

자동링크복구 기능에 따른 네트워크 비용분석

통신, 교통, 전력 및 물 공급 시스템과 같은 사회 인프라 시스템은 이제 구성 요소 장애, 보안 공격과 자연 재해 등을 포함하여 다양한 종류의 위협에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 바람직하지 못한 사건이 발생할 때마다, 사회 기반의 기능정지시간이 사회에 치명적인 결과를초래하기 때문에 가능한 한 빨리 시스템을 복구하는 것이 중요하다. 특히 네트워크상에서의 장애가 발생했을 때, 링크 장애를 자동적으로 복구해야 그 피해를 최소화 할 수 있다. 또한 네트워크 장애시 고객이 인식하기 전에 서비스가 복구 될 수 있게 하면 그 효과는 더 클 것이다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크에서의 자동복구성과 비용사이의 관계를 분석한다. The Social infrastructure systems such as communication, transportation, power and water supply systems are now facing various types of threats including component failures, security attacks and natural disasters, etc. Whenever such undesirable events occur, it is crucial to recover the system as quickly as possible because the downtime of social infrastructure causes catastrophic consequences in the society. Especially when there is a network link-failure, we need an automatic link-recovery method. This means that customers are aware of network failures that can be recovered before you say that service. In this paper, we analysis the relation between Auto-recovery performance and cost.

The Creation of New Social Infrastructure System to Spread the Next-generation Vehicles - An example of Yakushima Island's "Zero Emissions" Initiative

The Creation of New Social Infrastructure System to Spread the Next-generation Vehicles - An example of Yakushima Island's "Zero Emissions" Initiative

2A1-H13 ICカードを用いた入退室管理システムの研究開発(ホーム&オフィスロボット)

Accompanied by the spread of the IC card is required to secure the IC card system. The virtual social Information infrastructure system is constructed to conduct the proof experiment of Sectoral Model in KCT. As one of the social information systems, the development of the electronic lock system with the IC card was performed. The student identification card is utilized in this information management system. This system is composed of card reader, control unit and arithmetic processing unit.