Social Ideas Research Articles

Luther’s Reformation and His Political and Social Ideas for Korean Church and Society

Luther’s beliefs provide three avenues of change for the Korean church and Korean society at large. First, Luther’s argument about two different kingdoms can help the Korean church set itself free from the deeply rooted political attachment stemming from the ideological conflict with North Korea over the past six decades. Second, Luther’s understanding of the individual’s inner mind as the locus of revelation of the divine truth is expected to enhance an autonomous self-determination that is independent of the collective mindset of the multitude, which leads to the naissance of being truly individual. Lastly, Luther’s ethics of love will hopefully improve the public awareness concerning human rights of criminals and, through his vocation theory, give the vision of a unified organic society that Rises above the possessive individualism that spread widely during Korea’s rapid economic growth.

Образ Родины: обоснование и апробация диагностического инструментария

The topic of patriotic consciousness and patriotic education today claims to the status of a nationwide idea, so the research interest in this issue is unusually high. The study of patriotic consciousness should begin with an analysis of the subject which the patriotic feelings of citizens are directed on. This subject is the motherland and its image in the minds of citizens. The article gives an overview of the data, which is used for the semantic deferential method «Image of Motherland» and the procedure of studying of the image of the Motherland based on this method. The sample was 165 respondents. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the use of this methodology is a tool, which lets us to determine social ideas about the image of the Motherland. It has been proved that the image of the Motherland in consciousness reflects the ideas about the country and the state in which the respondents were born and raised, it is not associated with a so-called “Small homeland”, but with a certain commonality of territory, nature and culture. There is reason to believe that the image of the Motherland in the human mind can be viewed as an image “for oneself” and an image “for others”: in the first case, the Motherland is perceived as big and strong, interesting for life and comfortable, simple and cultural; Motherland “for others” is bold and friendly, strong and kind.

Basic income: economy and psychology

Basic income is a social idea appealing to humanist philosophers and politicians. Numerous experiments on the introduction of the concept of basic income occurred in countries with varying degrees of economic development. Surveys are being conducted around the world on the need to introduce basic income. Dynamics of economic processes and social sentiment in individual countries require generalisation of modern factors influencing the possibility of practical implementation of the concept of basic income. This paper studies the economic and psychological factors for supporting the idea of basic income in terms of its practical implementation, analyses the interpretation of the UBI idea by various researchers and provides a characteristic of the modern vision of basic income. The arguments for and against the practical implementation of this idea with their structuring in the following directions are formed and considered: influence on the economy, change of social relations and possibility of practical realisation. The authors presentgeneralised results of the experiments on the introduction of basic income from the 1960s to the present day in South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, as well as the results of the poll and referendum on the introduction of basic income in Switzerland in 2016.

Phenomenon of Self-Objectification in Women: Analysis of foreign Studies and a View through the Prism of Russian Psychology

Background. At present, self-objectification of females is a very common phenomenon, reflecting the desire of women to meet the standards accepted in the society and manifested in excessive (even pathological) care of achieving the “ideal” appearance. This phenomenon was under study in various foreign psychological concepts and approaches, and especially in the theory of B. Fredrickson and T.E. Roberts. However, despite similar research in Russian psychology, the phenomenon has not been disclosed within Russian psychological methodology. In this regard, it is very important to analyze foreign publications for the subsequent development of an integrative approach to the study of self-objectification in females in the context of Russian psychology. Looking into this phenomenon from the standpoint of Russian psychological methodology would be useful for developing methods of assessment, intervention, and psychotherapeutic assistance for Russian girls and women experiencing psychological problems due to negative self-objectification. The Objective is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of women’s self-objectification in line with the national cultural-historical and activity methodology. Design. The paper provides a review of the publications on self-objectification in females which is analytical in its nature. In the paper, the basic approaches to the study of the phenomenon of self-objectification in females in foreign psychology are determined, and also the ways to understand the phenomenon in the context of the Russian psychological tradition proposed in the works of L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, S.L. Rubinstein developed by their students and the followers are shown. Results. The phenomenon of self-objectification in females is considered within the context of fundamental issues of psychology — the relationship of ‘outer’ and ‘inner’ contents, and particularly, within the framework of the subject-activity approach of S.L. Rubinstein and the activity theory of A.N. Leontiev. The role of the “social situation of the development” (L.S. Vygotsky) in the development self-objectification in females is shown. The mechanism of interiorization as a female’s adoption of the social ideas and attitudes is described. The process of interiorization is considered through three facets: individualization, intimization, and production of consciousness. The phenomenon of self-objectification was interpreted through the lenses of L.S. Vygotsky ideas about the intertwining of two domains of mental development in ontogenesis, i.e. the biological maturation of a person and the processes of mastering culture, and also within the notions of cultural-historical defectology. Conclusion. The research results contribute to expanding the scientific theoretical views of psychologists working within the national methodology to shape the phenomenon of self-objectification in females, which could facilitate further understanding of this theoretical construct and increase the number of empirical works in the research area. Female self-objectification through the prism of the Russian research methodology will contribute to the methodological status of this issue, enriching the idea of female self-objectification primarily at the philosophical (worldview) level and at the general scientific level of methodology (E.G. Yudin). All these will increase the interpretative capabilities of the concept. The materials of the paper can contribute to developing an integrative approach for understanding female self-objectification. The findings can be sufficient for creating methods of psychodiagnostics and psychotherapy for girls and women experiencing psychological problems due to the negative impact of self-objectification.

The Last Stand of Robert E. Lee

The Last Stand of Robert E. Lee Jamelle Bouie (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution There are many ways in which Charlottesville, Virginia, is still reeling from the Unite the Right rally in 2017 that claimed one life and made the city synonymous with the resurgent white nationalism of the Trump era. A makeshift memorial still marks the spot where Heather Heyer was killed and dozens of others injured. Politicians, activists, and ordinary citizens are still grappling with what the rally revealed about the city's legacy of white supremacy. And the focal point of the protest—the Robert E. Lee statue—still stands. That might change soon. Under Governor Ralph Northam, the new Democratic majority in the Virginia General Assembly may amend the law that forbids cities and localities from removing their Confederate monuments. Charlottesville may finally remove the most visible markers of its racist past. In the meantime, residents have started to use the statue—as well as a similar equestrian sculpture of Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson—as a canvas of sorts. Every few months, someone paints a new message or does a little damage. If the city can't remove the statues, then at least its residents can work to undermine their message. The most recent attempt was in September, when an unknown artist spray-painted both statues with "1619," a reference to the New York Times Magazine's "1619 Project" on the legacy of American slavery. The meaning is straightforward. These statues and the Lost Cause ideology they represent are direct legacies of slavery. And as long as they're a part of the landscape, that cannot be forgotten. [End Page 172] Jamelle Bouie Jamelle Bouie is an opinion columnist for the New York Times. Copyright © 2020 Foundation for the Study of Independent Social Ideas, Inc. (FSISI)

Kod geopolityczny – koncepcja teoretyczna i metodologiczna

Geopolitical Code – Theoretical and Methodological Concepts The article deals with geopolitical codes in relation to theoretical and methodological assumptions of social and political sciences. Geopolitical codes are considered in broad reference to the cultural and national codes of mythical narratives. The aim of this article is to transform cultural codes into analytical and methodological categories. The article includes an analysis of the concept of geopolitical code, its definition, and its classification as a set of social ideas. The text verifies the basic assumptions of geopolitical code: its structure, functions and possibilities of verification in the existing research methods of social, political and security sciences. The author also draws attention to the role of geopolitical codes in forming the state’s information security policy.

Образ города в структуре социальных представлений о Севере (на примере Архангельска)

Образ города в структуре социальных представлений о Севере (на примере Архангельска)

Dynamic persistence in UK policy making: the evolution of social investment ideas and policy instruments

ABSTRACT Proponents of policy instruments often have to justify them to shifting political masters. This article explores the evolution of social investment, both as a policy solution and a set of policy instruments, during a period characterized by political turbulence. Discourse analysis of texts produced by an instrument constituency shows how a constant set of policy instruments are framed as a changing solution to different political problems. This helps us develop the concept of dynamic persistence, which elaborates how the instrument constituency was able to maintain support for their policy instruments by realigning them to different ideological principles.

В.В. Розанов среди партий и политиков

The article reveals the social significance of determining the political views of V.V. Rozanov in the system of the thinker’s worldview. The correlation of these views with his political journalism is shown. The genesis of social and political ideas of V.V. Rozanov is revealed. The author specifies his ideological predecessors in the sphere of public thought of the late 19th century and the thinker’s affiliation with the conservative political camp of Russian writers. The author of the article also gives coverage of the V.V. Rozanov’s polemical publications in the press. He outlines the circle of political sympathies and determinative constants in the political views of Rozanov-publicist and proves his commitment to the centrist political parties. The author examines the process of Rozanov’s socio-political views evolution at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, and the related changes in his political journalism. The evaluations are based on the large layer of Rozanov’s newspaper publicism in the years of 1905–1917. To determine the Rozanov’s position in the “New time” journal editorial office and to reveal the motives of his political essays the author of the article used epistola

Інноваційні технології в соціальній роботі з неповнолітніми засудженими у постпенітенціарний період

The actuality of the article is based on the necessity to pay attention of the society to the re-socialization period of the minors who had problems with the law and spent time in prison. Aiming that theoretical and practical aspects of innovative social work technologies with such clients are described in the article. Main principles of social consultancy principles are theoretically described as well as their stages and targets of each stage, tasks and control methods The article delineates social consultancy functions during re-socialization of minors – transferring of social rules, values and representations of optimal behavioral patterns and ways of activities, formation of social adequate idea of clients` needs and ways tosatisfy them without breaking the law. During this process special place is taken by forming of minor`s self-control while realizing of new ways and values in common life. You can also find practical materials which are important while realization of social consultancy as a type of social help for minors who come back from prison. Ways of usage of such methods as coaching, facilitation as part of specialist activity and "Fishbone" technology are grounded.

LINEAR CITY: INDEPENDENT AMERICAN PROJECTS

Two projects of the Linear City, which appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, in the United States, regardless of the project implemented earlier in Spain by Arturo Soria, are described. The technical and town-planning features of the Roadtown project by Edgar Chembless and the social ideas underlying it are given. The reasons for the failure of this project, as well as similar projects that appeared later, are analyzed. The history of the project of Milo Hastings and his idea of a linear concentration of dwellings in the city are given. Although this project was also not implemented, the reasons why its town-planning ideas found application in the post-war construction of the American suburb and social ideas in the New Deal of President Franklin Roosevelt are shown.

Social Marketing Techniques in Community Radio Practices

The first Community Radio Station was set up in India in the year 2006, and presently there are over 251 such operational radios in the country. The paper sets out to locate Community Radio in Indian context, and its practices based on the conceptual definition and framework of social marketing as proposed by Philip Kotler, Alan Andreasen and others. Historically Community Radio has evolved as an alternative to the mainstream media which failed to focus and give due attention to issues and concerns of rural people in general and marginalised sections of the society. The paper maps the practice of Namma Dhwani Community radio which has been broadcasting for over a decade in the state of Karnataka to the Social Marketing techniques, in promoting social ideas to bring out a change in the attitudes and behaviour. The specific objectives of the paper are to explore how Namma Dhwani draws from the theory of Social Marketing, in its implementation of commercial marketing techniques and to understand the role of Community Radio in empowering the community and bringing about a change in behaviour. A case study method approach has been adopted and the paper is conceptual and descriptive in nature.

Where Russia is going. View from China. Review article: Guo, Lishuang (2017) Dandai eluosi shehui sichao yanjiu [Study of social ideas in modern Russia], Renmin chubanshe, Beijing, 300 p.

Where Russia is going. View from China. Review article: Guo, Lishuang (2017) Dandai eluosi shehui sichao yanjiu [Study of social ideas in modern Russia], Renmin chubanshe, Beijing, 300 p.

Darwinian Pilgrim's Late Progress

This is the final part of an autobiographical series which retraces the most significant events, collaborations, and research results of Michael Ruse’s 55-year-long career in the history and philosophy of science. In this installment, Ruse’s increasing engagement with historiography leads him to rethink and tackle the role of values in science. The intertwined topics summarized here are considered as they developed between the 1990s and the 2010s: the mediation between empiricism and social constructivism; the historical study of the idea of qualitative, biological “progress” in evolutionary biology as drawn from coeval social ideas; the paradox according to which “progress” is formally eschewed and yet implicitly present in modern evolutionary biology; the development of evolutionary biology from pseudoscience tied to social progress to popular science to full-fledged professional science; Darwinism as hopeful, progressive “religion” contrasted with progress-less Darwinian theory; meaning in a Darwinian world, and the development of a Darwinian existentialism.

Mountains, rivers and ancestors: the Paiwan landscape and social memory

ABSTRACTLandscape is often thought of as the materialization of memory, fixing social and individual histories in space. It is a meaningfully constituted physical and social environment whereby meaning is ascribed through people’s engagement and experience. As people creates, modifies, and moves through a spatial environment, the mediation between spatial experience andperception spontaneously creates, legitimizes, and reinforces social relationships and ideas. The embodiment of social memories in landscapes is crucial to how people perceive and understand the world around them through daily experience and dwelling. This research uses two Paiwan tribes, Laiyi and Kaushi, and their abandoned settlement sites to explore the Paiwan landscape and investigate how perception and experience facilitates the creation and maintenance of social memory. With the help of geographical information systems (GIS), this research demonstrates how perception influences the experience and the shaping of Paiwanlandscapes. The results suggest that, although the two tribes use the landscape differently, they both maintain the same coherent and core Paiwan concept, that of ‘Returning’. Furthermore, social memory of Paiwan is transmitted and passed on both at the settlement and at the household scale whereby the core concept of ‘returning to the ancestors’ are manifested differently in local regions.

Технологические общества как основания для социально-политических изменений в философском дискурсе

Modern approaches to the development of information and communication technologies, the General level of their use can lead to the emergence of innovative tools of civil influence — digital activity associated with the level of civic readiness of the network environment and properly selected digital tools: used social services, promotion technologies and national ideas in the practice of its implementation of modern society.. A significant indicator of the overall readiness of the network environment for significant changes in the conditions of globalization and the increasing role of national identity is the presence of network structures of developers and the degree of their involvement in the network of increased civic activity, which can contribute to the system of significant socio-political changes.

Transformations of body image associated with impaired perception

The article presents a theoretical generalization and empirical study of the reasons of occurrence are revealed in the article and the diagnostic markers of disturbances of perception of physical I in early adolescence are described, the expediency of organization of psychological and pedagogical influence on correction of body image as a factor of optimization of self-image of girls of 15-18 years to the image of physical self is emphasized; described a program of social and psychological training aimed at changing the attitude of girls to their health by updating the subjective importance of the functional component of the image of the physical self; an experimental and diagnostic study of indicators of the effectiveness of the program of psychological development and correction of body image in young adolescents is shown.
 The image of the physical I am tightly connected with self-esteem, as the cognitive component is not perceived by the person indifferent, but awakens in her the assessments and emotions, the intensity of which depends on the context and the cognitive content itself. Global self-expression, which symbolizes the individual's feelings for or against, has a macrostructure that contains four emotional components and two subsystems: the self-esteem system and the emotional-value system. Self-esteem develops on the basis of leading activity, hierarchy of values, basic motives, social ideas, stereotypes, standards, norms of behavior in relation to which a person conceives his / her self and creates personal meanings.
 The structure of self-esteem can be expressed as follows: First, there is some generalized self-esteem (self-esteem, self-esteem), which is a holistic, one-dimensional and universal formation, which expresses the degree of positive attitude of the individual to his own imagination of the image of "I"; second, this generalized self-integration is in some way integrated with partial self-esteem according to their subjective significance.

Memory, Heredity and Machines: From Darwinism to Lamarckism in Samuel Butler’s Erewhon

Abstract In 1872 Butler published Erewhon, a novel set in a utopian land inspired by the New Zealand countryside. Erewhon parodied some of the main social issues of the Victorian era including political, economic, scientific and social ideas, offering its readers a critical overview not only of Britain and its inhabitants, but also of the cultural revolution triggered by Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Leaving aside the utopian and satirical dimensions of the novel, this article focuses on the meaning of evolutionary science in Erewhon through a discussion of the three chapters called ‘The Book of the Machines’. I suggest that the hypothesis of evolution advanced in ‘The Book of the Machines’ can only be fully understood in relation to Butler’s scientific writings more generally. In ‘The Book of the Machines’, I will argue, Butler pioneered the idea of memory as heredity.

Interests, ideas, and the study of state behaviour in neoclassical realism

AbstractIdeational variables have frequently been employed in positivist-minded and materialist analyses of state behaviour. Almost inevitably, because of these commitments, such studies run into theoretical challenges relating to the use of ideas. In this article, I suggest that integrating ideational factors in positivist and materialist approaches to state behaviour requires: (1) distinguishing conceptually between interests and ideation as well as between individual beliefs and social ideas; and (2) addressing challenges of operationalisation and measurability. To that end, I employ neoclassical realism as a case study. I argue that a re-conceptualisation of ideas asexternalisedindividual beliefs employed in political deliberation allows neoclassical realists to focus on how ideas and ideational competition intervene in the transmission belt from materially given interests to foreign policy choice. At the same time, it more clearly operationalises ideas as identifiable in language and communication. I suggest this reconceptualisation, while consistent with realist paradigmatic assumptions, need not be limited to neoclassical realism. Instead, transposed to different paradigms, it would similarly allow positivist-minded constructivists and institutionalists to avoid a conceptually and methodologically awkward equation of different ideational factors.

Programu Projektor- wolontariat studencki przestrzenią do realizacji autorskich projektów edukacyjnych

Teza. Wolontariat to bezpłatna, bezinteresowna i świadoma praca na rzecz innych. Obecnie istnieją jego różne formy i rodzaje, a każda osoba dobrowolnie może zaangażować się w określone działania.
 Omówione koncepcje. Jedną z form wolontariatu, w którą mogą włączyć się młodzi dorośli jest Program Projektor- wolontariat studencki. Jego celem jest dotarcie do dzieci i młodzieży z małych miast i wsi z aktywnością oraz wiedzą studentów. Oferta adresowana jest do placówek oświatowych, takich jak szkoły podstawowe, gimnazja, szkoły średnie, a także świetlice, ośrodki kultury, OSP oraz stowarzyszenia. Studenci mogą realizować autorskie scenariusze w ramach projektów startowych, specjalistycznych, systematycznych, feryjnych, wakacyjnych oraz akcji specjalnych. Ich tematyka zależy od wiedzy, umiejętności i zainteresowań wolontariuszy. Mogą to być zajęcia artystyczne, psychologiczno- pedagogiczne, humanistyczne, matematyczne, przyrodnicze, historyczne, sportowe, turystyczne itp.
 Wyniki i wnioski. Realizując projekty edukacyjne w miejscowościach do 20 tysięcy mieszkańców, wolontariusze wzbogacają ofertę szkół, ale i rozwijają własne zdolności pedagogiczne, organizacyjne i zarządcze. Dodatkowo przekazuje się pozytywne wzorce, zachęca się do własnego rozwoju, kształtuje się postawy społeczne, rozwija pasje i umożliwia realizację pomysłów.
 Oryginalność/wartość poznawcza podejścia. Studenci dzięki zaangażowaniu się w Program Projektor- wolontariat studencki zyskują doświadczenie pedagogiczne, umiejętności zarządzania projektem, czasem, zespołem, a także możliwość rozwoju w programie, poprzez różne kursy i szkolenia.