Creation Of Social Enterprises Research Articles

PARTICIPATORY MODEL OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AS A DETERMINANT OF VETERANS' AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS' REINTEGRATION: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The purpose of the paper is to state the theoretical framework for the formation of a participatory model of social entrepreneurship development as a tool for the reintegration of military personnel, veterans and their family members, based on the identified views of veterans and their family members regarding the role of certain institutions of society in the development processes of social entrepreneurship. Methodology. The research is based on the results of a survey with blocks of questions aimed at studying certain aspects of the participatory approach to the development of social entrepreneurship: the state, hromada, business, education, as well as the specifics of involving veterans and their families in these processes. The study sample included people with the status of combatants, war veterans, and their family members who were participants in the Ukraine-Norway project "Retraining and social adaptation of military personnel and their family members in Ukraine", which was implemented at the Chernihiv Polytechnic National University in 2016-2022. The results of the survey showed that the expectations of veterans and their family members from the state regarding the development of social entrepreneurship are: the establishment of "clear rules of the game" – not only the development and implementation of relevant legislation, but also the formation of transparent and detailed procedures for starting a social enterprise and its development; the development and implementation of programmes for the social reintegration of veterans into civilian life through support for the creation of social enterprises (financial support, preferential taxation). In terms of the role of business in supporting the return of veterans to civilian life through the opening of social enterprises, respondents see it mainly as providing financial support to those social enterprises set up by veterans and their family members. The hromada, as the embodiment of the public sector, appears in the perceptions of veterans and their family members as a centre for social support, for finding ways to protect their rights, and for finding resources to meet their needs (including employment or starting their own business). The opinion of the interviewed veterans and their family members regarding the involvement of education in supporting the development of social entrepreneurship can be summarised as follows: the involvement of experts in the development of effective strategies for the development of both social entrepreneurship in the interest of veterans and education from it; the development of short-term social entrepreneurship training programmes (non-formal education courses) involving business, hromada and government representatives. Practical implications. The revealed results could be used for further scientific and practical research: development of directions of the programme of social and psychological support for reintegration of military personnel, veterans of ATO/UFO and their family members with their active involvement in social entrepreneurship. Value / Originality. The developed theoretical framework for the formation of a participatory model for the development of social entrepreneurship as a tool for the reintegration of military personnel, veterans and their family members, based on the identified views of veterans and their family members regarding the role of certain institutions of society in the development processes of social entrepreneurship, points to further methodological and applied research: the development of a set of recommendations for the practical implementation of the proposed model at different taxonomic levels.

CEO gender and social versus economic value creation of social enterprises: an attention-based view

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of CEO gender on social enterprise (SE) value creation and the moderating effect of selective attention on SEs’ dual goals (i.e. relative attention to social versus economic goals).Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed 596 active Taiwanese SEs to rate independent and moderating variables and received 191 responses (109 female and 82 male CEOs). The authors used external SE experts to evaluate each SE’s economic and social value creation, lowering the threat of common method bias and enhancing data quality.FindingsSocial value creation is higher with female chief executive officer (CEOs) (than with male CEOs), whereas economic value creation tends to be lower. But, attentional selection (i.e. changes in attention) to economic goals by female CEOs mitigates the negative relationship between female CEOs and economic value creation.Practical implicationsGender diversity in the top management team is critical for dual-goal attainment. Decision-makers’ attention focus could vary along with the situation to achieve the desired outcomes. Thus, creating an attention structure under a given situation may help guide the decision-making process toward the desired performance for SEs.Originality/valueLittle research brings the attention-based view to investigate the effects of managerial gender roles on the dual-goal performance (i.e. social versus economic value creation) of SEs and test its contingency, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to do so. This study also adopted a unique research design asking outside SE experts to provide the performance data.

A New Understanding of the Role of Self-oriented Motivations in the Creation of Social Enterprises

A New Understanding of the Role of Self-oriented Motivations in the Creation of Social Enterprises

An Investigation of Job Attribute Preferences of Disadvantaged Beneficiaries of Hybrid Organizations

While scholarship in hybrid organizing of social enterprises has gained maturity in recent years, most existing studies have examined hybrid organizing at the internal and organizational level, and lesser is known about the tensions, balance and trade-offs within individual beneficiaries that served by social enterprises. Given the centrality of the employment of marginalized individuals served in the value creation of social enterprises, it is necessary to deepen our theoretical understanding of whether, how, and to what extent disadvantaged beneficiaries of social enterprises make employment decisions. Adopting an individual-level perspective, this study embarked on a quantitative exploration by testing how disadvantaged employees of social enterprises evaluate different job attributes and their attribute levels using the discrete choice experiment method. We found that opportunities to build social relations, employee recognition, potential earnings, career advancement opportunities, and workplace support had positive and significant influences on disabled individuals’ job preference decisions. Among all, the economic dimension had the greatest importance. This paper contributes to social entrepreneurship research by examining job attribute preferences of disadvantaged employees within the theoretical logic of hybridity as it is nested within individuals. We also stimulate a new conversation on an understudied domain of “individual preferences” within the discourse on social entrepreneurship.

Akshayakalpa farms – a case of rural innovation

Learning outcomes 1. Analyze the factors influencing the creation of a social enterprise, while appreciating the theoretical perspectives on social entrepreneurship and social innovations. 2. Analyze the impact of social enterprises on sustainable development. 3. Recognize the need for different types of strategies in the varied situation. 4. Analyze the business model. Case overview/synopsis Shashi Kumar, the CEO of Akshayakalpa Farms & Foods Pvt Ltd (Akshayakalpa), is determined to take the business to the next growth level. He has integrated technology to measure and monitor the quality of milk and to reach out to tech-savvy customers. Owing to the preservative-free and short life of milk, he believes that redesigning the marketing and distribution strategies is the only way to ensure the massive expansion and growth that will enable Akshayakalpa to reach out to customers directly and quickly. Another issue he was facing was a lag in receivables. Their receivables from vendors were delayed and held up because of issues related to product spoilage and returns. This has posed a liquidity challenge to Akshayakalpa. Amidst all these challenges, he wants to develop the best strategy to take the business forward to the next level. Complexity academic level This case can be used in undergraduate or postgraduate courses in Management, Social Entrepreneurship and Business Sustainability with special relevance to social enterprise creation, enterprise growth strategies, sustainable development, sustainable business models, etc. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

The Nature and Peculiarities of the Internal Displacement of the Population of Ukraine in the Russian-Ukrainian War of 2014-2022

The experience of internal displacement of the population in 2014, caused by the Russian occupation of Donbas and the annexation of Crimea, made it possible to shorten the time for the state institute to respond to large-scale internal displacement in 2022. Constructive steps regarding the conceptual, legal and strategic management of internal displacement processes have already been taken and regulated in the period 2014-2021. The article is devoted to the analysis of the situation and problems, substantiation of proposals and recommendations regarding the regulation of the processes of internal displacement of Ukraine in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022. A comparison of internal displacement in 2014 and 2022 was made. A feature of internal displacement in 2022 is its scale and mobility, which is determined by the large number of returned internally displaced persons. Along with the systematic loss of human potential and all kinds of resources, there have been significant changes in the socio-psychological state of citizens, in their consciousness and evaluations of their own life and attitude to the country, the reluctance of immigrants to return to the occupied territories has increased, even if they have their own housing there. After February 24, 2022, all thoughts and motives of immigrants from the east of Ukraine became similar and unidirectional – to preserve and save Ukraine, the intensity and urgency of all cheering for personal losses in the region decreased, and the feeling of pride in being Ukrainian increased. During the period 2014-2022, the state policy of support for IDPs acquired the form and content of real assistance. However, even now it is necessary to intensify and systematize work with international donors regarding the deployment of infrastructure projects; creation of a private-state consortium to help IDPs on the basis of public organizations; creation and maintenance of a unified state register of international and national IDP aid projects; organization of recruitment of IDPs to work in local authorities and local self-government bodies; formation of a bank of social initiatives for the inclusion of IDPs in the life of the community, a bank of cases with technologies for the implementation of social projects, creation of social enterprises; creation of Internet sites for dissemination of information about the possibilities and implemented practices of integration of IDPs into territorial communities.

Examining the impact of control and ownership on social enterprises’ public value creation using integrative publicness theory

ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of publicness on public value creation in social enterprises from the perspective of integrative publicness. Our findings show that internal control is positively associated with all variables of a social enterprise’s public value creation. Ownership is also partially associated with the public value creation of social enterprises, while external control does not show any significant relationship. This study provides policymakers and social enterprise managers with the practical implications of the relationship between social enterprise publicness and its social outcomes. This study also contributes to strengthening the relevance of the integrative publicness framework by demonstrating the impact of dimensional publicness on public value creation in the context of social enterprises.

Prospects for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

The article reveals the essence of social entrepreneurship, describes the main stages of its development in Ukraine. The activity of social enterprises is beneficial for the macroeconomic development of each country, as this activity makes it possible to reduce part of government spending on solving the problems of socially disadvantaged people, their employment and social adaptation. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, social entrepreneurship has found itself in conditions of complete legal uncertainty. The crisis economic situation has created many challenges in the context of the sustainability of social enterprises, forced to reconsider existing business models, and in some cases to cease operations. The process of popularization of social entrepreneurship can be accelerated by conducting an active social and economic policy, considering its formation as an important independent direction of the policy of social and economic reforms. It is the increase in the activity of citizens through the creation of social enterprises, their cooperation with the authorities that will allow Ukraine to begin solving such an extremely important problem as building a welfare state and civil society.

УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ ПІДХОДИ ДО СТВОРЕННЯ ТА УСПІШНОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ КОАЛІЦІЙ ГРОМАДСЬКИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ

Taking into consideration that the precondition for formation and development of civil society is intensification of effective development of public organizations, objectification of the need to build their capacity is an indisputable pragmatics of today. In this context, coalitions of public organizations are gaining importance as a specific form of their organizational and functional activities to strengthen the social impact of joint activities and projects. The objective of the article is to substantiate the need to create coalitions of public organizations at the present stage of the society’s development, identify the reasons for a slow progress of their formation, to develop practical recommendations for intensifying their creation and further ensuring social efficiency of their functioning through the use of management approaches and tools. Many functional activities can be a powerful catalyst for creating additional added value in both social and economic dimensions. The latter thesis is explained by the fact that public organizations often become an organizational and legal basis for creation of social enterprises, which, among the solution of pressing social problems, successfully carry out business activities. The potential possibility for uniting civil society organizations to solve common or relevant socially important challenges could potentially trigger processes aimed at achieving synergies or scaling of the effect. The activities of public organizations are characterized by a social stereotype, according to which the prerequisite for their successful functioning is a charismatic leader, but the experience of successful associations shows that such a precondition is adherence to the principles of turquoise organizations management style. Taking into account the above reasons for a slow progress of coalition associations, the preconditions for intensification of their creation and functioning should be partnership, mutual agreement on the goals and objectives of the coalition, transparent and clear management structure and ideological independence from public sector institutions.

Digitalisation, social entrepreneurship and national well-being

This study examines the influence of digitalisation and social entrepreneurship on national well-being. Taking a configurational approach, the results show that digitalisation can benefit national well-being if the country has an adequate educational system, good governance, and a philanthropy-oriented financial system. Digitalisation can leverage these conditions in promoting national well-being. The study also contributes to entrepreneurship literature as it clarifies the role of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship impacts national well-being when institutions are weak, but it is indifferent in developed economies, which gives support to the institutional void perspective. This finding contributes to the ongoing debate on the role of the institutions on the creation of social enterprises and advances knowledge on the social impact of social entrepreneurship. Additionally, the results show that a combination of conditions is required to achieve high levels of national well-being.

Making Sense of an Interconnected World: How Innovation Champions Drive Social Innovation in the Not‐for‐Profit Context

Social innovation is critical for supporting the economic and social fabric of communities globally. Yet little is known about the processes through which social innovation occurs and how context shapes them. To date, scholarship has focused primarily on social entrepreneurs and social enterprise creation, while the role of established not‐for‐profits (NFPs) as agents of social innovation has received surprisingly little attention given their importance to communities. It is expected that innovation will be increasingly important for NFPs as shifts in their funding models create greater complexity in maintaining sustainability and continuity in social service delivery. This research generates a deeper understanding of the processes of social innovation within NFPs by examining how multiple levels of context influence the behaviors of a key set of agents: innovation champions. Adopting an interactionist lens, the study explores how shifts in funding policy at the macro level, and the role of leaders (CEOs and Boards) and organizational institutional logics at the meso level, influence champion behavior at the micro level. To do this, we draw on sensemaking as an important cognitive and action‐enabling mechanism. A qualitative, multicase study design with 46 interviews across six case organizations allows an in‐depth exploration of this under‐investigated area. The findings indicate that bricolage activity can facilitate championing that supports social innovation within NFPs and that organizational context guides the direction and content of champion behavior. The findings further uncover a broader range of behaviors and outcomes than have been previously attributed to champions, while highlighting the critical role that bricolage‐enabled championing can play in driving social innovation that is both directly impactful and offers significant longer‐term social impact. The important roles that sensebreaking, sensegiving, and sensemaking play in connecting champions’ interpretations of their contexts to their behaviors are also outlined.

Social characters as predictors of sociopreneurs' motivation

Social entrepreneurship is considered as a solution in reducing unemployment and poverty. Social entrepreneurs in this study are called as sociopreneurs. This study aims to identify the social characters as predictors of sociopreneurs' motivation in Bandung, Indonesia. In addition, this study also explores more deeply how sociopreneurs prioritise social values, and the impact of becoming sociopreneurs. This study attempts to overcome gaps in understanding social entrepreneurship broadly by taking the perspective of social-oriented, using qualitative methods and a case study approach. Empirical data is collected by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews with sociopreneurs in Bandung as respondents in this study. This study identifies several social entrepreneurship values which include social values, civil society, innovation, economic activities, and social impacts (outcomes). In addition, personal values influence the creation of social enterprises through the values of personal experience, the desire to make changes and the willingness to do something meaningful in one's life.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CLASSICAL ENTREPRISE WITH SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ANALYSIS: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of "social entrepreneurship" and "social business" amid rapid development and integration of classical entrepreneurship, its basic principles and business models. The authors identify the role of social issues and society as a motivating factor for the creation of social enterprises. Theoretical interpretation of the concepts of "traditional enterprise with social responsibility", "social entrepreneurship", "social business" has been given. The importance of business social responsibility and cooperation with social enterprises has been outlined. Based on the comparative analysis, the main differences and common features of a classic enterprise with social responsibility and social entrepreneurship have been identified. This allowed to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each form of management. The world trend of social entrepreneurship development and the importance of introducing social responsibility for businesses have been determined. Five opportunities for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine have been studied. It has been proved that the lack of social entrepreneurship regulatory framework is an obstacle to the development of social entrepreneurship and its consolidation as an innovative form of management. Analysis of the best country for the development of social entrepreneurship has been provided and the leading countries in the development of the form of management with social guidelines have been identified. It has been proved that the main objective of social entrepreneurship is to solve the problems of society, which is a priority in the activity, and to obtain certain benefits.

An Empirical Investigation on the Psychological Antecedents of Social Entrepreneurship

Abstract Despite the growing phenomenon of social entrepreneurship, the existing literature has limited quantitative findings on its determinants. This study examines the psychological origins of social entrepreneurial behavior based on the motivated information processing theory. Our structural equation modeling analysis of 179 nascent social entrepreneurs in South Korea indicates the indirect effects of prosocial motivation on social enterprise creation behavior through perceived meaningfulness and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Our findings empirically identify the cognitive mechanisms between prosocial motivation and social entrepreneurial behavior. Also, the results of this research complement the existing scholarly conversations that compare the motives of social entrepreneurs with those of commercial entrepreneurs.

Organizational form and pro-social fantasy in social enterprise creation

Why do social entrepreneurs retain their faith in social entrepreneurship despite the organizational tensions and anxieties inherent to this field of practice? In this article, we employ the psychoanalytic concept of fantasy to advance knowledge on social enterprise creation. The research analyses qualitative data relating to the adoption of the Community Interest Company, a bespoke organizational form for social enterprise. We argue that social entrepreneurs adopt a specific organizational form because it represents a fantasmatic object that supports their desire for pro-social work. This fantasmatic form appears to temporarily neutralize tensions and anxieties while preserving attachments to pro-social ideals. Our first contribution is to extant research on the role of fantasy in social enterprise. Specifically, we elucidate how social enterprise creation is riven with fantasy-laden attachments to ideals of pro-social work that promise to counteract concerns about future viability as well as competing social and for-profit missions. Our second contribution is to highlight the role that organizational form choice plays in effectively managing such tensions and anxieties as it provides a robust anchor for pro-social desires. Fantasmatic attachments to pro-social work and organizational form thus emerge as integral to social enterprise creation.

Assessing the Non-financial Outcomes of Social Enterprises in Luxembourg

By addressing social issues, rather than maximizing profits, social enterprises are said to contribute to the well-being of societies. In this paper, we test whether social enterprises fulfil this expectation. The paper applies regression analysis to a unique dataset obtained by merging survey data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor with official statistics on social enterprises in Luxembourg. Results suggest that social enterprises contribute to subjective well-being, which is an encompassing measure of people’s satisfaction with their own life. We find that when the share of social enterprises in a city increases, the ill-being of poor and unemployed people declines. Therefore, policy makers who seek to increase the well-being of economically disadvantaged people could adopt policies to promote the creation of social enterprises.

Social Entrepreneur: Same or Different from the Rest?

A social business responds to social problems usually ignored by institutions, mobilizing resources and generating employment. To gain more knowledge about this type of enterprise, the key factors that may influence social entrepreneurship are studied and compared with nonsocial entrepreneurship. This enables advances in the scientific literature and the design of more effective policies that encourage the creation of social enterprises. To achieve this goal, after delimiting the area of study, a sample of 25,631 entrepreneurs in 59 countries was used; 9792 of these are social entrepreneurs collected by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor project in 2015 when a special issue focused on this topic. The results show that the majority of the factors that determine the decision to undertake nonsocial entrepreneurship also condition the individual to undertake social entrepreneurship, although the nature of their relationship or the intensity of the influence changes.

Empowering communities? Exploring roles in facilitated social enterprise

PurposeStates and development bodies are increasingly stimulating social enterprise activity in communities as an empowering social and economic development intervention. This type of development initiative is often facilitated by actors who are external to communities, and the role of community members is not clear. This paper aims to explore whether facilitated social enterprise benefits or disempowers communities.Design/methodology/approachThe focus is a case study of a project based in Scotland designed to stimulate the creation of social enterprises involved in community growing. The case study approach involved a mix of methods, including formal (semi-structured) interviews, participant observation and analysis of documentary evidence. Analysis of findings was undertaken using Muñoz and Steinerowski’s (2012) theory of social entrepreneurial behaviour.FindingsFindings suggest that social enterprise that originates outside communities and is facilitated by external actors is potentially disempowering, particularly when social enterprise development does not necessarily align with community needs. The paper reiterates findings in previous studies that certain roles in facilitated social enterprise require to be community-led. Projects that do attempt to facilitate social enterprise would benefit from community participation at the project planning stage.Originality/valueIf facilitated social enterprise is increasingly promoted as an empowering development intervention, this paper provides insight about how facilitated social enterprise occurs in practice and gives preliminary information about possible barriers to empowerment using this approach to development.

Social Enterprises like the Right Step for Economic Development for Kosovo

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Rola środków publicznych w finansowaniu aktywności zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce

The disabled need to have their place in the society. One of the ways of their professional activation is creating work places for them. Employment of the disabled is possible mainly thanks to the creation of social enterprises. Their activity offers different kinds of public support. This ways of support constantly changes in our country. The paper aims to assess the changes of public expenditure devoted to the professional activation of disabled people in Poland and their consequences. The scope of research concerns four years (2013-2016).