Social Economic Index Research Articles

QOL-43. COMPARISON OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH MEASURES ON IQ AND ACADEMIC OUTCOMES IN PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS

Abstract BACKGROUND Treatment for pediatric brain tumors impacts IQ and academic achievement; fewer studies have examined the role of social determinants of health (SDoH). To date, studies have primarily focused on family-based SDoH such as insurance type or parental education as predictors of cognition. Limited studies have examined community factors, though our work highlighted the role of education quality on IQ and academics in pediatric brain tumors. To our knowledge, no study has examined the predictive value of family and community-based SDoH. METHODS Participants included 151 pediatric brain tumor patients (M age at diagnosis=8.82) seen for a clinical neuropsychological evaluation (M age at evaluation=13.71). IQ was obtained from age-appropriate intelligence measures (WISC>6 years, DAS-II<6 years); untimed reading and math calculation were examined via WIAT/KTEA/WJ subtests. Family-based SDoH included insurance type (public, private) and maternal education (<high school degree, some college, >college degree). Community-based SDoH included the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Education, Health-Environment, and Social-Economic indices from the Childhood Opportunity Index (COI). Multiple regressions examined variance in IQ, reading, and math accounted for by each of the SDoH measures, after controlling for treatment exposures using the Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS). RESULTS Insurance [β=-.302, t(151)=-4.00; p<001] and Education [β=.235, t(151)=3.14; p=.002] accounted for 14.9% and 19.7% of the IQ variance, respectively. Education also accounted for 12.8% of the reading variance (β=.304, t(109)=3.40; p<.001). Both the Education [β=.570, t(107)=3.41; p<.001] and Social-Economic [β=-.381, t(107)=-2.28; p=.03] indices accounted for 7.7% and 11.3% of the math calculation variance, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Community, particularly those related to education and social & economic resources, and family factors (e.g., insurance status) were associated with IQ and academic performance. Findings indicate the importance of investigating both family and community factors that may contribute to outcomes in pediatric brain tumors.

PENERAPAN MULTI-CLUSTERING DALAM PENGELOMPOKAN KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT BERDASARKAN INDEKS DESA MEMBANGUN

Cluster analysis is a statistical learning technique that aims to uncover hidden patterns in data by grouping it based on known explanatory variables. In multi-clustering algorithms, similar data in different sub-dimensions of categories are initially grouped separately and then re-categorized based on the obtained clusters, resulting in a more exploratory grouping. This research aims to conduct exploratory analysis of regencies/cities in West Java based on the Village Development Index (Indeks Desa Membangun/IDM), which consists of three sub-dimensions: Social Resilience Index, Economic Index, and Environmental Index. It also aims to observe how the regencies/cities in West Java are grouped based on these indices using a multi-clustering algorithm with KMeans for each sub-dimension. From the exploration and analysis results, regencies/cities are clustered based on the three sub-dimensions. Additionally, recommendations are obtained suggesting that the equal distribution of educational facilities, addressing crime rates, improving economic infrastructure, and enhancing environmental quality should be priorities for the government of West Java province

Analysis of the Socio-Economic vulnerability of coastal area of Leupung District, Aceh Besar

The purpose of this study is to assess the status of socio-economic vulnerability in the coastal area of Leupung sub-district, Aceh Besar district. The assessment was carried out by applying six indicators of vulnerability, namely income per capital, asset ownership, green belt area, population density, education level, and local wisdom using the SEVI (Social Economic Vulnerability Index) method. These indicators were then analyzed and described in the form of vulnerability maps using GIS applications to get a clear picture of the socio-economic conditions of communities in the form of thematic maps. The results of the study indicate that the green belt in several villages in the Leupung area has a high vulnerability status, then asset ownership, population density, and income per capita are included in the vulnerable category. Meanwhile, the local wisdom and education level of the community is generally in low to moderate vulnerability status. The results also indicate that the status of vulnerability in the sub-district of Leupung tends to lead to high vulnerability if coastal management does not anticipate these possibilities.

Unclean Energy Source Dependence and Sustainability in Nigeria: Consumption Dynamics and Impact of Contextual Factors

Fuelwood is the primary energy source for throughout the developing world. This, indiscriminate use of fuelwood as energy jeopardizes the environment, and well-being of the people. Despite Nigeria being the energy giant in Africa, most of her people still depend on unclean energy [fuelwood] for cooking, heating, and boiling. This article underlines the dynamics and essential impacts of social cum economic and demographic indexes on household unclean energy dependence. We interviewed 994 household fuelwood consumers, using a two-stage stratified random sampling technique. We used the delineated Enumeration Areas for Katsina State, Nigeria for socioeconomic data. The test re-test reliability method (trustworthiness assessment of the questionnaire) and Cronbach Alpha test (internal constancy) resulted in a value of 0.70 and 0.875 respectively. Using descriptive statistics and logit regression, findings indicate a high level of fuelwood energy dependence among households. Findings show that education level, employment status, and household structure have an opposite and highly statistically substantial relationship with the likelihood of household dependence on fuelwood, while age and household size move in the same trajectory and highly statistically substantial association with the likelihood of family dependence on fuelwood. Thus, the most difficult challenge facing Nigeria as per household dependence on unclean energy (fuelwood) is that the use of fuelwood increase economic, environmental, and health dangers. dangers and It has therefore become imperative for a paradigm shift in policies to change the current narrative toward clean energy.

Predict Health Care Accessibility for Texas Medicaid Gap.

Medicaid is a unique approach in ensuring the below poverty population obtains free insurance coverage under federal and state provisions in the United States. Twelve states without expanded Medicaid caused two million people who were under the poverty line into health insecurity. Principal Component-based logistical regression (PCA-LA) is used to consider health status (HS) as a dependent variable and fourteen social-economic indexes as independent variables. Four composite components incorporated health conditions (i.e., “no regular source of care” (NRC), “last check-up more than a year ago” (LCT)), demographic impacts (i.e., four categorized adults (AS)), education (ED), and marital status (MS). Compared to the unadjusted LA, direct adjusted LA, and PCA-unadjusted LA three methods, the PCA-LA approach exhibited objective and reasonable outcomes in presenting an odd ratio (OR). They included that health condition is positively significant to HS due to beyond one OR, and negatively significant to ED, AS, and MS. This paper provided quantitative evidence for the Medicaid gap in Texas to extend Medicaid, exposed healthcare geographical inequity, offered a sight for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to improve the Medicaid program and make political justice for the Medicaid gap.

The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine upon hospitalization rate of children with pneumonia in different Brazilian administrative regions

BackgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent bacterial causative agent of pneumonia. Due to its significant contribution to the morbidity and mortality profile and the country’s economy, the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in Brazil in 2010. Brazil is divided into five administrative regions which differ in social-economic indices among each other. Estimates of PCV10 impact on hospitalization rates due to pneumonia stratified by distinct Brazilian regions are limited. We assessed this issue. MethodsThis is a population-based ecological investigation. Data about hospitalizations due to pneumonia, asthma or urinary tract infection (UTI) among patients aged under 20 years in the pre-exposure (2003–2009) and in the post-exposure (2011–2017) periods were retrieved from the National Health System – Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS) database. The total resident population by age group in each year was retrieved from the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics database. Hospitalization rates were estimated for each Brazilian region and the rates obtained in the pre-exposure and in the post-exposure periods were compared by Prais-Winsten regression. The Human Development Index (HDI) evolved differently in the distinct regions during the study period. ResultsOverall, hospitalization rates due to pneumonia declined by 34.5%. Similar trends were observed for hospitalization rates due to asthma and UTI. The same pattern was observed in each Brazilian region. However, the North region was the only one that presented an exponential incidence decline pattern, which could be explained by PCV10 implementation (declined by 10.8% in the quadratic regression, p < 0.01). Only in the North region, significant decline was observed among patients aged 0–4 years (-12.5%; p = 0.01), 5–9 years (-38.5%; p < 0.01) or 10–14 years (-10.7%; p = 0.03). ConclusionSignificant variation in the downward trend of hospitalization rate was only found in the North region, which evolved from very low HDI in 2003; medium HDI in 2010 to high HDI in 2017.

The Impact Analysis of Land Features to JL1-3B Nighttime Light Data at Parcel Level: Illustrated by the Case of Changchun, China.

Nighttime lights (NTL) create a unique footprint left by human activities, which can reflect the economic index and demographic characteristics of a country or region to some extent. It is of great significance to explore the impact of land features related to social–economic indexes to NTL intensity in urban areas. At present, there are few studies on the impact factors of high-resolution NTL remote sensing data to analyze the influence of NTL intensity variation at a fine scale. In this paper, taking Changchun, China as a case study, we selected the new generation of high spatial resolution (0.92 m) and multispectral bands NTL image JL1-3B data to evaluate the relationship between NTL intensity and related land features such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land use types and point of information (POI) at the parcel level, and combined Luojia 1-01 images for comparative analysis. After screening features by the Gini index, 17 variables were selected to establish the best random forest (RF) regression model for the Luojia 1-01 and JL1-3B data, corresponding to out-of-bag (oob) scores of 0.8304 and 0.9054, respectively. The impact of features on NTL was determined by calculating the features contribution. It was found that JL1-3B data perform better on a finer scale and provide more information. In addition, JL1-3B data are less affected by light overflow effect and saturation, and they could provide more accurate information at smaller parcels. Through the impact analysis of land features on the two kinds of NTL data, it is proven that JL1-3B images can be used to study effectively the relationship between NTL and human activities information. This paper aims to establish a regression model between the radiance of two types of NTL data and land features by RF algorithm, to further excavate the main land features that impact radiance according to the feature contribution, and compare the performance of two types of NTL data in regression. The study is expected to provide a reference to the further application of NTL data such as land feature inversion, artificial surface monitoring and evaluation, geographic information point estimation, information mining, etc., and a more comprehensive cognition of land feature impact to urban social–economic indexes from a unique perspective, which can be used to assist urban planning and related decision-making.

Genomic imprinting analyses identify maternal effects as a cause of phenotypic variability in type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis

Imprinted genes, giving rise to parent-of-origin effects (POEs), have been hypothesised to affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, maternal effects may also play a role. By using a mixed model that is able to simultaneously consider all kinds of POEs, the importance of POEs for the development of T1D and RA was investigated in a variance components analysis. The analysis was based on Swedish population-scale pedigree data. With P = 0.18 (T1D) and P = 0.26 (RA) imprinting variances were not significant. Explaining up to 19.00% (± 2.00%) and 15.00% (± 6.00%) of the phenotypic variance, the maternal environmental variance was significant for T1D (P = 1.60 × 10−24) and for RA (P = 0.02). For the first time, the existence of maternal genetic effects on RA was indicated, contributing up to 16.00% (± 3.00%) of the total variance. Environmental factors such as the social economic index, the number of offspring, birth year as well as their interactions with sex showed large effects.

The social economic indices of regions and population morbidity of myocardium infarction

In Russia, in recent decades, there were regional gapping in terms of social inequality and high level of morbidity and mortality in comparison with European countries. The high morbidity and mortality of population in the Russian Federation from diseases of circulatory system on one hand, and regional differences in terms of social economic status on the other hand, determined the purpose of the study. In order to evaluate relationship between social economic status of regions of the Russian Federation and incidence rate of myocardial infarction, the analysis was applied to standardized data of adult morbidity in classes of acute myocardial infarction and repeated myocardial infarction. Also was evaluated a number of social economic indices that reflect state and conditions of life of population. The statistical analysis was applied using MS Excel and Statistica 6 software. The critical significance level of null statistical hypothesis was established as p=0.05. When analyzing morbidity of adult population of Russia with acute and repeated myocardial infarction, significant regional differences were established. The seven factors were identified that statistically significantly affect morbidity rate of the adult population with myocardial infarction, which made it possible to divide the regions into four clusters, between which differences in morbidity rate of acute myocardial infarction were revealed. The analysis of morbidity of acute and repeated myocardial infarction established significant regional differences such as in 2017 7.7 times for acute myocardium infarction and 61 times for repeated myocardium infarction. The allocation of regional clusters depending on their social economic status allows to supplement regional and federal projects with risk-oriented technologies with purpose of decreasing morbidity of diseases of circulatory system.

KAJIAN PERBANDINGAN INDEKS SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT LINGKAR DAN NON LINGKAR USAHA PERTAMBANGAN NIKEL

Mineral mining business, one of which is given to private business entities, must realize the mandate of the 1945 Constitution and the Minerba Law No. 04 of 2009 concerning the realization of people's prosperity, especially for people around the mining. The prosperity of the people is related to the social and economic welfare of the people. This paper aims to examine the socio-economic comparison of a circle and non-circle communities in the nickel mining business in terms of employment opportunities, income, education and public health. This research was conducted in the Matabura Village (circle mining) and Amandete Village (non-circle mining) PT. ST Nickel Resources in Amonggedo District, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The data analysis method used is quantitative descriptive using two data analysis tools, namely: percentage analysis and social-economic index analysis of the community. The conclusion of this paper is that the social-economic index of the circular community is higher than the non-circular nickel mining community, but the socio-economic index of the community is equally included in the bad category.

The role of actual demographic trends in improving state health policy

The decreasing of demographic security level is a global social economic trend in both developed and developing economies. Hence there is an urgent need in improving state social policy, including health care. The key target of this study is to evaluate the role of modern demographic trends in improving state social economic policy in health care. The study characterizes demography role in developing state health care strategy and to assesses world demographic trends that permitted to formulate potential barriers and obstacles in achieving stable level of demographic security. The distinctive features of modern demographic trends in Russia were identified and used as a background in developing prospective ways of improving state health policy in Russia with specific focusing on identified identified predicaments in national demographic development. The interdisciplinary analysis was applied in the field of theory and practice of health demography as a new scientific area as well as systemic and economic analysis. The most important result of the study was the established need in assessing relationship between current national demographic situation and economic efficiency and social economic consequences for whole society that actualized retrieval and elaboration of relevant social economic indices of life quality within the framework of health demography.

Frailty and hospital outcomes within a low socioeconomic population.

Clinical frailty scales (CFS) predict hospital-related outcomes. Frailty is more common in areas of higher socioeconomic disadvantage, but no studies exclusively report on the impact of CFS on hospital-related outcomes in areas of known socioeconomic disadvantage. To evaluate the association of the CFS with hospital-related outcomes. Retrospective observational study in a community hospital within a disadvantaged area in Australia (Social Economic Index for Areas = 0.1%). The CFS was used in the emergency department (ED) for people aged ≥ 75 years. Frailty was defined as a score of ≥4. Associations between the CFS and mortality, admission rates, ED presentations and length of stay (LOS) were analysed using regression analyses. Between 11 July 2017 and 31 March 2018, there were 5151 ED presentations involving 3258 patients aged ≥ 75 years. Frail persons were significantly more likely to be older, represent to the ED and have delirium compared with non-frail persons. CFS was independently associated with 28-day mortality, with odds of mortality increasing by 1.5 times per unit increase in CFS (95% CI: 1.3-1.7). Frail persons with CFS 4-6 were more likely to be admitted (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0-1.5), have higher geometric mean LOS (1.43; 95% CI 1.15-1.77 days) and higher rates of ED presentations (IRR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.21) compared with non-frail persons. The CFS predicts community hospital-related outcomes in frail persons within a socioeconomic disadvantage area. Future intervention and allocation of resources could consider focusing on CFS 4-6 as a priority for frail persons within a community hospital setting.

THE GENDER AGE AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

The methods. The study was implemented within the framework of epidemiological study “The epidemiology of cardio-vascular diseases in the Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF). The analysis was applied to random sampling of male and female population aged from 25 to 64 years (1628 respondents in totality) residents of the Kemerovo region. The type of consumed alcoholic beverages, rate of consumption, average volume of alcohol consumed per one intake were analyzed. The genuine technique was applied to calculate annual volume of consumed alcohol and also to convert volumes of various types of alcoholic beverages in units of “safe” dosage of ethanol. The results. The most preferred alcoholic beverage are vodka (60.6%), beer (51.7%) and vine (52.2%). The males prefer vodka and beer, the females - vine. With increasing of age the consumption of beer decreases linearly from 74.3% in age group 25-34 years to 33.2% in age group 55-64 years. The preference of vodka is typical for individuals aged from 35 to 54 years (about 65%). The volume of consumption of alcohol reaches in average in sample 1.48 ± 2.07 of mean day dosage of ethanol. With age, volumes of consumed alcohol decrease from 2,17 ± 2,04 in younger age group to 0,75 ± 1,36 in elder age group. In females decreasing is linear and in males lenear too from age of 45 years. for females lower total volumes of consumed alcohol are more characteristic in comparison with the males. The alcohol is consumed basically in “rarely/little” (59,3%) and “often/little” (21,1%) degrees. The females predominantly consume alcohol “rarely/little” (77,4%). With age, increasing is noted of percentage of consuming “rarely/little” from 44.2% among individuals of 33-44 years old to 72.5% in age group 55-64 years. Among social economic indices, positive effect on decreasing of consumption of alcohol render higher education, availability of family (males), lacking of work. The conclusion. The established patterns testify significant effect of gender and age on type, volume and rate of alcohol consumption. The social economic factors make much lesser contribution to volumes of consumed alcohol. for a number of social economic factors no effect is established.

The Social Economic Factors and Models of Forecasting Mortality Because of Cardiovascular Diseases

The purpose of the study is modeling and analysis of effect of social economic characteristics of regions on population mortality of cardiovascular diseases. The official data of the Federal service of state statistics of the Russian Federation were used concerning social economic indices and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in the regions of Russia in 2012. The selection of social economic indices included percentage of males in population structure, percentage of individuals of retirement age, percentage of urban population, percentage of individuals with income lower that living wage, percentage of the unemployed individuals, Gini coefficient, percentage of individuals with university education, atmosphere air pollution with emissions of permanent sources, average per capita consumption of vodka and liqueurs, criminality, percentage of regional budget for social cultural expenses, percentage of workers involved in unhealthy labor conditions from total number of population of region. The selection of indices of mortality of cardiovascular diseases included class of diseases of blood circulation system in general, ischemic heart disease and class of cerebrovascular diseases. The mortality was evaluated in overall by population and separately on able-bodied age. The modeling of dependence of mortality from social economic indices was implemented using regression analysis. The calculated ?-coefficients and coefficients of determination were applied to determine approximate input of each predictor into alteration of levels of mortality. The statistically significant mathematical models of dependence of mortality on number of social economic indices were derived. The values explain on 40-75% spreading of regional indices of mortality. The percentage of input of age factor into regional differences of mortality reaches 13-35% in various classes of cardiovascular mortality. Besides, in able-bodied age the average per capita consumption of hard alcoholic beverages (vodka and liqueurs) can be considered as a stable predictor of cardiovascular mortality with corresponding input of 5-7% in the regional differences. The other social economic indices demonstrate a statistically significant relationship only in certain indices of mortality that permits to surmise about only supposed cause-and-effect relationships.

Maqasid-al-Shariah-based socio-economic development index (SCECDI): The case of some selected Islamic economies

The main objective of this study is to develop a socio-economic development index (SCECDI), which is composed of social development index (SCDI) and economic development index (ECDI). For the analysis, we have included 14 Islamic countries which are Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Kuwait, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and U.A.E for the years 2010 and 2015.Pakistan’s spending on education and health is quite low during last five years on average, while value added agriculture is the highest among all Muslim countries. Meanwhile, spending on health and education in Saudi Arabia is quite high, besides having quite high export value added and capital formation. These are required for better economic development. Highest educational profile is observed in Malaysia, while the employment rate is highest in Kuwait among all. We have diversified the summary profile for all countries of the variables included for the analysis in the study. Expected outcome is that those Islamic economies which have better economic conditions, will have more than 0.50 values for SCECDI, while others may have the value in between 0-0.50. We also demonstrate the importance of SCECDI focusing the dynamic characteristics of all Islamic countries included in the study.

Coordinated development of a coupled social economy and resource environment system: a case study in Henan Province, China

At present, social economic development is undergoing severe stress with far-reaching impacts for the resource environment throughout the world. Based on the concept of coordination, the interaction between the social economic and resource environment can be modeled by a coupling coordination degree model. Using this method, we evaluated the social economic index and resource environment index based on an improved catastrophe progression model. Panel data comprising 21 factors were collected from 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010, and 2013 for 18 cities in Henan, China, and used to analyze developmental progress. The coupling coordination degree was also studied using the exploratory spatial data analysis technique and rescaled range analysis, which explained the patterns in spatial variation and its future trends. The results showed are as follows: (1) Social economic development and resource environment status exhibited an increasing trend. Cities were classified into four categories according to their average evaluation ranking in terms of social economic and the resource environment subsystem. (2) The coupling coordination class changed from slight disorder depression to moderate coordinated development, which reflected the optimization of internal subsystems. (3) An approximately inverted U-shaped curve was obtained for the coupling coordination degree in both the east–west and north–south directions. The overall spatial pattern in Henan was “middle high and low in surrounding areas.” (4) In the future, the extent of coordination is expected to increase continuously. Thus, Henan should focus on green development, accelerate the establishment of a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, promote sustainable economic development, and facilitate the sustainable utilization of the resource environment.

Sustainable Livelihood and Socio-economic Status: A Study on the Role of Microfinance in Sonitpur District of Assam

In todays world, it is imperative to earn a sustainable livelihood which can cope-up with unforeseen shock or disaster and can recover from the same to live a life in a better way. In this study, focus has been given on the role played by micro finance in supporting the livelihood generating activities by helping in acquiring the livelihood assets. Further, the changes in the socio economic status of the beneficiaries of micro finance have also been studied. This study has been conducted in two randomly selected development blocks of Sonitpur district in Assam viz. Balipara development block and Rangapara development block. A sampling size of 400units has been taken up for collecting the primary data required for the study, consisting of the members of theSelf-Help Groups (SHGs) as the sampling unit. The collected primary data have been analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)software, have shown positive results regarding acquiring the livelihood assets by the rural folk with the help of micro finance. Moreover, Social Status Index and Economic Status Index has also been computed to study the socio-economic changes among the beneficiaries of micro finance.

Play and theory of mind in early childhood: a Hong Kong perspective

ABSTRACTThe study seeks to understand the relation between preschool children's mode of participation and negotiation strategies during play and their theory of mind (ToM) development in the Hong Kong context. Forty-two 5-year-old children were recruited. Their emotional and cognitive ToMs were assessed along with expressive language ability. Children's play was observed twice in naturalistic and laboratory settings. Parents completed a questionnaire on their child's emotional and cognitive ToM development, including demographic information and social economic status indexes. The results showed that 5-year-old Hong Kong children mostly engaged in associative and cooperative play and employed two-way, reciprocal strategies in their play. Parent report of emotional ToM predicted children's play strategy in both naturalistic and laboratory settings. Child measure of cognitive ToM predicted their play strategy in the laboratory setting. The study advocates more play time in kindergarten in order to foster an empathetic generation.

Empirical Analysis of the Regional Development Levels of Contemporary Agricultural Science and Technology in Fuyang City, China

Contemporary agricultural science and technology is under great scrutiny. Understanding the past and current trends of Agricultural science and technology is crucial. Fuyang city is one of the Chinese traditional big agricultural cities and the largest city in terms of population in Anhui province, China. In the study, an index system for the development and innovation levels of agricultural science and technology was established and the regional innovation of current agricultural science and technology in Fuyang city was empirically evaluated and analyzed by using the index system based on the existing annual data available. The purpose of this study was to make an objective analysis and evaluation of the sub-area innovation levels among urban districts and counties in Fuyang city. All the data was processed and transformed simultaneously based on the same scales of social-economic index and next analyzed based on the methods of factor analysis in view of dimension reduction. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation was carried out and the scores was ranked as followed by Linquan county, Yingshang county, Funan county, Taihe county, Jieshou county, Yingzhou district, Yingquan district and Yingdong district. It is concluded that the innovation level of Fuyang city is unbalanced with two main features. Firstly, on the whole, the city’s innovation is rather active with supports from subordinate districts and counties, but the innovation levels of subordinate counties are better than those of urban districts in view of the quantities and activities of agricultural science and technology innovation. Higher levels of agricultural science and technology innovation are seen in the natural growing zones. Secondly, in consideration of agricultural science and technology innovation, the different indicators of counties and districts in Fuyang city have shown their own advantages and disadvantages, especially on specific negative principal component score which shows that the corresponding defects on specific principal components. That is, the district or county are relatively backward in corresponding index of agricultural science and technology innovation and even some of the principal component factor have become the bottleneck of these districts or counties for innovation and sustainable development.

Polygon competitiveness as an assessment of the social economic development of major cities

Social economic development of the cities is the actual direction at territorial planning today that is supported at the legislative level. In 2014 in the Russian Federation the law on strategic planning which obliges everyone administratively has been adopted – territorial education to develop strategy social economic development with the subsequent assessment of efficiency. The technique of application of a polygon of competitiveness on the basis of expert estimates for comparison and determination of level of a social and economic development of the city in the directions is presented in article: economy, economic activity and production, ecology, social sphere, culture and administrative resources. Uniqueness of an author’s technique consists comparison of qualitative characteristics of a social and economic condition of the territory with the subsequent transformation of data in quantitative, measurable indices that allows to carry out evident comparison not only on a number of indicators, but also to define the competitive directions for further sustainable development. Complexity and multidimensionality of the city explains need of application in his analysis of system approach. The polygon of competitiveness of the city on the basis of expert estimates allows to carry out the complex analysis of the territory on the leading social economic indexes, to reveal states in which they are, to define the competitive directions in a development of the city that will allow to make the strategic development plan correctly. The algorithm of creation of a polygon of competitiveness of the large cities which will allow to automate this process further is also presented in article.