Social Determinants Of Equity Research Articles

Management of chronic kidney disease for Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand: a summary of clinical practice guidelines.

The kaupapa of the Caring for Australians and New Zealanders with Kidney Impairment (CARI) Clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic kidney disease for Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand is to provide whānau-centred and evidence-based recommendations to healthcare systems, healthcare providers and healthcare workers. The guidelines include screening, identification, management and system-level responses to chronic kidney disease (CKD) to deliver best practice care to Māori affected by CKD across community, primary and secondary services. The guidelines are funded by the Ministry of Health - Manatū Hauora and are written by a panel of Māori and non-Māori clinicians and literacy experts across Aotearoa New Zealand from Kaupapa Māori organisations, general practice and nephrology units using standardised methods. The guidelines methodology included consultation with whānau Māori with lived experience of CKD and primary and secondary care practitioners. Additional guideline development would be required to inform management of CKD for non-Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand. The guidelines provide recommendations about equity, governance and accountability, cultural safety, case management, information systems, social determinants of equity and wellbeing and screening. Recommendations to health services for Māori with CKD are based on giving effect to Te Tiriti o Waitangi and best practice care to prevent CKD, delaying its progression, treating kidney failure through timely transplantation, delivering in community and providing high-quality symptom management.

Connections Lab: a case study exploring a web-based innovation designed to advance shared risk and protective factor approaches to preventing injuries and violence

BackgroundInjuries and violence share many of the same risk and protective factors, which are rooted in the social determinants of health (SDOH) and the social determinants of equity. Addressing shared...

Awareness of and Confidence to Address Equity-Related Concepts Across the US Governmental Public Health Workforce.

To assess the governmental public health (GPH) workforce's awareness of and confidence to address health equity , social determinants of health ( SDoH ), and social determinants of equity ( SDoE ) in their work. A nationally representative population of US local and state GPH employees (n = 41 890) were surveyed through the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS 2021). Self-reported awareness and confidence were explored by self-identified racial and ethnic group identity, public health degree attainment, and supervisory status. GPH employees reported higher levels of awareness across concepts ( health equity -71%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.5-71.6; SDoH -62%, 95% CI: 62.3-63.5; SDoE -48%, 95% CI: 47.2-48.4) than confidence ( health equity -48%, 95% CI: 47.8-49.0; SDoH -46%, 95% CI: 45.4-46.7; SDoE -34%, 95% CI: 33.4-34.6). Self-identified Black or African American employees reported higher confidence across all concepts ( health equity -56%, 95% CI: 54.3-57.6; SDoH -52%, 95% CI: 50.8-54.1; SDoE -43%, 95% CI: 41.3-44.6) compared to other self-identified racial groups. Employees with a PH degree reported higher confidence across all concepts ( health equity -65%, 95% CI: 63.8-68.8; SDoH -73%, 95% CI: 71.3-74.1; SDoE -39%, 95% CI: 36.9-40.1) compared with employees without a PH degree ( health equity -45%, 95% CI: 44.8-46.1; SDoH -41%, 95% CI: 40.6-41.9; SDoE -33%, 95% CI: 32.6-33.8). We found an inverse relationship between supervisory status and confidence to address SDoE : Nonsupervisors reported higher confidence (35%, 95% CI: 29.2-31.9) than supervisors (31%, 95% CI: 29.2-31.9), managers (31%, 95% CI: 28.8-32.6), and executives (32%, 95% CI: 27.5-34.4). PH WINS 2021 reveals that GPH employees are aware of equity-related concepts but lack confidence to address them. Public health agencies should build employees' confidence by prioritizing and operationalizing equity internally and externally in collaboration with communities and partners.

Considering the Social Determinants of Equity in International Development Evaluation Guidance Documents

Abstract: Several international development organizations have published equity-focused evaluation guidance documents to promote and meet an increased demand for equity-focused evaluation practice. Evaluating progress toward equity necessitates focusing on changes in the social determinants of equity (i.e., barriers and enabling factors). Thus, the purpose of this study is to describe how and the extent to which international development organizations recommend addressing the social determinants of equity in evaluation practice guidance documents. Implications for evaluation quality, cultural responsiveness, and the decolonization of evaluation are discussed and a summary of practical examples and guidance is presented.

Considering the Social Determinants of Equity in International Development Evaluation Guidance Documents

Considering the Social Determinants of Equity in International Development Evaluation Guidance Documents

Social determinants of equity in access to healthcare for tuberculosis patients in Republic of Macedonia - results from a case-control study.

Health is a complex phenomenon and equity as a basic human right an integral part of constitutions in almost all countries in the world. In Republic of Macedonia (RM), Tuberculosis (TB) is clustered regionally and in certain ethnic groups. The main objective of this study was to analyze Social Determinants of Health (SDH) and equity in access to healthcare services for TB patients in RM, aimed at complex analysis of factors that cause inequities. Case-control study was conducted in the period March-December, 2013; "cases" are households of TB patients registered in the period July, 2012-June, 2013 and controls are households with no TB patients in their immediate vicinity. World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Analysis of SDH of TB patients shows that patients are mostly males, of lower socio-economic status, are less educated, unemployed and TB is clustered in certain ethnic groups. Analysis of access has identified these determinants as important barriers in access to health services. The study has documented the basic SDH of TB patients in RM, as well as barriers in access to healthcare, providing useful baseline information to facilitate determination where to concentrate future efforts.

Editorial – Towards equity as core business for policy makers and practitioners

To achieve health equity means that we must be concerned with creating equal opportunities for health and with bringing health differentials down to the lowest level possible. Jones points to the need to address the social determinants of health and the social determinants of equity. Each requires different actions on the part of the health sector in particular, and on the part of government, civil society and the private sector in general. There are multiple reasons to be concerned about andcommitted to eliminating inequities in health and in the distribution of its determinants. Ultimately, however, 'the true measure of a nation?s standing is how well it attends to its children ? their health and safety, their material security, their education and socialisation, and their sense of being loved, valued, and included in the families and societies in which they are born'. The WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health was a compelling reminder of this and of the consequences if we fail.