Community Social Capital Research Articles

Organizational Social Media Use and Community Social Capital: Disparities by Poverty and Racial Composition

ABSTRACT Organizations play an essential role in solving community problems and social media facilitates their efforts. This paper illustrates an approach to using the social media data of organizations to observe community-level social capital unobtrusively by comparing communities that differ by racial composition and poverty. Data from the IRS, US Census Bureau, and social media platforms revealed that most nonprofit organizations in a mid-sized city in the South have a social media presence, with Facebook substantially more prevalent than Instagram or Twitter. Disparities based on community poverty and race emerged. Exceptions and implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Dampak Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Terhadap Komunitas Ojek Online di Palembang

This research was trying to analyze how the Impact of Large-scale Social Restriction Policies on the Social Capital of Online Taxi Community at the West Musiraya Intersection (SIMBAT) in Palembang City. This research method is interpretative qualitative. The research data was from key informants who chosen by purposive, archives, books, documentation, regulations, social media, and websites. The research data was collected with an in-depth interview, observation, documentation, and analyzed using ATLAS.ti 9 software. The research results showing that PSBB policy causes a drop in income drivers makes powering the social capital of the Community of SIMBAT. The authors recommend to before making a policy to resolve COVID-19, the government must be considered impact and risk will soon for target groups. The Government must be prepared a solution if occur what undesirable impact.

Building community resilience through youth volunteering: towards a new model

ABSTRACT Australian regional communities are changing. The combined impact of out-migration and ageing populations means that the capacity of regional communities to function as they traditionally have is challenged. In this context, volunteer effort remains a vital part of building community resilience and social capital. Yet, volunteering per se is under threat, and encouraging young people to volunteer an even greater challenge. This paper presents the results of a project that sought to understand the barriers to, and incentives for, youth volunteering at three regional local government areas in South Australia. First, we find that despite a popular conviction that youth volunteering is on the decline, it has in fact increased; the actual decline is with those volunteers who are within the 35–55-year age groups. Second, we found that two models of volunteering exist in the regions: (1) volunteering as an activity involving participation on committees or doing regular primarily public good group-based work (e.g., emergency services, Rotary, conservation); and (2) event-based, one-off, fun activities (sometimes, but not always, for the broader public good). Volunteering per se, however, was considered by all participants as central to community identity. Culture, sports and youth clubs emerged as important hubs for youth activity and potential volunteer recruitment. We suggest a new model for regional youth volunteering that prioritizes events, partnerships and social media, as well as using existing institutions as bridging organizations.

Community social capital or health needs: What is driving hospital-community partnerships to address social determinants of health?

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are strongly linked to individual and population health outcomes. Hospitals and health systems are in a unique position to initiate or partner on community-wide efforts address SDOH. However, such efforts typically require collaboration with other healthcare and local community organizations since SDOH affect more than just medical care. Despite studies that have identified specific organizational and environmental factors associated with hospital-community partnerships, the role of social capital and community health needs as drivers of such partnerships remains unexplored. This study examines whether hospital partnerships with community organizations in the United States are driven predominantly by community social capital or the prevailing health needs of the community, and whether these drivers are similar for overall partnerships as well as for partnerships with individual organizations. We use 2020 data from the American Hospital Association, US County Health Rankings, and Social Capital Project and employ ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression and logit models to assess the relationship between social capital, community health needs and hospital-community partnerships to address SDOH. Our results indicate that for community social capital was significantly and positively associated with total hospital partnerships (β = 0.05, p = 0.01). We also found that community social capital was significantly more likely to be associated with hospitals’ partnerships with local/state public health agencies, schools, law enforcement agencies, other healthcare providers, and organizations that assist with food insecurity. On the other hand, community health needs were not associated with total partnerships and had limited associations with hospital partnerships with individual organizations. Overall, this research suggests that social capital is a critical determinant of hospital partnerships with community organizations, and hospitals may seek partnerships with organizations that allow them to address community health issues outside of their own expertise since such partnerships and collaborative efforts can help address SDOH and manage population health.

Pathways between Social Capital and Oral Health from Childhood to Adolescence

This study aimed to evaluate the theoretical pathways by which social capital can influence dental caries and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children over time. This 10-y prospective cohort started in 2010 with a sample of 639 preschoolers aged 1 to 5 y from the southern Brazil. Community and individual social capital were assessed at baseline through the presence of formal institutions in the neighborhood and social networks, respectively. In the 10-y follow-up, the individual social capital was evaluated by social trust and social networks. Dental caries was measured by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and the short version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) was used to assess OHRQoL. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral (frequency of toothbrushing and use of dental services), and psychosocial (sense of coherence) characteristics were also assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the associations between variables over time. About 429 children were reassessed at 10-y follow-up (67.1% cohort retention rate). High community social capital at baseline directly predicted lower occurrence of dental caries and better OHRQoL after 10 y. Social capital at community level also indirectly predicted lower occurrence of dental caries through sense of coherence, frequency of toothbrushing, and use of dental services. Individual social capital at follow-up was indirectly linked to OHRQoL via the psychosocial pathway (sense of coherence). Community-level social capital was associated with dental caries and OHRQoL over time. The relationship between individual social capital and oral health was mediated through the psychosocial pathway.

What does equitable distribution mean in community forests?

It is increasingly recognised that efforts in sustainable development dealing with natural resources management must account not only for their ecological effectiveness, but also whether they achieve this in a socially beneficial and just manner. Studies on distributive social equity in sustainable natural resources management have often taken a limited view as to what is considered fair criteria and worthwhile metrics of distribution. Community-based forest management is a particularly insightful case for social equity, as achieving fair or just outcomes is an implied or explicit objective of such programmes, and they are increasingly promoted in national and international policies. This study further develops our understanding of the choices around distributional equity, including critically considering what outcomes could be measured and how a “fair” distribution could be defined. We consider the implications of adhering to different distributional norms, illustrating the potential differences through an empirical case study of community-based forest management in Indonesia. We expand the metrics under scrutiny to include non-monetary measures of subjective well-being, political engagement, community social capital, and core needs like material welfare and education, and examine the changes in levels and distribution of these variables. We compare the changes to what could theoretically be expected under egalitarian, pro-poor, or merit-based distributional norms. Our results demonstrate how meeting equity objectives depends on what definition of a fair and just distribution is employed. Some metrics, such as core well-being, show positive changes more consistently than others, like subjective well-being. Studies on social equity (and critiques of them) therefore need to be cautious of the potential to cherry-pick results. Using a range of carefully defined and justified metrics and distributional norms might illuminate not only how well programs achieve their objectives, but also how communities may differ in their perceptions and opinions on well-being and equity.

Build back better: A framework for sustainable recovery assessment

Build Back Better (BBB) is a strategy published as part of the Sendai Framework which has been widely adopted to achieve long-term, effective and sustainable disaster recovery. Assessment of disaster recovery is crucial for improving understanding of the difficulties and insufficiencies experienced during the reconstruction process and to better support disaster risk reduction policies and investment. However, with the focus being on optimizing the economic and physical environment, citizens’ preferences remain unexamined in existing literature. Therefore, this study aims to create a sustainable recovery framework which takes into account the needs of citizens. Based on systems theory, the proposed framework evaluates the sustainable recovery level of families and communities from three dimensions, namely: Element, Structure, and Function. The Best Worst Method (BWM) was used, involving two rounds of interviews with 11 experts, to determine evaluation indexes for each dimension. The Element dimension consists of five sustainable livelihood capitals. The Structure dimension includes community social capital, leadership, and social governance. The Function dimension includes disaster preparedness, disaster response, immediate recovery, and disaster learning. The proposed framework was used to investigate the degree of sustainable recovery in four towns in Wenchuan County, Mainland China. Through interviews and large-scale surveys, the internal mechanisms that influence the level of sustainable recovery in different communities were identified. Practical recommendations are provided to improve disaster recovery management in developing regions. The proposed framework can assist in the development of recovery standards and evaluations at different levels in China and other parts of the world.

Promoting cultural change towards dementia friendly communities: a multi-level intervention in Japan

BackgroundEffective strategies to develop dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) are needed in aging societies. We aimed to propose a strategy to develop DFCs from a Japanese perspective and to evaluate an intervention program that adopted the strategy.MethodsThis study implemented a multi-level intervention that emphasized nurturing community social capital in a large apartment complex in the Tokyo metropolitan area in 2017. We offered an inclusive café that was open for extended hours as a place to socialize and a center for activities that included monthly public lectures. Individual consultation on daily life issues was also available for free at the café. Postal surveys were sent out to all older residents aged 70 years and older in 2016 and 2019. With a one-group pre-test and post-test design, we assessed changes in the proportion of older residents who had social interaction with friends and those who were confident about living in the community, even if they were living with dementia.ResultsTotals of 2633 and 2696 residents completed the pre and post-intervention surveys, respectively. The mean age of the pre-intervention respondents was 77.4 years; 45.7% lived alone and 7.7% reported living with impaired cognitive function. The proportion of men who had regular social interaction and were confident about living in their community with dementia increased significantly from 38.8 to 44.5% (p = 0.0080) and from 34.1 to 38.3% (p = 0.045), respectively. Similar significant increases were observed in the subgroup of men living with impaired cognitive function, but not in the same subgroup for women.ConclusionsThe intervention benefitted male residents who were less likely to be involved in the community’s web of social networks at baseline. A strategy to create DFCs that emphasizes nurturing community social capital can form a foundation for DFCs.Trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered in the University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trial Registry (registry number: UMIN000038193, date of registration: Oct 3, 2019).

Multi-Level Social Capital and Subjective Wellbeing Among the Elderly: Understanding the Effect of Family, Workplace, Community, and Society Social Capital.

BackgroundMaintaining the subjective wellbeing of the elderly people is one of the major concerns in promoting health aging. This study concerned the influence of multi-level social capital on subjective welling and explored the affecting path among the elderly.MethodsA total of 1,078 elderly individuals anonymously and effectively surveyed in 2018, data was collected including their family, workplace, community, society social capital and subjective wellbeing, we used the structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis relationships among the variables.ResultsWe found that the total score of subjective wellbeing among the aging participants was 72.36 ± 10.08 on a range of 0–100. Family (β = 0.151, P < 0.001), workplace (β = 0.090, P < 0.001), community (β = 0.163, P < 0.001) social capital had a direct positive effect on subjective wellbeing. Society social capital had a direct positive effect on family (β = 0.253, P < 0.001), workplace (β = 0.585, P < 0.001), community (β = 0.438, P < 0.001) social capital. And society social capital had an indirect positive effect on subjective wellbeing through the mediating role of family, workplace, and community social capital.ConclusionThe research demonstrated that all the micro, meso and macro levels of social capital have protective effects for subjective wellbeing through direct or indirect way, inspiring to provide continuous improvement measures for multi-level social capital aimed at the elderly people.

ASSESSING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUILDING BLUE SOCIAL CAPITAL FOR MARITIME COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of this study is to assess the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the development of maritime communities and to build the concept of blue social capital. Blue social capital comprises a social network, social trust and development resilience that take place in the Internet. As individuals constantly accept ICT changes, it helps them to obtain information easily as well as increase their social capital. However, there are still a handful of maritime communities who do not know that the blue social capital may help promote their well-being and present them with the benefits of development. Lack of exposure in ICT is one of the reasons that some people do not understand the potential of blue social capital. The problem of cybercrime and poverty will also occur if the maritime community members are not trained to use ICT. This study uses a systematic literature review to examine the relationship between ICT and building of blue social capital towards maritime community development. The literature review analyses arguments between social capital components and ICT. An expected result is a positive relationship between ICT and blue social capital in the context of maritime community development. Future research should focus on blue social capital community empowerment in urban areas.

Social-ecological factors related to preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea.

Most studies on COVID-19 preventive behaviors have focused on single-level factors such as national policy, community social capital, or individuals’ sociodemographic characteristics. Through a social-ecological model, this study attempts to comprehensively examine the multilevel factors associated with COVID-19 preventive practices in South Korea. Accordingly, a web survey involving 1,500 participants was conducted in December 2020. An ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to examine the multilevel factors (individual, interpersonal, community, and policy levels) related to COVID-19 preventive measures, which are based on wearing a mask, washing hands, covering the mouth when coughing or sneezing, and social distancing. When factors at each level were investigated, higher scores of COVID-19 fear and correct knowledge at the individual level, COVID-19 information share at the interpersonal level, and better evaluation of the national government policies in regard to COVID-19 at the policy level were positively associated with COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Community-level factors—neighborhood perception and community participation—were negatively significantly related to COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Additionally, older age, being female, and having a graduate-level education were positively related to better preventive behaviors. The findings of the current study suggest that multilevel efforts are needed to promote preventive behaviors. Specifically, more effort to alleviate COVID-19-related fear and disseminate correct knowledge among Korean citizens is needed as the individual-level characteristics explained the preventive behaviors more than the factors at upper levels.

Community Social Capital, Family Support, Confucian Pro-Setback Coping and Geriatric Depression: Evidence from China

It is important to explore the factors influencing geriatric depression in the context of aging. This research aimed to investigate the association between community social capital and depressive symptoms among the urban elderly in China, and the mediating role of family support and Confucian pro-setback coping in the impact of community social capital on geriatric depression. Data were collected via a community survey targeting 300 adults aged 60 and above living in urban communities in Chengdu, China, in 2021. SPSS and a structural equation model were used for the analysis of data and test the proposed hypothesis. The findings showed that civic participation and social cohesion were significantly related to geriatric depression. Family support and Confucian pro-setback coping played a mediating role or chain mediating role in the associations between civic participation and geriatric depression. This research has offered support for both direct and indirect effects of community social capital on geriatric depression. Promoting community-level civic participation and social cohesion, improving family support and Confucian pro-setback coping are seen to contribute positively to the management and intervention on geriatric depression.

Impact of Social Capital on Residents' Choice of Medical Institutions: A Study Based on Classification Tree Model and Logistic Regression

To explore the influence of social capital on the local residents' choice of medical institutions and to provide a reference basis for promoting diagnosis and treatment services available at different tiers. A classification tree model was established using the exhaustive chi-square automatic interaction detection (Exhaustive CHAID) method to screen for factors influencing the residents' choice of medical institutions, and a logistic regression model was used to quantitatively analyze the interaction effect of the influencing factors. The classification tree model showed that there were four layers and eight terminal nodes, identifying a total of six influencing factors, including individual social capital, self-reported physical health, education, community social capital, chronic disease prevalence, and self-reported mental health. Logistic regression analysis showed that education (odds ratio [OR]=0.660, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.502-0.869), community social capital (OR=0.746, 95% CI: 0.589-0.943), and individual social capital (OR=0.405, 95% CI: 0.287-0.572) (P<0.001) had an impact on residents' choice of medical institution. There was an interaction between individual social capital and self-reported physical health on residents' choice of medical institution (OR=1.872, 95% CI: 1.180-2.969, P<0.05). Interventions in terms of social capital factors should be considered in order to promote the rational use of medical resources.

The generation of community social capital in the Poble Sec community plan (Barcelona)

ABSTRACT The perspective of social capital has gained prominence in the last 25 years in research and intervention in the social and educational fields.There is an open debate on the application of this concept in community action processes. The objective of this article is to identify and analyze the basic factors that influence the generation of social capital within the Community Development Plan of Poble Sec de Barcelona.A qualitative research process was designed in two phases: one to review the existing academic literature on the factors that generate community social capital, and a second focused on the case analysis of a Community Development Plan.Results such as the wealth of community associations, the feeling of belonging and the ability to mobilize neighbors to get involved in collective actions of a social nature, show that Community Development Plans can provide an adequate context for the generation of social capital.

Association of Paternal Workplace and Community Social Capital With Paternal Postnatal Depression and Anxiety: A Prospective Study.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine the association between workplace and community social capital and fathers' postpartum depression and anxiety at 3 months after delivery in Japan.MethodsFathers who had babies delivered in two obstetric clinics in Tokyo, Japan were recruited to take part in the study (response rate = 76.2%). Participants completed questionnaires measuring workplace and community social capital, depression, and anxiety at 1 week and a follow-up at 3 months post-delivery (N = 398). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with multiple imputation for missing data (at most, N = 60, 15.1%).ResultsCommunity social capital was inversely associated with both depressive symptoms (β = −0.21, 95%CI = −0.33 to −0.08) and anxiety (β = −0.38, 95%CI = −0.66 to −0.11) at 3 months, after adjusting for covariates. No association was found between workplace social capital and depressive symptoms and anxiety.ConclusionPaternal community social capital, but not workplace social capital, was shown to be a preventive factor for paternal depression and anxiety up to 3 months post-delivery. To prevent paternal mental health problems during the postpartum period, an intervention to promote paternal community, rather than workplace, social capital may be warranted.

Implementation of social capital for multipurpose cooperative autonomy

Only a few cooperatives succeed in utilizing social capital, one of them is the Setia Budi Wanita (SBW) Multipurpose Cooperative, East Java. This study aims to elaborate on social capital utilization that develops the autonomy of a multipurpose cooperative. The research method used was qualitative with a phenomenology approach in SBW Multipurpose Cooperative and data were collected through interviews, focused group discussions, and document review. This study has nine informants, including one East Java cooperative figure, four cooperative administrators, two existing members, and two new members. Various data were traced, among others: profiles of SBW figures, various women empowerment programs, the joint responsibility group system, and collaborative partnership between SBW Multipurpose Cooperative and the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of East Java Province. The results show that SBW Multipurpose Cooperative has various social capital, among others: the characters of Mursia Zaafril Ilyas and Sri Untari Bisowarno, the bond of the seventeen doctors’ wives, a community of 360 members, and fourteen administrators of SBW; values and trust in the network of women’s cooperatives. This study concludes that social capital elements enable SBW Multipurpose Cooperative to be an autonomous cooperative. SBW Multipurpose Cooperative can utilize the collaboration of individual, community, and network social capital.

Community social capital in facing landslide hazards in Banjarnegara

This research was conducted in Karangkobar District, Banjarnegara. Karangkobar District had 2 (two) moderate landslide threat levels covering an area of 2,419.96 hectares or 75%, while the high landslide threat level is 789.29 hectares or 25% spread over 11 villages. There had not been a disaster preparedness village, there had been no socialization or training on disaster reduction, the community still used kentongan and mosque speakers as media to convey information. The focus of this research was the social capital of the community, with data collection methods, namely documentation and observation. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that there were 3 villages that had a moderate level of community social capital, with the characteristics of having regulations and institutions, early warning and disaster risk studies, reduction of basic risk factors, and development of preparedness on all lines, but disaster education was not yet available. There had not been a disaster preparedness village in all villages, only in Sampang Village, socialization and training on disaster reduction had been carried out, the community used kentongan and starts using mobile phones as a medium to convey information. Meanwhile, the village with a high level of landslide threat that had a high level of community social capital was Pagerpelah Village, which had the characteristics of having all parameters of community capacity in the form of rules and institutions, early warning and disaster risk studies, disaster education, reduction of basic risk factors, and preparedness development at all levels.

Industrial Pollution, Social Trust, and Civic Engagement: A Nationwide Study of the Socioenvironmental Nature of Social Capital

I conduct a nationwide investigation of the relationship that toxic industrial pollution and the facilities that produce it have with trust and civic engagement within communities. Data on pollution exposure come from the Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators Geographic Microdata (RSEI-GM) and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data sets for the years 1995 to 1999. Data on trust and civic engagement come from the 2000 restricted-access Social Capital Community Benchmark Survey (SCCBS). Statistical analyses provide strong support for Freudenburg and Jones’ conceptualization of corrosive communities and indicate that exposures to more toxic air pollution associate negatively with various measures of trust, and that increased numbers of TRI facilities associate negatively with various measures of civic engagement. The implication is that exposure to toxic industrial air pollution and the facilities that produce it not only adversely affect the physical health of nearby communities, but also their social well-being and underlying capacities for collective action.

The Development of the Concept of Social Capital

Social capital is assumed as an alternative form of other modalities. Theoretically, there is a debate about social capital leading to social relations. The debate relates to the conceptualization of social capital as concrete capital where individuals or groups are able to utilize social relations including values, social networks and trust to obtain economic benefits and social benefits. Using a qualitative approach with a literature study method, this article aims to explain social capital as a theoretical concept. The presentation of the study shows that there is a relationship between social capital and inclusiveness and community empowerment, especially in the context of sustainable inclusive development. This article concludes that the concept of social capital serves as a useful framework for successful development and policy formulation.

The Relationship among Community Social Capital, Perceived Value and Community Loyalty

The research focus on the relationship among community social capital, perceived value and community loyalty with taking alumni community as an object. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is to adopted to analyze data by using SmartPLS 3.2.9. The results show that social capital has contribution on perceived informational value and perceived social value, perceived informational value significantly affect community loyalty, while perceived social value has insignificant impact on community loyalty.