Social Body Research Articles

Utilitarians, Educators, Poets: The Beginnings of the <em>Westminster Review</em> and the London Mechanics’ Institution

The Westminster Review and the London Mechanics’ Institution were established within months of each other in 1823–24. The prestige periodical, founded on faith in the power of print media to improve lives by the diffusion of knowledge through the social body, and the institution undertaking a more direct and practical route to the same end, were evidently of the same political spirit and historical moment. This article seeks to add texture to the early history of these two initiatives and the radical London milieu that produced them by delving beneath the official documented accounts into the subterranean networks that connected the Westminster and the London Mechanics’ Institution in the mid-1820s. In so doing it complicates a too easy identification of the relationship between them as simply one of shared utilitarian and party political ideology. It looks beyond public manifestos to consider other sources, such as Anna Birkbeck’s album (begun in 1825), which brings familiar figures into different relation, and introduces new names, such as Mary Shelley, into the interwoven threads that represented radical London at this time. Other stories, like that of the Greek Committee, whose secretary John Bowring, also editor of the Westminster, contributed a poem on George Birkbeck to the album, cut across the histories of the journal Bowring edited and the mechanics’ institution he supported. Other actors, such as Lord Byron, and other forms — poems, cartoons — help us to view these years more fully, and resist the binaried accounts of utilitarianism and Romanticism that run through early commentaries and subsequent scholarship. In fact, things were much less clearly defined. Such an approach reminds us that the imaginative arts were an integral part of the conception and practice of both the Westminster Review and Dr Birkbeck’s London Mechanics’ (later Literary and Scientific) Institution.

Liberating Fat Bodies: Social Media Censorship and Body Size Activism

Liberating Fat Bodies: Social Media Censorship and Body Size Activism

Exploring the effects of social media on body dysmorphic disorder among citizens of Bahrain: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThis study assessed the relationship between social media use and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). We calculated the prevalence of BDD in our sample and explored factors that may be associated with BDD. Various factors that we explored include sociodemographic characteristics, body image perceptions, and specific social media platforms used. The key focus of our study is understanding the impact of social media on mental health, specifically in the context of BDD.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional online survey that included the standardized Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Data on social media use were collected through self-reported usage patterns. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify associations.ResultsIncreased overall social media use was associated with BDD (p = 0.030). The prevalence of BDD in our sample was 1.8%. Age, being single and being a student were associated with BDD, with p values of 0.004, 0.023, and < 0.001, respectively. BDD was associated with comparing one’s body image with that of people on social media (p = 0.001). BDD was associated with judging other people based on their appearance (p < 0.001). Using social media in the fields of celebrities (p = 0.020), fashion (p = 0.025), music and songs (p < 0.001) were associated with BDD.ConclusionsIncreased social media use is associated with BDD, but different patterns of social media use may affect this relationship, indicating the need for further research in this field.

INSATISFAÇÃO CORPORAL EM ADOLESCENTES E A RELAÇÃO COM AS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS DIGITAIS

Body dissatisfaction and the use of social networks are current phenomena that mark female adolescence and therefore require evaluation. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the use of social media and body dissatisfaction in female adolescents. Methodology: This is a literature review consisting of nine scientific articles found in the databases: SciElo and PubMed. Results and Discussion: The articles selected for this study, through the analysis of their elements, allowed the understanding that social networks exert a strong influence on the development of body dissatisfaction (BD) in adolescent girls, because these networks present information about the so-called ideal body, which is equally unattainable for most women. It was also identified that body dissatisfaction causes serious consequences to the psychological and physical health of adolescents, such as: problems with self-esteem, distorted selfperceptions, hatred of one’s own body, depression, insomnia, social isolation, alcohol use, restrictive diets, eating disorders, among other complications. Therefore, actions aimed at resolving and/or alleviating this scenario were demonstrated, such as interventions aimed at periodically withdrawing from social networks, healthy diets and self-acceptance. Final considerations: Although the social pressure on women’s bodies is an old phenomenon, it currently has strong allies in the media and social networks. Therefore, the relevance of the topic discussed in this article for science and society is considered and it is suggested that further studies be developed on this subject.

TRANSTORNO DISMÓRFICO CORPORAL:UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DO INSUSTENTÁVEL PESO DA BELEZA

This article explores the relationship between social media use and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), contextualizing the increase in dissatisfaction with body image in an increasingly connected society. The objective was to understand the impact and influence of the search for beauty standards imposed by social media in relation to body dysmorphic disorder. The methodology used was an integrative literature review; the research was carried out through articles published in the last 10 years, in the PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar databases; the search and selection path of the articles was arranged in an adapted flowchart. Four articles were included for the review and the results are presented in a summary table with the main elements of the studies. The discussion held understood that there is a strong correlation between the intensive use of social networks and the intensification of concerns about appearance, especially in relation to the face and belly. The discussions also revealed that the use of image-centered social media, such as Instagram and Snapchat, influences the perception of appearance, exacerbates comparative behaviors and fosters dysmorphic behaviors, and that constant exposure to idealized aesthetic standards and the use of filters and effects on published images contribute to increased body dissatisfaction with the consequent search for surgical and non-surgical aesthetic procedures. It was concluded that social media significantly influences the intensification of BDD, impacting individuals’ quality of life in the areas of physical and emotional health and social and professional relationships.

Associations Between Body Image, Eating Behaviors, and Diet Quality Among Young Women in New Zealand: The Role of Social Media.

Background/Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between diet quality and body image disturbance among young women aged 18-24, a crucial period for establishing lifelong health behaviors. Given the increasing exposure to social media, which often promotes unrealistic beauty standards, this research aims to explore associations between eating behaviors, diet quality, and body image disturbance. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative focus group discussions with quantitative analysis. Focus groups (n = 19) explored themes of body image dissatisfaction. The Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was administered to 50 participants (young women aged 18-24) to quantitatively assess body image disturbance, while diet quality was evaluated using the Australian Recommended Food Scores (ARFS). The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) was also used to assess eating behaviors, including cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. A social influence questionnaire (SIQ) was administered to measure the effect of social influence. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between ARFS, BIDQ, and TFEQ-R18 scores. Results: Qualitative findings revealed persistent dissatisfaction with body shape, largely influenced by social media. Quantitatively, 65% of participants scored above the clinical threshold for body image disturbance (mean BIDQ score = 4.2, SD = 0.8). The correlation between ARFS and BIDQ scores was weak and not statistically significant (r = 0.057, p = 0.711). However, a significant positive correlation was observed between time spent on social media and body image disturbance (r = 0.58, p < 0.01). Additionally, TFEQ-R18 results indicated that 45% of participants displayed moderate levels of uncontrolled eating, and 36.5% demonstrated moderate levels of emotional eating. Conclusions: While social media is associated with body image concerns, its effect on eating behaviors and diet quality shows weak correlations, suggesting that other factors may mediate these outcomes. These results suggest the complexity of the associations between body image, eating behaviors, and diet quality, indicating that interventions should consider psychological drivers behind these concerns alongside social media usage.

Assessment of Eating Disorder Risk According to Sport Level, Sex, and Social Media Use among Polish Football Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background/Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) pose a significant health issue affecting athletes, with risk factors varying by sport level, sex, and social media use. This study assesses the risk of EDs among professional and amateur football players, considering these factors, and compares findings with a control group of non-athletes. Methods: The study involved 170 participants, including non-athletes as a control group, categorized by sex and sport level. The mean age of participants was 24.3 ± 4.20, with an age range of 18–36. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and body mass index (BMI) assessments were used to determine ED risk. Results: Results showed a higher prevalence of ED risk among professional athletes, especially women, compared to amateurs and non-athletes. Social media use and body comparisons were linked to increased ED risk, with professional athletes exhibiting higher vulnerability due to performance pressures. Women, particularly those in professional sports, showed a higher risk of EDs than men, influenced by social and aesthetic pressures. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, promoting healthier body image perceptions and addressing social media’s role in shaping body dissatisfaction. Psychological support and sex-specific strategies should be integrated into athlete care programs to mitigate these risks.

Legal Protection for Workers on Job Loss Guarantee in the Tourism Sector

In Indonesia, labo u r social security is a right of workers, as exemplified by the provision of job loss insurance . In essence, social security is designed to ensure that workers retain a decent standard of living in the event of job loss. One of the most frequently demanded rights of workers is the right to social security. The Indonesian Social Security Administration Body (BPJS) programme comprises two distinct categories: social security for health and social security for employment . The following ques tion is posed: How is the job loss insurance programme in the tourism sector implemented at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Cabang Bali Gianyar ? Furthermore, what form of legal protection is afforded to workers who lose their jobs in accordance with Indonesian Govern ment Regulation No. 37/2021 on the implementation of the Job Loss Insurance Program? Methodology: empirical research employing a soc iological approach. The findings indicate that the implementation of the job loss guarantee programme at BPJS Ketenagakerjaa n Gianyar is conducted in accordance with the submission of job loss insurance claims from workers who have been laid off. At PT CH B Villa, 26 workers who experienced layoffs were eligible to receive the benefits of job loss insurance , including 24 worker s (92%) who were entitled to receive them and two workers (8%) who were not. In conclusion, the implementation of the job loss insur ance programme at the Villa of PT CHB Gianyar has been effective in providing legal protection and benefits for laid off wo rkers. In the event that an employer violates the rights of a dismissed worker, the employer may be subject to administrative sancti ons in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of Indonesi an Government Regulation No. 37/ 2021 concerning the implement ation of the job loss insurance . These sanctions may include written warnings to the employer and the cessation of certain public se rvices.

Efektivitas Pelayanan Publik Bagi Pasien Pengguna BPJS di RSUD dr. M. Soewandhie Kota Surabaya

A survey conducted by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia indicates that public services in Indonesia are still unsatisfactory, particularly in the healthcare sector, which is one of the basic rights of the community. Through the Social Security Administering Body (BPJS) program, the government strives to provide social security to the public, including access to quality healthcare services. However, there are still challenges in the effectiveness of public services, especially in the context of hospitals. A surprise inspection by the Mayor of Surabaya at the Dr. Mohamad Soewandhie Regional General Hospital revealed several deficiencies in service, which were subsequently addressed by the hospital with various improvements, including increased efficiency and the use of technology. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of public services for BPJS patients at Dr. Mohamad Soewandhie Regional General Hospital in Surabaya, with the hope of providing deeper insights into the performance of public services in government institutions. This research uses qualitative research techniques with a descriptive strategy. The location of the study is Dr. Soewandhie Regional General Hospital in Surabaya. Based on our observations and interviews with various parties, we determined that the services provided by Dr. Soewandhie Regional General Hospital to BPJS Kesehatan patients have successfully achieved the main goals of the program, namely providing adequate and quality infrastructure, facilities, and healthcare services for patients. However, there are challenges such as the renewal of BPJS accounts that have expired.

An investigation of the relationship between social networking site activities and muscle dysmorphia in young men

While the connection between social networking sites (SNSs) and body image has been reported more broadly in prior literature, the link between SNSs and muscle dysmorphia (MD) is less understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the strength and nature of the relationship between MD and SNSs among men in the general population. With SNSs allowing users to view and interact with online content, this study focussed on three SNS activities: (a) viewing men’s celebrity and fashion content, (b) viewing fitness-related content and (c) the importance of received likes and comments. Young men ( N = 95) completed an online questionnaire recording demographic information, SNS activities and MD symptomatology. A hierarchal regression revealed that the importance of received likes and comments significantly predicted MD symptomatology over and above demographic factors. These findings reflect a need to emphasise the interactive components of SNSs within body image literature.

#NoFilter: The impact of social media body dysmorphic disorder in adults

AbstractWhile existing literature has extensively examined the correlation between social media usage and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in adolescents, research on this relationship among adults remains limited. Thus, this study sought to explore the association between social media engagement and BDD in adults. A sample of 222 participants completed a questionnaire comprising various scales to assess the influence of social media usage and time spent on these platforms on body dissatisfaction. The results revealed a positive correlation between social media usage and symptoms of body dissatisfaction, as well as low self‐esteem. Notably, increased time spent on social media emerged as a significant predictor of body dissatisfaction. Moreover, a significant link was observed between self‐esteem and Appearance‐Related Consciousness concerning image uploads on social media platforms. Image‐centric platforms like Snapchat and Instagram exhibited higher levels of body dissatisfaction. Interestingly, gender differences in these associations were not identified.

Evaluation of Social Appearance Anxiety, Self-Esteem, Eating Behavior, and Body Image in Rhinoplasty and Septoplasty Patients

Evaluation of Social Appearance Anxiety, Self-Esteem, Eating Behavior, and Body Image in Rhinoplasty and Septoplasty Patients

The Psychosocial Burden Of Psoriasis: Understanding The Impact On Mental Health And Well-Being

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic inflammatory skin condition that is distinguished by scaly, red lesions that can be uncomfortable, itchy, and disfiguring. Psoriasis can influence aspects of one’s life beyond distressful physical symptoms, such as mood and quality of life. Patients diagnosed with psoriasis are 39% more likely to suffer from concomitant depression and 31% of patients are diagnosed with anxiety [1]. Due to physical manifestations, individuals with psoriasis are at increased risk of developing issues of poor social perception and body image stress [2]. Research states that psoriasis flare-ups are sometimes directly linked with bouts of anxiety and depression; conversely, physical symptoms of psoriasis may be attributed to psychosocial issues. For example, depression may cause a lack of proper adherence to treatment and lead to exacerbated inflammation. Understanding the psychosocial aspects of psoriasis may provide pertinent clinical information; thereby, allowing seamless integration of psychiatric treatments for the overall treatment protocol for psoriasis. This project delves into understanding how decreased emotional and social well-being can challenge the proper maintenance and treatment of psoriasis. Further, this paper highlights adaptive coping strategies and social support networks that are key in enhancing treatment viability. Oliver C, Robert PD, Daihung D, et al. The Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in Patients With Psoriasis. Arch Dermatol. 2010;146(8) Hepat A, Chakole S, Rannaware A. Psychological Well-Being of Adult Psoriasis Patients: A Narrative Review. Cureus. 2023

Body Mass Gain in Wild Brown Capuchins (Sapajus apella) in Relation to Fruit Production and Social Dominance.

In ecological contexts natural selection might favor individuals with a larger body mass to monopolize resources; however, there is wide variation in body mass within populations and potential factors. In this study, we evaluated whether fruit production limits body mass in one group of Sapajus apella, its effects on behavior, and whether there is a relationship between social status and body mass. We recorded activity patterns using focal follows (20 min), body mass (using a modified Ohaus scale), and community wide fruit production estimates (from 60 fruit traps). Body mass remained relatively stable during periods of food scarcity, but in periods of abundance most individuals gained weight, as indicated by their relative growth rates (RGR). Subordinate subadults showed the highest RGR, as expected by their age. In periods of high fruit production activities as traveling, grooming, and playing were more frequent than during fruit scarcity, suggesting energy maximization and potential energetic constraints. We found differences in behavior within the group, as the alpha male was observed feeding more frequently (and for longer periods of time), was more aggressive (e.g., feeding trees), and received more grooming than other individuals. In addition, the alpha male was 60% heavier than the group's average body mass. Our study supports the hypothesis that body weight gain is related to fruit abundance and that body size is associated with social dominance; however, large individuals (both males and females) seem to incur in high metabolic or reproductive costs, as they do not gain much weight as smaller individuals.

Influence of social networking site use on body image disturbances among young women in China

Young adult women in China are at high risk of body image disturbances and are among the most frequent users of social networking sites (SNS). We investigated the association between SNS use and body image disturbances in this group, as well as the mediating effect of upward social comparison. We recruited 511 women to complete questionnaires on SNS use, upward social comparison, and body dissatisfaction. Results indicated that SNS use was significantly and positively associated with upward social comparison and body dissatisfaction among young women in China, and upward social comparison mediated this association. Findings from the current study provide new evidence for the tripartite influence model of body image and indicate that SNS use is a risk factor for body image disturbances.

Daily Bi-directional effects of women’s social media-based appearance comparisons, body satisfaction, and disordered eating urges

We assessed the bi-directional relationships between upward appearance comparisons on social media with body dissatisfaction (BD) and disordered eating (DE) in women’s daily lives and the potential moderating effect of trait self-objectification on these relationships. Women (N = 315) completed a baseline measure of trait self-objectification, then reported momentary experiences of social media-based appearance comparisons (upward, lateral, downward), body satisfaction, and DE urges (restrict food intake, exercise, overeat) for seven days. We hypothesized that upward (relative to no) comparisons would predict lower body satisfaction and higher DE urges, while lateral and downward (relative to no) comparisons would predict higher body satisfaction and lower DE urges. We expected these relationships to be bi-directional and moderated by trait self-objectification. Multilevel modelling results revealed complex bi-directional relationships. Upward comparisons predicted lower body satisfaction and increased urges to restrict food intake, which in turn predicted increased upward comparisons. Unexpectedly, urges to restrict food intake predicted all comparison types. We observed somewhat unanticipated bi-directional relationships between lateral comparisons and exercise urges, and between downward comparisons and body satisfaction. Uni-directional relationships emerged between upward comparisons and the urge to overeat. Trait self-objectification moderated very few of these relationships. These findings support the non-uniform impact of appearance comparisons on body image and eating concerns and highlight the complexity of daily social media-body image dynamics. Future research using refined measures over extended periods is needed to elucidate these relationships further and inform targeted interventions.

Busier, Happier, and Good(er) – 40 Years on from ‘Busy, Happy, and Good’ as Success in Teaching Physical Education

ABSTRACT In 1983, Judith Placek published “Conceptions of success in teaching: Busy, happy, and good?” Placek’s arguments have been picked up widely in research and are often used as a catchphrase to represent bad teaching. Our purpose in this paper is to revisit Placek’s argument and “update” it for modern times. We first contextualize “Busy, Happy, and Good” by exploring the sociopolitical “setting” in which it came from and examine the literature to investigate how the concept has been used. We then outline three challenges physical education faces regarding success in teaching. Lastly, we propose a framework using a revised version of Placek’s concept that engages in the complexities of student learning. In doing so, we discuss five learning “bodies”: (a) Moving Body, (b) Thinking Body, (c) Social Body, (d) Emotional Body, and (e) Cultural Body, and propose educational aims that can guide successful teaching across diverse movement cultures and reposition Placek’s arguments as more positive outcomes of physical education.

Clinico-demographic features and the benign diseases requiring hysterectomy; A Cross Sectional Study.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the clinic-demographic features and the benign diseases requiring hysterectomy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Peshawar Medical College and its Affiliate Tertiary Care Hospitals. Period: 03 Oct, 2020 to 03 Oct, 2021. Methods: It was a part of the dissertation mandated by the college of physician and surgeons as part of the FCPS program. Using WHO sample size calculator a sample size of 104 patients was obtained and consecutive sampling was done. Logistic regression was used to co-relate clinic-demographic features with different diseases with 5% level of significance. Results: Mean of age of the patients was 48.55 years (±10.5years SD), mean height was 5.508 feet (±1.1feet SD), mean weight was 73.20 kg (±15.4kg SD) and the mean BMI was 26.58 (±4.5 SD). Diabetes mellitus was significantly more common in patients with leiomyoma and abnormal uterine bleeding, whereas, the social class and body mass index did not have an impact on the benign gynecological condition (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Patients with symptomatic fibroid uterus and abnormal uterine bleeding are more likely to be hypertensive and diabetic, whereas, BMI, social class and residence area does not significantly differ among patients.

Exploring the Links Between Social Media Addiction, Body Satisfaction, and Subjective Well-Being Among Adolescents

The current study examined Social media addiction, body satisfaction, and subjective well-being among adolescents. For this purpose, the sample for the current study was calculated by the G power formula (F, t, χ2, Z, and exact tests) 300 participants were selected through the convenient sampling technique (139 Boys and 161 Girls), adolescents with the age range of 10-19 from different colleges and universities of Faisalabad. The Co-relational research design was used in the current study. The variables under research were measured using the following scales: The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (Andreassen et al., 2016), the Body Shape Questionnaire (Cooper et al., 1987), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg,1965), the Work &amp; Social Adjustment Scale (Marks et al., 2002), ICP Subjective Well-Being Scale (Diener's, 1984). Using SPSS version 26, descriptive statistics, correlation, and t-tests were used to evaluate the current research hypothesis. Results of the correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant negative relationship between social media addiction and body satisfaction. In contrast, body satisfaction and subjective well-being were significantly positively related, and subjective well-being with body satisfaction showed no ties. The findings will benefit adolescents and management in schools and universities by providing a healthy environment and social skills to reduce social media addiction. Excessive social media use negatively impacts adolescents' body satisfaction and overall well-being. For adolescents, there is a need for educational programs and open communication to promote healthy online habits and to reduce social media's negative effects, with parental support playing a crucial role.

AIGC Changes the Internal Governance of Political Trust Under the Perspective of Political Communication——A Theoretical Research and Practice Analysis Based on a National Network Survey

Political communication is one of the important ways to influence political trust. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) technology, its application is increasingly extensive in the field of political communication, which has had a profound impact on the traditional political communication mode. This study discusses the difference between AIGC (generative ARTIFICIAL intelligence) and traditional political communication in information credibility and its impact on public political trust, and in order to further enhance the political communication of AIGC, a new pattern of AI precision governance should be constructed with grid theory. Through online extensive sampling of the national 503 people, overall, the application of AIGC technology significantly changed the way of political information and trust degree, compared with the traditional form of public political trust fell, at the same time the traditional (authoritative) media, social media main body using AIGC political communication will also affect the people's political trust. In this regard, accurate precision governance should be realized, so that the application of AIGC in political communication has the following trends: it can improve the public's awareness of the credibility and authenticity of political information to a certain extent, and then further enhance the public's political trust. This study from the perspective of political communication reveals the application of AIGC for the influence of public political trust path, reveals the information credibility and authenticity perception in the important role of cultivating political trust, further highlights the change and innovation of traditional communication form, reasonable guide the development of good AIGC political communication new areas, promote the importance of building a new pattern of AI accurate governance, provides an important reference for the future development in the field of political communication.