Social Audit Research Articles

사회자본이 감사보수와 감사시간, 감사품질에 미치는 영향

This study examines the effect of social capital on audit fees, audit hours, and audit quality. Using a sample of Korean public firms for the period of 2013-2017, we find that firms headquartered in areas with high social capital pay less audit fees and spend less audit hours. However, we observe that audit quality does not change. Thus, we document that auditors charge a premium when firms are headquartered in areas with low social capital, indicating that the audit fee premium is due to the tendency to maintain the reasonable level of assurances in areas with low social capital. In addition, the negative relation between social capital and audit fees is stronger for firms located in metropolitan areas. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding in the currently growing audit literature by documenting how social capital affects auditors’ decision in audit fees, audit hours, and audit quality.

Social Work in the Oncology Setting Compared to Social Work in General Medical Settings: An Analysis of Findings From a Multisite Australian Social Work Practice Audit

ABSTRACT Oncology social work provides services to individuals, groups, families, caregivers, and communities. As part of a larger audit of social work activities across 17 Victorian health services, a subanalysis was conducted to investigate social work practice in oncology (n = 49) compared to general medicine settings (n = 55). Social workers in oncology were more likely to address issues of adjustment to the condition, anxiety, and finances. Social workers in general medicine more frequently focused on dementia, elder abuse, and transition of clients to Residential Assisted Care. Oncology social workers conducted higher frequencies of interventions involving advocacy, brief or single session intervention, and counselling compared to general medicine, where discharge planning was significantly more common. Finally, oncology social workers were more likely to have used a narrative or supportive care model compared to the general medicine group. These findings can help better target training and upskilling of social workers for practice in different healthcare settings. IMPLICATIONS Audits of practice assist to describe the complex array of issues addressed by social work both within oncology and the broader healthcare settings. Identifying key interventions and emphases pertaining to oncology provides a focus for future evaluation of the effectiveness of social work practice across key domains within oncology. Better understanding of practice can lay the groundwork for targeted training programs to enhance social worker knowledge and skills in oncology and broader healthcare.

Efficacy of Constituency Development Catalyst Fund in Tanzania: The Case of Mwanga and Moshi Urban Constituencies

Purpose: The Tanzanian model of managing Constituency Development Catalyst Fund (CDCF) has invested overwhelming power to Members of Parliament (MP). Constitutionally, management of public fund is entrusted to the executive branch. However, literatures have shown that politicians put their political interest in the forefront. This creates doubt whether the CDCF is managed in efficient way to achieve designated goals. Thus, this study sets out to assess the efficacy of Constituency Development Catalyst Fund in Tanzania. It has investigated the performance of the fund in Moshi Urban and Mwanga constituencies. Methodology: The study has utilized a cross-sectional research design employing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Closed and Semi structured Open-ended questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect information from respondents both in Local and Central Government Authorities. Respondents were sampled using non-probability technique. The study applied content analysis to analyze information from respondents. Results: Findings show that whereas 60% of Ward Executive Officers (WEOs) at Mwanga constituency associated the allocation of CDCF projects to have been influenced by political decision, only 40% of respondents at Moshi Urban Constituency considered the allocation decisions to be politically prejudiced. Moreover, the findings of the study inform that CDCF has increasingly grown popular in recent times. The fund has been significantly effective in addressing development challenges amounting to nuisances especially in periphery areas. However, the study found existence of elements of political biasness and mismanagement of the fund that impaired efficacy of the fund. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study concluded with appealing relevant authorities to craft policies that would discourage the use of the CDCF for political investments and recommended on strengthening social audit and Monitoring and Evaluation for improved performances of the CDCF. Other studies should focus on accountability on the management of the CDCF.

Blockchain in accounting practice and research: systematic literature review

Purpose This study aims to review the academic literature on the utilization of blockchain in accounting practice and research to identify potential opportunities for further scientific investigation and to provide a framework for how accounting practices are impacted by blockchain. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a systematic literature review (SLR) of 346 research products available on Scopus, which were mapped with bibliometric analyses and critically discussed in relation to three main topics: the impact of blockchain on accounting and auditing, cryptoassets and finance, business models and supply chain management. Findings Blockchain has many potential implications for accounting practice and research. In addition to providing the state-of-the-art of accounting research on blockchain and additional avenues for further studies, this study discusses why practitioners are interested in this technology: triple-entry bookkeeping, the inalterability of transactions, the automation of repetitive tasks that do not require discretionary choices, the representation of cryptocurrencies in financial statements, value-chain management, social and environmental auditing and reporting and business model innovation. Originality/value The novel contribution of this study is integrated and threefold. First, this SLR provides a clear picture of the state of the accounting research on blockchain using bibliographic and narrative analyses. Second, it investigates how accounting and auditing practices are impacted by blockchain. Third, it contributes to the accounting literature with its discussion of the potential future research trends related to blockchain for accounting.

Quality of Public Services in the Era of Guaranteed Public Service Delivery

The provision of public services is one of the important functions performed by a government as it ensures the growth of a nation and promotes welfare and justice in society. Public services are characterised by timeliness, quality and grievance redressal in the course of service delivery. Quality is an important component of public service delivery and determines citizens’ satisfaction and trust in the government. The debates on governance during the 1990s were focused on service delivery as the most important component in the governance process. Public services were seen as a medium for interaction between the citizens and the government through street-level agents of the state to promote the welfare and wellbeing of the people. Developments like the Citizen’s Charter formulation and implementation, social audit, e-Governance programme, Public Service Guarantee Act, and so on have shaped the governance discourse in India. This essay highlights the significance of quality in public service delivery in India, its need the quality-satisfaction-trust triad, barriers to quality in public service delivery, tools to ensure the quality of public services in India and international best practices.

Will the social audit allow the company to contribute to the success of the new development model by adjusting human resources?

Will the social audit allow the company to contribute to the success of the new development model by adjusting human resources?

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility, Audit Committee, and Financial Performance on Firm Value

This study aims to determine the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility, audit committee and financial performance on firm value. The population in this study is the consumer goods industrial sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2019 period as many as 64 companies. The example of this examination was dictated by purposive testing technique and got 31 organizations recorded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2017-2019 period so the all out example was 93 perceptions. The type of data used is secondary data obtained online through the www.idx.com. Speculation testing in this investigation utilizing various straight relapse examination. The test tool used is Eviews 9. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously Corporate Social Responsibility, audit committee and financial performance have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Partially, Corporate Social Responsibility has a negative and insignificant effect on firm value, while the audit committee and financial performance have a negative and significant effect on firm value.

The contribution of social audit to the social performance of companies

Today's economic climate, characterized by globalization and market liberalization, has forced modern markets, forced modern companies to live in a highly competitive environment. Therefore, in this volatile and uncertain environment, a company must optimize its available resources, and in particular human capital, which is a fundamental source of value creation and value and wealth creation. Human capital is a strategic lever of competitiveness that companies must Human capital is a strategic lever of competitiveness that companies must take into account. Site Companies are not left out; like all companies in the world, they must also be aware of the importance of this factor and its direct impact on organizational effectiveness. This is achieved through better management of human capital and through various tools, in this case the social audit. This tool is the most privileged to implement because it allows an inventory of the human resource management function and remains the best ally for reducing the social risks faced by companies. This tool is the most privileged to implement because it allows an inventory of the human resources management function and remains the best ally to reduce the social risks faced by companies. Our study serves to offer an overview of the literature on social auditing and social performance. Thus, we seek to answer the question of the contribution of social audit to a company's social performance by revealing different theoretical models that understand this relationship (social audit and social performance.

Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and Audit Fee: Conflicting Evidence from Iran

In the current study, we investigate the impacts of social capital (SC) and intellectual capital (IC) on audit fees among the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Since the criteria for the norms and the networks are extremely correlated, we used a principal component analysis (PCA) to construct an index of social capital for each province between 2011 and 2016. The Pulic model is also used as a proxy for measuring value added intellectual capital (VAIC). The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression is employed in this study to test our research hypotheses as well. According to the research literature, on the one hand, investors and lenders can be more confident in the financial reporting honesty of the firms headquartered in areas with high social capital; on the other hand, auditors judge the trustworthiness of their clients based on where the firm is headquartered. Inconsistent with the prior studies, our findings show that companies headquartered in provinces with high social capital pay higher audit fees. Given that Iranian firms are under heavy financial pressure due to economic sanctions, those companies located in areas with higher social capital likely have abused the high level of trust that auditors and other groups in the market have in them and participated in earnings manipulation to mask their weak financial performance. Among the various components of IC, we found strong evidence that employed capital efficiency (ECE) and audit costs correlated positively. In short, this paper sheds light on the fact that severe financial pressures on managers may sometimes lead them to take advantage of the dark side of social capital and intellectual capital when preparing financial reports.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility, Family Ownership on Tax Avoidance: The Effect of Audit Quality Moderation

Large tax receipts are essential for every country for its growth and development but it’s constrained by the fact that some people are not willing to pay taxes voluntarily and deliberately avoid tax in various ways. This research aims to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility, family ownership and audit quality on tax avoidance. This research also investigates whether audit quality can affect the causal relation of family ownership to tax avoidance. This research was conducted using non-financial firms. Total of sample that have met all the criteria was 158 companies which was registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period of 2015-2019. Data obtained were tested with panel regression. Regression analysis results reveal that corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance are positively associated, corporation with high corporate social responsibility disclosure are less likely to engage in tax avoidance. Family ownership, on the other hand, affects tax avoidance negatively which means that family firms engage in more tax avoidance than non-family firms. Audit quality has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance but does not affect the relationship of family ownership to tax avoidance.

Quality Management System Practices Performed in Engineering Educational Institutions: Analysis of Indian Universities

The purpose of this research is to examine the quality management system (QMS) practices in ISO 9001 certified engineering educational institutes (EEIs) in India. According to the literature, QMS in engineering education is primarily concerned with teaching, learning, examinations, student results, and infrastructure. In terms of organizational effectiveness, very few studies mentioned QMS. A QMS analysis was performed on forty-five EEIs located in the Delhi NCR region of India, and two groups of institutions were chosen based on the number of years they had been in operation. Data was collected from forty-five engineering educational institutions using a questionnaire-based instrument. The questionnaire was created with the help of QMS constructs (ten factors), institutions, and quality measures recommended by India's national board of accreditation-NBA. To validate the measuring instrument and determine the student t-test and p-value, the data was analysed using SPSS 26.0 software. The author discovered that group-b institutions received significantly higher scores in variables such as top management commitment, systemic management approach, customer satisfaction, employee engagement, training, teamwork, performance development, corporate social responsibility, academic culture, and knowledge audit when compared to group-a institutions. The study also revealed the institutional QMS's strong and weak points, highlighting the critical need to incorporate ISO 9001:2015-based QMS practises for institutional continuous improvement.

The concept and importance of social audit for sustainable community development

Social audit and social responsibility have become the focus of sustainable community development to address risk and sustainability challenges. Social audit involves an official review of the company's procedures and codes of conduct regarding social responsibility and community impact. Social audit involves assessing how many companies achieve sustainable development goals. In practice, an increasing number of accountants and auditors are faced with the notion of social auditing. It covers the analysis of non-financial aspects and business risks, both in the private and public sectors. This paper aims to highlight the importance and contribution of social audit through risk analysis, and environmental and social aspects for sustainable community development. The content and implementation of social audit have similar objectives as the financial audit of operations, but social audit is specifically and additionally focused on the performance and operation of organizations that are not necessarily financial in nature. Some elements of the implementation of the social audit process are increasingly present in the implementation of due diligence, but the social audit as a whole is still conducted separately. Social audit has an active and important role in achieving social responsibility and sustainable development.

Conscientization on Techniques of the Social Audit towards the Implementation of the Village Development Program

Through the social audit, villagers can control, supervise, and evaluate certain development programs or activities that have been implemented by the village government, because social audit can be positioned as a variant of public participation oriented towards the realization of democratic governance. This critical learning facilitation was held in the context of social awareness to expand the understanding of villagers about social audit techniques based on principles, benefits, and ideal stages while at the same time fostering the commitment of the village government to apply the principles of transparency and accountability in development management, including providing access to information disclosure related to the village planning and budgeting documents so that it can be known by the citizens as a whole. This community service activity involved dozens of residents and the village government officials as participants and was carried out during March 2018 in the Rabakodo Village, Woha District, Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province by applying special learning methods in the form of various lectures to convey the conceptual substance of social audit that must be understood by program participants, as well as practices to demonstrate the social audit work process that can be directly observed and practised by them. These facilitation activities produce outputs in the form of recommendations from residents to the village government so that (1) public participation in the planning-budgeting process, including the activities in the field of village development, community building, and community empowerment must be provided in large portions by the village government for the sake of democratic and inclusive management of the village development; (2) The village government must act transparently and responsively to the needs of the residents, and prioritize a persuasive approach when facing their demands; and (3) villagers must always actively participate in all stages of the village development management, especially in planning, budgeting, implementing, and monitoring phases.

СОЦІАЛЬНИЙ АУДИТ З УРАХУВАННЯМ КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ

Social auditing activities include organizational and methodological support of the audit, practical implementation of audits (audit) and the provision of other audit services. Social audit is a set of measures aimed at changing and improving the process of providing specific services and implementing specific public policies. The main thing in social audit is not the research itself (although this does not eliminate the need for its clear and methodologically correct planning), but the involvement of stakeholders in active activities: service users, policy beneficiaries, government agencies, public opinion leaders and more. We can even say that research within the social audit is a kind of "occasion" for the activation of a community. Social programs help build an image and enhance the reputation of the business and, thus, are long-term investments in intangible assets of the company. In Ukraine, the increased interest of private business in social relations is due to the fact that today human resources have become a decisive factor in economic development. Investments in human capital have entered the category of "profitable". The social function of entrepreneurship is now increasingly determining the economic function (profit). This article examines the main problem of measuring corporate social activity of the enterprise. Corporate social activity is a multifaceted process that affects many actors and is therefore difficult to assess. In addition, companies differ in type of activity, industry affiliation, size, etc. The choice of how to measure corporate social activity plays a key role in researching its relationship to financial performance. In reality, falling incomes and social responsibility of corporations plays an important role in marginalizing a large part of Ukraine's population. Highest The level of internal social responsibility of Ukrainian enterprises, in particular, is observed among large companies, as they are under close scrutiny. Media and stakeholders. In the context of exacerbation of socio-economic and political problems, the topic of social responsibility of enterprises is now a topical issue of management and social development in Ukraine.

The Challenges and Predicaments of Doing Embedded Fieldwork in Sociology: Shifting Roles of a Researcher in the Study of Social Compliance Audit

This paper seeks to recount the challenges and predicaments of doing fieldwork in the discipline of sociology with the central focus on ethnographic techniques of data collection. The paper is based on the specific challenges encountered by the researcher while doing the study of Social Compliance Audit (SCA). This paper draws from two bouts of fieldwork; each very different from the other. My first encounter is with the practice of SCA as a graduate of sociology, working in the corporate sector as a social compliance auditor. My second as a scholar enrolled for PhD program researching on social compliance audit. The two locations offered very different vantage points of enquiry. As an auditor, my brief was laid out; a given whose protocols I had to follow. SCA was a known and necessary entity for the managerial staff in the garment industry. As a PhD scholar I realized it was virtually unknown in the academic community of sociology, even within studies on labor. There are two clear challenges that I faced while conducting fieldwork for my PhD. One, that SCA was relatively unfamiliar as an object for sociological enquiry. And two, the predicaments of doing qualitative research on sites and people who had their own ideas of how SCA ought to be studies. Here, the field encountered is analysed as a method of knowledge production and the ethnographer is placed at the centre of drama.

СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ БІЗНЕСУ: ОБЛІК ТА АУДИТ В УМОВАХ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Every year the requirements for enterprises to conduct socially responsible activities are growing, not only on the part of government agencies, but also on the part of consumers themselves. Socially responsible activity acquires the features of a global concept, within which key ideas and a new format of doing business are defined. Moreover, only within the social orientation of enterprises are able to ensure their sustainable development. In this case, for the effective implementation of social responsibility in the practice of doing business, managers need to have complete and timely information about the social measures taken and the impact of their implementation not only on the activities of the enterprise but also on society as a whole. This is possible through the accounting and audit of social responsibility, which determines the relevance of research. The scientific article considers the essence of corporate social responsibility, as well as current trends in its field. The essence and role of social accounting in achieving high efficiency of socially responsible activities are outlined. The components of social accounting with the subsequent disclosure of each of them are schematically reflected. The normative-legal base, which is guided by the subjects of social accounting, is studied. Working accounts for keeping records of social responsibility in terms of social and environmental activities have been identified. The order of accounting of operations which cannot be estimated in cost expression is established. The role of social responsibility audit in identifying potential threats to a favorable social climate is presented. The subjects and object of the social responsibility audit have been identified. The sources of information for the audit and its key tasks are outlined. The order of registration of working documents of the auditor is analyzed. The basis of the problem faced by the audit of social responsibility in Ukraine is generalized, the directions of increase of its efficiency are defined.

Social auditing in the supply chain: business legitimisation strategy rather than a change agent

Social auditing in the supply chain: business legitimisation strategy rather than a change agent

VoIP security auditing model based on COBIT 4.1

The article justifies the need for a specific model of VoIP security auditing that evaluates the incidence of security problems and addresses the challenges in terms of protecting IT resources. The current VoIP security problems are determined based on the analysis of auditing frameworks, and a model based on COBIT 4.1 is proposed to address these problems. As an innovation, the model includes the security culture plan and social engineering from the approach of the user as an IT service customer. In this work, we present the validation of the surveys using Cronbach's alpha and the results of the statistical average of the surveys applied to experts in social engineering and security auditing in VoIP. The proposed VoIP security auditing model, called VoIPSAM, considers four domains – plan and organise, acquire and implement, delivery and support. and monitor and evaluate – which consider specific security policies for its application.

КОРПОРАТИВНА СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА

In the modern world corporate social responsibility is becoming a new business philosophy, according to which companies focus their activities not only on making profits, but also on achieving public welfare and maintaining environmental stability. The focus is on everything – development paths and reputation, payment of taxes and financial stability, lobbyism and corrupt relations, environmental impact projects and climate change, education and philanthropy, public projects and social initiatives. The authors argue that businesses with corporate social responsibility initiatives can gain a competitive advantage in foreign markets at the expense of public image or reputation and generate higher profits. That is why corporate social responsibility of business should be considered as the main condition for the formation of sustainable development strategy of international entrepreneurship. The article reveals the essence of corporate social responsibility and its influence on the activity of enterprise, defines the peculiarities of realization of corporate social responsibility by Ukrainian enterprises and obstacles on the way of corporate social responsibility of business to ensure the development of its international business activity. Conditions, in which the corporate social responsibility of business in Ukraine was formed in the new conditions of economic management and development of its internationalization are considered separately. Despite the prevalence of socially responsible business, there are real obstacles to the implementation of corporate social responsibility in the enterprise: the lack of awareness of stakeholders; lack of financial resources; lack of value of its reputation; lack of social audit; lack of interest of senior management. Ways of implementing and supporting corporate social responsibility of business to ensure sustainable development in international business activities are substantiated. Presented recommendations on state regulation of corporate social responsibility of business at the present stage of its development in Ukraine and in international entrepreneurial activity

Penilaian Dampak Investasi Sosial Pelaksanaan CSR PT Catur Elang Perkasa Menggunakan Metode Social Return On Investment (SROI)

Social Return On Investment analysis is a process of measuring social return values produced by an organization based on cost-benefit analysis, social accounting and social audit. PT Catur Elang Perkasa is a company who actively implementing CSR programs. This study aims to analyze the impact of social investment from the implementation of CSR program by calculating the value of the SROI ratio and the value of financial achievements. The type of data used are primary data and secondary data. The analytical method used is the SROI analysis method consists of six stages analysis. The results showed an SROI ratio of 1.56: 1 means that for every Rp1 invested, produced a social return value of Rp1.56. The value of financial achievements of this research is Rp294 037 274 out of the total input value of Rp188 485 432. The results showed that PT Catur Elang Perkasa has succeeded in creating a social impact that provides benefits to its stakeholders because it has produced a positive SROI ratio.