Soap Products Research Articles

Formulasi sabun karika (Carica pubescens) sebagai sabun kecantikan dan kesehatan

Soap is a mixture of sodium compounds with fatty acids that are used as a body cleansing agent, in the form of solid, foam, with or without other additives and does not cause irritation to the skin. To improve quality, bath soap can be given additional ingredients that contain vitamins and various nutrients needed by the skin such as the addition of extracts of karika fruit (Carica pubescens). The purpose of this research is to find out the right formulation in making karika soap. This research used an experimental method with randomized block design (RCBD), consisting of two factorial variations in the concentration of karika juice (0%, 100%, 80%, 60%) and variations in the concentration of NaOH (30%, 35%, and 40% ) so that 12 treatments were obtained each with 3 replications. The process of making soap uses the hot process method. Soap quality analysis is carried out by comparing the results of chemical tests for karika soap with SNI 06-3532-1994 (SNI for solid bath soap), foam stability test, soap hardness, and organoleptic test. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence interval of 5%. If an effect is found on one of the variebel, a further Tukey test is performed. The results showed that the water content, pH, and free alkali did not meet SNI, while the amount of fatty acids and mineral oil was in accordance with SNI, the significant difference between treatments was only in the water content. Karika soap has abundant and stable foam. The higher concentration of karika juice make the lower hardness of the soap. Organoleptic test results showed a low level of preference for panelists on karika soap products. The suggestion from this research is that karika juice can be tried to applied it in the liquid bath.

Ọsẹ Dúdú: Exploring the Benefits of Yoruba Indigenous Black Soap in Southwest, Nigeria

This study explored the benefits of the production, sale, and consumption of Indigenous black soap (ọsẹ dúdú) in southwest Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 71 participants from Oyo, Ogun, and Lagos states. Participants were extensively interviewed, and their responses were analyzed and placed into themes. The study found certain economic- and health-related benefits attached to the production, sale, and consumption of black soap. These benefits could help drive sustainable development in Indigenous communities in Nigeria and the model could be used in Indigenous communities in other countries. Ọsẹ dúdú was also a major ingredient, in conjunction with other herbs, in medicines that were perceived to have important health benefits. Policy recommendations are suggested.

Investigation of the Physiochemical Properties of Beauty Soaps Available in Pakistan

Abstract This study is aimed to examine the quality of beauty soap bars available to the consumers in Pakistan. A range of soap bars manufactured by local small-scale manufacturers from Pakistan were analyzed for their physiochemical properties such as pH, foaming, total fatty substances, matter insoluble in alcohol, free fatty acids, total alkali and moisture contents. The quality of the Pakistani local soap brands was compared to that of imported soaps or those made by multi-national conglomerates. The products were examined following the national standards set by Pakistan standards and quality control authority (PSQCA). The results showed that pH and total alkali level in the local beauty soaps was ((9,40–9,75) ± 0,03) and ((0,100–0,120) ± 0,02). The values of other physiochemical properties were: total fat matter ((62–71) % ± 0,50) %), matter insoluble in alcohol ((15–21) % ± 0,32 %), free fatty acid ((0,05–0,275) % ± 0,01 %) and moisture content ((10–16) % ± 0,50 %). The results demonstrate that Pakistani locally made soap products showed a relatively low amount of total fatty matter as defined by PSQCA and are required to improve their quality in terms of total fat matter. The products made by multi-national companies were superior for most of the examined features.

ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MUTU SABUN TRANSPARAN BEKATUL BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara) BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK GORENG BEKAS

ABSTRACT
 The free radicals exposure from daily activities can cause the damage the skin, therefore to avoid
 this damage effect can use antioxidants compounds . Brown rice bran is rice milling waste which
 has high antioxidant with IC50 is 43,2349 ppm. Efforts to increase the economic value of rice bran
 high in antioxidant compounds is by processing rice bran into transparent soap products. This
 research was conducted to analyze the quality characteristics of transparent red rice bran soap
 (Oryza nivara) based on used cooking oil. The quality characteristics of transparent rice soap
 which includes organoleptic soap, pH, foam power, free alkali, and water content. The data were
 analyzed descriptively by comparing the results of research with SNI 06-3532 -1994
 Based on the results of the study obtained the results of the characteristics of soap that meets the
 quality characteristics of SNI 06-3532-1994 soap requirements with a pH of 10,2 , foam power of
 2,54 cm, free alkali of 0,034%, and 3,85% moisture content.
 Keywords : transparent soap, brown rice bran, used cooking oil, solid soap quality characteristics

Optimization Methods for the Extraction of Vegetable Oils: A Review

Most seed oils are edible while some are used generally as raw material for soap production, chocolate, margarine, and recently in biodiesel formulations as potential candidates capable of replacing fossil fuels which are costly and destructive to the environment. Oilseeds are a green and major reservoir which when properly exploited can be used sustainably for the production of chemicals at both the laboratory and industrial scales. Oil extraction is one of the most critical steps in seed oil processing because it determines the quality and quantity of oil extracted. Optimization of the extraction conditions for each extraction method enhances yield and quality meanwhile a carefully chosen optimization process equally has the potential of saving time and heat requirements with an associated consequence on cost reduction of the entire process. In this review, the techniques used to optimize oil extraction from plant materials which can be consulted by stakeholders in the field are brought to focus and the merits and demerits of these methods highlighted. Additionally, different types of optimization techniques used for various processes including modeling and the software employed in the optimization processes are discussed. Finally, the quality of the oil as affected by the methods of extraction and the optimization process used are also presented.

Characterization of liquid soap from castor oil (Ricinus communis) with the addition of white tea extracts

Soap is needed by all people to keep their bodies clean and healthy. Castor oil is one of the concerning plant oil that is produced from the kernel of castor plant that has the ingredients of ricinoleic acid and could make our skin become smooth. White tea contains polyphenol as the main ingredient. This research aimed to determine the quality of castor oil-based liquid soap based on SNI. The method used in this research was laboratory experimental using descriptive analysis and correlation-regression analysis. The treatments were the addition of white tea extract with 1% (v/v) concentration in amount of 0% (w/v), 0.5% (w/v), 1% (w/v), 1.5% (w/v), and 2% (w/v) out of 300 grams soap basis. The observation for liquid soaps included specific weight test, pH value test, total plate count test, organoleptic test, and antibacterial test. The analysis result showed that every formula complies with the requirement based on SNI 06–4085–1996 of liquid soap. The best soap product based on panelist preference from organoleptic test and the antibacterial test was liquid soap E with inhibition zone in the amount of 15.810 mm that is classified as a strong inhibition, specific weight of 1.0350 g/g, pH value of 9.653, and total plate count of 0.5 x 105 colonies/g.

English

Palm oil is commonly used to prepare laundry soap by treating it with alkaline solutions. However, using it for this purpose is becoming expensive as palm oil is imported from few major exerting countries. Moreover, it is used for biodiesel production. Therefore, looking for alternative raw material that substitutes palm oil for soap production is imperative. Used cooking oils (UCOs) are good candidates in this regard. In the present study, laundry soaps were prepared using UCOs and sodium hydroxide solution. The cleaning actions and physicochemical properties were evaluated and compared with that commercial soaps purchased from local market. The pH, moisture content, free caustic alkali, % chloride and total alkali content values of the prepared soap materials were found to be in range of 9.31 to 10.56, 6.67 to 14.47%, 0.19 to 0.22%, 0.12 to 0.21%, 0.78 to 1.09%, 75.42 to 88.53%, 70.35 to 84.68%, 0.98 to 1.52%, and 0.28 to 0.67%, respectively. The results obtained in this study were comparable with the physicochemical properties of the commercial soap products used in the study. Moreover, the observed data were comparable with similar data reported in literature and East African Standards (EAS) suggesting that UCOs can be used as raw materials to prepare good quality laundry soap by replacing imported palm oil. Key words: Laundry soap, used cooking oil, saponification, physicochemical properties, saponification.

Ürün Tercihlerini Etkileyen Ambalaj Tasarım Faktörlerinin Kısmi Yarar Konjoint Analizi İle Belirlenmesi: Organik Sabun Ürünü Üzerine Bir Çalışma

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of different packaging designs on consumer purchase intention and to determine the most effective packaging design. For this purpose, different factors in the packaging design are determined and the effect of each factor on the consumers’ purchase intentions is investigated. In this study, the factors of the packaging design are the shape, color of the packaging and the writing style on it. In order to determine the most important factor of the packaging design, which affects the consumers’ purchase intentions, online survey method is applied and data are collected. Different packaging designs are generated and the respondents are asked to rate the different design combinations according to their purchase intention. Data are analyzed by part-worth conjoint analysis method. As a result, the packaging design, which has an effect on consumers’ preferences and purchase intentions and has the highest importance rate, has been determined for the organic soap product. It has been analyzed whether the benefit factor differs according to the demographic characteristics of the participants. Additionally, the market segments obtained by benefit-based segmentation, one of the market segmentation methods, are also investigated in this study.

Detection of the frequency of microbial defilement “in-use” soap products at various dental departments: A microbiological research

Context: Hand washing by a dental health professional before having contact with a patient's oral cavity is considered a fundamental dental clinic infection control measure. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate bar soap and liquid soap from dental departments for microbial contamination while it was in use. Settings and Design: This exploratory, cross-sectional study was carried out to identify microorganisms' presence in handwashing with liquid and bar soap at clinical and nonclinical departments in a dental college. Subjects and Methods: In the 2-month study period, all the dental students, dental faculty, and the other auxiliaries present were the participants, and a total of 35 handwashing place samples from 15 different dental departments were collected. The test tube samples of bar soap and liquid soap were all transferred to the microbiology laboratory for microbiological analysis of the samples. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using a one-sample paired t-test and independent Student's t-test. Results: Nine different microbial species were identified. In both soaps, the abundance of Staphylococcus aureus was higher as compared to that of other microorganisms. Further, in both soaps, the mean number of microorganisms increased statistically significantly (P 0.05) between the two groups (soaps). Conclusions: The microbial load of the in-use bar soap and liquid soap constituted a mixed flora of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, aerobes, anaerobes, and fungi. The results indicate that the bar soap under “in-use” condition harbors more of microorganisms as compared to that of liquid soap, and handwashing with such a soap may lead to the spread of infection.

Discharge quality of bathroom greywater effects on soil and treatment by solar water distillation

Direct discharge of bathroom greywater (BGW) with high content of chemical derivatives from soap and detergent products may alter the receiving environment. Therefore, this research was undertaken to study the quality and effects of BGW and treat the BGW by solar water distillation (SWD). Three samples of BGW were taken at the study area and designated as House A, House B, and House C. Testing of the soil was conducted prior to the irrigation using greywater to specify the soil characteristics. Towards the end of this study, chemical properties of the soil (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of the soil were determined. SWD treatment was tested for pH, biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD), chemical Oxygen demand (COD) and total Suspended Solid (TSS) of the BGW. The pH of the soil before irrigation was 3.22 ± 0.02 and increased to 4.06 ± 0.12, 4.32 ± 0.09, and 4.67 ± 0.05 after irrigation with BGW from House A, B, and C respectively. The highest EC (756 ± 5.68 µs/cm) was found in the BGW from House A, indicating the presence of high range of salt content. For saturated hydraulic conductivity; tap water recorded the highest value of 51.88 cm/h, followed by 24.24 cm/h, 31.12 cm/h, and 45.01 cm/h for irrigation with BGW from House A, B, and C respectively. For CEC, ESP, and SAR, it was found that the BGW from House A recorded the highest values compared to others, with values of 0.835 meq/100gm, 36.41%, and 10.73 respectively. Treatment of BGW with SWD shows the highest removal percentage BOD is 60%, COD is 72.2%, TSS is 64.7%. Hence, the use of SWD has a good potential to enhance the quality of the BGW before directly discharged to the water bodies.

Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Extract as a Natural Antimicrobial Agent in Hand-Washing Liquid Soap

Synthetic antimicrobial agents, like triclosan, used in many cosmetics are now associated with serious health problems, beginning with skin irritation to cancer. This calls for alternative antimicrobial agents. Many plant extracts have the potential to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and perhaps kill them and thus can serve as alternative antimicrobial agents in cosmetic formulations. To demonstrate this, a hand-washing liquid soap was prepared in the presence of varying concentrations of aloe vera extract and tested in-vitro against common skin microbes. First, a liquid soap paste was prepared by saponifying a vegetable oil blend containing olive oil (80.0 %w/w), coconut oil (14.3 %w/w) and castor oil (5.7 %w/w) with aqueous KOH solution (22.5 %w/w) at a relatively high temperature (200 °C). Second, the soap paste was diluted with distilled water in the presence of varying concentrations (0 to 66.67 %w/w) of aloe vera extract to obtain hand-washing liquid soap samples, with the extract acting as an antimicrobial agent. Third, the liquid soap solutions were characterised in terms of foaming, wetting and cleansing abilities and the ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the fungus Aspergillus flavus. These were compared with those of a commercial (Astonish) hand-washing liquid soap sample containing triclosan (0.1 %w/w) as an antimicrobial agent. The liquid soap solutions exhibited excellent foaming, wetting and cleansing abilities, similar to the commercial liquid soap solution. In addition, the liquid soap solutions gave an average zone of inhibition between 9.0±0.3 mm and 11.0±0.2 mm for S. aureus, 7.0±0.1 mm and 10.0±0.2 mmfor P. aeruginosa and also inhibited the growth of the fungus A. flavus. These results compare favourably ( p= 0.05)with the commercial liquid soap solution, which gave an average inhibition zone of 9.00±1 mmfor both bacteria and also inhibited the growth of the fungus. This indicates that aloe vera extract can be used as an antimicrobial agent in the formulation of antimicrobial hand-washing liquid soap and other related products, rather than synthetic agents which are inherently harmful.

ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MUTU SABUN TRANSPARAN BEKATUL BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara) BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK GORENG BEKAS

ABSTRACT
 The free radicals exposure from daily activities can cause the damage the skin, therefore to avoid
 this damage effect can use antioxidants compounds . Brown rice bran is rice milling waste which
 has high antioxidant with IC50 is 43,2349 ppm. Efforts to increase the economic value of rice bran
 high in antioxidant compounds is by processing rice bran into transparent soap products. This
 research was conducted to analyze the quality characteristics of transparent red rice bran soap
 (Oryza nivara) based on used cooking oil. The quality characteristics of transparent rice soap
 which includes organoleptic soap, pH, foam power, free alkali, and water content. The data were
 analyzed descriptively by comparing the results of research with SNI 06-3532 -1994
 Based on the results of the study obtained the results of the characteristics of soap that meets the
 quality characteristics of SNI 06-3532-1994 soap requirements with a pH of 10,2 , foam power of
 2,54 cm, free alkali of 0,034%, and 3,85% moisture content.
 Keywords : transparent soap, brown rice bran, used cooking oil, solid soap quality characteristics

Satapang Beauty (Produk Sabun Talas Jepang/Satoimo)

Japanese taro (Satoimo) is one type of plant rich in carbohydrate content, which is good for human health. Therefore, this food crop is also a staple food of Japanese society, because it is believed to provide very good benefits for the body. In Indonesia, nowadays there have been a lot of Japanese taro or satoimo cultivation. In addition to the content contained in Japanese taro plants for health benefits, Japanese taro can also be processed into a variety of products, such as chips, juice, ice cream, dry pastries, croquettes, pudding, handbody, shampoo, and soap products that are all made from satoimo. In addition to having a good content if consumed, Japanese taro is also useful for beauty ingredients. Armed with knowledge and creativity, students are inspired to create a business unit that produces Japanese taro-based soap. It is hoped that through the support of the supervisor, it will be integrated into an Entrepreneurial Student Program (PMW-Unhas) and this business is expected to grow and develop. The problem is how students sharpen their talents and interests as entrepreneurs, understand and take advantage of market opportunities for these products. The objectives of making this business are: (1) building soft skills or entrepreneurial character; (2) develop new entrepreneurs who are highly educated and have the mindset of creating jobs; (3) encourage the growth, development or formation of institutions (units / centers) for managing entrepreneurship programs in universities. The method of implementation includes: (1) revealing the ability of human resources, especially in the founders and business actors; (2) delivering information material through social media about matters relating to Japanese taro and satoimo soap; (3) disclosing the development of production and potential supporting factors for increasing production and improving the quality of satoimo soap products. The assistance results show that, (1) Human resources founding the satoimo soap innovator have decent potential and strong motivation in running the business, even though they are still students; (2) Japanese taro-based products can serve as a place to introduce products and can be channeled through various social media so that it is very important as information for the community; (3) This business venture begins to experience growth and is known by the community. The characteristics of Japanese taro as one of the basic ingredients in making natural soaps are rich in nutrients and nutrients that are good for health and the body. It can be concluded that producing Japanese taro satoimo soap is very potential to be developed.Keywords: Satoimo Soap, Talas Japan, PKM-CSR

Local community empowerment in developing processing of cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum burmannii) as a skin care material

This study aims to determine the cooperative relationship of farmer groups who cultivate cinnamon plants and do cinnamon distillation to obtain essential oils with the support of private business communities in the village of Cijalu Curug, Subang, West Java. The data of this study were obtained through surveys and interviews with 30 respondents from farming communities in Curug Cijalu village. To complete the information, it was also observed the process of community empowerment to improve forest ecosystems with productive crops and training in the distillation process with marketing management by the private sector. Data sources use primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation. The technique of checking the validity of the data uses the source triangulation technique. Data analysis includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The data obtained, carried out an analysis to find out the description of the effectiveness of community empowerment and the private sector in order to improve the welfare of farmers and preserve the forest environment to remain sustainable. Cinnamon essential oil containing cinnamaldehyde (60.72%), eugenol (17.62%) and coumarin (13.39%) functions as an antibacterial and can treat skin due to polluted air environment. Cinnamon essential oil can be used as a cream and soap ingredient. Soap and cream products can be used for skin care. Cinnamon trees are widely planted in the Subang area of West Java. The results of the study show that a. through steam distillation, cinnamon essential oil is obtained, b. cinnamon tree waste such as leaves can be processed distillation into essential oils, c. Local people can practice processing essential oils as a result of training, and d. The community can develop the business of processing cinnamon essential oil independently, so that it can be used to add value to family income.

Model of Brand Salience of Consumer Skincare Soap Products

Brand salience is the eminence of a brand in the consumer memory and is linked to the brand choice and purchase by consumers. Brand salience is the brand’s propensity to get noticed and influenced by consumers in buying situations. This research is aimed at proposing a model of brand salience for fast-moving consumer goods products, which incorporates brand awareness, brand salience, and brand image leading to the purchase intention. Brand awareness was measured with the dimensions of brand knowledge, brand recall, and brand association. Results of the data analysis conducted using partial least square method with structured equation modelling found empirical evidence of a model of brand salience where there was a significant relationship between brand salience and purchase intention. It was found that predominant brand awareness and brand image substantiated to building brand salience. The evidence supported building a primary brand salience to build the depth and breadth of the brand’s associations in consumer memory. The practical implication of the study is that a marketer can build sufficient brand salience; it increases the probability of purchase intention, which in turn is the most important aspect for any company to increase product sales through enhanced customer equity, customer loyalty, and relationship marketing.

Esterification of Free Fatty Acids with Glycerol within the Biodiesel Production Framework

Companies in the field of the collection and treatment of waste cooking oils (WCO) for subsequent biodiesel production usually have to cope with high acidity oils, which cannot be directly transformed into fatty acid methyl esters due to soap production. Since glycerine is the main byproduct of biodiesel production, these high acidity oils could be esterified with the glycerine surplus to transform the free fatty acids (FFA) into triglycerides before performing the transesterification. In this work, commercial glycerol was esterified with commercial fatty acids and commercial fatty acid/lampante olive oil mixtures over tin (II) chloride. In the first set of experiments, the esterification of linoleic acid with glycerol excess from 20 to 80% molar over the stoichiometric was performed. From 20% glycerol excess, there was no improvement in FFA reduction. Using 20% glycerol excess, the performance of a biochar obtained from heavy metal-contaminated plant roots was compared to that of SnCl2. Then, the effect of the initial FFA content was assessed using different oleic acid/lampante olive oil mixtures. The results illustrated that glycerolysis was impeded at initial FFA contents lower than 10%. Finally, the glycerolysis of a WCO with 9.94% FFA was assayed, without success.

The Role of Environmental Evaluation within Circular Economy: An Application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method in the Detergents Sector

Abstract The present work aims to analyse the environmental advantages of a production process that applies circular economy. The study examines a product that is generated through the use of a certain percentage of recovered secondary materials, thus helping to avoid impacts related to the disposal of these materials and preserving the ecosystems from indiscriminate excessive natural resources extraction. The product analysed is an ecological detergent (“Ri-Detersivo” – Re-Detergent), produced by the company Tea Natura, mainly composed of regenerated vegetable oils coming from food industry. The methodology used in this paper is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). A partial LCA will be carried out here, arriving at the saponification phase, and comparing the environmental impacts deriving from the Re-Detergent production process with those of a traditional soap, comparable to that studied in terms of function. The analysis of the case study found that the use of regenerated vegetable oils for the production of soap allows to significantly reduce the environmental impacts compared to the use of coconut oil imported from third countries.

INCOME IMPACT OF PASTORALIST WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN ALOE VERA SOAP PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

Commercial opportunity for indigenous Aloe Vera products appear to be increasing as there is a sustained demand from international as well as African market with high participation of women. However, its income impact on the livelihood of household is not yet addressed. Therefore, this study evaluated the income impact of pastoralist women participation in Aloe Vera soap production in Yabello district, Borana zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were collected from 200 sample households using semi-structured questionnaire. To analyse the data both descriptive and inferential statistics and Propensity Score Matching model were applied. The Propensity Score Matching was applied the required matching processes, covariate balancing and sensitivity analysis tests. The result shows that participation of women in Aloe Vera soap production has insignificant result with impact on household income. However, the propensity score matching also indicates average treatment effect on treated income is 45.693 Birr. Result of sensitivity analysis further shows that the estimated effects are insensitive to unobserved selection bias within gamma level used. Thus, Aloe Vera soap production should be encouraged for the pastoralist social wellbeing.

Utilization of Limed Flesh Through Fat Extraction and Soap Preparation

Leather industry is an export oriented industry in Bangladesh and according to the Export Promotion Bureau, in the fiscal year 2017–2018 leather sector earned US$1.03 billion by exporting leather, leather products, and footwear [1] . But it is a matter of great concern that this industry produces lots of pollution which impacts on our environment immensely. Normally thousands of kg raw cattle hide converts into 200kg finished leather [2]. Leather processing (tanning) is a complex procedure comprising of several technological steps to shield the raw hide/skin against microbiological degradation as well as to stabilize collagen with defined tanning agents which produce a significant amount of waste. Wastes originate from all stages of leather manufacturing, such as tiny particles, residues from various tanning stages and reagents from different waste liquors comprising of cuttings of raw hides and skins , trimmings and shavings, fleshing residues, solid hair debris [3]. In this conversion process the amount of total solid waste produces is about 450-550kg. This work is intended to develop a fat extraction method from the limed flashings for soap production. In leather processing, just after washing, following the liming process, swollen pelts (lime treated hide/skin) have to pass through an operation to remove the remaining fat and flesh from the flesh side in order to improve the diffusion of chemicals into pelt is known as fleshing. Generally, fleshings are kept indiscriminately nearly the industrial area as green, which has an adverse effect on the environment including human health. It contains a considerable amount of fat, which could be great source raw materials for soap. The process could be optimized for large scale production, which would be allowed to produce a new product for the commercial use. The approach could also contribute a significant reduction in the environmental impact of inevitable solid waste and decrease the costs associated with disposal.

Utilization of Limed Flesh Through Fat Extraction and Soap Preparation

Leather industry is an export oriented industry in Bangladesh and according to the Export Promotion Bureau, in the fiscal year 2017–2018 leather sector earned US$1.03 billion by exporting leather, leather products, and footwear [1] . But it is a matter of great concern that this industry produces lots of pollution which impacts on our environment immensely. Normally thousands of kg raw cattle hide converts into 200kg finished leather [2]. Leather processing (tanning) is a complex procedure comprising of several technological steps to shield the raw hide/skin against microbiological degradation as well as to stabilize collagen with defined tanning agents which produce a significant amount of waste. Wastes originate from all stages of leather manufacturing, such as tiny particles, residues from various tanning stages and reagents from different waste liquors comprising of cuttings of raw hides and skins , trimmings and shavings, fleshing residues, solid hair debris [3]. In this conversion process the amount of total solid waste produces is about 450-550kg. This work is intended to develop a fat extraction method from the limed flashings for soap production. In leather processing, just after washing, following the liming process, swollen pelts (lime treated hide/skin) have to pass through an operation to remove the remaining fat and flesh from the flesh side in order to improve the diffusion of chemicals into pelt is known as fleshing. Generally, fleshings are kept indiscriminately nearly the industrial area as green, which has an adverse effect on the environment including human health. It contains a considerable amount of fat, which could be great source raw materials for soap. The process could be optimized for large scale production, which would be allowed to produce a new product for the commercial use. The approach could also contribute a significant reduction in the environmental impact of inevitable solid waste and decrease the costs associated with disposal.