SNS Systems Research Articles

Survey of the Behaviors and Willingness of Chinese Travelers in a Coastal Area to Visit Japan under the Zero Covid-19 Policy

This research aimed to evaluate the current attitudes of Chinese travelers. We conducted a survey of Chinese tourists traveling in China’s coastal area under the national Zero Covid-19 Policy. The surveys were conducted during two periods: the first was from September 28-October 7, 2022; the second from October 29-November 16, 2022. Both took place before China announced national Covid-19 tolerance in December 2022. All participants were interviewed face-to-face using a questionnaire created by our research team. The results of correspondence analyses revealed the following. Chinese travelers were somewhat indifferent about traveling during the Covid-19 restrictions, especially groups 20–29 and 30–39 years old. On the other hand, the Covid-19 restrictions appeared to have less effect on those under 20 years old. In imagining the after-Covid-19 era, although those 30–39 were willing to travel to Japan, those 20–29 were neutral about the idea. Although familiarity with the Tohoku area, especially Iwate Prefecture, was very low among Chinese travelers according to the results, we assume their willingness to visit Miyako City in Iwate Prefecture is rather high. To promote Chinese interest in the tourist resources of Miyako City, we assume that it would be better to use popular Chinese SNS systems such as Weibo, WeChat, and TikTok, rather than popular Japanese SNS systems.

AtomVision: A Machine Vision Library for Atomistic Images.

Computer vision techniques have immense potential for materials design applications. In this work, we introduce an integrated and general-purpose AtomVision library that can be used to generate and curate microscopy image (such as scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy) data sets and apply a variety of machine learning techniques. To demonstrate the applicability of this library, we (1) establish an atomistic image data set of about 10 000 materials with large structural and chemical diversity, (2) develop and compare convolutional and atomistic line graph neural network models to classify the Bravais lattices, (3) demonstrate the application of fully convolutional neural networks using U-Net architecture to pixelwise classify atom versus background, (4) use a generative adversarial network for super resolution, (5) curate an image data set on the basis of natural language processing using an open-access arXiv data set, and (6) integrate the computational framework with experimental microscopy images for Rh, Fe3O4, and SnS systems. The AtomVision library is available at https://github.com/usnistgov/atomvision.

Comparing Full and Pre-Term Neonates' Heart Rate Variability in Rest Condition and during Spontaneous Interactions with Their Parents at Home.

Preterm neonates show decreased HRV compared to those at full-term. We compared HRV metrics between preterm and full-term neonates in transfer periods from neonate rest state to neonate-parent interaction, and vice versa. Short-term recordings of the HRV parameters (time and frequency-domain indices and non-linear measurements) of 28 premature healthy neonates were compared with the metrics of 18 full-term neonates. HRV recordings were performed at home at term-equivalent age and HRV metrics were compared between the following transfer periods: from first rest state of the neonate (TI1) to a period in which the neonate interacted with the first parent (TI2), from TI2 to a second neonate rest state (TI3), and from TI3 to a period of neonate interaction with the second parent (TI4). For the whole HRV recording period, PNN50, NN50 and HF (%) was lower for preterm neonates compared to full-terms. These findings support the reduced parasympathetic activity of preterm compared to full-term neonates. The results of comparisons between transfer period simply a common coactivation of SNS and PNS systems for both full and pre-term neonates. Spontaneous interaction with the parent may reinforce both full and pre-term neonates' ANS maturation.

Electron-Beam Induced Transformations of Layered Tin Dichalcogenides

By combining high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and associated analytical methods with first-principles calculations, we study the behavior of layered tin dichalcogenides under electron beam irradiation. We demonstrate that the controllable removal of chalcogen atoms due to electron irradiation, at both room and elevated temperatures, gives rise to transformations in the atomic structure of Sn-S and Sn-Se systems so that new phases with different properties can be induced. In particular, rhombohedral layered SnS2 and SnSe2 can be transformed via electron beam induced loss of chalcogen atoms into highly anisotropic orthorhombic layered SnS and SnSe. A striking dependence of the layer orientation of the resulting SnS-parallel to the layers of ultrathin SnS2 starting material, but slanted for transformations of thicker few-layer SnS2-is rationalized by a transformation pathway in which vacancies group into ordered S-vacancy lines, which convert via a Sn2S3 intermediate to SnS. Absence of a stable Sn2Se3 intermediate precludes this pathway for the selenides, hence SnSe2 always transforms into basal plane oriented SnSe. Our results provide microscopic insights into the transformation mechanism and show how irradiation can be used to tune the properties of layered tin chalcogenides for applications in electronics, catalysis, or energy storage.

AtMe: An Online Multi-tenant Social Networking Service in Campus

Recently, more and more undergraduates have turned Internet to find support and take part in society in campus. However, current SNS systems are not oriented to a specific campus. In this paper, we design an online multi-tenant social networking service in campus, including At Helper and At Society. At Helper aims at improving the success ratio of the help process with a multi-tenant architecture, and At Society provides social services using popular instant messaging mobile application. Both modules change the traditional operation and maintenance to rent services. Besides, the key innovative design, such as multi-tenancy and access-aware data cache, are discussed in detail.

A Practical Framework and Approach for Privacy Issues Concerning Social Networking Sites

networking sites facilitate and develops a virtual community for people to share their thoughts, interest activities or to increase their horizon of camaraderie. With the advancement in Social networking sites or we can refer as online social networks the user can connect to each other. They can share pictures, videos and view to each other. With all these options available on SNS it creates a virtual world for the users. Because of all these reasons growth of SNS in recent years indicates that they are now mainstream communication technology for many people. Social networking sites come under few of the most frequently browsed categories websites in the world. However SNS are also vulnerable to various problems, threats and attacks such as disclosure of information, identity thefts etc. Privacy practices in social networking sites often appear convoluted as information sharing stands in discord with the need to reduce disclosure-related abuses. Facebook is one such most popular and widely used SNS which has its own strong set of Privacy policies. Yet they are also prone to various privacy issues and attacks. In this work we examine the currently existing privacy policies of Facebook since 2013 and then provide with certain new policies that enhance and strengthen the existing ones. We conclude with a discussion of how these findings may be integrated into the design of Facebook like SNS systems to facilitate interaction while enhancing individual privacy. Keywordsnetworking sites (SNS's), Cyber stalking, Cyber bullying

Development of Social Recommendation GIS for Tourist Spots

This study aims to develop a social recommendation media GIS (Geographic Information Systems) specially tailored to recommend tourist spots. The conclusions of this study are summarized in the following three points. (1) Social media GIS, an information system which integrates Web-GIS, SNS and recommendation system into a single system, was conducted in the central part of Yokohama City in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. The social media GIS uses a design which displays its usefulness in reducing the constraints of information inspection, time and space, and continuity, making it possible to redesign systems in accordance with target cases. (2) The social media GIS was operated for two months for members of the general public who are more than 18 years old. The total numbers of users was 98, and the number of pieces of information submitted was 232. (3) The web questionnaires of users showed the usefulness of the integration of Web-GIS, SNS and recommendation systems, because the functions of reference and recommendation can be expected to support tourists’ excursion behavior. Since the access survey of log data showed that about 35% of accesses were from mobile information terminals, it can be said that the preparation of an optimal interface for such terminals was effective.

Analyzing Push Schemes for Social Networking Services in Wireless Networks by Using Monte Carlo Simulations

Social networking services such as Twitter and Facebook have occupied a large portion of our everyday life and it is expected to do so for the time being. SNS systems use both push and pull schemes to deliver contents to users. Regarding the push schemes, there are push N based scheme and timer based scheme. In this paper, we analyze the performance of both schemes by using Monte Carlo simulations and understand their characteristics. We present the simulation results that show the performance under various conditions. Moreover, we find that a weighting factor should be given more emphasis because of its significant impact on the performance. Also, we claim that the former work that analyzed PNS and TPS used wrong assumption that leads to the misconception about PNS.

SURFACE INDUCED ANOMALOUS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

The Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory is recast using a Hamiltonian involving the complete kinetic energy density which requires that the surface energy must contain a term ∇|ψ|2 to support superconducting (SC) states. The GL equations contain two temperature t dependent parameters α(t) and β(t), which are respectively the coefficients of the SC pair density ∝|ψ|2, and the pair interaction term ∝|ψ|4 in the free energy density. The sign of these parameters, which defines distinct solution classes, and the ratio [Formula: see text] are governed by the characteristics of the surface energy density. In addition to the conventional bulk superconducting states with (α < 0, β > 0), anomalous superconducting states exist for all other sign combinations, including cases with β < 0 which may exist only when surface pair interactions are significant. All possible solutions of our generalized nonlinear, one-dimensional GL equations are found analytically and applied to a thin superconducting slab which manifests the possibility of states exhibiting enhanced, diminished, and pre-wetting superconductivity. Critical currents are determined as functions of s(t) and surface parameters. The results are applied to critical current experiments on SNS systems.

Observation of subgap resistive oscillations in doubly connected SNS systems with the suppressed proximity effect

Phase-sensitive magnetoresistive oscillations were observed at temperatures T<4 K in hybrid quasi ballistic doubly connected SNS structures with single-crystal normal spacers of macroscopic sizes in all dimensions (L=100–500 μm) and elastic electron mean free path on the same scale lel∼100 μm. The oscillations observed for the distances corresponding to the indicated L values between the NS interfaces are evidence that the phase-interruption length in pure metal is macroscopic at T<4 K. The oscillation parameters related to the geometry of structures and spacer sizes indicate the quantum nature of the oscillations. These are shown to reflect the behavior of conductance in the NS interfaces with the dissipative coherent transport of “ subgap” quasiparticles with energies e≪Δ, T (Δ is the gap energy).

Mesoscopic quantum oscillations of the resistance in the intermediate state of type-I superconductors

Quantum interference effects in the conductance of SNS systems formed in type-I superconductors in the intermediate state are investigated. The investigation is extended to the SNS system of the intermediate state of indium in a macroscopic hybrid sample with single-crystal copper, for a sample configuration corresponding to a doubly connected “Andreev interferometer.” Quantum oscillations of the resistance are detected in ultrapure samples of Pb, Sn, and In of various geometries and are investigated as a function of temperature, or of critical magnetic field, in the normal regions of domains of the intermediate state. It is shown that the nature of the oscillations observed is analogous to that of the Aharonov–Bohm dissipative oscillations for the ballistic trajectories of coherent excitations near an NS boundary.

Diffusive single and multiply connectedSNS systems with high-transparentinterfaces

We present low-temperature transport measurementson single and multiply connected SNS systems fabricated on thebasis of superconducting polycrystalline PtSi film. Zero biasanomaly (ZBA) and subharmonic energy gap structure (SGS)originating from the proximity effects and the multiple Andreevreflections were observed and carefully studied. It was foundthat the ZBA is not described by any theories developed forSNS junctions with high-transparent NS interface. The value ofexcess conductance and the width of ZBA for single SNSjunction far exceed values predicted by up-to-date theories.The NS interfaces of our SNS junctions are really high-transparent, for superconducting and normal metal parts aremade of the same material. On the other hand, as we have todeal with long diffusive SNS junctions one might expect thatimpurities could provide the conditions for incoherent multipleAndreev reflections.In comparison with single SNS junctions we observe significant narrowing of the ZBA in multiply connected SNS systems:one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional arrays (2D) of SNSjunctions. In 2D arrays an appreciable SGS appears, with up to n = 16(eV = ±2Δ/n) and some numbers being lost. One of themost interesting results obtained on 1D arrays consists in theappearance of symmetrical dips on the dependences dV/dI - Vat dc voltage corresponding to some multiples of Δ/e. Presentedresults show that coherent phenomena governed by Andreevreflection are not self-averaging and are maintained over amacroscopic scale.

Small-angle Neutron Scattering Measurements on SnO2 Particles Suspended in Liquid Sn-S Systems.

Small-angle neutron scattering measurements were carried out on liquid Sn-0.4mol%SnO 2 (solid spherical particle)-1.1 at%S, Sn-0.4mol%SnO 2 and Sn-1.1 at%S systems at 723 K. The scattering intensity for Sn-SnO 2 system is proportional to the parameter, Q -4 , while the scattering intensity for Sn-SnO 2 -S system is lower, showing nearly Q -3 dependence. To analyze them, the scattering intensity has been calculated for Sn-SnO 2 and Sn-SnO 2 -S systems with various particle sizes and thicknesses of the surface layer. For Sn-SnO 2 -S system, the best fit with the experimental data has been obtained for a particle size of 4 μm and the surface layer thickness of 100 A, consisting of S.