Snowy Day Research Articles

A Cold Winter Day.

Description I am a post-anesthesia care unit nurse who works in a busy ambulatory surgery center, and I consider myself a closet photographer. I love taking photographs of nature. It helps me relax and focus after a busy day. This photograph was taken on my way home on a very cold and snowy day. I found the trees stunning with their white snowy branches contrasting the black asphalt road. Such a peaceful view of nature.

Sparrow's Nest Feeds Body & Spirit of Cancer Patients & Families

Sparrow's Nest Feeds Body & Spirit of Cancer Patients & Families

Finding Ezra Jack Keats: In Search of a Children’s Book Icon

On a mission, I entered the Ezra Jack Keats archives in the de Grummond Children’s Literature Collection at the University of Southern Mississippi (USM) in early 2011.Chosen by the Keats Foundation Executive Director Deborah Pope and the de Grummond Curator Ellen Ruffin to do research for things to include in Viking’s fiftieth anniversary edition of Keats’ iconic The Snowy Day, I searched for items that would be meaningful for an extra eight-page supplement. Soon I found myself yearning to have had the information I was finding when I had taught Keats’ books in kindergarten and second grade. So much of his childhood and life presaged the stories he would tell and the art he would create in his picture books. On a deadline, I could not dwell on those treasures. I determined to come back and write a biography for those who still teach and read his classic books.

Computational intelligence based PEVs aggregator scheduling with support for photovoltaic power penetrated distribution grid under snow conditions

• A snow loss-aware deep learning-based short-term PV yield predictor is developed. • Stochastic day-ahead scheduling of an independent PEVs aggregator is investigated. • A novel local balancing service offered by the PEVs aggregator to DSO is proposed. • The service benefits PEV owners through providing extra energy demand of the grid. This paper addresses the issue of optimal day-ahead scheduling of a plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) aggregator that participates in the electricity market and offers an out-of-market balancing service to the local renewable power penetrated distribution system in a snow-prone area. The proposed balancing service provides a reliable source of flexibility for the extra real-time energy demand of the distribution system operator (DSO) which originates from the difference between its day-ahead bids and the actual demand. The problem is investigated on a snowy day when the DSO's day-ahead decisions encounter more uncertainty due to the considerable effect of snow loss on the DSO's photovoltaic plant performance. The aggregator's scheduling is formulated as two-stage stochastic programming which minimizes the PEVs’ charging cost. Monte Carlo simulation and K-means clustering are implemented to generate scenarios of driving patterns and real-time energy market prices, respectively. Offering the balancing service requires day-ahead predictions of the photovoltaic power and the grid load demand which are modeled using long short-term memory networks. The problem is formulated as mixed-integer linear programming. The results show that the proposed scheduling approach reduces the PEVs’ charging cost by 53% and guarantees the grid normal operation. Moreover, the balancing service can reduce the expected PEVs’ charging cost and the DSO's real-time cost by 12% and 14%, respectively. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Determination of winter tourism potential areas in Türkiye using a GIS-based multi-criteria analysis

Tourism, one of the expeditiously growing and most important sectors, contributes to the national economy by increasing employment and foreign exchange income. As in many countries, the place of tourism in the country's economy is very important in T?rkiye (formerly known as Turkey). As one of the sources that have contributed significantly to the country's economy for many years, it has played a locomotive role in its development. T?rkiye is trying to increase its share of international tourism revenues with investments and incentives. Although it is a country that draws attention with its areas suitable for winter tourism, the development of winter tourism centers is very slow when some aspects are taken into account. Konya Province is one of the few religious and cultural tourism centers of T?rkiye. The region has qualified winter tourism areas. Bringing these areas to tourism can be an important resource for both the provincial and national economy. This study proposes a Geographical Information System based Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE) model using Best Worst Method (BWM) to identify the most suitable locations for winter tourism facilities in the Konya region of T?rkiye. Among some suitable areas determined according to the results of the analysis, Alada? Mountain in Derbent region has been seen as the most suitable place for winter tourism investments, as it has all the features such as snow quality, transportation, and snowy day duration that should exist in a winter tourism center.

“What Really Happened?”: The Life and Death of Olivia Coombs

“What Really Happened?”: The Life and Death of Olivia Coombs

Immigrant Birds

Immigrant Birds

The Snowy Day: An Opera for all by Joel Thompson

The Snowy Day: An Opera for all by Joel Thompson

Change in Winter Precipitation Regime across Ontario, Canada

The focus of this study is to investigate the effects of climate change on the hydrologic regimes in Ontario, Canada. The variables include total precipitation, the form of precipitation (snowfall and rainfall), and the temperature during winter. The winter season is hydrologically significant for Canadian conditions. The historical data for 70 years, from 1939 to 2008, on total precipitation, snowfall, rainfall, and temperature over the winter period were analyzed using least-squares regressions, Alexandersson’s Standard Normal Homogeneity Test, and the Mann–Kendall test for 13 stations across Ontario to identify positive and negative trends and their significance. The analysis of the precipitation indices reveals no significant trend in the winter total precipitation, decreasing trends in winter snowfall, and increasing trends in winter rainfall. The snowy day analysis depicts a large scatter across the province, with the number ranging from 40 days to 80 days, which shows that the number of snowy days varies considerably over the years at all stations. The analysis showed that the change in snowy-rainy days is attributed to the significant upward trend of the daily mean winter minimum temperature for almost all the stations. Therefore, the changes in the form of precipitation during winter may affect water management including streamflow, tile drainage flow, soil erosion, sediment and nutrient transport to surface water bodies, and the effectiveness of best management practices being used for managing non-point source pollution.

Projected Changes in the Tibetan Plateau Snowpack Resulting From Rising Global Temperatures

AbstractThe snowpack is a critical component of the hydrologic cycle in cold regions, the change in which becomes important for proper planning and management of water. The Tibetan Plateau provides significant amount of water to most Asian rivers, and consequently the downstream population is dependent on its availability. Despite its importance, potential change in snowpack in this region due to climate change is poorly understood to date, largely because of remoteness and the orographic complexity of the area. This study inspects the impact of climate change on snowpack change over the Tibetan Plateau considering historical simulations (1981–2004), near future projections (2041–2064), and far future projections (2071–2094) from global climate models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs) of derived temperature, precipitation, and snow water equivalent (SWE). A multivariate nesting bias correction approach (MRNBC) was employed to correct possible biases in GCM and RCM derived temperature, precipitation, and SWE jointly over multiple time scales to preserve interdependencies among the variables while enabling simulation of year‐to‐year persistence, which is of importance in water security assessments. MRNBC reduced the bias in model simulations significantly and improved projections of the snow climatology. The results indicate that the annual maximum spell of snow‐free days will increase over the region whereas the snowy day fraction will decrease in the future compared to the historical period. In addition, annual SWE are noted to be decreasing in both the near future and far future with respect to historical averages. Changes in SWE will result from warming temperatures and also from changes in precipitation, which will lead to more rainfall than snowfall thus affecting snowmelt processes.

Beyond The Snowy Day: The Politics of Ezra Jack Keats's Seven Peter Books

Beyond The Snowy Day: The Politics of Ezra Jack Keats's Seven Peter Books

Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Who Received Percutaneous Coronary Intervention During Snowy Days.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is affected by several weather conditions. Studies from different geographical locations have yielded mixed results regarding the outcomes of patients presenting with ACS during snowy days, and we aim to report the Cleveland Clinic experience. Patients who presented with an ACS and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from July 1, 2009 to September 30, 2017 were divided into ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and non-ST segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS). According to snowy day arrival, we compared in-hospital mortality, culprit lesion anatomy, and door-to-balloon (DTB) time (in STEMI patients). Findings were confirmed in propensity-score matched cohorts. A total of 6878 patients were included: 1608 patients with STEMI (139 snowy-day vs 1469 non-snowy day PCIs) and 5270 NSTE-ACS (419 snowy-day vs 4851 non-snowy day PCIs). Right coronary artery territories accounted for most of the stented culprit lesions in all STEMI and NSTE-ACS snowy-day PCIs. While left anterior descending artery lesions were predominant in NSTE-ACS non-snowy day PCIs. There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between the snowy-day vs non-snowy day groups (4.3% vs 4.5% in the STEMI group [P=.92] and 1.2% vs 1.7% in the NSTE-ACS group [P=41]). In STEMI patients, mean DTB times were similar (43 ± 55.1 minutes vs 46.7 ± 59.6 minutes; P=.61), which remained true after hours, during weekends and holidays. Outcomes were similar in propensity-score matched cohorts. At our institution, snowy days do not seem to affect in-patient mortality. In STEMI patients, DTB times were similar in those who underwent PCI regardless of the snowfall.

Spatiotemporal changes of snow metrics in mountainous data-scarce areas using reanalyses

Mountain snowmelt is a critical water resource for achieving food and water security in drylands. Climate change impacts the snowmelt and consequently water resources reliability in downstream communities in drylands. Data limitation is one of the main challenges for assessing such impacts. This study assessed the trend in snow depth (SD), snowy day to wet day (SDWD), and snow phenology-related metrics in data-scarce snowy areas of Iran over 1987–2017. Furthermore, the contribution of temperature warming, precipitation and Arctic Oscillation (AO) anomalies to the snow metrics trends was investigated. The analyses were performed using the more accurate reanalyses selected between ERA-Interim and ERA5. The trend magnitude and significance were also assessed during the December-January-February (DJF), March-April (MA), and December-January-February-March-April (DJFMA) using the Sen’s estimator and Mann-Kendall (MK) test, respectively. Given the ERA5′s superiority, this product was employed for the trend and contribution analyses. The SD, SDWD and snow cover duration (Sdur) had a decreasing trend at more than 90% of study area. Except for snow cover onset date (Ds), MK detected a significant trend in the snow metrics at 40% or more of the studied regions. The more humid regions experienced a greater SD reduction. The SDWDDJF also decreased by less than 1% for the areas having average winter wintertime temperature below the threshold of −2.80 °C. The downward trend in Sdur was largely due to the earlier snowmelt rather than later Ds. A decline of 5 > day per decade was found for Sdur at the areas with DJFMA temperature below the melting point. The SD, SDWD and phenology metrics changes can be accounted for by temperature warming in most regions. The SDWD-AO relationship was statistically significant for the majority of the cases. The AO anomalies seem to impact SDWD via affecting wintertime temperature. The decrease of snow metrics indicates the occurrence of more severe and frequent dry snow droughts in the studied sub-basins. Thus, drought adaptation strategies need to consider the patterns of snow metrics in addition to total precipitation under global warming. The ERA5 outputs can be applied for evaluating snow drought under data scarcity.

FROST: Factors Predicting Orthopaedic Trauma Volumes

IntroductionOrthopaedic surgeons often speculate weather and season impact the nature and volume of surgical trauma. Little evidence exists to support this. We aimed to identify the relationship between weather conditions, time of year, surgical orthopaedic trauma volumes, after-hours surgery, and surgical wait times. MethodsUnscheduled surgical orthopaedic cases were retrospectively reviewed at major adult hospitals in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, over an eleven-year period (2008–2018). Weather variables were gathered and a predictive model for ice was generated. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine the effect of weather and time of year on orthopaedic trauma volumes and after-hours surgery. Linear regression was used to investigate surgical wait times. Results41,421 unscheduled orthopaedic trauma surgeries were analyzed against daily weather patterns. 49% of all surgery performed was for hip (26.4%) or ankle fractures (22.6%). Same day snow (p=0.002) and ice for two days prior (p=0.031; p=0.003) were significantly associated with increased overall trauma volumes. Same day snow (p<0.001) and ice (p=0.002), as well as ice two days prior (p=0.001), predicted a significant increase in ankle fracture volumes. There was no correlation between weather patterns and hip fracture volumes. Independent of weather, time of year was highly predictive of large swings in orthopaedic trauma volumes and increased wait times. Generally, when patient volumes increased so did after-hours surgery. ConclusionWinter and summer months as well as ice and daily snow contributed to the most significant increases in overall orthopaedic trauma volumes. On a snowy day in February with ice present for three consecutive days, trauma volumes increased as much as 71%. Despite this, resources dedicated to orthopaedic trauma are consistent throughout the year, which highlights the need to allocate resources for orthopaedic trauma surgery based on seasonal demands. We suggest our predictive model be used to guide the amount of operating room time reserved for orthopaedic trauma to better reflect expected volumes. This contrasts the current system which relies on after-hours surgeries and increased patient wait-times to compensate for increased orthopaedic trauma volumes. Since orthopaedic trauma can be predicted by weather patterns, interventions should aim to decrease weather-related orthopaedic trauma and reduce the burden prolonged wait times have on our system.

Comparison of work-related traffic crashes between male taxi drivers aged ≥65 years and

The percentage of drivers aged ≥65 years among all Korean taxi drivers has risen sharply from 3.2% in 2006 to 22.0% in 2016. This study compared the characteristics of work-related traffic crashes between male taxi drivers aged ≥65 years and <65 years. Using the national compensation data of South Korea, 586 injured male taxi drivers were analyzed based on driver-related (work experience, company size, employment status, injured body part, and injury type) and crash-related factors (time and day of the crash, weather condition, road type, violation and drowsiness) by age group. For the injured drivers aged ≥65, percentages of the crashes related to some factors were lower than those of the drivers aged <65 years: at night (55.2% vs. 64.0%), on rainy or snowy day (7.8% vs. 21.3%), on straight road (40.5% vs 50.9%) and on the expressway (6.9% vs. 13.0%). However, the percentage of the crashes related to a violation for the injured drivers aged ≥65 years (23.3%) was higher than that of the drivers aged <65 years (13.4%). Furthermore, the taxi drivers aged ≥65 years had a higher death rate (14.7%) than the drivers aged <65 years (8.5%). The results can be useful for injury prevention policies and guidelines for elderly taxi drivers such as strengthened qualification tests for the aged drivers and improvement of the working environment.

Let's talk about the "S" word.

It was a snowy day in November. I was a second-year medical student trying to find my way around a small rural hospital in Northern Ontario as part of a month-long placement. I had on my best “yeah-I-know-what-I’m-doing” face as I tried to learn everything I could about a patient in intensive

Bio-climatic classification of Iran by multivariate statistical methods

Traditional classification approaches tend to classify climates in terms of one or a few climatic variables given the specific circumstances. However, climate incorporates wide varieties of variables and serves as a cumulative process. In the present research, the number of 197 climatic parameters were selected and evaluated drawing upon data from the Iranian Meteorological Organization at 164 selected stations during the period of 1981 to 2018. After accuracy verification (by statistics of reliable synoptic stations in the area), such parameters were applied to develop a database. Then, upon reviewing of the library documents while considering the effective climatic elements in the formation and distribution of vegetation in different regions of Iran, finally 137 climatic variables were identified, in turn used as input data to perform factor analysis in SPSS software. Such variables greatly affect the climate of each region, and in fact, are determinant factors of the climate in each area. Subsequently, cluster analysis was performed on climatic factors obtained from the factor analysis method. According to the results, throughout the Iran, nine factors of temperature, relative humidity, cold season rainfall, warm-season rainfall, wind speed, semi-cloudy days, thunderstorm and snowy day with eigenvalues greater than one were 29.71, 22.32, 9.58, 7.52, 6.22, 6.80, 4.25, 3.69, 2.22%, respectively and totally accounted for 92.35% of the variance the data. Cluster analysis was an important step in determining the number of homogeneous clusters in this study. For this, the wards method was applied. First, by GIS software, the whole of Iran was divided into two climatic zones, and the climatic factors separating Iran into two zones were identified. Then two areas were divided into three sub-areas and this was continued until the final stage and at each stage, the factors separating the climatic zones were identified. By the final stage, it means stage at which the number of suitable and final zones is obtained. Subsequently, we reached from the climatic zone of 25 to zone of 26, so that all suitable climate zones of Iran were obtained by cluster analysis. While we proceeded from the zoning phase of 26 to 27 and up, it had no effect on climate factors, and no factor was identified as a separating factor of climatic zones. Eventually, based on the multivariate statistical methods, 26 bio-climatic zones for Iran was obtained. Then, the overall vegetation map of Iran was networked by the kriging method and matched to the Iranian map of climatic zones. And exactly the dominant vegetation types were studied and introduced within each climatic zones. Finally, the results of the multivariate statistical method were compared with those of the traditional Pabout method and the weaknesses and strengths of the Pabout method and also multivariate statistical methods used in the bio-climatic zonation of Iran were investigated.

Undergrad Leaves a Legacy of Literacy

You have accessThe ASHA LeaderStudent's Say1 Nov 2019Undergrad Leaves a Legacy of LiteracyA program founded by a NSSLHA member brings enrichment to kindergartners in a city school. Kacey RigaBA Kacey Riga Google Scholar More articles by this author , BA https://doi.org/10.1044/leader.SSAY.24112019.38 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favorites ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In During my final undergrad year at The Ohio State University (OSU), I wanted to leave an impression—not only within the Department of Speech and Hearing Science, but on the surrounding community. As our National Student Speech Language Hearing Association (NSSLHA) chapter vice president, I also wanted to strengthen the relationship between our chapter and the community. I joined forces with a speech-language pathologist for the Columbus City Schools who had graduated from OSU several years earlier and was looking to boost her elementary school students’ literacy skills. Together, we created the Columbus Literacy Committee to provide additional literacy stimulation to kindergartners who need it, while introducing undergraduates to a population they may work with in the future. As part of our program, we visit schools once a month to read aloud to the students and work in small groups to promote conversation and language. Literacy for little ones Committee members are all undergraduate NSSLHA members selected through an application process. Two co-chairs help create our monthly activities and choose books for students at all reading levels. One of our biggest challenges has been creating activities that are simple enough for beginners, but engaging for our most advanced readers. We decided to use basic activities or games that are fun but that require participation from everyone, regardless of reading level. Once we found that balance, we created games focused on different aspects of language, such as verb charades that focus on snowy day activities, noun and adjective Venn diagrams, and fill-in-the-blank Mad Libs. The next task was to schedule classroom visits. I worked closely with my collaborating SLP and the kindergarten teachers at a city school to work out a schedule, and then committee members signed up for time slots. Coordinating schedules among the teachers and our 17 members was probably the most difficult part to plan. It took a lot of communication and trial-and-error, but after the first month we got the hang of it. Everyone benefits During the first year we’ve been working with the Columbus City Schools, we’ve received considerable positive feedback from teachers, NSSLHA members, and the kindergartners. The teachers report that the students are engaged during our small-group activities and love the extra stimulation they receive from outside sources. They look forward to the reading activities and games their “special visitors” bring when they come by. Teachers appreciate our program, too, with some saying they’d like weekly, rather than monthly, visits. In addition, our own NSSLHA members report receiving benefits from the program. The undergrads get firsthand experience with elementary school kids, gaining foundational knowledge before entering grad school. They report that this has been their first hands-on experience in treatment-like situations—outside of observing—and say they are more confident in their decision to pursue a career in this field. Some how-tos If you’re interested in starting your own community outreach program, here are a few tips to get you started. Contact organizations and schools in your community that you think might benefit from your NSSLHA members’ passion and expertise. Reach out to faculty you interact with every day. One of them may know of an organization that could use some help. Contact local SLPs, audiologists, or local alumni of your program to form a partnership. NSSLHA chapters and their members are a valuable community resource—market yourself that way! Watching the excitement on the kindergartners’ faces and the relationships they have forged with NSSLHA members has been the best part of this experience. It’s sparked a passion in literacy for me. I graduated in May and no longer head the program, but I can’t wait to come back and see how the committee has grown. Author Notes Kacey Riga, BA, received her undergraduate degree in speech and hearing science from The Ohio State University in May. She is a first-year master’s student in speech-language pathology at Cleveland State University. [email protected] Additional Resources FiguresSourcesRelatedDetails Volume 24Issue 11November 2019 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in print: Oct 31, 2019 Metrics Downloaded 873 times Topicsleader_do_tagleader-topicsasha-article-typesCopyright & Permissions© 2019 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationLoading ...

The rhythm of the city: Roddy Doyle on Dublin, the past, identity and the healing power of the city

This interview with Roddy Doyle took place on 15 February 2018 in Dublin, at the Westbury Hotel. I interviewed Doyle on a gloriously snowy day in Dublin. He was on top form and talked at length abo...

Bill Monnie, Selma and Its Aftermath: A Photographic Journey. Merrimack, NH: A Snowy Day Distribution and Publishing, 2015. Pp. 169. $27.95 (cloth); $9.95 (eBook).

Bill Monnie, <i>Selma and Its Aftermath: A Photographic Journey</i>. Merrimack, NH: A Snowy Day Distribution and Publishing, 2015. Pp. 169. $27.95 (cloth); $9.95 (eBook).