Snacking Behavior Research Articles

Adolescents' perceptions of food outlets in the school neighbourhood and their unhealthy snacking behaviour on the way to and from school.

To understand the relationship between adolescents' unhealthy snacking behaviour during their school journey and their perceived and objective measures of food outlet availability in the school neighbourhood. A cross-sectional survey enquired about socio-demographic information, school transport modes, perceived presence of food outlets in the school neighbourhood and unhealthy food purchase and consumption on the school journey. A geographical information system analysis of the food outlets within 500 m and 1000 m school buffers was undertaken. Data were analysed using generalised linear mixed modelling. All twelve secondary schools in Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand, March 2020-June 2022. Adolescents aged 13-18 years (n 725) who reported being familiar with their school neighbourhood. Perceived availability of food outlets in the school neighbourhood was inversely correlated with distance to the closest food outlet from school and positively correlated with food outlet density within 500 m and 1000 m school buffers. Adolescents' purchase and consumption of unhealthy snacks and drinks during the school journey were associated with perceived availability of food outlets and with shorter distance to the closest food outlet from school. Mixed transport users, girls and those living in high-deprivation neighbourhoods had higher odds of purchasing and consuming unhealthy snacks and drinks during the school journey than active transport users, boys and those living in low-deprivation neighbourhoods, respectively. Adolescents perceptions of the food environment and close access to food outlets in the school neighbourhood may influence adolescents' food purchase and consumption behaviours during the school journey.

Association between body weight misperception and snacking patterns among adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundUnhealthy snacking behaviors and body weight misperception are both significant concerns in adolescent health. Weight misperception are common among youth and may influence their motivation to engage in health-related behaviors, however, the effect on snacking patterns choice remains unclear. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between body weight misperception and snacking pattern choice among school adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey platform. Body weight misperception was defined based on perceived body weight and true weight. Snack intake was measured using a qualitative food-frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to identify snacking patterns, and multiple linear regression was employed to examine the association between body weight misperception and snacking patterns.Results190,296 students with the average age of 13.3 ± 1.0 years was included, and 44.5% of students misperceived their weight. Overestimation was more prevalent than underestimation. Two snacking patterns, namely a high-calorie snacking pattern and a healthy snacking pattern, were identified with eigenvalues > 1. Weight underestimation was positively linked to high-calorie snacking pattern scores for both normal weight students (β: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.21) and students with overweight/obesity (β: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.52), and to healthy snacking scores for students with overweight/obesity (β: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.33), but negatively linked to healthy snacking pattern scores for normal weight students (β: -0.12, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.09). Conversely, weight overestimation was negatively linked to both high-calorie and healthy snacking pattern scores for normal weight students (β: -0.07, 95% CI: -0.11, -0.04 and β: -0.13, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.10), but positively linked to healthy snacking scores for underweight students (β: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.21). Interactions were found between sex, grade, accommodation, only child, primary guardians, parental education level and weight misperception to snacking patterns.ConclusionsAdolescents with normal weight and overweight/obesity who misperceived their weight exhibited less healthy snacking patterns, whereas underweight students who misperceived their weight displayed healthier snacking patterns. Comprehensive programs are crucial to educate and guide adolescents in understanding their weight status and making healthier snack choices, involving families, schools, and society.

The impact of nutritional labeling on adult snack choices: A controlled field experiment in a non-commercial professional setting

Each year, 2.8 million people die because of comorbidities associated with being overweight. Snacking substantially contributes to people’s calorie intake. One way to nudge consumers towards healthier alternatives is the implementation of nutritional labeling. This study reports on a controlled field experiment that evaluates the effect of two nutritional labels on free snack choices (n = 739). Participants at a conference could choose between nuts, cookies, and candy bars as a snack, presented at the bar at six different locations across 2 bar counters. The labels were set up in front of each snack in three conditions: no labeling (control), a calorie label, or a traffic light label (i.e., the Nutri-Score). The location of the snacks on the counter (Either side of the counter; Center, Right, Left) and the time-of-day (Morning (=reference) vs Afternoon) were statistically controlled for. The results show that calorie labels could not successfully nudge consumers toward healthier snack choices (nuts instead of candy bars or cookies). In contrast, the Nutri-Score label significantly increased the probability of choosing nuts over candy bars. The Nutri-Score also increased the chance of choosing nuts over cookies, but the difference was not significant.No prior studies to our knowledge have directly compared calorie labels to the Nutri-Score. This study suggests that the Nutri-Score label can be a more successful intervention than calorie labels to nudge consumers towards healthier choices in situations were free snacks are offered, like many modern workplaces. Changing snacking behavior is challenging and naturalistic field experiments like this one are needed to translate the theory from previous laboratory studies to real-life settings.

PENGARUH JENIS KELAMIN DAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP PERILAKU JAJAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR

Children tend to eat unhealthy foods or snacks in the school environment. This is caused by factors such as a lack of knowledge about healthy food and minimal access to healthy food choices in the school environment. This research aimed to analyze the influence of gender and knowledge on elementary school children's snacking behavior. This research was conducted in February-September 2023. This research is quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population is students in grades 4-6 in all state elementary schools in Bukit Bestari District, Tanjungpinang City. The sample was determined using simple random sampling by drawing lots from 10 schools and classes in all research locations. 30 students from grades 4-6 were selected from each school to obtain 300 students as samples. Analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of this study show that there is no influence between gender and the snack food eating behavior of school children (p=0.284), and there is an influence between the level of knowledge and the snack food eating behavior of school children (p=0.002). This research concluded that there is no influence between gender and there is an influence between the level of knowledge and the behavior of eating snacks among school children. Students with less knowledge are at risk of having poor behavior in consuming PJAS 3,863 times. Increasing knowledge by providing counseling and practicing bringing snacks prepared from home needs to be done.

Snacking Behaviours of Australian Young Adults: Secondary Analysis of the MYMeals Cross-Sectional Study.

Snacking outside main meals may contribute to the high intakes of discretionary foods (i.e., unhealthful foods) among young adults. This study assessed the snacking behaviours of Australian young adults including the contribution of snacking to energy and nutrient intakes, the main foods consumed, and portion sizes. A secondary analysis of the MYMeals study of adults aged 18-30 years who consumed at least one snack food during the recording period (n = 889) was conducted. All food consumed over 3 consecutive days was recorded using a purpose-designed smartphone app. Snack foods contributed 13.2% of energy, 23.4% of total sugars, and 16.2% of saturated fat. Females consumed more energy (13.8% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.007) and total sugars (25.8% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.009), from snacking than males. Fruit (20.2%), chocolate (9.9%), cake-type desserts (8.4%), sweet biscuits (6.1%), and ice-cream-type desserts (5.6%) were the most frequently consumed snacks by young adults. The median portion sizes for the top five snack foods consumed were fruit-106 g (IQR: 73), chocolate-26 g (IQR: 36), cake-95 g (IQR: 88), sweet biscuits-26 g (IQR: 29), and ice cream-75 g (IQR: 42). The current findings may inform population-wide strategies to encourage healthful snacks such as fruit, inform portion control by individuals, and persuade the food industry to reduce the serving size of discretionary snack foods such as cake.

Assessing snacking and drinking behavior in Real-Life Settings: Validation of the SnackBox technology

BackgroundUnderstanding snacking behavior and its determinants is crucial in addressing modern dietary patterns. However, existing methods, such as self-reports and controlled laboratory studies, exhibit limitations in reliability capturing snacking and drinking behavior in real-life settings. This study aimed to validate the SnackBox, a novel technology designed to objectively assess snacking behavior with minimal user effort and researcher interference. MethodsThe SnackBox, capable of storing three different snacks or beverages, automatically measured the quantity consumed (in grams) and the time of consumption. Forty-eight office workers (29 female, mean age = 28.8, SD = 4.1) used the SnackBox at their workplace and home over a two-week period, recording their snack consumption. On measurement days, participants completed 5-hour dietary recalls through a mobile application. Ad libitum portions of snacks and beverages were provided, and post-study measurements of leftovers determined true consumption. ResultsThe SnackBox demonstrated higher reliability (ICC = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.72 – 1.85) in estimating consumed snack quantities compared to the 5-hour dietary recall application (ICC = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.45 – 0.70). Participants rated the SnackBox's usability (M = 0.84, SD = 0.88) significantly higher than that of the self-report app (M = -0.58, SD = 0.98) (p <.001). ConclusionThe SnackBox is a valid and low-burden tool for assessing snacking and drinking behavior in real-life settings. Its objective data collection surpasses self-reports, offering insights into snacking quantities. This has the potential to advance our understanding and interventions for healthier dietary habits.

Not Hungry, but Still Snacking: The Association Between Hedonic Hunger and Snacking Behaviour Among Young Adults in Vadodara, Gujarat.

Hedonic hunger refers to the recurring thoughts, desires, and feelings about food in the absence of energy deprivation. The influence of hedonic hunger on snacking behaviour remains unclear, particularly among young adults in India. The present study aimed to understand the association between hedonic hunger and snacking behaviour among young adults aged 15-24 years in Vadodara, Gujarat. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. A total of 150 young adults from Vadodara, Gujarat, were included in the study. Participants were administered a structured questionnaire. Hedonic hunger scores were measured using the Power of Food Scale assessment. Anthropometric assessment was carried out using validated instruments. The associations between hedonic hunger, snacking behaviour, emotional eating, willpower, exercise, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were examined. Results showed that 51.3% of individuals had moderate levels of hedonic hunger, while 23.3% exhibited severe signs, indicating a strong inclination towards consuming appetizing foods rich in salt, sugar, and fat. The study found a significant association between hedonic hunger and consumption of certain snacking items. Furthermore, hedonic hunger scores were related to additional factors such as emotional eating, willpower, and exercise. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between hedonic hunger scores and participants' weight (r=0.170;P= 0.039), but no such correlation was found with BMI. Conclusion: These findings shed light on the relationship between hedonic hunger, snacking behaviour, and related factors, contributing to our understanding of the complex interplay between food cravings and eating habits among adolescents.

Comparative Study on Snacking Behaviour and Pattern of Working and Non-Working Women of Hisar City, India

The present study was conducted to assess and compare the snacking behavior of working and non-working women of Hisar City. The aim of the present study was to compare snacking behavior of working and non-working women of Hisar City. For this study, a sample of one hundred and twenty women in age 25-45 years, 60 each working and non-working women were drawn randomly from Hisar city. The sample of working women included 20 each engineer, advocates, and teaching professionals. Non-working women were selected having an income, and age similar to their counterparts. Information on snacking behavior like the preference for snacks over regular meals, time and place of snacking, types of snacks taken, and source of procuring snacks, etc. were recorded in the questionnaire. The data indicated that mere 15 percent of working and 23.3 percent of non-working women preferred snacks over regular meals. The majority (90.0%) of respondents preferred to take salty snacks followed by sweet (85.0%) and sweet and salty (56.7%). The result revealed that non-working women have more cravings for snacks than working women but they prefer more of homemade snacks to outside snacks.

From lab to real life: Effects of a health versus hedonic mindset on snacking behaviors in daily life

From lab to real life: Effects of a health versus hedonic mindset on snacking behaviors in daily life

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Konsumsi Makanan Pada Peserta Didik SD Swasta Kartika I-1 Medan

Snacking is one of the activities of children in the school environment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a Relationship between Knowledge, Peer Influence, Advertising, and Snacking Behavior in Private Elementary School Students Kartika I-1. The research design used in this study used an Analytical Survey method with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at Kartika I-1 Private Elementary School. The population in this study were elementary school students totaling 250 respondents. The sampling technique was by purposive sampling using the Slovin formula, namely 71 people. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire that was distributed directly to the respondents. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis using chi-square test. Based on the results of the study with chi-square test on knowledge with snacking behavior obtained p-value = 0.003, peer influence p-value = 0.004, advertisement p-value = 0.003. The conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between knowledge, peer influence, advertising, and snacking behavior in Kartika I-1 Private Elementary School students. It is suggested to parents to participate and increase their role as parents who can provide knowledge and motivation to maintain the health of their children and also to teachers need to also teach what snacks should be consumed by children.

Snacking practices from infancy to adolescence: parental perspectives from longitudinal lived experience research in England.

Consumption of snacks and ultra-processed foods (UPF) high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) is associated with rising rates of obesity and growing socioeconomic disparities in nutrition. While infancy, childhood and adolescence are critical periods for development of dietary preferences, there remains a dearth of research exploring factors that underpin snacking behaviour over this time. This review aims to address this gap by drawing from qualitative lived experience research, with 122 families of different socioeconomic position (SEP), to explore how the (i) home food environment, (ii) food environment and (iii) social value and meanings of food shape parental provision of snacks. This review shows that snacking holds important meanings in everyday family life, with infants integrated into existing snacking practices from an early age. Price promotions, low-cost and long shelf-lives all make UPF and HFSS snacks an appealing option for many low-SEP parents; while children's requests and preferences for HFSS snacks present a challenge across SEP. However, higher-SEP parents can ensure fresh fruits are always available as an alternative snack, while fruit is described as a financially risky expenditure for low-SEP families. The present findings also indicate that retailers and producers are increasingly promoting 'healthier' snacks through product packaging and marketing, such as 'meets one of your five a day', despite these products displaying similar nutritional profiles to traditional UPF and HFSS snacks. We outline a series of policy recommendations, including extending Healthy Start Vouchers and the Fruit and Vegetable Scheme in schools and action to address misleading product marketing and packaging.

The Effectiveness of a Healthy Snack and Beverage Handout and Interactive Education on the Youth Sport Snacking Environment

Childhood obesity remains a pertinent problem in the United States, with dietary intake being one modifiable risk factor (Center of Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). Thus, developing healthy dietary habits in children and adolescents is important in reducing the risk of obesity. An opportunity for this occurs in youth sport snacking behaviors. Research has indicated that snacks provided after youth sport games are often energy dense and high in sugar, sodium, and fat (Bennion et al., 2020; Irby et al., 2014; Rafferty et al., 2018). The purpose of the present study was to first observe the influences on snack choice in youth sport. Secondly, the effects of a multifactorial educational intervention guided by the social cognitive theory (SCT) on snack choice was examined. The intervention consisted of a handout, a Healthy Snack and Beverage page in the parks and recreation district guidebook, an educational booth during the first game, and an education session during the coaches’ meeting. Participants included 121 parents who had children participating in the youth soccer or volleyball league administered by a local parks and recreation district. A questionnaire was developed to determine parental perception of what is a healthy snack, after game snacking practices and influences on snack choice. The questionnaire was administered online to participants during league registration and during the last week of the season. Paired sample t-tests were performed to examine the differences in snacks purchased from pre- to post-intervention. Further, a multiple analysis was used to predict snack choice based on six identified influencing factors. There were 121 parents and coaches who responded to the pre-intervention questionnaire and 32 of those participants responded to the post-intervention questionnaire. There was a significant decrease in unhealthy snacks brought by parents (p=&lt;0.05). The “health of the snack” (p&lt;0.01) and “social media/advertising” (p=0.02) were independent predictors of snack choice (p&lt;0.05). In conclusion, addressing the unhealthy snacking environment in youth sport through targeted educational interventions, could promote a healthier snacking environment.

Changes in office workers’ lived experiences of their own eating habits since working from home due to the COVID-19 pandemic: An interpretative phenomenological analysis

In response to the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been little insight into how office workers perceived their own eating behaviour in relation to their new home working environment. The sedentary nature of office-based jobs means that it is crucial that workers in these occupations engage in health behaviours that are beneficial to them. The present study aimed to explore how office workers perceive changes to their own eating behaviour since the transition to working from home (WFH) as a consequence of the pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six volunteer office workers who previously worked in an office environment and who are now WFH. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis, allowing the researcher to explore each account and understand their lived experiences. There were five superordinate themes: Healthy eating; time constraints; escaping the office; social cognitions; and food indulgence. Increased snacking behaviour since WFH was a major challenge, which was particularly potent during times of elevated stress. Furthermore, quality of nutrition since WFH appeared to coincide with the participants’ wellbeing, such that this was reported as being worst at times of low wellbeing. Future studies must focus on developing strategies to improve the eating behaviours and the general wellbeing of office workers as they continue to WFH. These findings can then be utilised for the development of health promoting behaviours.

P31-028-23 Sensory Perception of Food and Its Influence on Snacking Behaviours Among Adults Residing in the UK

P31-028-23 Sensory Perception of Food and Its Influence on Snacking Behaviours Among Adults Residing in the UK

A micro-randomized pilot study to examine the impact of just-in-time nudging on after-dinner snacking in adults with type 2 diabetes: A study protocol.

To determine whether a digital nudge soon after dinner reduces after-dinner snacking events as measured objectively by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This is a single-site micro-randomized trial (MRT). People with T2D, aged 18-75 years, managed with diet or a stable dose of oral antidiabetic medications for at least 3 months, and who habitual snack after dinner at least 3 nights per week, will be recruited. Picto-graphic nudges were designed by mixed research methods. After a 2-week lead-in phase to determine eligibility and snacking behaviours by a CGM detection algorithm developed by the investigators, participants will be micro-randomized daily (1:1) to a second 2-week period to either a picto-graphic nudge delivered-in-time (Intui Research) or no nudge. During lead-in and MRT phases, 24-hour glucose will be measured by CGM, sleep will be tracked by an under-mattress sleep sensor, and dinner timing will be captured daily by photographing the evening meal. The primary outcome is the difference in the incremental area under the CGM curve between nudging and non-nudging days during the period from 90 minutes after dinner until 04:00 AM. Secondary outcomes include the effect of baseline characteristics on treatment, and comparisons of glucose peaks and time-in-range between nudging and non-nudging days. The feasibility of 'just-in-time' messaging and nudge acceptability will be evaluated, along with the analysis of sleep quality measures and their night-to-night variability. This study will provide preliminary evidence of the impact of appropriately timed digital nudges on 24 -hour intertitial glucose levels resulting from altered after-dinner snacking in people withT2D. An exploratory sleep substudy will provide evidence of a bidirectional relationship between after-dinner snacking behaviour, glycaemia and sleep. Ultimately, this study will allow for the design of a future confirmatory study of the potential for digital nudging to improve health related behaviours and health outcomes.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Perilaku Jajan Pada Anak Usia Sekolah: Literature Review

Background: School-age children are referred to as latent periods, the more independent school-age children are, the more they have problems in the selection of snacks. The findings of the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) found several results of food content which showed 91.26% qualified, 8.71% ineligible,285 samples contained Rhodamin B, 211 samples contained Formalin, 162 samples contained Borax and 5 food samples contained Methanyl Yellow. Parenting is a factor that influences the behavior of snack, parents are the first source of information to understand about the behavior of healthy snacks in children.Objective: The purpose of this study was to foster journals regarding the relationship between snacking patterns in school-age children.Methods: Literature review method, which includes searching for journals from Elsevier, Pudmed, Google Scholer, and Garuda which received 6 journals because they have been tested based on the Critical Appraisal Checklist (JBI) instrument for analysis of Cross Sectional Studies. Then use PRISMA to select them and use the Plagiarsm Checker X application with 17% results.Results: Literature review data conducted on 6 journals that have been obtained shows that there is a relationship between parenting patterns and snack selection behavior in school age children and 1 journal there is no relationship. 6 research journals obtained the dominant value of journal 1 Lonto et al., (2019), with respondents of democratic fostering pattern category as many as 30 people or (46.9%) and 44 respondents (68.8%) with healthy snack behaviors. The better the parenting pattern applied to the child, the lower the level of snack selection behavior in the child.Suggestion: Literature review results are expected to be an educational material, especially school-age children and parents about the importance of foster care patterns to prevent snack selection behavior in school-age children.

Examining the feasibility of a youth advocacy program promoting healthy snacking in New York City: a mixed-methods process evaluation.

Adolescents from urban communities are at risk for unhealthy snacking behaviors. Youth advocacy interventions are shown to improve certain adolescent health behaviors, such as substance use. However, it remains unclear if youth advocacy is a feasible method to promote healthy snacking. As such, the aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of a youth advocacy program promoting healthy snacking among adolescents in New York City by conducting a mixed-methods process evaluation. Adolescents (12-18 years) at a Boys and Girls Club in New York City were recruited to participate in a 12-session adaptation of the Youth Engagement and Action for Health! program to advocate for the promotion of healthy snacks in corner stores. A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted to assess recruitment, reach (attendance), dose delivered (amount of intervention delivered), fidelity (degree to which intervention was implemented according to curriculum) and dose received (participant engagement/satisfaction). Satisfaction was also evaluated through focus groups. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative data, and focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis. Participant retention (94.74%), attendance (93.52%), dose delivered (98.94%), fidelity (98.5%), engagement (4.97/5) and program satisfaction (4/5) were high. Focus groups (n = 6; 28 participants) revealed that participants learned about nutrition, enjoyed being advocates and improved snacking behaviors.

PERILAKU HYGIENE SANITASI PEDAGANG MAKANAN JAJANAN DAN PERILAKU JAJAN SISWA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI SEKOLAH DASAR

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Food sanitation is an effort to secure and save food to keep it clean, and healthy. Hygiene of food handlers is the key to success in food processing that is healthy and safe Children's snack behavior will be influenced by children's knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding the selection of healthy snacks.The food that is very liked by elementary school aged children is street food. Reflection of childrens habits is In consuming snack that are not good can affect children nutrition. The cleanliness of snacks can affect the incidence of diarrhea due to the use of hazardous substances and can result in food poisoning. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design, the sample taken was 10 vendors and 51 student respondents. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling where the researcher took data using a questionnaire which was filled in directly by the respondent. The results showed that from 10 respondents the sanitation hygiene behavior of street food vendors in 101799 was still said to be not good, because there were found some street food vendors who had poor food sanitation hygiene behavior. Then the results of the bivariate analysis of 51 elementary school students showed that there was a correlation between knowledge of snacking and the incidence of diarrhea (p value 0.000), attitudes to the incidence of diarrhea (p value 0.000), actions with the incidence of diarrhea (p value 0.012).

Snacking behavior is associated with snack quality, overall diet quality, and body weight among US college students

Snacking behavior may affect snack quality, overall diet quality, and body weight; however, the associations between these variables have not been studied among college students. The objective of this study was to associate snacking behaviors with snack quality, diet quality, and weight status among college students with overweight and obesity. We hypothesized that a higher snacking frequency, accessibility and availability of unhealthy snacks, and lack of knowledge would be associated with lower snack and diet quality, and higher weight. Participants (n = 140) completed a snack behavior questionnaire, three 24-hour dietary recalls to assess diet quality using Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), and snack score using an algorithm based on the US DA Smart Snack guidelines and reported weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI). Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation was used in the analyses. After adjusting for confounders, snack frequency was not associated with snack score, HEI-2015 score, or BMI, but evening snacks had a significantly lower snack score compared with late afternoon snacks (P = .017). Also, those with more accessibility and availability of unhealthy snacks had a lower snack score (P = .001), lower HEI-2015 score (P = .006), and higher BMI (P = .019). Snacking for pleasure was significantly associated with a lower snack score (P = .037). Snack score was positively correlated with HEI-2015 score but not with BMI. In conclusion, late snacking, unhealthy snack environment, and snacking for pleasure were associated with lower snack and diet quality. These findings could be used in future intervention strategies to improve snacking behaviors and the food environment.

Health Education Tentang jajanan Sehat Pada Anak Pra Sekolah di RA AL-MA’UNAH Desa Mojojejer Mojowarno Kabupaten Jombang

Pre-school age children are a period when children tend to be more active and energetic. They need good nutrition in addition to energy from food to support their growth and development as well as their daily activities. Consuming a balanced diet ensures that their nutritional needs are met. A balanced diet also helps children stay healthy and develop good eating habits, which will form a solid foundation for their future health. Snacks or food in the school environment sometimes does not guarantee the cleanliness and nutritional content of these snacks. Diseases that occur as a result of unhealthy snacking behavior can lead to health problems such as cancer, poisoning, food borne disease as well as growth and development disorders in health at the age of preschool children. The location for implementing community service is at RA AL-MA'UNAH, Mojojejer Village, Mojowarno Regency, Jombang Regency, where to meet the snack needs of students at RA AL-MA'UNAH, Mojojejer Village, Mojowarno Regency, Jombang Regency, they buy snacks from newcomers and regular sellers. Students before going to school and at 09.00 WIB when taking a break buy these snacks even though the teachers always suggest bringing their own food from home. The purpose of implementing this community service activity is that RA AL-MA'UNAH students in Mojojejer Village, Mojowarno Regency, Jombang Regency understand the importance of healthy snacks while at school so that they are used to living healthy after school through health education on healthy snacks by the Community Service team from Bina Sehat university PPNI Regency. Mojokerto. The method we use in community service is Health education about healthy snacks for RA AL-MA'UNAH students, Mojojejer Village, Mojowarno, Jombang Regency. The result of this health education is that RA AL-MA'UNAH, Mojojejer Village, Mojowarno, Jombang Regency, is able to understand and implement buying healthy snacks at school and at their respective homes.