By means of morphological methods of examination it was found that gubernaculum of the testis, which rudiments appear at the beginning of the 6th week of embryogenesis, plays a leading role in the testicle descent into the scrotum. Accelerated formation of gubernaculum of the testis in 5-8 monthold fetuses which is proved by the prevalence of smooth muscular cells over the elements of the connective tissue, is one of the main factors of heterochrony in the testicle development and their further descent into the scrotum. The ventral protrusion of the peritoneum vaginal process appears at the end of the 8th week of embryogenesis; formation of the process is prior to caudal displacement of the testes. The fusion of the visceral plate of the peritoneum vaginal process with protein membrane of the testis and over testis occurs in 6-7 month-old fetuses. Disorders in the process of fusion of the layers of processus vaginalis peritonei in 9-10-month-old fetuses may be anatomic precondition of congenital inguinoscrotal hernia development.