Smart Window Applications Research Articles

A Spectrum-Tailored Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Film for Energy-Saving Smart Windows.

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) holds potential application in smart windows, owing to its feasibility in regulating the transmittance of specific wavelength bands to improve energy utilization. Herein, a composite PDLC smart window is designed, which showcases high emissivity of 93.79% in the mid-infrared region and features the regulation of ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR) light. Titanate nanomaterials with diverse morphologies are synthesized and doped to endow the PDLC film with perfect UV shielding property and excellent electro-optical (E-O) performance. Subsequently, the E-O performance is further improved by modifying the structure of acrylate monomers, with the maximum transmittance exceeding 80%. Furthermore, the LaB6 layer is incorporated to effectively shield NIR light. Due to the synergistic effect of sunlight modulation and passive radiative cooling, the composite PDLC smart window can effectively lower the indoor temperature compared with traditional PDLC films. Eventually, the fabricated LaB6/PVA/PDLC smart window displays high contrast (210.65), a low threshold voltage (6.68V), and remarkable passive radiative cooling performance (cooling power of 131.24 m2K-1). Overall, the composite presents switchable transmittance in visible region, excellent UV-blocking (>99%), and high NIR shielding capacities, thereby broadening its potential application in the field of smart windows.

A low-temperature synthesis of strongly thermochromic W and Sr co-doped VO2 films with a low transition temperature

The reversible semiconductor-to-metal transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2) makes VO2-based coatings a promising candidate for thermochromic smart windows, reducing the energy consumption of buildings. We report low-temperature (320 °C) depositions of thermochromic V1−x−yWxSryO2 films with a thickness of 71–73 nm onto 170–175 nm thick Y-stabilized ZrO2 layers on a 1 mm thick conventional soda-lime glass. The developed deposition technique is based on reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering with a pulsed O2 flow feedback control allowing us to prepare crystalline W and Sr co-doped VO2 films of the required stoichiometry without any substrate bias or post-deposition annealing. The W doping of VO2 decreases the transition temperature below 25 °C, while the Sr doping of VO2 increases the integral luminous transmittance, Tlum, significantly due to widening of the visible-range optical bandgap, which is consistent with lowering of the absorption coefficient of films. We present the discussion of the effect of the Sr content in the metal sublattice of VO2 on the electronic and crystal structure of V1−x−yWxSryO2 films, and on their temperature-dependent optical and electrical properties. An optimized V0.855W0.018Sr0.127O2 film exhibits a high Tlum = 56.8% and modulation of the solar energy transmittance ΔTsol = 8.3%, which are 1.50 times and 1.28 times, respectively, higher compared with those of the V0.984W0.016O2 film. The achieved results constitute an important step toward a low-temperature synthesis of large-area thermochromic VO2-based coatings for future smart-window applications, as it is easy to further increase the Tlum and ΔTsol by >6% and >3%, respectively, using a 280 nm thick top SiO2 antireflection layer.

Electrochromic windows and flexible devices based on viologen-containing hydrogel electrolytes

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) with reversible optical modulation have great potential for smart window and flexible device applications. In this study, we propose low-power consumption, all-in-one-type ECDs based on LiCl-containing polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel as a transparent and flexible gel electrolyte. Hydrophilic 1,1′-bis(3-hydroxypropyl) viologen dibromide (V-OHP) was served as the electrochromic (EC) material, hydroquinone (H2Q) was used as the anodic species, and H2Q/V-OHP/LiCl molar ratio was adjusted to obtain a balanced charge for the desired redox states of V-OHP. The basis for using V-OHP is derived from its hydroxyl groups, which enhance the hydrophilic characteristics of the radical cation (V-OHP*) and, as a result, the stability of the colored radical cations. This leads to enhanced stability, longer cycle life, and improved device dynamics. Investigations were also conducted into the EC behavior of viologen in solution. Following the utilization of various ECDs with various ratios of LiCl and H2Q, the most optimal sample was chosen and its efficiency in the application of EC windows and flexible devices was assessed. The created EC windows demonstrated distinct features including a significant contrast, outstanding stability, and a substantial cycle life (preserving over 94 % of the original transmittance after 800 cycles). Distinct device dynamics were also evident at a voltage of − 1.4 V with a time constant of about 10 s for coloring and 33 s for bleaching in open circuit condition.

Phenyl group-based fluorinated polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite films with high contrast ratio and low driving voltage

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is a type of composite materials which is usually obtained by the phase separation during polymerization of liquid crystal/monomer mixtures, and it has shown potential applications in smart windows. In this work, the rigidity and flexibility of phenyl acrylate monomers were regulated by varying the number of benzene rings and their influences on the morphology and electro-optical properties of PDLC were discussed. The results showed that the PDLC films formed by monomers with one benzene ring possessed better performance. In addition, fluorination of monomers with a benzene ring could further enhance overall performance. The contrast ratio was significantly improved from 138 to 175, but the driving voltage is maintained at a lower value (6.9 V). This work provides a choice for optimizing electro-optical properties of PDLC films.

Improving the thermochromic performance of VO2 films by embedding Cu-Al nanoparticles as heterogeneous nucleation cores in the VO2/VO2 bilayer structure

VO2-based films show great potential applications in thermochromic smart windows. However, enhancing luminous transmittance (Tlum) while maintaining high solar modulation ability (ΔTsol) remains a formidable challenge. Here, we present a novel VO2/Cu-Al nanoparticles (NPs)/VO2 composite film structure, seamlessly integrating Cu-Al bimetallic NPs within VO2 films by pulsed laser deposition on alkali-free glass substrates. The content of Cu-Al NPs in the composite films is controlled by the pulse number (Np) applied to the Cu-Al alloy target. X-ray diffraction results indicate that the crystallinity of VO2 films is significantly enhanced by the incorporation of an appropriate amount of Cu-Al NPs. The SEM characterization results revealed that the particle size of VO2 composite films initially increases to approximately 131 nm and subsequently decreases to around 120 nm as Np increases, with a concurrent transition in particle shape from quasi-circular to elongated. The Tlum and ΔTsol of the resulting composite films were dramatically improved to 71.6 % and 9.5 %, respectively, when Np was 300. These enhanced thermochromic properties are attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the VO2 particles. This research opens up a promising avenue for the convenient production of customized high-quality VO2 films tailored for smart window applications.

Experimental Evaluation Study of the Comfort and Energy Performance of Suspended Particle Device Smart Windows in a Residential Building: Achieving Optimal Control during the Cooling Season

In contrast to traditional windows, smart windows dynamically affect indoor visual and thermal environments through Visible light transmittance (VT) and Solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) changes. Therefore, for enhancing smart window application effects, it is necessary to analyze comprehensively the impacts of smart window tinting on indoor visual and thermal environments, and to establish appropriate tinting control methods. This study aimed to determine optimal smart window control strategies for residential buildings during the cooling season by evaluating visual and thermal comfort and energy performance in an actual building equipped with SPD smart windows. An experimental building was located in Sejong, South Korea (36.5°N latitude, 127.3°E longitude; temperate climate zone), and the measurements were conducted from July to August 2023 to compare glare, indoor daylight illuminance, thermal comfort, and cooling and lighting energy between typical and smart windows. And, optimal control methods were proposed from general comfort and energy performance perspectives. The measurements indicated that it was difficult to satisfy all aspects of the visual and thermal environment, and comprehensively it was recommended to employing “always tinting” on summer. However, on a clear day, jointly applying smart windows and lighting dimming control and controlling automatically based on indoor daylight illuminance levels were found to be the most effective as it not only secured visual comfort performance but also reduced lighting energy consumption.

A Multimode Dynamic Color-Changing Device for Smart Windows Based on Integrating Thermochromic and Electrochromic Properties.

Electro- and thermochromic materials have been greatly applied in smart windows and displays due to the excellent properties of color variation and solar radiation. However, the mono color and single response to voltage and temperature hinder their application and development. Here, a multimode dynamic color-changing device (T/ECD) was developed by integrating the electrochromic property of synthetic viologen dyes and the thermochromic properties of hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA). The T/ECD achieves four modes of optical regulation, namely, colorless transparent state, tinted transparent state, colorless opaque state, and tinted opaque state, which can be regulated independently/coordinately using heat and voltage. The optimized T/ECD switched color at 1.2 V with 15 s or adjusted the transparent/opaque state at >34 °C with 46 s. In addition, based on the red viologen (ViO-R), green viologen (ViO-G), and blue viologen (ViO-B) dyes, colorful T/ECDs were successfully designed and fabricated, and T/ECDs have excellent cycling properties, expanding the application requirement. Moreover, we demonstrated their application in smart windows and privacy protection. The design philosophy and successful exploration have great prospects for energy-saving buildings, displays, and information masking/storage systems.

Facile fabrication of hemicrystalline bio-based polycarbonate with superhydrophobic and high transmittance

Developing materials that combine superhydrophobic properties with high optical transmittance poses a significant challenge. In this study, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HT-PDMS) and isosorbide (ISB) were polymerized in a single step to create a covalently bonded optical polycarbonate material. By inducing the formation of micro-papillary and lotus-shaped nanoscale structures via a solvent-triggered process, we significantly enhanced the “air cushion” effect, achieving a structure scale of approximately 5–7 μm. This resulted in a water contact angle of 157° while maintaining over 90 % optical transmittance. The structures were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix, leading to a 500 % increase in tensile strength at break compared to pure isosorbide polycarbonate, with a maximum strength exceeding 50 MPa. These multifunctional materials show great promise for applications in smart windows, solar panels, camera lenses, and other optoelectronic devices.

Fabrication of novel MoOx / PVA hydrogel nanocomposite for photochromic smart window

Photochromic smart windows allow for simple manufacturing without the need for additional energy input for adaptive control of sunlight, which will have a huge impact on the comfort of daylight and the development of smart windows. Among them, although molybdenum-based materials have advantages such as low cost and stable coloring, the lack of fast transmission switching capability and liquid phase color changing environment limit its implementation in the field of smart windows. Here, we report a low-cost method to fabricate a novel photochromic hydrogel (MoOx/PVA) by combining molybdenum oxide nanosheets (MoOx, 2 ≤ x ≤ 3) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel. Under ultraviolet light (UV = 360–400 nm) irradiation, the hydrogel achieves rapid color change visible to the naked eye within 10 s, with an exponential decrease in transmittance, reversible switching of transparency between 70 % and 5 %, and retains about 95 % transmittance after 14 cycles. Due to the good biocompatibility of molybdenum oxide, hydrogel can also be used for personal wearable, which can achieve 1.4 °C of cooling when exposed to sunlight for 3 min. Moreover, the photochromic and recovery properties of the large-sized (29.7 cm × 21 cm) MoOx/PVA hydrogel demonstrate its broad prospects for production applications in smart windows. It is believed that this study will open new opportunities for both fabrication and application in photochromic smart windows and intelligent devices.

Dynamically transparent microfluidic layers for adaptive thermal management and energy efficiency in smart façades and windows

Façades and windows significantly contribute to the energy inefficiency of buildings due to heat gain and loss, accounting for approximately 40 % of total energy costs. This study introduces an innovative multi-material microfluidic glazing layer made of a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-paraffin composite, designed to be integrated with glass windows or façades to manage thermal loads and adaptively modulate light. The composite microfluidic glazing layer is fabricated using a 3D-printed scaffold removal method and facilitates convective cooling by using water as a coolant. The microfluidic glazing layer was further integrated into a 10 × 10 cm2 prototype window, and both experimental and numerical analyses were employed to evaluate its effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrated that water maintained at room temperature, flowing at 240 µL/min, could lower the average temperature of the window prototype by approximately 14 °C within the first 5 min. Additionally, the PDMS-paraffin layer transitions from a transparent to opaque state by absorbing heat from the carrier fluid within a short period, highlighting its potential as switchable haze. Numerical analysis revealed an intrinsic harvesting efficiency of 80 % for the proposed prototype with optimal flow tuning. Beyond its primary application in smart glass window and façade cooling, the PDMS-paraffin layer has potential applications in battery thermal management, microfluidic heat sinks, and lab-on-a-chip systems.

Molecular Confinement Engineering Induced Super Thermostable and RT‐Adjustable Gel for Tri‐Heat‐Channeled Smart Window

AbstractThermochromic hydrogel‐based smart windows hold great potential for building energy‐saving. However, most of thermochromic hydrogels possess high response temperatures (RT) and poor size stability under heat, resulting in limited energy‐saving performance for smart windows. Here, a printable thermochromic gel (PNC) is reported with low thermal shrinkage and tunable RT for smart windows applications via molecular confinement engineering. The RT of PNC gel is well within the comfort temperature zone of the human body and can be modulated (26.5–31.5 °C) by the introduced support networks. Importantly, the resultant gel exhibits a super transmittance (95%) in visible light and an outstanding modulation (87%) for sunlight. Based on PNC gel, a tri‐heat‐channeled smart window is fabricated using a multilevel thermal regulation strategy that couples conduction, radiation, and evaporative cooling. The tri‐heat‐channeled smart window demonstrates outstanding daytime cooling (10 °C lower than conventional windows) and can cut off 30% of annual heating, ventilation, and air‐conditioning (HAVC) energy consumption. Furthermore, a novel smart window is designed with invisible shutters that appear only when needed. This work offers novel clues for constructing versatile gels and innovative smart windows for building energy‐saving.

Nanostructure-dependent colouration efficiency of electrochromic coatings using 0D, 1D, and 2D WO3 for smart windows

Towards the development of highly efficient electrochromic coatings, the crystallinity, morphology (e.g. size and shape) of electrochromic nanomaterials, and their charge insertion capacities play a significant role. Herein, we report the structure-dependent colouration effciency in electrochromic coatings based on the use of 0D, 1D and 2D tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanostructures. A series of WO3 with different nanostructures were prepared and used as working electrodes to fabricate electrochromic devices for smart windows applications. Facile spray coating was applied on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate to make ∼70 ​% transparent working electrodes to investigate their charge insertion capacities, electrochromic active surface area, and colouration efficiency. Results showed that the 2D WO3 nanoflakes displayed the highest diffusion coefficient for the intercalation of 1.52 ​× ​10 −10 ​cm2/s with an increased electrochemical active surface area of 25.10 ​mF/cm2, a large modulation of optical reflectance (42.63 ​%) with 3.79 ​s shorter response time for bleaching and a greater colouration efficiency (CE) value (89.29 ​cm2/C) at 700 ​nm compared to the CE value for 1D WO3 (of 22 ​cm2/C) and 0D WO3 (8 ​cm2/C). The outcome of this study provides a new insight and valuable contribution to design an efficient electrochromic coating by controlling and optimising the nanostructures of selective electrochromic materials.

Epoxy resin-based polymer-wall stabilized liquid crystal films with low driving voltages and improved mechanical performance for smart window applications

Polymer stabilized liquid crystals (PSLCs) have wide applications in smart windows and light shutters. However, for most applications, it requires low driving voltages and high mechanical performance, which is arduous to achieve both. Herein, a novel epoxy resin-based PSLC device is prepared showing improved electro-optical and mechanical properties simultaneously. This is benefited from the construction of a period polymer wall structure in liquid crystal matrix through cationic polymerization of epoxy monomers and preparation of multi-functional surfaces through self-assembly of silane mixtures. The multi-functional surfaces could ensure homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals and photo-polymerize with the polymer networks. As a result, the polymer-wall stabilized liqduid crystal (PWSLC) film with multi-functional surfaces shows lower (24%) saturation voltage, higher (20%) contrast ratio and improved (2.4 times) peel strength than the PSLC film with only vertical alignment surfaces. This research provides important reference to experiment and manufacture of reverse-mode dimming films for smart windows applications.

High-quality VO2 thin films sputter-deposited on borosilicate glass substrates for modulating solar transmission and thermal emission

M1-phase VO2 exhibits a reversible phase transition between the insulating and metallic states at T = ∼341 K, and VO2-based smart windows have been extensively studied. The smart window application requires the growth of high-quality VO2 films with a large resistivity change and small hysteresis width (ΔT) on glass substrates using a scalable deposition method such as sputtering. However, the polymorphic nature of VO2 makes it challenging to obtain high-quality VO2 films on ordinary window glasses (borosilicate and soda-lime glasses). Thus far, VO2 films sputtered on glass substrates have exhibited resistivity changes of 1.5–2 orders of magnitude and ΔT = 3–19 °C. In this study, we show that high-quality VO2 films with a resistivity change of 2.5−3.0 orders of magnitude and ΔT = 2 °C can be grown on borosilicate glass substrates via radio-frequency sputtering followed by thermal annealing. The simultaneous achievement of such a large resistivity change and small hysteresis width is highly encouraging not only for smart windows but also for other applications. With respect to the modulation of solar transmission and thermal emission with temperature, the performance levels of the produced VO2 films were 70−75 % of those expected from pure M1-phase VO2 films.

Enhanced electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystals doped with functional nanofibers for applications of efficient smart windows and advanced anti-counterfeiting

The development of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) capable of infrared smart tuning and displaying distinct information under ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light presents significant challenges. These challenges include the tuning of electro-optical properties and IR reflectivity, the preparation of complex patterns, and the display of different display states under various stimuli. In this work, nanofibers doped with alumina-zinc oxide nanoparticles (AZO NPs) and loaded with cesium tungstate nanoparticles (Cs0.33WO3 NPs) into PDLC not only enhanced their electro-optical properties but also added infrared shielding. Temperature regulation tests demonstrate that PDLC films can intelligently modulate infrared light reflection, offering superior shading and temperature regulation capabilities. PDLC smart windows integrated with nanofibers achieve a temperature coordination function, maintaining a temperature differential of 12.1 °C compared to standard PDLC. This significant enhancement underscores their potential for applications in thermally regulated smart windows. In addition, a full-wavelength anti-counterfeiting mode for PDLC was developed using a screen-printing strategy to display different information under various wavelengths of light. Noteworthily, the anti-counterfeiting system exhibits a bright fluorescent pattern under UV light, a scattering pattern under visible light, and an infrared-modulated pattern when viewed with an infrared detector. Furthermore, an advanced dynamic anti-counterfeiting mode with time response was created using nanofibers loaded with different concentrations of Cs0.33WO3 NPs. This advanced anti-counterfeiting material can be used as multimodal and dynamic anti-counterfeiting label, which greatly facilitates the development of novel anti-counterfeiting and optical sensing materials.

Study of ultra-wide bandgap beryllium based perovskite ZBeF3 (Z = Na, Rb, Cs) alloys for smart window applications: A DFT insights

UV radiation affects the human body due to the fact that it might penetrate through the skin and damage biological cells. In the present study, density functional theory (DFT) within the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) approximations (GGA-PBE) is used to examine certain structural, optical, electronic, and physical characteristics exhibited by the beryllium-based cubic perovskite ZBeF3 (Z = Na, Rb, Cs) compounds. The substances ZBeF3 (Z = Cs, Na, Rb) exhibit space group 221-pm3m, with (4.07, 3.61, and 3.89) Å lattice factors and (67.76, 47.33, and 58.88) Å3 volumes that correspond to their structural features. Simulated findings show that the ZBeF3 (Z = Cs, Na, Rb) exhibit indirect bandgaps of 5.19, 6.12, and 6.61 eV, respectively. All compounds appear to be insulators based on their band structure features. Optical characteristics of compounds such as conductivity, absorption, and reflectivity that represent the interaction between light and matter are investigated. These materials appeared to be robust but brittle, as demonstrated by their greater bulk modulus B with respect to elastic properties, Pugh's ratio, and B/G ratios, in addition to Vickers hardness. According to research, the compound ZBeF3 can be applied to cars, sunglasses, and room windows to serve as UV protection and a reflecting layer.

Carboxyl-functionalized dual pH/temperature-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) microgels based on isogenous comonomers for smart window applications

Stimuli-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL)-based microgels, which could response to small external environmental changes, have attracted great interests in the fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology. However, the preparation of such microgels meets severe challenge due to their low incorporation efficiency and thermoresponsivity passivation. To address these issues, we select 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-N-vinylcaprolactam (TBVCL), a carboxyl-functionalized VCL derivative, as a comonomer to develop pH/temperature dual-responsive microgels. TBVCL, with a structure similar to VCL, enhances incorporation efficiency and colloidal stability, while reducing thermoresponsivity passivation. The volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the microgels can be adjusted over a broad range (19.0–49.5 °C). Notably, the radial swelling ratios of the microgels can be modulated by pH, achieving a maximum swelling ratio of 3. The distinct changes in dissolution-precipitation behavior under different temperatures or pH conditions make these microgels suitable for applications such as smart windows and sensors. Furthermore, this novel approach for fabricating microgels with pH-tunable phase-transition temperatures demonstrates significant potential for the controlled release of nanoparticles (e.g., drugs, catalysts, and quantum dots) and the development of smart nanocrystal-polymer composite sensors.

Employing the DFT engineering to tune the optoelectronic properties and mechanical performance of Europium-doped Barium Magnesium Silicate (BMS): a comparative study using HSE06 and GGA+U+SO functionals

With exceptional opto-electronic properties, BaMgSiO4 (BMS) is a valuable candidate for inorganic photochromatic materials. The host matrix BMS’s applications in high density optical memory, smart windows, photo switches, and LEDs have drawn the interest of researchers all over the world. So, the WIEN2k Package was employed to compute the optoelectronic properties of BaMgSiO4 and Ba1-xEuxMgSiO4. The electronic characteristics at the Ba/Eu sites of Ba1-xEuxMgSiO4 were investigated using the Full Potential Linearized Augmented Plane-Wave technique (FP-LAPW). Modern exchange and correlation potentials, namely the Heyd-Scuceria-Ernserhof (HSE06) and the GGA+U+SO potential, were employed to accurately describe the band structure and band gaps of the alloys. The parental material are identified as p-type semiconductors while the Eu doped materials as p-type semiconductors with gap energies of 4.147 and 3.172 (5.683 and 3.501) for BMS and BMS:Eu using GGA+U+SO (HSE06), respectively, are observed. The study included assessments of structural stabilities and mechanical optimization, with the obtained results precisely matching experimental outcomes. The BMS and Eu doped BMS material exhibit stable and ductile characteristics, as confirmed by the acquired elastic data, indicating rigid structures.

Binder-enhanced reversible photochromic films by tungsten oxide hybrid composites for advanced applications

In this study, we developed binder-enhanced reversible photochromic tungsten oxide (WO3) films for advanced applications. Expanding on previous research, we used tungsten oxide hybrid composites as the base material and incorporated various binders, specifically polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate 80 (PS 80), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), to evaluate their effects on reversible photochromic reactions. Our experiments demonstrated that the inclusion of CMC significantly improved the photochromic properties and exhibited the fastest reversible reactions when compared to PEG and polysorbate 80. This enhancement is attributed to the high density of hydroxyl groups and the network structure of CMC, which facilitate efficient proton transfer and oxygen permeability, both crucial for the reoxidation process in WO3. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported these findings by indicating that CMC has a suitable bandgap and electron mobility, which enhance charge injection and transport. Additionally, the fabricated films showed consistent and stable performance under both heat treatment and natural ambient conditions. These results underscore the potential of CMC as an effective binder for developing high-performance, reversible photochromic films suitable for applications in smart windows, displays, and optoelectronic devices.

Development of Advanced Solid-State Thermochromic Materials for Responsive Smart Window Applications.

This study introduces the synthesis and detailed characterization of a novel thermochromic material capable of reversible alterations in its thermotropic transmittance. Through an emulsion polymerization process, this newly developed material is composed of 75-85% octadecyl acrylate and 0-7% allyl methacrylate, demonstrating a pronounced discoloration effect across a narrow yet critical temperature range of 24.5-39 °C. The synthesized powder underwent a battery of tests, including differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, as well as scanning electron microscopy. These comprehensive evaluations confirmed the material's exceptional thermal stability, uniform particle size distribution, and strong anchoring properties. Building upon these findings, we advanced the development of thermochromic polyvinyl butyral films and laminated glass products. By utilizing a coextrusion technique, we integrated these films into laminated glass, setting a new benchmark against existing glass technologies. Remarkably, the incorporation of thermochromic PVB films into laminated glass led to a significant reduction in solar irradiance of 20-30%, outperforming traditional double silver low-emissivity glass. This achievement demonstrates the exceptional shading and thermal insulation properties of the material. The research presented herein not only pioneers a valuable methodology for the engineering of smart materials with tunable thermotropic transmittance but also holds the key to unlocking enhanced energy efficiency across a spectrum of applications. The potential impact of this innovation on the realm of sustainable building materials is profound, promising significant strides toward energy conservation and environmental stewardship.