Smart Tourism Destinations Research Articles

Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics for Risk Management in Digital Tourism Ecosystems

Participation and inclusion in the business ecosystem have emerged as a growing trend for company collaboration in areas such as innovation, product development, and research. Collaborations can take many forms, ranging from the traditional value chain to strategic alliances, corporate networks, and digital ecosystems. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics (BDA) play key roles in developing smart tourism destinations by delivering efficient management solutions, increased public safety, and improved operational efficiency while managing different risks and challenges, while also being a source of such risks and challenges. The objective of this article was to investigate the potential of IoT and BDA to properly control the risks associated with participants in a tourism destination’s digital ecosystem. The authors used the systematic literature review (SLR) method to examine scientific and applied articles on this subject. As a result, the main risks of the digital tourism ecosystem (DTE) as a whole and of the IoT and BDA technologies used in it were identified and classified; the features of DTE that affect risk management in it were distinguished; IoT technologies and their applications used in DTE were outlined; and the roles of DTE participants and the possible IoT technologies that can successfully address the risks associated with a given role were defined.

Optimization of smart tourism destination management based on linear regression model

Abstract With the rapid development of Internet communication technology, the tourism industry will certainly transform and upgrade to the direction of wisdom, and the organization and dissemination of tourist destination information will become a breakthrough in tourism development. This paper firstly constructs a tourism management system (DMS) in line with the idea of smart tourism development by constructing a process line from market opportunity analysis, interest motivation analysis, strategic planning stage, strategy implementation stage and evaluation improvement stage, respectively. Secondly, the evaluation model of tourism destination development based on logistic regression is systematically constructed, and the parameter estimation method is used to estimate the value for 8 influencing factors that affect the development of tourism destinations. The results show that through the empirical analysis of the Guizhou smart tourism destination management system, it is found that the AUC value shows an increasing trend, and the 5km grid has the smallest AUC value. When the grid continues to increase, the AUC value shows a decreasing trend, slowly decreasing from 0.836 (20km) to 0.844 (25km). It shows that the intelligent tourism destination management system constructed in this paper is reasonable and lays the theoretical foundation for realizing regional barrier-free tourism and achieving the development goal of integrated symbiosis.

A Two-Tuple Linguistic Model for the Smart Scenic Spots Evaluation

The evaluation on the level of smart scenic spots is crucial in the planning and development of smart tourism destinations. However, existing evaluation approaches for smart scenic spots lack scientific rigor and practical applicability. To address this issue, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method that combines qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation to establish a weighted index system for assessing the level of smart scenic spots. The approach utilizes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, integrating linear weighted comprehensive evaluation methods, fuzzy mathematics, and the concept of two-tuple. Moreover, the concept of level eigenvalue is introduced to facilitate the evaluation of smart scenic spots. The proposed two-tuple model and evaluation method demonstrate strong operability, applicability, and promotional potential, as evidenced through example calculations and analysis.

Implications of Distributed Energy Development in Blockchain-Based Institutional Environment

This research focuses on the high urgency of utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance Smart Tourism Destinations (STDs). The integration of AI and IoT technologies offers unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize various aspects of tourism, from personalized recommendations to real-time data collection. The research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state, challenges, and future direction of STDs in the context of AI and IoT integration. It explores various AI techniques and IoT-enabled data collection mechanisms that can enrich the traveler experience and improve destination management. However, challenges such as privacy and data security issues need to be addressed. The research also provides foresight into future technologies like Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) that can further enhance STDs. The ultimate goal is to contribute to the development of smarter, visitor-oriented tourism destinations. The research highlights the significance of AI in shaping STDs and emphasizes the importance of addressing ethical considerations, data quality, interpretability, and human-AI collaboration to ensure responsible and effective use of AI in the tourism industry.

Kolaborasi Pentahelix dalam Smart Tourism Destination Kota Semarang: Studi Kasus Pada Aplikasi Lunpia

The development of tourism will provide many benefits for the community both economically, socially, and culturally. The integration of technology in the tourism sector is an innovation that supports sustainable tourism. The collaboration is a strategic step in tourism development. The tourism sector in Indonesia began to be developed using a collaborative approach in 2016 when the Ministry of Tourism release GBCAM synergy (governance, business, community, academy, and media) also known as the Pentahelix approach. These five elements are currently used as a model of sustainable tourism development. In the digital era, various technologies are applied to maximize the potential of tourist destinations to become smart tourism destinations. Semarang is one city apply smart tourism with the help of technology. This city develops a mobile application namely “Lunpia” to provide information about tourist destinations. This study aims to analyze the Pentahelix collaboration among tourism industry stakeholders regarding the development of the application. This study maps the role of each stakeholder in application development to support tourists in the post-pandemic situation. A qualitative approach was used in this study to get a deeper understanding of the study. The result indicated that the collaboration between stakeholders is not fully attained. The further result is discussed in the full article.

Towards a Smart Tourist Destination: Improving Quality of Life in Puerto Vallarta

Towards a Smart Tourist Destination: Improving Quality of Life in Puerto Vallarta

The factors influencing STD through SOR theory

Smart Tourist Destinations (STDs) are revolutionising the tourism landscape by leveraging technology to enhance tourism experiences. Nonetheless, this study shows that little attention has been paid to how tourists' perceptions impact the use of tourism applications within STDs. To address this gap, the study introduces a unique conceptual framework based on the Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) model. This approach considers various aspects, such as social, cultural, physical and environmental stimuli, while also considering satisfaction and perceived value as internal responses and loyalty as the ultimate response. A quantitative study of 554 tourists visiting the STD of Cáceres was conducted to validate this framework. The findings provide insights into the relationships among stimuli, mobile apps and loyalty, offering transformative potential for shaping tourists' attitudes and behaviours. Overall, this study sheds light on the transformative potential of technological solutions in STDs and presents practical implications for destination management and the development of effective strategies to improve tourism experiences.

DTI-BR model applied in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, for its transformation into a smart tourism destination

With the increasing concentration of people and services in urban centers, there is a growing prevalence of issues related to mobility, accessibility, housing, access to urban infrastructure, safety, leisure, tourism, sanitation, and sustainability. In response to the need for sustainability, these urban centers integrate information and communication technologies to optimize and assist in decision-making for public service management. As smart cities integrate the social, physical, and digital systems, they enable a participatory model of government management. Touristic cities, which include smart city indicators and integrate sustainability and technology throughout the tourism value chain, create sustainable development based on local limitations and capacities while enhancing the integration of technology throughout the tourism destination’s value proposition. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the municipality of Foz do Iguaçu as a smart tourism destination by applying the DTI-BR model. As a result, the application of the DTI-BR model in Foz do Iguaçu showed evidence that the municipality needs to improve its indicators to be considered a smart tourism destination, which implies the need for improvements in public-private partnerships for the municipality’s development as a smart city.

Web accessibility and inclusivity of tourist destinations at social media management. An intercultural analysis of Andalusia and Northern Morocco

AbstractTourists with disabilities, representing approximately 15% of the world's population, especially need everything planned for their tourist experiences. Therefore, the contents and level of digital accessibility are vital and significantly impact the final decision to travel to one destination.This work analyses a total of 165 digital contents (152 in Andalusia and 13 corresponding to Northern Morocco) from the perspective of web accessibility and inclusive communication in social media. The method used is multidisciplinary, carrying out a series of analyses through the statistical language R, TAW as an online tool to analyse the website's accessibility and synthesise guidelines for communicating inclusively in social networks.The main results show the scarce involvement of public bodies in inclusive communication and digital accessibility, designing content from the universal design perspective. There is no substantial difference between the two regions studied, identifying that European legislation and national regulatory framework in Andalusia's case do not favour a better level of web accessibility, although this is a mandatory aspect. Furthermore, very few differences have been noted in analysing the level of Smart Tourism Destinations when accessibility is fundamental in their conceptualisation. Finally, this research can be identified as state-of-the-art in tourism marketing as a conceptual approach and a starting point for measuring inclusive communication in social networks.Nowadays, accessible tourism is an opportunity to be placed at the centre of recovery plans in the post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, let us facilitate more inclusive societies, using tourism as a lever to achieve this goal.

Role of data safety and perceived privacy for acceptance of IoT-enabled technologies at smart tourism destinations

ABSTRACT Smart tourism with the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled technologies is the future of global tourism. This study examines smart tourism adoption based on trust and risk theories integrated with the technology adoption model (TAM). Perceived privacy and safety-security risks are discussed as key issues that affect the tourists’ level of trust in the technology, which influences perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes, and behavioural intention. The study involved collecting data scientifically from 427 tourists to validate the proposed hypotheses using structural equation modelling. All the hypotheses were supported. This work provides a hierarchical model that highlights the intermediary role of trust contingent on perceived safety and security risk and perceived privacy risk, as well as that of ease of use, usefulness, and attitudes as a pathway for shaping the behavioural intention for IoT-enabled technologies at a smart destination. The findings can help develop smart tourism solutions optimized for IoT devices to enthuse trust and in turn, make visitor experiences rewarding.

Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things on Smart Tourism Destinations: A Comprehensive Study

This research focuses on the high urgency of utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance Smart Tourism Destinations (STDs). The integration of AI and IoT technologies offers unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize various aspects of tourism, from personalized recommendations to real-time data collection. The research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state, challenges, and future direction of STDs in the context of AI and IoT integration. It explores various AI techniques and IoT-enabled data collection mechanisms that can enrich the traveler experience and improve destination management. However, challenges such as privacy and data security issues need to be addressed. The research also provides foresight into future technologies like Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) that can further enhance STDs. The ultimate goal is to contribute to the development of smarter, visitor-oriented tourism destinations. The research highlights the significance of AI in shaping STDs and emphasizes the importance of addressing ethical considerations, data quality, interpretability, and human-AI collaboration to ensure responsible and effective use of AI in the tourism industry.

Measurement and determinants of smart destinations’ sustainable performance: a two-stage analysis using DEA-Tobit model

ABSTRACT With a two-stage analysis framework, this paper investigates how information communication technology can improve the sustainable performance of smart tourism destinations. It analyzes the impact of online attention (in the form of activity on a search engine) and the level of the digital economy on sustainable performance of smart tourism destinations, measured using an advanced data envelopment analysis model. The empirical results from 50 key smart tourism destinations in China show that: (1) the average value of smart destination performance from 2008 to 2019 is 0.74; (2) both online attention and digital economy have significant positive impacts on sustainable performance; (3) digital economy positively moderates the impact of online attention on sustainable performance; (4) undesirable outputs (air pollution) and tourist satisfaction are two factors that can be considered in measuring the sustainable performance of a destination.

Value co-creation in smart tourism destinations

PurposeThis study aims to describe the concept of smart tourism, placing emphasis on the smart tourism ecosystem and value co-creation concept within the system at a destination level. The work also summarizes the key challenges associated with smart tourism implementation and development.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted as a critical literature review, discussing the outcomes of a wide range and scope of relevant academic literature on the chosen concepts.FindingsSmart tourism can be described as the use of information and communication technology (ICT) technologies to facilitate and enrich tourism products, services and experiences. Within the smart tourism ecosystem, all stakeholders – customers, suppliers, intermediates, the public sector, service providers, destination management organizations and others –participate in the synergies and value co-creation, also share the benefits from it. The ultimate aim of a smart tourism ecosystem is to create sustainable economic, social and environmental benefits for all and promote destination competitiveness. Smart tourism implementation is also associated with several challenges, of which the most important are participation, an overwhelming amount of data, data privacy and technology adoption.Originality/valueThe paper provides a critical review of the recent and relevant literature in order to define and discuss the mechanisms of value co-creation in a smart tourism ecosystem and the challenges associated with it.

Environmental tourism sustainability strategies for the positioning of Guayaquil as a Smart Tourist Destination

Smart Tourist Destinations (SMT) are innovative spaces that guarantee sustainable development in the tourist territory. The objective of this study is to propose strategies of environmental tourism sustainability for the positioning of Guayaquil as a SMT. Through the mixed typology, several sections have been developed, which are governed in the following order: Part I, describes the approach and background of the problem, its general and specific objectives, as well as the justification. Part II, analysis of the bibliographic review that corresponds to the study variables, as well as the referential antecedents that the subject of study has, Part III, the study methodology will be detailed and the one that will be applied for the development of thework, in addition, the study population and sample are established. Part IV, the results obtained, the discussion, conclusions and recommendations will be shown.

Environmental tourism sustainability strategies for the positioning of Guayaquil as a Smart Tourist Destination

Smart Tourist Destinations (SMT) are innovative spaces that guarantee sustainable development in the tourist territory. The objective of this study is to propose strategies of environmental tourism sustainability for the positioning of Guayaquil as a SMT. Through the mixed typology, several sections have been developed, which are governed in the following order: Part I, describes the approach and background of the problem, its general and specific objectives, as well as the justification. Part II, analysis of the bibliographic review that corresponds to the study variables, as well as the referential antecedents that the subject of study has, Part III, the study methodology will be detailed and the one that will be applied for the development of thework, in addition, the study population and sample are established. Part IV, the results obtained, the discussion, conclusions and recommendations will be shown.

Smart destination competitiveness: underscoring its impact on economic growth

PurposeThe current study is designed to investigate the factors that foster the framing of destination competitiveness and establish the factors that drive the contribution of tourism innovations to economic growth in smart tourism destinations.Design/methodology/approachA four-year panel data were extracted from the World Economic Forum's travel and tourism competitiveness index and data were analysed using Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood regression model.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that both the enabling environment and airport infrastructure significantly affect tourism's impact on the economy of the selected smart European tourism destinations. Conversely, human resources and general infrastructure display a negative correlation with tourism's contribution to the economy. However, no data in the sample support the idea that tourism policies, government prioritization or readiness of tourism information and communication technologies impact tourism's contribution to the economy. Additionally, the marginal effects indicate that improving the enabling environment and airport infrastructure can generate additional benefits for the economy through tourism.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this study is the integration of smart tourism destinations with the measure of destination competitiveness to provide an empirical bridge that links tourism competitiveness to economic growth.

Governmental Strategies and Policies in the Projection of Smart Tourist Destination: An Approach to the Conceptual and Theoretical Qualitative Analysis

This study aimed to carry out an approach for a conceptual and theoretical analysis of governmental strategies and policies to project whether a tourist destination is smart or intelligent. Governments, those responsible for planning the development of a country, have been looking for new mechanisms for the development of the tourism sector after the uncertainty caused by the global health crisis. From the theoretical perspective, the Smart Tourist Destination (STD) concept could be a mechanism or strategy that strengthens the development of tourism in its different typologies in each tourist region. The COVID-19 pandemic generated discouraging scenarios in destinations where tourism is the main activity; however, at the same time, it highlighted important aspects to consider in order to prevent this type of situation. Local governance, which acts as a catalytic instrument in promoting tourism, is a central factor in diversifying tourism from a sustainable perspective, in which local actors can be involved to satisfy the demand of tourists or visitors to the destination. The methodology used was qualitatively based on the technique of content analysis of thematic literature review using databases, scientific journals, books, book chapters, websites, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus databases, among others. The main results of the research show that there are different strategies and government policies that have served as the basis for the promotion of smart tourist destinations in other tourist regions of the world, and where interconnected collaboration in networks using technology is the basis of this intelligence in action to offer the tourism products of destinations.

Stakeholders Perception of Smart Tourism Technology for Tourism Destination

Smart tourism has become the importance component in tourism development. Technology attributes that suitable for tourism destination need to be highlighted. This study explores the knowledge and attitude of tourists towards smart tourism attributes. This preliminary study used an online focus group discussion is made with five panels of tourism stakeholders that representing the local tourist perspectives to discuss the attributes of smart for tourism destinations. The findings highlight the technologies for smart tourism that focus on mobile app, website, QR Code application, physical infrastructure and other requirement also been highlighted. This study can be used as a preliminary understanding on the potential of smart tourism destination. The framework also can give benefits the destination’s marketing and tourism stakeholders in planning and developing the smart tourism destination.

Smart tourism destination: A bibliometric review

This study aims to review the articles published in journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database on smart tourism destination (STD) using the bibliometric analysis technique. In line with this main purpose, the annual number of STD articles, WoS categories, and indexes, most productive countries, country collaborations, most productive institutions, co-citation network of journals, most cited articles, and authors, co-citation network of authors, and most used author keywords were analysed. The WoS database was scanned between the 1975- December 2021 period and 70 articles were found. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 bibliometric data analysis software was used in the analysis. The results obtained from the analysis show that the first article on STD in the WoS database journals was published in 2013. However, it has been determined that Spain is the leading country in the world in terms of article productivity, country collaboration, and centrality. Most of the STD articles have been published in the SSCI- indexed journals and hospitality leisure sport tourism category. According to other results, the most productive institution is Universidad de Alicante, the most cited article is published by Boes et al., titled “Smart Tourism Destinations: Ecosystems for Tourism Destination Competitiveness” and the author with the highest co-citation count is Ulrike Gretzel. With this study, the current situation and emerging trends in the STD literature are revealed and a research guide for future studies is formed.

Systematic Literature Review Analysing Smart Tourism Destinations in Context of Sustainable Development: Current Applications and Future Directions

The growing popularity of smart tourism destinations (STDs) has increased the need to investigate their potential impact on sustainable development. This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to analyse the past achievements and future directions of smart tourism destinations in the context of sustainable development. The review was conducted through a systematic literature review that examined 20 papers using a rigorous framework of the research problem, the primary delimitation of the research, and the definition of the data collection and extraction tools. The review focuses on identifying and analysing the current state of the research on SLRs in smart tourism destinations and their implications for sustainable development. This includes the research questions, methods, journals, dates of publications, and key themes. The review also examines the implications and limitations of SLRs in this field, and it identifies gaps in the literature and areas for future directions. The review found that SLRs have been used to examine the impacts of smart tourism destinations on various aspects of sustainable development, such as economic, social, and environmental aspects. Additionally, the review found that there is a growing interest in smart cities, with a focus on reducing the environmental footprint of tourism and promoting sustainable tourism development. The review also identified the emerging research areas in the literature, such as the achievement of the sustainable development goals, the adoption of green IT, smart energy, and waste management.