Smart Regulation Research Articles

Design of a predictive control system for the smart regulation of renewable climatization systems

The objective of this Project is to design a predictive controller for Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning in residential buildings is designed. A realistic residential home has been designed, establishing the dynamics of the temperature according to a theoretical model that has been elaborated, being the basis for the actuation of the temperature-regulation controller. Several simulations have been carried out, defining the objective function and the constraints associated, together with the controller parameters that allow an optimal performance, taking into account different criteria such as thermal comfort and reduction of power consumption for different scenarios. In addition, electricity selfgeneration has been also contemplated, integrating it into the controller actuation for leveraging the increase in economic savings.

Comprehensibility of Legal Rules as a Means of Smart Regulation

Comprehensibility of Legal Rules as a Means of Smart Regulation

Smart City Policy: Strategy and Implementation to Realize Smart Urban Governance in Indonesia

This paper elaborates on policies, strategies, and implementation of Smart Cities in Indonesia. Due to regulatory, strategy, and implementation problems for Smart City, there are still differences in understanding and strategy in its implementation. Smart urban governance is part of a smart city, so one strategy to implement smart urban governance is a smart city policy in Indonesia. There is a fragmentation of inconsistent approaches, policies, implementations, and strategies in practice. This research will develop arguments, analyze published articles and regulations, and map them out. The research method used was a qualitative approach. The data sources used were articles from Scopus which found 213 articles using the keywords smart city policies and smart urban governance and regulations, which were then processed using VOSviewer and Nvivo 12 Plus software. This study indicated that to implement smart urban governance in Indonesia, strategies such as the first need to be supported by the central government to make a policy regarding smart cities, including smart urban governance, followed by smart city policies in the towns in Indonesia. Second, there are technological developments that support the implementation of smart cities. Third, there are institutional and human resource factors, but these are still obstacles to implementing smart cities in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the urban issues developed in Indonesia are mega-urban in the big island, urban management and financing, housing for lower-income, sustainable urban infrastructure, and resilient disaster mitigation and management.

Interfacial-Catalysis-Enabled Layered and Inorganic-Rich SEI on Hard Carbon Anodes in Ester Electrolytes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Constructing a homogenous and inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI) can efficiently improve the overall sodium-storage performance of hard carbon (HC) anodes. However, the thick and heterogenous SEI derived from conventional ester electrolytes fails to meet the above requirements. Herein, an innovative interfacial catalysis mechanism is proposed to design a favorable SEI in ester electrolytes by reconstructing the surface functionality of HC, of which abundant CO (carbonyl) bonds are accurately and homogenously implanted. The CO (carbonyl) bonds act as active centers that controllably catalyze the preferential reduction of salts and directionally guide SEI growth to form a homogenous, layered, and inorganic-rich SEI. Therefore, excessive solvent decomposition is suppressed, and the interfacial Na+ transfer and structural stability of SEI on HC anodes are greatly promoted, contributing to a comprehensive enhancement in sodium-storage performance. The optimal anodes exhibit an outstanding reversible capacity (379.6 mAh g-1 ), an ultrahigh initial Coulombic efficiency (93.2%), a largely improved rate capability, and an extremely stable cycling performance with a capacity decay rate of 0.0018% for 10 000 cycles at 5 A g-1 . This work provides novel insights into smart regulation of interface chemistry to realize high-performance HC anodes for sodium storage.

Best practices in the African Medicines Regulatory Harmonization initiative: Perspectives of regulators and medicines manufacturers.

In the African Medicines Regulatory Harmonization initiative, national regulatory authorities (NRAs) within each of Africa's regional economic communities coordinate their activities, rely on the work of one another and other trusted regulatory authorities, and apply other principles of smart regulation. The first regional medicines regulatory harmonization (MRH) initiative in Africa was launched in 2012, with the goal of accelerating access to quality, safe, effective medical products, and now five MRH initiatives are active on the continent. Thus, a wealth of knowledge regarding best practices and approaches to dealing with common challenges has accumulated. The goal of this qualitative study was to gather and share information on these best practices. To do this, we conducted interviews with key participants from four regional MRH initiatives-the East African Community (EAC), Southern African Development Community (SADC), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), and Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)-as well as representatives from the pharmaceutical industry. Here we explore major themes that emerged from the interviews: 1. Transparency and reliability are critical; 2. Reliance is essential for smart regulation; 3. Multiple successful strategies for NRA capacity building have been identified; 4. Communication between heads of agencies is essential; 5. Cooperation at the regional level is not possible without leadership at the NRA level; 6. Sustainable funding remains challenging; and 7. Industry has important insights. We hope that the information on best practices shared in this article can benefit regional MRH initiatives inside and outside of Africa, ultimately helping them accelerate access to quality, safe, effective medical products.

Highly‐Efficient Ion Gating through Self‐Assembled Two‐Dimensional Photothermal Metal‐Organic Framework Membrane

AbstractBiological ion channels regulate the ion flow across cell membrane via opening or closing of the pores in response to various external stimuli. Replicating the function of high ion gating effects with artificial porous materials has been challenging. Herein, we report that the self‐assembled two‐dimensional metal‐organic framework (MOF) membrane can serve as an excellent nanofluidic platform for smart regulation of ion transport. The MOF membrane with good photothermal performance exhibits extremely high ion gating ratio (up to 104), which is among the highest values in MOF membrane nanochannels for light‐controlled ion gating reported so far. By repeatedly turning on and off the light, the nanofluidic device shows outstanding stability and reversibility that can be applied in the remote light‐switching system. This work may spark promising applications of MOF membrane with variety of stimuli responsive properties in ion sieving, biosensing, and energy conversion.

Highly-Efficient Ion Gating through Self-Assembled Two-Dimensional Photothermal Metal-Organic Framework Membrane.

Biological ion channels regulate the ion flow across cell membrane via opening or closing of the pores in response to various external stimuli. Replicating the function of high ion gating effects with artificial porous materials has been challenging. Herein, we report that the self-assembled two-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) membrane can serve as an excellent nanofluidic platform for smart regulation of ion transport. The MOF membrane with good photothermal performance exhibits extremely high ion gating ratio (up to 104 ), which is among the highest values in MOF membrane nanochannels for light-controlled ion gating reported so far. By repeatedly turning on and off the light, the nanofluidic device shows outstanding stability and reversibility that can be applied in the remote light-switching system. This work may spark promising applications of MOF membrane with variety of stimuli responsive properties in ion sieving, biosensing, and energy conversion.

Healthy and High‐Quality Single‐Source Lighting Based on Double‐Doped Tin Halide Engineering

AbstractSingle‐source white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) with smart regulation of correlated color temperature (CCT) are indispensable for the next generation of WLEDs aimed at healthy and high‐quality illumination, where a suitable CCT value is closely related to our emotions and circadian rhythm. Herein, this work constructs a single‐component emission layer WLED with high performance for controllable daily lighting through Bi3+/Te4+ dual‐doped Cs2SnCl6 engineering. The efficient energy transfers between triple self‐trapped exciton states from Bi3+/Te4+ doping allow two tunable broadband emissions that can cover the full‐color region, thereby yielding a standout color‐rendering index of 94 for the fabricated WLED. The robust stability against heat, ultraviolet light, and environmental oxygen/water induces a long half‐lifetime of WLED up to 1104 h. Moreover, the dual‐doped strategy endows the emitter with excitation‐dependent luminescent characteristics, enabling the single emissive layer device to realize switching control of cold‐, positive‐, and warm‐white light by converting the excitation chip. Meanwhile, continuous regulation of CCT for different application scenarios can be achieved by adjusting the current of different chips. This work constitutes a solid step toward building single‐source WLEDs for smart and healthy lighting based on dual‐doped lead‐free metal halides.

Legal Design as Means of Smart Regulation

The article is dedicated to the exploration of possibilities of using legal design for smart regulation. Smart regulation aimed at obtaining the maximum effect by minimal means is connected to using a range of instruments, one of which is nudging. The nudge theory is used in behavioral economics; it is suggested to consider the peculiarities of human thought and behavior bearing in mind that in most cases humans behave irrationally, they are led by emotions, cognitive bias, they tend to follow the majority. It is suggested to form the choice architecture in such a way that a human would prefer the most sensible option while not losing the freedom of choice. An important element in forming the choice architecture is the availability of information, which provides effective communication. Availability and completeness of information provided by plain language let people fully comprehend the consequences of their actions. It is proven that comprehensibility can be achieved through legal design of documents, which implies applying different means of simplification of form and content to a legal document (a contract, a judicial act, a normative legal act). The means of simplification of form are structurization, visualization, using tables, diagrams, readable font, while the means of simplification of content is plain language of a document.
 Examples of requirements of the law to the structure and design of contracts that lead to financial obligations are listed in the article. The conclusion is drawn out that the means of legal design provide availability of information, which leads to using reflexive thinking, which implies realizing the consequences of one’s actions, making rational and informed decisions; all of it can be viewed as the aim of smart regulation.

Smart And Green Campus Regulatory Design As Untirta's Legal Policy To Improve the Quality of Participatory Higher Education

<span lang="EN-US">The formation of a policy regulation does not have general guidelines because it is the authority of each institution which is not binding on other institutions and is weak in giving sanctions, while the formation of a statutory regulation must be guided by Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment Laws and regulations that have been amended by Law Number 15 of 2019 by providing space for the public to participate. This research uses qualitative research methods with a normative juridical approach. Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University is one of the State campuses in Banten, which needs to design smart and green campus regulations to improve the quality of participatory higher education. This policy is a legal policy to shape the quality of higher education as smart and green campuses</span>

SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONTEMPORARY RISKS AND CHALLENGES

The direction of our research is based on the problem of sustainable business development in the context of the global risks and contemporary challenges. In the article, the authors emphasize the need to find new ways of business development in the conditions of contemporary crises and challenges, among which a key place is given to the COVID-19 and Russian military aggression in Ukraine.Accordingly, the research hypothesis consists in the assumption that the effective management of the economic development of business should be based on a deep understanding of contemporary challenges and global risks affecting the development of each specific country currently in the medium and long term. The main goal of the research is to develop a model of the process of smart business regulation, taking into account consumer behavior in conditions of contemporary risks and challenges. The article notes that the basis of the proposed model of smart regulation in the conditions of modern challenges lies in decision-making theories based on uncertainty. In conclusion, the authors note that the development and implementation of smart regulation, focused on risks and challenges proportional to them, is an important approach to increasing efficiency, strengthening effectiveness and reducing the overall burden on the economy. The article finds that the COVID-19 crisis and Russia's military aggression in Ukraine have demonstrated the obstacles that regulation can create for crisis response when it is disproportionate to the risk or when the trade-offs between different risks are not adequately anticipated. It also demonstrates the importance of regulatory flexibility and emergency management, as well as the use of new technologies. The use of the proposed model is especially relevant in the context of the impact of future risks - threats to the ecosystem, epidemiology threats, security threats, threats of digital rights violations, and threats to economic stability.

Mesoporous Silica‐Guided Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework with Enhanced Water Adsorption Capacity for Smart Indoor Humidity Regulation

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising for indoor humidity regulation due to steep stepwise water uptake and moderate regeneration temperature. Current approaches for performance improvement of MOFs such as impregnating hygroscopic salts and grafting functional groups face the challenge of corrosion and instability. Herein, a template‐guided tuning strategy is proposed to synthesize binary nanocomposite. Highly ordered mesoporous channels of MCM‐41 provide uniform nucleation sites for MOF growth, enabling a 21.5% promotion of specific surface area (3188.14 m2 g−1) and 23.4% improvement of water uptake (1.53 g g−1 at 20°C/90% relative humidity) for the nanocomposite compared with parent MIL‐101(Cr). The fast kinetics and superior stability together guarantee its practical application. Further, a paradigm of continuous indoor humidity regulation driven by sunlight is demonstrated, which realizes smart regulation of the indoor humidity to the human comfort zone (40–60%) with near‐zero energy input.

Self-Adaptive Electronic Structure of Amphoteric Conjugated Ligand-Modified 3 d Metal-C3 N4 Smart Electrocatalyst by pH Self-Response Realizing Electrocatalytic Self-Adjustment.

Constructing pH-responsive smart material provides a new opportunity to address the problem that traditional electrocatalysts cannot achieve both alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities. In this study, amphoteric conjugated ligand (2-aminoterephthalic acid, BDC-NH2 )-modified 3d metal-anchored graphitic carbon nitride (3d metal-C3 N4 ) smart electrocatalysts are constructed, and self-adaptation of the electronic structure is realized by self-response to pH stimulation, which results in self-adjustment of alkaline OER and acidic HER. Specifically, the amino and carboxyl functional groups in BDC-NH2 undergo protonation and deprotonation respectively under different pH stimulation to adapt to environmental changes. Through DFT calculations, the increase or decrease of electron delocalization range brought by the self-response characteristic is found to lead to redistribution of the Bader charge around the modified active sites. The OER and HER activities are greatly promoted roughly 4.8 and 8.5 times over Co-C3 N4 after BDC-NH2 -induced self-adaptive processes under different environments, arising from the reduced energy barrier of O* to OOH* and ΔGH* . Impressively, the proposed BDC-NH2 -induced smart regulation strategy is applicable to a series of 3d metal anchors for C3 N4 , including Co, Ni and Fe, providing a general structural upgrading method for constructing smart electrocatalytic systems.

Formation of phenolic compound-loaded zein films at the air–liquid interface and their controlled release profiles: Effects of the polarity of phenolic compounds

Polyphenols are frequently utilized antioxidants in active packaging and anti-immflamotary bioactives in tissue engineering. Herein, we introduced a novel method for the rapid (<5 s) fabrication of interfacial self-assembled zein films (ZF) at the air–water interface. Polyphenols with different partition coeffient (Log P), namely, curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin, were simultaneously loaded during the laterally occurred self-assembly process of zein molecules, respectively. Efficient loading and smart regulation over the physical distribution, intramolecule interaction and release profile in ZF were achieved. The main zein-polyphenol interactions exhibited hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions that modulated the surface micromorphology of ZF and the release kinetics of different polyphenols. The log P of polyphenols affected the strength of the interaction of zein molecules, which in turn influenced the sustained release properties of polyphenols. This “bottom-up” strategy offers a novel way to rapidly incorporate and delicate control over the release of polyphenols.

Driving Competitive Advantage in Cleantech Companies: A Model of Smart Regulation, Organizational Agility, and Technological Innovation

Context: Organizational environments have undergone major changes in the face of technological innovation advances in the industrial sectors. Looking at this context, technology startups have used increasingly technological and digital resources to delivery services and products with low or zero impact to the environment.&#x0D; Objective: The paper aims to present a propositional model that encompasses the theoretical lenses of Organizational Agility (OA) by boosting Diffusion of Technological Innovation (DTI) in companies and clean technology to obtain Competitive Advantage (CV).&#x0D; Methodology: A multiple case study with a qualitative approach was carried out with Cleantech organizations, supported by 22 semi-structured interviews from 17 clean technology companies in the areas of ​​renewable energy, energy efficiency and commercialization in addition to water treatment. The results were supported by the content analysis technique.&#x0D; Results: The AO can potentialize the DTI to achieve competitive advantage. Behind this, new categories were founded in this research: Agile Culture Values as a background for Digital Transformation to create a Smart Regulation to promote technological innovation in products and services at companies with sustainable solutions.&#x0D; Contribution: This article contributes with a new model matching by the perspective of OA modify the positioning of managers and founders, to amplify the diffuser scenario of innovation and technology in the organization, reverberating in new market positions. The scientific contribution lists a research program based on the emerging categories of work, flowing into advances in the research field of Cleantech Organizations.

Multidimensional identification of single and regional meteorological drought considering flash‐season synthesis employed daily standardized effective precipitation and drought index in Guangxi, China

AbstractThe frequent occurrence of extreme drought events in Guangxi has caused huge losses to human beings and economy in the region for many years. Therefore, this study adopted run theory and the objective identification method of regional extreme events (OITREE) and then carried out the comprehensive feature identification of multidimensional elements such as intensity, duration and area of meteorological drought events based on the daily standardized effective precipitation and drought index (SWAP) sequence of Guangxi from 1979 to 2018a. By comparing the evolutionary characteristics of drought elements identified by grid SWAP statistical analysis and OITREE, an integrated optimization scheme combining the accuracy of grid analysis and area identification is formed in this study. It was confirmed that the above two analysis methods had good correlation and consistency in revealing the evolution process of multidimensional elements of drought events. In terms of the frequency of drought events over a long period of time and the comprehensive characteristics of each element, the identification results of the OITREE method can better reveal the comprehensive characteristics of drought in Guangxi. Furthermore, the study found that flash droughts and seasonal droughts occurred alternately and were superimposed concurrently in Guangxi, and there were significant differences in the multidimensional spatial and temporal characteristics of these two types of droughts. Specifically, the frequency of flash drought was 1.60–4.00 times·(a)−1, the duration varied from 20 to 60 days·(a)−1 and the concentration point of drought had a region‐wide dispersion; while the frequency of seasonal drought was 0.82–1.65 times·(a)−1, the duration varied from 40–105 days·(a)−1 and the concentration point of drought had a local concentration. The research results can provide effective scientific support for operational drought refined forecast and early warning, and smart regulation of drought disaster risk.

КОНЦЕПЦИЯ «УМНОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ» (SMART REGULATION) В ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ ПО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМУ УПРАВЛЕНИЮ

The purpose of this article is to introduce the smart regulation approach. The approach is one of the main theories for the implementation of government regulation. There are few scientific studies on smart regulation in Russian science, although the study of this approach is developed in world science. Moreover, these Russian research papers are of an applied nature and focus on specific aspects of the approach, often neglecting other. Quite a lot of foreign studies on public administration explore and develop the smart regulation approach. There are those prepared at the stage of approach formation and published quite recently. A review of these studies makes it possible to acquaint the reader with the multifaceted characteristics of the approach, the variety of tools it offers, and the breadth of application of its elements. In addition, the review includes Russian-language publications that study specific elements of smart regulation and their implementation in Russia.

Exposition mechanism for promoting technologies for creating environmentally sustainable cities

The environmental agenda of global development, temporarily suspended by the sanctions regime due to objective circumstances, cannot be lifted, it needs to be reset, taking into account the logistical, technological and investment constraints that have arisen. Possibly less ambitious and locally focused eco-projects are required. The analysis of the experience of eco-cities recognized as the best has shown that the effectiveness of the integrated use of cleaning and recycling technologies, methods of reproduction and consumption of energy resources, technologies of transportation and organization of public spaces, smart regulation of the housing and communal system, etc. it is sufficient to compensate for the impact of rising cost factors. At the same time, the frontal implementation of eco-technologies in practice is hindered by political instability, low investment activity, and the lack of development of technologies, especially bearing in mind the confirmation of the effectiveness of their use in practice. Taking into account the practical results and the identified problems, the author suggests using an exposition mechanism for promoting eco-projects with the possibility of iterative, as soon as ready, expansion of innovative technological content of projects.

Концепция «умного регулирования» в контексте идей правовой государственности: дискуссионные проблемы современного развития

The article is devoted to the study of debatable aspects of the relationship between the concept of «smart regulation» that is actively developing at the present time and the ideas of the rule of law. In this context, various aspects of the development of relevant views are explored, taking into account the socio-historical and political and legal features of the emergence and development of the ideas of «smart regulation», the differentiation of continental European and Anglo-American approaches to the interpretation of legal statehood (rule of law), as well as differences its formal and substantive concepts. Based on the results of the study, the author highlights the main problems of the theoretical compatibility of the ideas under consideration, draws conclusions about their possible practical consequences. At the same time, the paper also highlights the promising «points of contact» of «smart regulation» and a number of conceptual elements of the theory of the rule of law, further study of which, in the author's opinion, can lead to a synthesis of the relevant areas of political and legal thought.

Научные основания методики подталкивания как нового средства правового регулирования

The close attention of the modern theory of lawmaking to behavioral methods involves not only an assessment of the prospects for their use in the practice of legal regulation, but also an analysis of their scientific foundations, theoretical origins. Understanding the nature of human behavior is necessary to select adequate means of legal action. The lack of such an understanding among legislators leads to overestimated expectations from the adoption of normative legal acts: well-founded, socially useful rules may face rejection from society and mass disregard for legal requirements. Explaining the motives of people's behavior and decision-making mechanisms, psychological science helps to find the best means of influence, to implement "smart" regulation of human relations.&#x0D; In the article, the origins of ideas about behavioral methods of regulation are associated not only with the development of behavioral economics (R. Thaler), but also with earlier studies in psychology (S. Freud). The idea of smart regulation is compared with approaches known from the history of political and legal thought to the concept and essence of legal regulation.