Smart Mobile Systems Research Articles

Highly Sensitive and Low Detection Limit Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Modified TiO2 Cocooned Elastic Sponge for Wearable Applications

Pressure sensors with excellent performance have widely attracted extensive interest in developing flexible sensors. Polyurethane (PU) sponge has attracted wide attention owing to their porous structure, excellent mechanical flexibility, and elasticity. Herein, we reported an efficient strategy to enhance the performance of the capacitive pressure sensor by fabricating a cocooned PU elastic sponge consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The tactile perception mechanism and sensing properties of the developed devices were investigated. In addition, the TiO2@PU sponge prepared with 1 mg/mL nano-TiO2 aqueous solution enhanced interfacial polarization exhibiting a significantly improved dielectric property. The capacitive sensor exhibited superb electromechanical properties such as an ultrahigh sensitivity of 0.93 kPa <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , a low detection limit of 1.4 Pa, and stability over 1000 cycles. This flexible sensor can be used as a wearable electronic skin mounted on the human body for real-time indicator monitoring. High sensitivity and low detection limit make the sensor a potential candidate for multifunctional sensing platforms such as wearable electronic devices, flexible displays, smart mobile systems, and more.

The Impact of Electronic Tourism Marketing Systems on The Characteristics and Behavior of The Digital Tourism Consumer in Light of Smart Mobile Phone Technology (As an Intermediate Variable)

This study was conducted with the aim of researching the impact of electronic tourism marketing systems on the characteristics and behavior of the digital tourist consumer in the presence of smart mobile phone technology (as an intermediate variable). Is there an impact of the use of smart mobile phone technology and its applications on the digital tourist consumer when completing the purchase of the tourism product. The electronic questionnaire was used as a means of data collection, which was launched through the Internet. The results of the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between electronic tourism marketing systems and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer, as well as the existence of a significant impact relationship between smart mobile phone technology and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer, in addition to the existence of a significant influence relationship between smart mobile phone technology and electronic tourism marketing systems . The results confirmed the existence of a significant effect of smart mobile phone technology (as an intermediate variable) on the influence relationship between each of the electronic tourism marketing systems and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer. By adopting smart phone technology and its tourism applications and integrating them into tourism marketing operations in Egypt.

Music Streaming Services as Adjunct Therapies for Depression, Anxiety, and Bipolar Symptoms: Convergence of Digital Technologies, Mobile Apps, Emotions, and Global Mental Health

Mobile technologies and music are recognized as opportunities to address mental health challenges (1–3), while clinical and economic benefits of mobile health (mHealth) are currently studied (4–6). Herein, we describe feasibility of repurposing music streaming services as therapies for affective disorders. According to the World Health Organization, there are 350 million people worldwide suffering from depression, and 60 million people living with bipolar disorder. Patients with affective disorders such as depression, anxiety, or bipolar spectrum, and their caregivers are challenged with managing disease symptoms, long-term treatments, and disabilities. Between 1990 and 2010, there has been a 41% increase in public health burden of mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, as measured by disability-adjusted life years (7). Depression accounts for 40.5% of total disability-adjusted life years among mental and substance-use disorders, whereas anxiety and bipolar disorder account for 14.6 and 7%, respectively (8). A long-term morbidity in bipolar spectrum disorders emphasizes the needs to improve treatments for depression (9). Treatments of affective disorders include mainly antidepressant, antipsychotic medications, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The efficacy of antidepressants for children and adolescent patients (10), medication adherence, and limited access to CBT in many countries continue to be a challenge for public health. Treatments of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms comprise CBT, psychosocial, and self-care interventions, also delivered via online and digital technologies (7, 11, 12). Opportunities for developing mobile apps and web-based interventions for neurological and mental disorders are economically feasible and coincide with the global adoption rates for smartphones (6, 13–16). Promising findings from clinical testing of mobile apps, e.g., in depression (17), are accompanied by challenges in patient engagement (18) and alignment of clinical and digital contents (19). Converting a mobile phone into low-cost virtual reality devices (exemplified by a Google VR cardboard) extends its potential medical applications (20, 21). Growing number of health-related wearables and devices measuring electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate variability, or mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) systems, expand the use of digital technologies in medicine, including mental health [a 5-week treatment with EEG-based musical neurofeedback improved depression scores by 17% (22)]. Companies like Apple, Samsung, LG, Microsoft, Fitbit, Empatica, Emotiv, NeuroSky, or Muse develop smart watches and mobile EEG systems with health/wellness applications, whereas WellDoc, Akili Interactive, or Pear Therapeutics are engaged in converting mobile apps and games into medical device-based therapies for specific chronic diseases. Given accessibility of smartphones and the internet, we discuss opportunities for music streaming services to be developed as adjunct therapies and prevention of depressive, anxiety, and bipolar spectrum symptoms.

Social Comparison, Goal Contagion, and Adoption of Innovative Information Technology

ABSTRACTWhen adopting a new, innovative information technology (IT), most institutions tend to lack knowledge about it initially. However, they often adopt new ITs despite their illiteracy. This behavior is difficult to explain using rational IT adoption theories. Focusing on the organizational decision-making process behind adoption of innovative IT, we examine the strategy by which some companies compensate for their lack of knowledge: collection of information from other companies that have successfully adopted IT previously. We develop a new IT adoption model for which goal contagion theory and social comparison theory are combined to interpret the circumstances under which organizations tend to adopt new, innovative IT despite limited knowledge about it. Big data, cloud services, and smart mobile systems are considered as examples of innovative IT in the empirical study.

Direct SMT Interconnections of Large Low-CTE Interposers to Printed Wiring Board Using Copper Microwire Arrays

This paper reports compliant microwire copper arrays, in thin polymer carriers, as an innovative approach for direct surface mount technology (SMT) attach of large silicon, glass, and low coefficient of thermal expansion organic interposers to printed wiring boards (PWBs). The microwire arrays (MWAs) are prefabricated as free-standing ultrathin carriers using standard, low-cost manufacturing processes such as laser vias and copper electroplating. Such wire array carriers are then assembled in between the interposer and the PWB as a stress-relief interlayer. The MWA interconnections show low interconnection stress and strains even without the underfills. The approach is extensible to larger interposer sizes ( $20~\textrm {mm} \times 20~{\rm mm}$ ) and finer pitch (400 $\mu \text{m}$ ), making it suitable for smart mobile systems. The parallel wire arrays that form each joint result in low resistance and inductance, and therefore, do not degrade the electrical performance. The scalability of these structures allows extendibility to finer pitch and larger interposer sizes for high-performance applications. The finite-element method was used to design the MWAs to meet the thermomechanical reliability requirements. Computational models were built in 2.5-D geometries to study the reliability of 400- $\mu \text{m}$ -pitch interconnections with a 100- $\mu \text{m}$ -thick, $20~\textrm {mm} \times 20~{\rm mm}$ silicon interposer that was SMT-assembled onto an organic PWB. The warpage, equivalent plastic strain, and projected fatigue life of the MWA interconnections are compared with those of the ball grid array interconnections. A unique set of materials and processes was used to demonstrate the low-cost fabrication of the MWAs. Copper microwires with $15~\mu \text{m}$ diameter and 50 $\mu \text{m}$ height were fabricated on both sides of a 50- $\mu \text{m}$ -thick thermoplastic polymer carrier using dry-film-based photolithography and bottom-up electrolytic plating. The copper microwire interconnections were assembled between silicon interposer and FR-4 PWB with SMT-compatible processes. Thermomechanical reliability of the interconnections was characterized by thermal cycling test from −40°C to 125 °C. The initial fatigue failure in the interconnections was identified at 700 cycles, consistent with the models.

Smart Cities &amp; 21st Century Economic Development &amp; Welfare Holistic Approach Towards a Roadmap Strategy Development for RAK Emirate

Modern economic concepts and models are nowadays abounding, thus creating a challenge in keeping pace with the global economic and technological developments, for both institutions and individuals, often failing to grasp the true meanings and purposes of the latter; thus receding chances for economic communities to make use of the sound scientific content therein, fair value, great benefits and implied objectives to achieve economic development and welfare. In recent years, and after the spread of some the concepts such as “sustainability”, “clean and green energy”, "e- government"; the "Smart" concept is nowadays strongly imposing itself in the local scene, after UAE Federal Government and Dubai Emirate have adopted and embarked onto “Smart Progressive” plan implementation. Candid man-of-the-street assumptions would inevitably and systematically link the concept to applications for smart phones and mobile systems and the exploitation of technological resources in everyday life. Whereas, in fact this is only a part of a whole integrated and wide-ranging economic system in which technology plays a pivotal role alongside with several other most prominent and crucial factors. The present paper deals with introduction to the “Smart” economic model implementation in our City of the future, with focus on criteria, requirements, indicators and role and contribution of citizens, government and institutions, aiming at shedding the light onto a hot topic with critical impact on present and future holistic economic action plans.

Smart places: Multi-agent based smart mobile virtual community management system

Now-a-days advances in mobile device technology aim to build complex computational systems providing a maximum level of flexibility, decentralization, simplest form of interactivity, and ease of use. Recently, the launch of the agent-oriented platform JaCaMo and its Android client based platform JaCa-Android have provided an appropriate level of abstraction to build smart mobile client server systems providing these attributes. By using these platforms, we have developed a multi-agent based Smart Mobile Virtual Community Management System (SMVCMS) that makes it possible to provide a decentralized and open management of virtual communities. This paper addresses the design and architecture of our multi-agent server and client application. It elaborates different features of our system; such as how a participant in virtual communities is supported by a Jason agent that encapsulates the logic and the control of the participation in a virtual community (such as publishing posts, notifying members, making recommendations for the user, etc.). It also discusses how the set of CArtAgOartifacts provides the basic functionalities and operations giving access to the functionalities for knowledge exchange in virtual communities, and personal agents onAndroid exploit these artifacts to execute their tasks while achieving their individual and collective goals. We have employed SMVCMS in the context of Smart Cities and found that the system fulfills the desired goals, such as decentralization of community management, personalized automatic management and discovery of communities, autonomy of agents and flexibility so that any agent can create its own community with the maximum level of ease.

You‐are‐here maps in emergencies –the danger of getting lost

This article evaluates criteria for the design of so‐called You‐Are‐Here (YAH) maps, i.e. maps that explicitly indicate the position of the map reader. Established design criteria are rendered more precise and applied in an exemplary assessment of three YAH maps as they can be found in public buildings as part of a general emergency scheme. The clarification of the YAH map terminology is necessary to allow for assessing the quality of existing YAH maps and consolidates the basis of rule‐based generation of location‐aware information services. Possibilities for further empirical evaluation of YAH maps are discussed and the role of location‐aware technology is considered for smart mobile systems and smart environments.