The first article, by Kanerva Sunila, Pertti Järventausta, and Ari Ekroos, makes the case that climate change mitigation targets push forward drastic changes in electricity systems and cause new challenges for electricity market actors. It argues that smart grids are commonly seen to support the solving of these future challenges. The article focuses on the question of how smart grid and smart electricity system development have been integrated as targets to the Finnish electricity market legislation. It further argues that electricity distribution system operators are expected to carry the main burden in the smart grid development. As a result, the focus will be in the regulation and legislation applied to them. However, smart grids only are not enough to create a smart electricity system; smart markets are needed. The authors suggest a certificate system for smart grids, given that the encouraging elements in regulation for both smart grids and smart markets seem to be currently inadequate.