Smart City Initiatives Research Articles

IoT-based centralized wireless patient tracking and surveillance system with a cutting-edge approach for advanced healthcare oversight and data-driven analysis

The construction of smart cities has been progressing quickly due to advancements in 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Smart transportation systems and smart medical ideas are also being explored alongside smart city initiatives. Integrating the two mentioned technologies, a smart navigational method for ambulances is being developed. When severe patients arrive via ambulance, significant time is wasted in relaying data, and the hospital needs to gain prior knowledge of the patient's condition. An efficient system called the IoT-based Wireless Patient Tracking Method (IoT-WPTM) is proposed to diagnose patients quickly by recording vital metrics such as heartbeat, temperature, and breathing rate using detectors. These variables are transmitted wirelessly to the healthcare before the ambulance is dispatched, allowing doctors to begin medical care promptly. If necessary, the patient monitors the ambulance's position to anticipate arrival and get immediate directions to the closest hospital. The user carries the gadget and is also placed in the ambulance. The gadget allows IoT devices and Android apps to enhance user interaction and streamline information delivery. IoT-WPTM can be surpassed with ease and in a more effective manner for smart medical surveillance systems.

Reducing Carbon Emissions: An Analysis of Smart City Initiatives and the Carbon Reduction Test

The need to cut carbon emissions in cities have become more pressing in an age of unparalleled urbanization and climate change. Using both quantitative and qualitative analysis, this study looks at how smart city efforts affect the decrease of carbon emissions. Carbon Reduction Test results and comparative studies show that smart cities with a comprehensive approach—including renewable energy use, energy-efficient buildings, public transportation upgrades, green energy projects, waste management enhancements, and energy-efficient transportation—achieved significant carbon emission reductions. These results demonstrate the transformational potential of smart cities in supporting international sustainability efforts and the efficacy of diverse techniques in reducing the urban carbon footprint.

ФАКТОРЫ ОНЛАЙН-ДОВЕРИЯ ПРИ ОБЩЕНИИ С РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫМИ ВЛАСТЯМИ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГА

Regional governments commonly use e-government technologies when setting out to deliver value to the public. While the use of technology has become a standard of modern public management, risks and limitations associated with its use, such as lack of trust from constituents, need to be carefully examined in light of city experiences, an endeavor that is still scarcely undertaken in the context of smart city initiatives. This paper examines trust regarding online platform usage in St. Petersburg, Russia. The research questionnaire was based on a set of variables that characterize the experience of using information technologies in different areas and in terms of attitudes towards them. A survey of 800 St. Petersburg residents was conducted (the sampling error does not exceed 4%, the confidence level is 95%) and statistical methods (correlation analysis, multiple regression, principal component analysis) were applied. Findings suggest that online trust is multidimensional and influenced by factors related to positive perceptions of institutions, political efficacy of online initiatives, and satisfactory past experience. The implications of these findings and future directions are presented in the context of the e-government research agenda.

IoT Based Automated Waste Management System for Sustainable Cities

Innovative approaches are required to effectively manage waste disposal and recycling in light of the growing global waste crisis. Conventional waste management systems frequently require real-time data and inefficiencies to be addressed, which results in inefficient use of resources and damage to the environment. In order to assess waste management, this paper suggests utilizing data analytics and Internet of Things (IoT) technology advancements along with the integration of smart bins. Installing compactors to optimize space usage, sensors to detect fill levels, and connectivity to send real-time data to a central management system are all features of smart bins. This makes it possible for waste management firms and municipalities to keep an eye on waste generation trends, improve collection routes, and more efficiently allocate resources. Furthermore, by adding features like gamification and reward programs, smart bins can encourage recycling and promote public engagement in sustainable waste management practices. Comparing smart bins to conventional waste management techniques reveals a number of benefits. Municipalities that offer actionable insights into waste generation and disposal behaviors can lower operating costs, minimize their impact on the environment, and improve overall service quality. Additionally, incorporating smart bins improves the quality of life for locals and promotes sustainability in line with larger smart city initiatives. This study looks at the technical aspects of smart bin systems, looks at case studies of effective installations, and talks about possible obstacles and factors to take into account before broad adoption. Communities can set the path for a future that is more effective, sustainable, and environmentally conscious by reevaluating waste management with smart bins.

Mexico and PRONACES towards to become a smart city

This paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis and mathematical modeling of the National Program for Smart Cities (PRONACES) initiatives in Mexico's journey towards smart city development. The focus is on examining how PRONACES integrates technological innovation with urban planning and sustainability, leveraging mathematical models to optimize and predict the outcomes of various smart city initiatives. The methodology includes a review of current literature to establish the state of the art, followed by the development and application of mathematical models to assess and forecast the effectiveness of PRONACES strategies. These models are based on a variety of parameters including urban growth, technology adoption, resource allocation, and environmental impact. Key findings demonstrate the significant role of PRONACES in transforming urban landscapes in Mexico. The mathematical models provide valuable predictions and insights into the potential outcomes of various smart city strategies, indicating pathways for efficient resource management, infrastructure development, and sustainable urban growth. The paper concludes with an emphasis on the importance of mathematical modeling in planning and implementing smart city initiatives. The challenges and opportunities presented by Mexico’s unique urban landscape are discussed, along with recommendations for future research and policy-making in the field of smart urban development.

Implementation of Digitalization of City Infrastructure for Improved Sustainability: Case Study on Smart City Project in Surabaya, Indonesia

The application of digitalization in urban contexts, particularly through Smart City initiatives, has become an important avenue to address the complexities of modern urban life. This study focuses on the Smart City Project in Surabaya, Indonesia, aiming to quantitatively analyze the impact of digitalization on sustainability indicators from a community perspective. A quantitative approach, including a survey of 190 residents and regression analysis, was used to comprehensively explore the relationship between demographic factors, perceptions of digital infrastructure and sustainability outcomes. The results showed statistically significant improvements in sustainability indicators, with waste reduction behavior and community satisfaction being particularly important. Regression analysis shows that age, income, and digital literacy significantly influence sustainability outcomes. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on Smart Cities initiatives, offering insights for policymakers, urban planners, and community leaders to increase the effectiveness of digitalization in fostering sustainable urban environments.

Smart Cities and Tourism: A Paradiplomatic Approach Between Jakarta and Galicia

This study investigates the role of paradiplomacy in fostering enhanced cooperation between Jakarta, Indonesia, and Galicia, Spain, focusing on smart city initiatives and tourism development. Sub-state actors such as city, NGO and MNC nowadays have the rights to participate in the national agenda. In this area, Jakarta and Galicia both are a good example, in which those cities have multiple similarities in achieving their national agenda. Jakarta is known as a capital city of Indonesia, who become the main area of national economy improvement. Also in the other hand, Jakarta applied a concept of smart city in order to maximize the potential of its own area. Jakarta has sucessfully applied the concept correctly, which it answered by the infrastructure sector Jakarta made MRT and LRT which one of the goals of the concept. Galicia is known as city who has huge potential in its tourism sector and, also the management of the sector is rather quite neat. this paper explores the potential for bilateral paradiplomatic engagement to promote economic and infrastructural development. The findings suggest that paradiplomacy not only serves as a vital instrument for urban development but also paves the way for sustainable and mutually beneficial international collaborations.

Impact of Transport Trends on Sustainability in the Western Balkans: A Future-Oriented Business Sector Perspective

This study examines the impact of emerging transport trends on the Western Balkans and their potential to improve the sustainability and efficiency of the transport sector in the region. In the context of global efforts to reduce environmental impacts and improve transport safety, the study aims to better understand the perspective of the business sector in order to align strategic planning for the introduction of new transport technologies and practices with the expectations of the business sector. Using a questionnaire-based survey on the Mentimeter platform, the study gathers insights from 49 transport and logistics experts. The analysis uses violin plots and heat maps to visualise the expected impact of the identified trends. The results show a consensus among the experts that the emerging trends are likely to lead to a reduction in accidents, congestion, and emissions, while at the same time increasing operating costs and investment in infrastructure. In particular, trends such as alternative fuels, electrification, and smart city initiatives are highlighted as important drivers for reducing emissions. The study concludes that while these trends are likely to lead to the achievement of environmental and safety goals, they also lead to economic challenges as operating costs increase and significant infrastructure investment is required. The study emphasises the need for strategic investment, policy adjustments, and capacity building to lead the Western Balkans towards a sustainable transport future.

Evaluating the Role of Key Infrastructure Companies in Advancing India's Smart City Initiatives: Case Studies of Larsen and Toubro Infrastructure, Reliance Infrastructure, and GMR Infrastructure Limited

Evaluating the Role of Key Infrastructure Companies in Advancing India's Smart City Initiatives: Case Studies of Larsen and Toubro Infrastructure, Reliance Infrastructure, and GMR Infrastructure Limited

Predicting People’s Concentration and Movements in a Smart City

With the rapid growth of urbanization and the proliferation of mobile phone usage, smart city initiatives have gained momentum in leveraging data-driven insights to enhance urban planning and resource allocation. This paper proposes a novel approach for predicting people’s concentration and movements within a smart city environment using mobile phone data provided by telecommunication operators. By harnessing the vast amount of anonymized and aggregated mobile phone data, we present a predictive framework that offers valuable insights into urban dynamics. The methodology involves collecting and processing location-based data obtained from telecommunication operators. Using machine learning techniques, including clustering and spatiotemporal analysis, we developed models to identify patterns in people’s movements and concentration across various city regions. Our proposed approach considers factors such as time of day, day of the week, and special events to capture the intricate dynamics of urban activities. The predictive models presented in this paper demonstrate the ability to predict areas of high concentration of people, such as commercial districts during peak hours, as well as the people flow during the time. These insights have significant implications for urban planning, traffic management, and resource allocation. Our approach respects user privacy by working with aggregated and anonymized data, ensuring compliance with privacy regulations and ethical considerations. The proposed models were evaluated using real-world mobile phone data collected from a smart city environment in Lisbon, Portugal. The experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our approach in predicting people’s movements and concentration. This paper contributes to the growing field of smart city research by providing a data-driven solution for enhancing urban planning and resource allocation strategies. As cities continue to evolve, leveraging mobile phone data from telecommunication operators can lead to more efficient and sustainable urban environments.

The Smart City Implementation and Development Model in Realizing Bureaucratic Reform in the Local Government of Cimahi City

This study delves into the implementation and development of a Smart City model as a strategic approach by the Regional Government to achieve bureaucratic reform. The aim is to address challenges associated with inefficient service systems, lengthy processes, organizational structures, and bureaucratic placements that hinder effective government management. Focused on Cimahi City's urban development strategy, the Smart City concept integrates the Internet of Things (IoT) and information and communication technology (ICT) to optimize city assets, enhance law enforcement, streamline government agency information systems, and improve community services. However, despite its potential, the government's Smart City strategy faces obstacles, including server errors, login difficulties, frequent application loading, cumbersome display interfaces, and unresponsive buttons. In response, this research proposes the TRSCM model as a framework for the effective implementation and development of Smart City initiatives, aiming to overcome barriers and contribute to the realization of meaningful bureaucratic reform in government organizations.

Spatial analysis and technological influences on smart city development in Kazakhstan

This study delves into the evolving landscape of smart city development in Kazakhstan, a domain gaining increasing relevance in the context of urban modernization and digital transformation. The research is anchored in the quest to understand how specific technological factors influence the formation of smart cities within the region. To this end, the study adopts a Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) as its core analytical tool, leveraging data on server density, cloud service usage, and electronic invoicing practices across various Kazakhstani cities. The crux of the research revolves around assessing the impact of these selected technological variables on the smart city development process. The SAR model’s application facilitates a nuanced understanding of the spatial dynamics at play, offering insights into how these factors vary in influence across different urban areas. A key finding of this investigation is the significant positive correlation between the adoption of electronic invoicing and smart city development, a result that stands in contrast to the relatively insignificant impact of server density and cloud service usage. The conclusion drawn from these findings underscores the pivotal role of digital administrative processes, particularly electronic invoicing, in driving the smart city agenda in Kazakhstan. This insight not only contributes to the academic discourse on smart cities but also holds practical implications for policymakers and urban planners. It suggests a strategic shift towards prioritizing digital administrative innovations over mere infrastructural or technological upgrades. The study’s outcomes are poised to guide future smart city initiatives in Kazakhstan and offer a reference point for similar emerging economies embarking on their smart city journeys.

KABUPATEN CILACAP MENUJU SMARTCITY: PENERIMAAN GEN Z-MILLENIAL DALAM VISI CILACAP SMART REGENCY

The development of Cilacap Smart City must consider the needs of its population, even though generally, districts and cities adopt similar Smart City systems. Cilacap is striving to develop Cilacap Smart City with a focus on achieving a balance between urban and rural areas. However, there has been no research on how rural communities, deeply rooted in cultural traditions and local wisdom, respond to this concept. This study aims to uncover the acceptance of the millennial and Gen Z generations in Cilacap towards Smart City, particularly the Cilacap Smart Regency program. In this research, the "Cilacap Smart Regency Millennial-Gen Z Adoption" model based on UTAUT2 theory is employed. The research methodology utilizes an online survey with 163 millennial and Gen Z respondents from Cilacap. Data is analyzed using PLS-SEM techniques and validated for reliability. The research findings indicate that perceptions of security and privacy influence trust in technology, although this trust does not affect the intention to use technology. Self-efficacy and effort expectations influence the intention to use Smart City technology. Trust in the government impacts the perceived value of technology, which in turn affects the intention to use Smart City technology. This study underscores the importance of involving the millennial and Gen Z generations in the development of Cilacap Smart Regency. Other critical factors include robust infrastructure, sustainability, sector collaboration, privacy protection, education, startup support, inclusivity, as well as community evaluation and feedback efforts to achieve success in the Smart City initiative in Cilacap Regency.

Smart urbanism, citizen-centric approaches and integrated environmental services in transit-oriented development in Jakarta, Indonesia

This research elucidates the intricate landscape of citizen preferences within Jakarta's Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) domain, navigating through environmental services integration and smart city initiatives. With Jakarta experiencing exponential urbanization, TOD is a pivotal strategy to amalgamate residential, commercial, and recreational spaces, seamlessly coupled with effective public transportation systems. However, achieving optimal urban living within TODs demands a deep understanding of Jakarta's citizens' diverse and nuanced preferences and needs. This study fills significant gaps in the existing literature by investigating citizen preferences' heterogeneity and willingness to pay (MWTP) for integrated environmental services in TODs. Employing advanced methodologies like the Random Parameter Logit (RPL) and the Latent Class Model (LCM), this research offers a granular insight into citizens' varied preferences and their financial commitments toward enhanced environmental services. The insights derived have been crucial in formulating pragmatic recommendations for refining TOD management strategies and policies in Jakarta, ultimately contributing to urban landscapes' equitable and sustainable development. Through a detailed exploration of preference heterogeneity and the integration of smart city concepts within TOD frameworks, this study paves the way for more inclusive, innovative, and citizen-centric urban development paradigms.

GIS-based model for the assessment of the smart sustainable development of municipalities of Northeast Bulgaria

In recent years, Bulgarian municipalities have introduced smart development systems. The Bulgarian state is at the top of the world rankings regarding household internet access and connection speed. The authors develop and validate a GIS-based model for the analysis and evaluation of sustainable cities. The authors conclude that in a global digital economy and society, Bulgarian regions need to improve the accessibility of WI-FI networks to meet the challenges of Smart Development. In recent years, the authors have observed a growth of Smart Cities initiatives in large areas of Northeast Bulgaria. However, Bulgarian municipalities in the study area are lagging in deploying smart governance systems.

Comparative review of Smart City from an urban planning perspective in Johor Bahru City and Petaling Jaya City

Smart cities are of great importance globally, and Malaysia recognizes this importance. The Malaysian government has launched various initiatives to encourage the ‘Smart City’ such as the framework (Malaysia Smart City Framework), blueprints, action plans, and standard, the Malaysian Standard for Smart Cities. The outlines the definitions, key principles, and strategies for adopting smart cities in Malaysia’s development. This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of smart city development in Malaysia and provide valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers in their efforts to create sustainable and efficient cities. The objective of this study is to compare the approaches and outcomes of smart city development between Johor Bahru City, Johor, and Petaling Jaya City, Selangor. This has analyzed and comprehended the trends in various features of smart city development of the cities. The study found that Johor Bahru City is making more efforts to develop as a smart city through effective governance and strategic planning for short-term and long-term goals same as Petaling Jaya City but focuses more on a one-stop center which promotes community togetherness with the governance. Nevertheless, at the regional level, Johor Bahru City has the Iskandar Malaysia Smart City Framework promoting Sustainable Smart City Vision, followed by the Johor Smart City Blueprint at the state level, and implemented via blueprints at the local authorities, which sets it apart from Petaling Jaya City. Both cities have well-planned smart city initiatives that integrate technology, energy, and the environment, including support for smart city components that suit their needs. Despite facing challenges, the city serves as a model for smart and sustainable development.

A Dynamic Urban Mobility Index from Clustering of Vehicle Speeds in a Tourist-Heavy City

The rapid urbanization of cities often brings about complex mobility issues, such as traffic congestion that, when unplanned, results in decreased productivity and quality of life. While many cities have adopted smart city initiatives to capture and monitor mobility, applying these in a developing country context remains a challenge when infrastructure and high-resolution spatial and temporal data are lacking. In this work, we use GPS data obtained from probe vehicles (a mix of public and private transport vehicles) within the city of Baguio, The Philippines, to develop and propose the Zone-based Speed Index (ZSI), a mobility index based on the speed clusters observed in this city. The ZSI dynamically infers monthly speed thresholds to classify zones as fast or slow and successfully captures the decrease in vehicle mobility associated with the impact of typhoons and holidays. Thus, it can be used to characterize urban vehicle mobility with high (hourly) resolution. Insights from the use of our dynamic mobility index are useful in the development and optimization of transportation systems, in monitoring the ease of vehicle mobility, and in the performance assessment of smart city initiatives, which are much needed in tourism hotspots.

M-Tech Profit Program Supports in the Smart City of Madiun

In the digital revolution era, affordable and accessible internet services are crucial for all segments of society, especially with the rise of industrial revolution 4.0. However, limited internet access primarily affects the upper middle class. To bridge this gap, the Madiun City Government initiated the Profit M-Tech program, introducing the Free Wi-Fi Program for Madiun Hand-held Technology. This study aims to (1) clarify the program’s goals, (2) analyze its benefits in education, economy, and socio-culture, and (3) assess its impact on supporting smart city policies. Findings show that the program has significantly increased internet accessibility for all classes, aided sectors like education and economy during the pandemic, and effectively supported smart city initiatives.

Assessing Factors Influencing Citizens’ Behavioral Intention towards Smart City Living

The adoption and results achieved by “smart city” projects heavily rely on citizens’ acceptance and behavioral intention to embrace smart city living. Understanding the factors influencing citizens’ behavioral intention towards smart city living is crucial for the effective development and rollout of smart city initiatives. This research paper aims to assess the factors influencing citizens’ behavioral intention towards smart city living using quantitative research methods. Through a comprehensive literature review, an ideation structure was developed, integrating theoretical perspectives from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The structure encompasses key variables such as perceived utility, convenience of use, engagement, trialability, observability, interoperability, willingness, and propensity to embrace smart city lifestyles. A quantitative methodological stance was employed to gather information from a statistically significant subset of citizens residing in urban areas in developed countries. A structured questionnaire, based on the theoretical framework, was formulated and distributed to the participants. Statistical analysis techniques, including structural equation modeling, were used for investigating connections between identified factors and citizens’ behavioral intention towards smart city living. Preliminary findings indicate that behavioral intention towards smart city living strongly depends on attitude and perceived usefulness. By addressing these factors, smart cities can foster greater citizen engagement, participation, and ultimately, the successful realization of smart city living.

A systemic approach to sustainable railway infrastructure planning: the case study of Milton Keynes

PurposeWith the rise in demand and adoption of smart city initiatives, it is imperative to plan the railway infrastructure, as it will have a huge positive impact if adequately integrated into the planning process. Given the complexities involved, a whole systems thinking framework provides a useful platform for rail transport planners.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposes a simple, adoptable framework utilising systems thinking concepts and techniques taking into cognisance the key stakeholders. Milton Keynes in the United Kingdom is the adopted case study.FindingsSelected systems thinking tools and techniques are adopted to develop a framework for mapping stakeholders and attributes when developing sustainable rail transport systems, taking note of their core functionalities and the complex systems wherein they exist.Practical implicationsThe desire to build future (smart) cities is to effectively match infrastructural resources with a rapidly growing population, and the railway sector can play a strategic role in building a much more competitive low-carbon-emission transport system, which is a driving force for sustainable development.Social implicationsThe urban rail service has become vital to urban development as railway stations serve as hubs for sustainable mobility to meet local requirements. Moreover, it takes extra effort to input railway development into smart city plans, as it is a herculean task to get governments to focus on it with clarity of purpose in passing legislation.Originality/valueThe developed framework reduces complexities when planning and designing rail transport systems compared to many of the existing reductionist planning approaches. The simplicity of the framework would also make it easily adoptable by a wide range of users.