Small Industrial Companies Research Articles

Sistema ISO 9001:2008. Experiencia de implementación en una pyme de confección de ropa industrial en el Perú, con énfasis en producción

Aplicar un Sistema de Gestión de Calidad (SGC) en una pequeña y microempresa (pyme) es una experiencia valiosa y un ejemplo para otras pymes en el Perú, es por ello, que se describe esta experiencia que obedece a un trabajo realizado para implementar el SGC ISO 9001:2008, con énfasis en producción, en una pequeña empresa de confección de ropa industrial, siendo esta, la primera del país en certificar en dicho rubro. El artículo señala los requisitos necesarios y el proceder adecuado que deben seguir las pymes de confección de ropa industrial para lograr una implementación exitosa en sus organizaciones y obtener la certificación.

EXPORTACIONES Y DESARROLLO DE LA PEQUEÑA EMPRESA NACIONAL

Ante las dificultades que muchas veces presenta el mercado peruano, dado su limitado tamaño para el desarrollo de la emergente pequeña empresa industrial, esta podría aprovechar las posibilidades que brinda el mercado ampliado de la Comunidad Andina –mayormente sin trabas arancelarias- para las empresas peruanas, planificando sus estrategias de desarrollo empresarial(1) incursionando en los mercados vecinos, donde la similitud con los consumidores locales y la cercanía física, facilitaría conseguir resultados comerciales favorables. En esta perspectiva, se analiza el impacto que pueden tener las exportaciones en su crecimiento de ventas, y como nuevo proveedor internacional, el desarrollo imprescindible de ventajas competitivas que le permitan ingresar a un primer mercado extranjero; asimismo, se revisan los cambios administrativos, productivos etc. congruentes con la nueva condición de empresa exportadora, y como estos repotenciarán la nueva organización. Del trabajo, centrado en la pequeña empresa, se vierten conclusiones sobre las posibilidades que se le presentan a estas unidades con la exportación, a fin de aprovechar su potencial para buscar el desarrollo contando con un extendido mercado internacional. 1 Larousse 1995, Diccionario (vincula el término desarrollo a la mejora y al crecimiento), página 202

Balanced Scorecard: an empirical study of small and medium size enterprises

Theory attributes advantages to the Balanced Scorecard as a performance evaluation method, when compared to exclusively financial measures. This study aims at analyzing Balanced Scorecard use and awareness rates amongst small and medium Portuguese industrial companies, researching factors that explain why the method is not familiar to all companies. Interviews were carried out with professionals in charge of management accounting in 58 industrial companies in eleven Portuguese districts. Evidence gathered allow us to conclude that very few enterprises use the Balanced Scorecard, and that most of the professionals interviewed are unaware of it. Research on explanatory factors allow us to conclude that awareness about this method depends on the individual characteristics of those in charge of management accounting, such as education and age; and on company characteristics, such as size.

Work Related Asthma in the Textile Industry

Nowadays, occupational asthma is the most common form of occupational lung disease in the world. In some countries the textile industry remains an important source of potential agents causing occupational asthma. In the textile industry several agents such as cotton dust and dyes may cause occupational asthma. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis/mechanisms, clinical presentations, management and prevention specific to occupational asthma in the textile industry.Work-related asthma risk is considerable. Current understanding of the mechanisms by which many textile agents cause occupational asthma is limited, especially for low molecular-weight sensitizers and irritants. The diagnosis is generally established on the basis of a suggestive history of a temporal association between exposure and the onset of symptoms and objective evidence that these symptoms are related to airflow limitation. Early diagnosis, elimination or reduction of exposure to the offending agent and early use of convenient therapy according to disease severity may play an important role in the prevention of long-term persistence of asthma. Its prevention in the textile industry should be both technical and medical. It depends on the difficulties to reduce dust level, the limits in arranging work station or in occupational rehabilitation. These difficulties are increased in small textile industry companies. Persistent occupational asthma in this sector is often associated with substantial disability and consequent impacts on income and quality of life. Prevention of new cases is the best approach to reduce the burden of asthma attributable to occupational exposures. This review also outlines different patents on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma.

Estratégias de desenvolvimento regional. Da grande indústria ao Arranjo Produtivo Local

The paper deals with regional development strategies in Brazil. It starts from the point of view that at present there are no objective reasons that constrain the country to adopt the same strategies of regional development which predominates in the more economically developed countries. It was done a review of the key development strategies of the central countries, from bibliographic research and qualitative approach. It was found that the countries of the center have given priority to the endogenous development (regional or local), which shows the replacement of macro approaches by micro-spatial approaches. The same strategy has been insistently recommended to countries like Brazil. In the context of large blocks of Brazilian strategic investments coordinated by the state, the model of networks of small and micro industrial companies makes sense. And in this case the form of supply chain, with the leadership of a large company, it is best recommended under a policy of developing the country.

Estratégias em pequenas e médias empresas-PEMS: uma simulação para a previsão da necessidade de capital de giro em uma pme do setor moveleiro

The macro-economical conditions of the country and the growing competition among companies increase theneed for financial planning, mainly in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in their initial stages or which areprojecting an increasing in business volume. The objective of this study is to propose a tool to forecast theworking capital needs of SMEs, using the entrance-exit model for projecting financial demonstrations, whichare sources of information for this calculation. The theoretical reference of the study is the Fleuriet model offinancial analysis, which approaches the calculation of the working capital need. As the research method, acase study was structured in a small industrial company. A model was elaborated (adapted from the Leontiefmodel), making it possible to consider alterations in the volume of business, stocking levels, customer andsupplier deadlines, and other operational bills, in order to forecast working capital needs.

Development of Work Organization and Productivity in a Small Industrial Company — A Case Study

The aim of the present study is to describe and analyze the preconditions for simultaneous development of productivity and work organization in a small company based on action research using the Hourglass model. The ongoing change process in the company is aiming at developing the competence of personnel and management in order to enhance relations with customers and the market. Its special focus is how external factors can improve productivity.

Value‐added information services for small and medium sized enterprises

The need for external information is steadily increasing in all kinds of organisations. Large companies have established special information service departments to handle the information searches. Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have to turn to commercial information services. However, they are only using information services occasionally because it is often difficult for them to realise the value of the information offered. The raw data available from online databases, for example, needs further processing to become valuable for small industrial companies. Keeping this in mind, the Information Service of the Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) has been developing value‐added services tailored especially for industrial SMEs. The main principle in the new service is solving industrial problems by further processing the comprehensive information gathered from various sources. The services are presented as information packages, e.g. Competitor Survey or Product Evaluation. The new services have been directly marketed to segmented clientele and the experiences so far have been promising.

Development of a Control System for a Film Processing Device and Technology Transfer to an Industrial Company

In cooperation with a small industrial company, the Institute designed a microcomputer based control unit for the automation of a film processing device. Special emphasis was laid on the detailed description of the concept and the operator interface. The concept supports all developing processes known and is extendible. The process steps are described by functional diagrams which aid an easy programming by students. A programmable testing device is utilized to inspect the product automatically. Due to the strict definition of both partners' tasks the cooperation between partners from distinct disciplines was accomplished successfully.

Marketing research in medium-sized U.K. and U.S. firms

There is substantial empirical evidence that demonstrates a clear association between marketing research and improved company performance. However, it has also been established that a large number of companies do not conduct marketing research or, to phrase it differently, ignore a management tool that could improve their performance. The problem is particularly severe among small and medium-sized industrial goods companies, as evidenced by two findings: 1) Only about 50% of industrial goods companies conduct marketing research compared with about 80% of all fast-moving consumer goods companies; 2) even in relative terms, small and medium-sized firms spend considerably less money than large firms on marketing research.

Industrial Revenue Bonds: A Source of Long-Term Financing

In the 1930's and 1940's industrial revenue bonds were little known and seldom used as a method of long-term financing. After gaining some popularity in the early 1950's, chiefly among small industrial companies, the bonds have gained wide acceptance in the past decade and have been issued by some of the largest corporations. These bonds have thus far enjoyed the tax-exempt status of municipal issues; this special feature has recently been the subject of widespread debate. The pros and cons of industrial revenue bonds as related to the experience of one large steel company are offered for guidance.

Executive Compensation Payments by Large and Small Industrial Companies

The data, 404. — Definitions, 407. — Number of executives, 409. — Fluctuation in compensation, 409. — Executive compensation and earnings, 411. — Executive compensation and sales, 415. — Executive compensation, earnings and dividends, 420. — Dollar compensation of chief executives, 426. — Relationship of assets to dollar executive compensation, 428. — Bonus policies, 429. — Conclusions, 432.