AbstractFew‐layer MoS2–graphene (FL‐MoS2/G) composites are successfully fabricated by using a facile hydrothermal approach with the assistance of a small amount of ionic liquid (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [BMIM]BF4). The effects of the ionic liquid on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the FL‐MoS2/G composites are investigated. It is found that the composites have quasi‐3D architectures composed of the interconnected graphene, on which the few‐layer MoS2 sheets with more edges and defects are anchored. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the FL‐MoS2/G delivers a high reversible capacity of approximately 1200 mA h g−1 with excellent cycle performance and enhanced high‐rate capability. The remarkable electrochemical performance can be attributed to novel features such as the robust quasi‐3D heterostructural architecture and the synergetic interaction between FL‐MoS2 sheets and graphene.