Slow Feeding Research Articles

Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Feeding Disorder

Feeding disorders are increasingly common in children, especially as medical advancements improve the life expectancy of children born with prematurity and complex medical conditions. The most common symptoms include malnutrition, refusal to eat and drink, food pocketing, disruptive feeding behavior, slow feeding, food selectivity or rigid food preferences, limited appetite, and delayed feeding milestones. A unifying diagnostic definition of pediatric feeding disorder has been proposed by a panel of experts to improve the quality of health care and advance research. Referral to specialized care should be considered when feeding problems are complex or difficult to resolve. In this review, we provide an overview of the evaluation and management of pediatric feeding disorders and information that may be useful when considering whether referral to specialized care may be beneficial.

Is building up substrate during anaerobic feeding necessary for granulation?

For a successful granulation process in activated sludge systems, the stimulation of slow growing organisms such as glycogen accumulating microorganisms (GAOs) is a key factor. Here we show that the introduction of an anaerobic feast followed by an aerobic famine phase successfully transforms bulking sludge, caused by the abundance of genus Kouleothrix, to a hybrid floccular-granular sludge. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated for 228 days treating the same industrial wastewater derived from the cleaning of trucks transporting liquid food (the cargo consists of approximately 70% chocolate and 30% beer). By respectively applying a fast and slow feeding in two parallel SBRs, different degrees of substrate build-up were achieved in the two reactors during the feast phase. The F/M ratio over the feeding time was 1.41 ± 0.48 and 0.57 ± 0.16 kg COD·(kg VSS*d)-1 for the fast-fed and the slow-fed SBR respectively. Our results demonstrate that substrate build-up during the anaerobic selection step is not necessary to obtain well-settling granular-like sludge.

Fast Feed Advancement for Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Fast feed advancement may reduce hospital stay and infection but may increase adverse outcomes in preterm and low birth weight infants. The objective of this study was to assess effects of fast feed advancement (≥30 ml/kg per day) compared with slow feed advancement (<30 ml/kg per day) in preterm and low birth weight infants. Data sources include Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Index Medicus through June 30, 2021. Randomized trials were selected. Primary outcomes were mortality, morbidity, growth, and neurodevelopment. Data were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used. A total of 12 RCTs with 4291 participants were included. At discharge, there was moderate certainty evidence that fast advancement likely slightly reduces the risk of: mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.73 to 1.18, I2 = 18%, 11 trials, 4132 participants); necrotizing enterocolitis (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.15, I2 = 0%, 12 trials, 4291 participants); sepsis (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.03, I2 = 0%, 9 trials, 3648 participants); and feed intolerance (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.10, I2 = 0%, 8 trials, 1114 participants). Fast feed advancement may also reduce the risk of apnea (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.12, I2 = 0%, low certainty, 2 trials, 153 participants). Fast feed advancement decreases time to regain birth weight (mean difference [MD] -3.69 days, 95% CI -4.44 to -2.95, I2 = 70%, high certainty, 6 trials, 993 participants,) and likely reduces the duration of hospitalization (MD -3.08 days, 95% CI -4.34 to -1.81, I2 = 77%, moderate certainty, 7 trials, 3864 participants). Limitations include heterogeneity between studies and small sample sizes. Fast feed advancement reduces time to regain birth weight and likely reduces the length of hospital stay; it also likely reduces the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality slightly. However, it may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disability slightly. More studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of fast feed advancement.

Phosphorus Removal from Aerobic Granular Sludge: Proliferation of Polyphosphate-Accumulating Organisms (PAOs) under Different Feeding Strategies

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is known for high phosphorus removal from wastewaters, and phosphorus can be recovered from high phosphorus-containing waste sludge granules. This study aimed at determining the feeding strategy that provides the best performance in terms of the proliferation of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) and phosphorus removal. Using three AGS bioreactors, this study compared phosphorus removal and the proliferation dynamics of PAOs under three different feeding strategies: anaerobic slow feeding (R1), pulse feeding + anaerobic mixing (R2), and pulse feeding (R3). Results indicate that R1 and R2 achieved significantly higher phosphorus removal (97.6 ± 3% for R1 and 98.3 ± 1% for R2) than R3 (55 ± 11%). The anaerobic slow feeding procedure (R1) achieved the highest specific phosphorus release rate (SPRR) and specific phosphorus uptake rate (SPUR) as compared to the other two feeding conditions. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing assay of the microbial community for the three feeding strategies indicated that although the feeding strategy impacted reactor performance, it did not significantly alter the microbial community. The bacteria community composition maintained a similar degree of diversity. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia were the dominant bacterial phyla in the system. Dominant PAOs were from the class Betaproteobacteria and the genera Paracoccus and Thauera. Glycogen-accumulating organisms were significantly inhibited while other less-known bacteria such as Wandonia and Hyphomonas were observed in all three reactors.

Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers with Antimicrobial Activity.

Nowadays, nanofibers with antimicrobial activity are of great importance due to the widespread antibiotic resistance of many pathogens. Electrospinning is a versatile method of producing ultrathin fibers with desired properties, and this technique can be optimized by controlling parameters such as solution/melt viscosity, feeding rate, and electric field. High viscosity and slow feeding rate cause blockage of the spinneret, while low viscosity and high feeding rate result in fiber discontinuities or droplet formation. The electric field must be properly set because high field strength shortens the solidification time of the fluid streams, while low field strength is unable to form the Taylor cone. Environmental conditions, temperature, and humidity also affect electrospinning. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the development of electrospinning methods and the engineering of electrospun nanofibers for various applications. This review discusses the current research on the use of electrospinning to fabricate composite polymer fibers with antimicrobial properties by incorporating well-defined antimicrobial nanoparticles (silver, titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, copper oxide, etc.), encapsulating classical therapeutic agents (antibiotics), plant-based bioactive agents (crude extracts, essential oils), and pure compounds (antimicrobial peptides, photosensitizers) in polymer nanofibers with controlled release and anti-degradation protection. The analyzed works prove that the electrospinning process is an effective strategy for the formation of antimicrobial fibers for the biomedicine, pharmacy, and food industry.

Addressing Health Concerns Interrupted by the COVID-19 Pandemic

Addressing Health Concerns Interrupted by the COVID-19 Pandemic

Rapid versus Slow Feeding Advancement in Preterm Low Birth Weight Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objectives. To compare the clinical outcomes of rapid versus slow enteral feeding advancement in preterm low birth weight neonates.&#x0D; Methods. Searches for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of rapid versus slow rate of enteral feeding advancement on the clinical outcomes of preterm, low birth weight neonates were performed in different databases. Two authors screened the articles for inclusion and statistical analysis was done using Review Manager Version 5.3 (RevMan) software.&#x0D; Results. Six trials with a total of 680 subjects comparing enteral feeding advancement protocols were identified. The number of days to reach full feeds in rapid enteral feeding was shorter by 2.79 days (95% CI 1.39, 4.19) and time to regain weight by 3.72 days (95% CI 2.86, 4.59) compared to slow enteral feeding. There was no significant difference in the incidence of feeding intolerance (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.42, 1.11) and NEC (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.45, 1.72) between the two groups.&#x0D; Conclusions. Rapid enteral feeding protocols reduce the time to establish full enteral feeds and to regain birth weight in preterm low birth weight neonates. Rapid enteral feeding may facilitate early discharge and help reduce hospital costs for the care of these neonates.

Quantification of Tumor Blush of Highly Vascularized Tumors with Slow Feeding System: Representative Use for Giant Pituitary Adenomas.

Modern imaging techniques can identify adverse factors for tumor removal such as cavernous sinus invasion before surgery, but surgeries for giant pituitary adenomas often reveal discrepancies between preoperative imaging and intraoperative findings because pituitary adenomas have feeding arteries with narrow diameters. Current imaging methods are not suitable for tumors with not only large vascular beds but also slow arterial filling. This prospective study recruited 13 male subjects and 9 female subjects with giant pituitary adenomas between November 2011 and 2018. All the patients were investigated with three-dimensional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, bone image computerized tomography (CT), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) using a C-arm cone-beam CT scanner with a flat-panel detector and 50% diluted contrast medium. Fine angioarchitecture was evaluated and the tumor blush was quantified using newly developed region of interest (ROI) analysis to establish surgical strategies. Seven patients demonstrated no or very faint tumor blushes. In these patients, feeding arteries run centripetally from the surface of the tumor. Fifteen patients showed significant tumor blushes, and the feeding arteries penetrated centrifugally from the inferoposterior pole to the upper pole of the tumor. All the patients were treated according to the angiographic information with successful hemostasis. The patients showed improvement and/or disappearance of the neurologic deficits. The faint and significant blush groups showed significant differences in intraoperative bleeding (p < 0.01) and operation time (p < 0.05). Specialized evaluation focused on vascularization is required for successful therapy of giant pituitary adenomas.

High‐yield production of p‐diethynylbenzene through consecutive bromination/dehydrobromination in a microreactor system

AbstractPolyarylacetylene resins have received great attention due to their outstanding heat resistance, while the absence of an efficient method to produce their monomer, p‐diethynylbenzene (p‐DEB), has discouraged their commercial development. Industrial production of p‐DEB consists of bromination and dehydrobromination in a semi‐batch reactor, state of the art yield from which is only 70%–75%. Herein, a combined effort of byproduct characterization and density functional theory calculations revealed that side reactions mainly consisted of aromatic substitution which would be promoted by thermal runaway derived from exothermic bromination due to higher activation energy of side reactions. From these considerations, we developed a microreactor system to enhance heat transfer thereby mitigating byproduct formation, from which a p‐DEB yield of 99.2% could be achieved. Moreover, the high heat removal efficiency avoided the use of slow feeding and reactant dilution required in semi‐batch operation, thereby shortening the reaction time to 14 s while generating more concentrated product.

Impact of feeding strategy on the performance and operational stability of aerobic granular sludge treating high-strength ammonium concentrations

We evaluated the impact of feeding strategy on the performance and operational stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) treating high-strength ammonium concentrations. Synthetic wastewater with characteristics close to those found in sanitary landfill leachate was applied in sequential batch reactors (SBR) for biomass cultivation. In this sense, differing only in the feeding method, three identical 7.6 L (working volume) reactors were operated with the same total cycle time of 12 h duration. In R1 and R2, it was adopted feeding in the anaerobic period with a duration of 20 min (fast) and 40 min (slow), respectively. In R3, feeding was distributed throughout the cycle (step-feeding), half of which was introduced initially, and the other half divided equally with 40 and 60% of the cycle. Substrate distribution throughout the cycle (R3) minimized three of the biggest problems faced when treating leachate in AGS systems: granules' stability, biomass retention, and nitrite accumulation. Besides, compared to fast (R1) and slow (R3) feeding, this mode of operation obtained the best total phosphorus (TP, 53%) and total nitrogen (TN, 92%) removals, without any nitrite or nitrate accumulations. COD removals were very similar in R2 and R3, but TN and TP removals were significantly greater in R3. Therefore, the feeding method directly interferes with the performance, granules' characteristics, and system stability. The results obtained in this research can be used in future works applying the AGS technology for sanitary landfill leachate and other complex wastewaters treatment.

Incidence of Canine Tick Vectors and Molecular Detection of Haemoparasites in Vectors and Hosts

Background: Ticks are of great importance in transmission of various canine tick borne diseases. Several characteristics of ticks make them outstanding vectors of pathogenic agents, the wide host range and slow feeding habit along with tendency to feed on several hosts during life cycle ensures ample opportunity to acquire and transmit pathogens. Methods: This study focuses on status of canine tick vectors and molecular detection of haemoparasites in these ticks and their host, in and around Kolkata. The blood and tick samples were collected from Dog Ward, Department of Teaching Veterinary and Clinical Complex; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, WBUAFS at Belgachia; Veterinary Clinic of Kolkata Police Dog Squad at Alipore; Veterinary Clinic of Barrackpore Police dog Squad and samples from stray dogs were also collected from inside the University campus through a period of one year (August, 2016 to July, 2017). Result: The tick infestation was recorded at 41% with Rhipicephalus sanguineus, being the only tick. Nine primer sets were used for detection of Babesia spp, Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffensis, Babesia gibsoni, Hepatozoon canis, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Anaplasma platys and Theileria annae from the respective tick samples and blood sample of hosts. Tick samples were found positive for Babesia spp, Ehrlichia spp. and H. canis where as the corresponding blood samples were found positive for Babesia spp, Ehrlichia spp., Mycoplasma spp. and H. canis. This study conclusively provides evidence of high rates of incidence of haemoparasitic infection or canine tick borne diseases infection and tick infestation, with at least four haemoparasites infecting the dog population and at least one tick species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) infesting the dogs in and around Kolkata.

Research on the fatigue failure behavior of 1Cr17Ni2 blades ground by abrasive belt with passivation treatment

As precision machining process of aero-engine blades, the surface integrity after abrasive belt grinding closely related to its fatigue resistance. In order to explore new anti-fatigue abrasive belt grinding methods, reveal the influence mechanism of blade surface integrity on anti-fatigue performance, and provide guidance for the anti-fatigue grinding, vibration fatigue tests were carried out on blades processed by different grinding process, and the effects of abrasive belt passivation treatment and feed speed on blade surface integrity and fatigue life were studied. Fatigue failure behavior of blades processed by different processes were also discussed from the fracture morphology and cross-section analysis. Results showed that blades processed by blunt grinding have different fatigue failure mechanisms, and the passivation treatment of abrasive belt and low feed speed can improve the surface integrity and fatigue life of aero-engine blades. The combination process of abrasive belt passivation treatment and slow feed speed were proposed for anti-fatigue grinding processing of aero-engine blades. In this research, compared with blades processed by new abrasive belt with feed speed 1000 mm/min, the fatigue life of blades processed by passivated abrasive belt at feed speed 100 mm/min was increased by 3.1 times.

Photocatalytic Decomposition of Organic Dyes Using a Rotating Cylinder System.

In this study, a rotating cylinder system was used in the photocatalytic decomposition of organic dyes in aqueous medium for water purification. To this end, the titania nanoparticle dispersion was mixed with an organic dye solution under a rotating inner cylinder at controlled speed. The rate constant was adjusted by changing the speed of rotation to determine the optimal circulating velocity. Since nanoparticle dispersion is a secondary contaminant after wastewater treatment, the titania paste was deposited on the inner surface of the stationary outer cylinder to form a photocatalytic film. During repeated batch-mode operation, the deactivation of the deposited film was analyzed by measuring the rate constant as a function of time. Continuous operation was also used to remove organic dye in the water to study factors affecting the removal efficiency of methylene blue. Higher rotating velocity and slow feed rate facilitated the removal of contaminants via desorption of adsorbed dyes with adequate retention time.

Clinical Outcomes of Rapid Versus Slow Enteral Feeding Advancements in Preterm Infants

Background: Adequate nutrition is important for optimum growth and neurological outcome. Aim of work: To evaluate the effect of rapid versus slow enteral feeding advancements on the clinical outcomes of preterm infants. Patients and methods: This is a prospective-observational study over a period of six months. It included all preterm neonates with gestational age less than 37 weeks and haemodynamically stable from September, 2017 to March, 2018. Neonates (Results: The study included 100 neonates were divided into two groups - 50 cases slow group (I) and 50 cases rapid group (II). There was a statistically significant difference as regarding, duration of hospital stay with mean 19.37±10.36 and17.89±9.58 days in group I and II respectively, and time taken to reach full enteral feeding with mean 14.89±3.89 and 9.18±3.58 days between slow & rapid feeding groups respectively. The mortality was 18(36.0%) deaths in group I versus 7(14.0%) deaths in group II. Conclusions:Rapid advancement of enteral feeding is associated with shorter duration of hospital stay, shorter duration to achieve full enteral feeding, and decreased mortality in comparison to slow advancement group.

Feeding Behaviour and Bioavailability of Essential Amino Acids in Shrimp Penaeus monodon Fed Fresh and Leached Fishmeal and Fishmeal-Free Diets.

Simple SummaryWhile success has been achieved with replacing fishmeal entirely in diets for whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon still requires fishmeal for optimum culture performance. Crystalline amino acid (CAA) supplementation is becoming popular in shrimp feed formulation and is needed in low fishmeal diets as common alternative protein sources are typically deficient in essential amino acids, such as methionine and lysine. Furthermore, the slow feeding behaviour of shrimp compared to other cultured aquatic species means that feeds can lose specific nutrients before they are consumed. In particular, highly soluble CAA are prone to leaching. In this study, we examined the feeding behaviour, CAA leaching loss and AA uptake in large Penaeus monodon juveniles through a series of short-term experiments using a terrestrial meal-based formulation (TM) enriched with CAA and a traditional fishmeal-based formulation (FM). Feeding behaviour and nutrient bioavailability was found to be similar for the two diets. However, leaching over as little as 60 min had a major impact on AA absorption for the TM diet. The growth implications associated with leaching losses need to be investigated. However, the results indicate the need for careful feeding management as increased reliance on CAA for P. monodon culture could lead to suboptimal nutrition.The complete replacement of fishmeal with terrestrial meals did not have a negative impact on the attractiveness, palatability, and apparent digestibility of the formulation. Shrimp were found on average to eat more and have similar appetite revival on the terrestrial meal-based formulation (TM) diet compared to the traditional fishmeal-based formulation (FM) diet. However, methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys) leached out rapidly from the TM diet, and as a result, this initially overfortified diet showed lower levels of those AA in comparison to FM after 60 min immersion. Both dietary Lys and Met were sub-optimal in TM within 120 min of immersion, whereas in comparison, the FM diet supplied consistent levels of EAA for up to 240 min immersion. Nonetheless, shrimp fed fresh TM had significantly higher peak haemolymph concentrations at 30 and 60 min for total AA, Met, and Lys than FM-fed shrimp. The over-supply of CAA far compensated leaching losses, and CAA were well absorbed and used by the shrimp within 120 min, with no obvious signs of asynchronous absorption of CAA to protein-bound AA. However, shrimp fed the TM diet that had leached out for 60 min, had haemolymph concentrations of Met and Lys that were only 41% and 44% of the ones on fresh feed respectively, while there was a negligible effect of leaching on FM. This study provides further insight into the feeding behaviour and bioavailability of dietary amino acids for P. monodon juveniles.

Effect of double-excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning trajectory on surface morphology

To explore the formation law and influence factors of three-dimensional geometry in axial turning surface, the turning experiment of 7075 aluminum alloy was carried out by using double excitation three-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration method. Based on the theory of turning kinematics, the tool tip trajectory model of three-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning (3D-UEVT) was established, and the related mechanism in surface residual height, surface topography formation characteristics, and turning transmission was given. Through single factor simulation and turning test, the influence of spindle speed, feed speed, amplitude, and phase difference on the surface microstructure and roughness of workpiece was analyzed contrastively. The results show that, compared with the traditional turning, the double excitation ellipse assisted turning can affect the surface topography and quality of the workpiece by causing the dynamic change of the cutting angle of the tool tip and the residual height of the material. Combined with the analysis of simulation and experimental results, it is found that the ideal microstructure and roughness can be obtained with low speed, slow feed, small amplitude, and small phase difference. Meanwhile, the tool workpiece separation characteristics, surface topography, roughness, and surface defect level can be effectively improved under the three-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical assisted vibration.

Feeding strategies of continuous biomethanation processes during increasing organic loading with lipids or glucose for avoiding potential inhibition

Anaerobic co-digestion is a promising solution for nutrients balance and improvement of methane production in anaerobic digestion (AD) processes. However, the knowledge about the effects of different co-substrates in manure-based AD, and different feeding strategies, on the process performance and the methanogenic microbiome pathway, are still missing. Therefore, under harsh and slow stepwise increase of organic loading rate (OLR), by addition of lipids and carbohydrates as co-substrates in continuous reactors, this study elucidated their effect on methane production and methanogenic microbiome. The results showed that, when OLR increased by adding lipids, a severe inhibition due to accumulated long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) was observed, while no significant inhibition was obtained by addition of glucose. Additionally, the LCFA inhibition in the reactor fed with lipid was alleviated by slow stepwise feeding strategy that enriched aceticlastic Methanosarcina thermophile and Methanosaeta concilii, and hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium methanogens.

Design and implementation of one-dimensional liquid crystal holographic coding phased array antenna

Face to the precise signal guidance application of small fully polarimetric phased array radar, in order to reduce the design and debugging complexity of traditional T/R phased array antenna and feed system, and meet the needs of low power consumption, low insert loss, low cost manufacture, low profit phased array antenna, a liquid crystal holographic coding phased array antenna is proposed. One-dimensional holographic electronically controlled scanning phased array antenna is composed of miniaturized holographic radiation unit, slow wave structure and parallel plate waveguide feeding system. Making use of mature LCD panel manufacturing process, a holographic coding phased array antenna is constructed by controlling the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules under the holographic radiation unit to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna. Deterioration of sidelobe performance caused by coupling effect is reduced by holographic optimization algorithm and voltage grade control based on a real object processed and tested, and the optimal control of antenna pattern is achieved by the gradient decreasing search algorithm and the optimization algorithm of the appropriate objective function. The measured results indicate that the beam scanning angle of the antenna reaches ±49°, and after optimized algorithm, the beam pointing angle accuracy reaches 3°, the sidelobe suppression level reaches 1.7 dB.

Comparison of Slow versus Rapid Feeding Regimen in Preterm Neonates in the reduction of hospital stay

Introduction: In preterm babies delay in the achievement of full feeds causes prolonged hospital stay. This study will help in the nutritional management of preterm babies which will shorten the hospital stay and reduce the economic burdens on parents.&#x0D; Objective: To compare the mean duration of hospital stay of preterm neonates with two different feeding protocols(slow feeding regimen versus rapid feeding regimen).&#x0D; Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the neonatal unit at Izzat Ali Shah Hospital from October 2019 to March 2020 through a randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 (51 in each group) were randomized to slow feeding (Group A) and Rapid feeding(Group B). Depending on the birth weight and gestational age, a certain amount of breast milk was initiated, with increments of 15-20 mL/kg/day in the slow feeding group &amp; 25-30 ml/kg/day in the rapid feeding group. Feeding was stopped temporarily in case of any sign of feeding intolerance, suspected necrotizing enterocolitis, recurrent apnoeic episodes, and neonatal seizures. The total target feed was 180 ml/kg per day. Infants were continued in the study until discharged from the hospital. &#x0D; Results: Our study shows that the mean gestational agein Group A (Slow feeding) was 34 weeks with SD ± 2.68 while the mean gestational agein Group B (Rapid feeding) was 35 weeks with SD ± 1.98. In Group A (Slow feeding) 55% neonates were male while 45% neonates were female. Whereas in Group B (Rapid feeding) 57% neonates were male while 43% neonates were female. In Group A (Slow feeding) mean hospital stay was 22 days with SD ± 7.02. In Group B (Rapid feeding) mean hospital stay was 13 days with SD ± 3.72. &#x0D; Conclusion: Our study concludes that mean hospital stay in the rapid advancement of feeds was shorter as compared to the slow feeding of preterm neonates.

The interactive roles of space velocity and particle size in a microporous carbon bed system in controlling adsorptive removal of gaseous benzene under ambient conditions

The performance of an air filtration system is commonly evaluated using laboratory-scale studies under optimal, but unrealistic, experimental conditions (e.g., high pollutant loading, slow feeding rate, and fine particle size). It is, therefore, important to assess the role of key variables affecting performance from a practical perspective. To this end, a series of dynamic adsorption tests were carried out to evaluate the uptake behavior of gaseous benzene (at 1 Pa) by a filter bed system made of a commercial activated carbon (AC) in relation to two key variables: particle-size range (granular AC [GAC]: 0.212 to 5 mm vs. powdered AC [PAC]: 0.6 to 2.36 mm) and space velocity (flow rates: 100 to 3000 mL min−1). The effects of these two key variables on capturing of benzene were assessed in terms of key performance metrics (e.g., breakthrough volume [BTV]: L g−1 atm−1, partition coefficient [PC]: mol kg−1 Pa−1, and adsorption capacity [Q]: mg g−1). It was verified that GAC outperformed PAC at a low flow rate (100 to 500 mL min−1), in particular in the 5% BTV region. In contrast, PAC performed better at a 100 L BTV (PC: 0.49 to 0.98 mol kg−1 Pa−1) under high flow conditions (1000 to 3000 mL min−1). The results of isotherm/kinetic analysis revealed the dominant role of the surface/pore diffusion in the multilayer adsorption of benzene onto GAC adsorbent (relative to PAC adsorbent). With the increases in space velocity, the flow patterns crossed from a laminar to transitional mode to promote advection transport (relative to diffusion transport) of benzene molecules through the GAC-bed filter (relative to the PAC-bed filter). These findings are expected to help open new paths for optimization of air filtration system under real environmental conditions, particulary with respect to space velocity and particle diameter (of adsorbent).