Slow Expansion Research Articles

Swelling Induced Hardening and Degradation Induced Slow-Expansion Hydrogel for a Modified Cervical Spinal Cord Compression Animal Model.

This study presents the development of a polyurethane hydrogel (PUG) for use in a chronic cervical spinal cord compression animal model, leveraging microphase separation and dynamic covalent bonds to achieve swelling induced hardening and degradation-induced slow expansion. PUG-SS and PUG-SS-60% were synthesized with varying disulfide bond concentrations, offering controllable degradation rates and mechanical properties. The hydrogels demonstrated significant swelling-induced hardening and maintained compression above the cervical spinal cord's intrinsic modulus. MRI and histopathological analyses confirmed effective and sustained spinal cord compression, with PUG-SS-60% showing prolonged effects. Behavioral tests, including the BBB locomotor scale, von Frey pain test, and catwalk gait analysis, indicated quicker motor function recovery with PUG-SS and sustained compression with PUG-SS-60%. In vitro cytotoxicity assays showed no significant hydrogel-induced cell death. This study underscores the potential of PUG-SS-60% for providing controlled, sustained compression in chronic spinal cord compression models, paving the way for advanced nonsurgical treatment strategies and improved understanding of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) pathology.

Assessing energy vulnerability in Colombia using a multidimensional index

Energy vulnerability studies are conducted to identify and address the multidimensional causes of energy problems of a territory. Colombia faces substantial energy challenges, including sustained excess demand, slow supply expansion, rising tariffs, flow intermittency and power instability. It is a tropical developing country undergoing an energy transition and characterized by significant cultural, geographical, and demographic diversity. This article assesses the energy vulnerability of Colombia's 32 departments and its capital district through a Multidimensional Energy Vulnerability Index (MEVI). The MEVI is a measure ranging from 0 to 1 that evaluates energy vulnerability through 12 indicators across four dimensions: social, environmental, technical, and economic. To construct the index, a multivariate analysis using Cronbach's Alpha was conducted, and the min-max normalization method was employed. Additionally, a specific weighting system of the dimensions accompanied by an additive aggregation function was utilized to synthesize the various indicators into a unified index. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the index, incorporating variations in key inputs such as the weighting scheme and data processing methods. The mean energy vulnerability score was 0.6, indicating that the departments of Colombia do not have extreme energy vulnerability. The territories with the highest energy vulnerability include the Departments of Vaupés, Guainía, Vichada, and Amazonas. In these cases, effective government policy is necessary to provide more energy security, which requires improvements across nearly all indicators involved in the calculation of the index. A discussion on the policies that could be implemented is presented in the document.

Revisiting a decade of inequality in healthcare financial burden in Cambodia, 2009–19: trends, determinants and decomposition

BackgroundOut-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE) without adequate social protection often translates to inequitable financial burden and utilization of services. Recent publications highlighted Cambodia’s progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with reduced incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and improvements in its distribution. However, departing from standard CHE measurement methods suggests a different storyline on trends and inequality in the country.ObjectiveThis study revisits the distribution and impact of OOPHE and its financial burden from 2009–19, employing alternative socio-economic and economic shock metrics. It also identifies determinants of the financial burden and evaluates inequality-contributing and -mitigating factors from 2014–19, including coping mechanisms, free healthcare, and OOPHE financing sources.MethodsData from the Cambodian Socio-Economic Surveys of 2009, 2014, and 2019 were utilized. An alternative measure to CHE is proposed: Excessive financial burden (EFB). A household was considered under EFB when its OOPHE surpassed 10% or 25% of total consumption, excluding healthcare costs. A polychoric wealth index was used to rank households and measure EFB inequality using the Erreygers Concentration Index. Inequality shifts from 2014–19 were decomposed using the Recentered Influence Function regression followed by the Oaxaca-Blinder method. Determinants of financial burden levels were assessed through zero-inflated ordered logit regression.ResultsBetween 2009–19, EFB incidence increased from 10.95% to 17.92% at the 10% threshold, and from 4.41% to 7.29% at the 25% threshold. EFB was systematically concentrated among the poorest households, with inequality sharply rising over time, and nearly a quarter of the poorest households facing EFB at the 10% threshold. The main determinants of financial burden were geographic location, household size, age and education of household head, social health protection coverage, disease prevalence, hospitalization, and coping strategies. Urbanization, biased disease burdens, and preventive care were key in explaining the evolution of inequality.ConclusionMore efforts are needed to expand social protection, but monitoring those through standard measures such as CHE has masked inequality and the burden of the poor. The financial burden across the population has risen and become more unequal over the past decade despite expansion and improvements in social health protection schemes. Health Equity funds have, to some extent, mitigated inequality over time. However, their slow expansion and the reduced reliance on coping strategies to finance OOPHE could not outbalance inequality.

Effect of water Resource utilization in Poyang lake area on carbon emissions based on decoupling theory

The utilization of regional water resources has the potential to impact carbon emissions. Maintaining a decoupled relationship between water resources and carbon emissions facilitates harmonious regional development. Understanding the mechanism of their coordination is conducive to achieving the "Double Carbon" goal and control of regional carbon emissions and water resource consumption. This study examines the decoupling relationship between water resource utilization and carbon emissions in Poyang Lake area, China, employing the Tapio decoupling model and the LMDI(logarithmic mean divisia index) decomposition model. The results indicate that carbon emissions in Poyang Lake area exhibited a gradual increase, accompanied by an annual growth rate of 5.99 %. The water supply exhibited a slow expansion. They have exhibited state of affairs strong negative decoupling and expansive negative decoupling over the past 15 years. Moreover, this situation is most acute and worsening in the secondary industry. The water use structure effect and water economic benefit effect are the primary factors affecting carbon emission increases, contributing 57.93 % and 65.66 %, respectively. Carbon emissions intensity is the largest inhibiting factor, which accounts for a maximum contribution of 42.96 %. The order of potency of the driving factors is as follows: water economic benefit > carbon emission intensity > water use structure > water use efficiency. In summary, this research recognised the enhancement of the water economic efficiency index not only facilitates the decoupling phenomenon but also improves the water-carbon relationship, especially in the secondary industry. It serves as a compelling illustration of the significance of elucidating the interrelationship between regional water and carbon dynamics, and charting the course for the formulation of regional policies that would facilitate the advancement of environmentally conscious and carbon-neutral development, as well as water conservation.

Unveiling Spatiotemporal Diffusion of Hot Carriers Influenced by Spatial Nonuniform Hot Phonon Bottleneck Effect in Monolayer MoS2.

The exceptional semiconducting properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have made them highly promising for the development of future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Extensive studies of TMDs are partly associated with their ability to generate 2D-confined hot carriers above the conduction band edges, enabling potential applications that rely on such transient excited states. In this work, room-temperature spatiotemporal hot carrier dynamics in monolayer MoS2 is studied by transient absorption microscopy (TAM), featuring an initial ultrafast expansion followed by a rapid negative diffusion, and ultimately a slow long-term expansion of the band edge C-excitons. We provide direct experimental evidence to identify the abnormal negative diffusion process as a spatial contraction of the hot carriers resulting from spatial variation in the hot phonon bottleneck effect due to the Gaussian intensity distribution of the pump laser beam.

Three-dimensional evaluation of dentoalveolar and skeletal transverse changes between rapid maxillary expansion and slow maxillary expansion in growing subjects – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Three-dimensional evaluation of dentoalveolar and skeletal transverse changes between rapid maxillary expansion and slow maxillary expansion in growing subjects – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Insertion guide for palatal TADs: Advantages and disadvantages from the clinical point of view

In recent years, there has been a growing trend in orthodontics to use the anterior palatal vault as an insertion site for temporary anchorage devices (TADs), to expand orthodontic possibilities and limit the collateral and unwanted dental effects. To improve accessibility and facilitate the procedure for clinicians, a guided approach for TAD insertion in the palatal vault, using insertion guides, has become increasingly prevalent. The manuscript primarily focuses on the real advantages and possible disadvantages that clinicians can expect when using insertion guides during TAD insertion into the palatal vault. Safety, precise evaluation of insertion depth, and the potential to execute a "one-visit protocol" are examined. Indeed, both direct and indirect palatal insertion protocols result to be efficient and safe in daily practice. The use of insertion guides result to be particularly beneficial for less experienced clinicians as well as for more complex patients and impacted teeth cases. Insertion guides can be created overlapping intraoral scanning to cbct or also to lateral teleradiograph, with sufficient accuracy and lower radiation exposure. However this method is limited in achieving bicortical evaluation, as well as relations to incisive canal and nasal floor. Finally a case report is presented, describing a full digital orthodontic treatment of a young adult patient presenting narrow maxilla. Slow maxillary expansion and fixed orthodontic treatment are described.

Therapeutic validation of MMR-associated genetic modifiers in a human ex vivo model of Huntington disease

The pathological huntingtin (HTT) trinucleotide repeat underlying Huntington disease (HD) continues to expand throughout life. Repeat length correlates both with earlier age at onset (AaO) and faster progression, making slowing its expansion an attractive therapeutic approach. Genome-wide association studies have identified candidate variants associated with altered AaO and progression, with many found in DNA mismatch repair (MMR)-associated genes. We examine whether lowering expression of these genes affects the rate of repeat expansion in human exvivo models using HD iPSCs and HD iPSC-derived striatal medium spiny neuron-enriched cultures. We have generated a stable CRISPR interference HD iPSC line in which we can specifically and efficiently lower gene expression from a donor carrying over 125 CAG repeats. Lowering expression of each member of the MMR complexes MutS (MSH2, MSH3, and MSH6), MutL (MLH1, PMS1, PMS2, and MLH3), and LIG1 resulted in characteristic MMR deficiencies. Reduced MSH2, MSH3, and MLH1 slowed repeat expansion to the largest degree, while lowering either PMS1, PMS2, or MLH3 slowed it to a lesser degree. These effects were recapitulated in iPSC-derived striatal cultures where MutL factor expression was lowered. CRISPRi-mediated lowering of key MMR factor expression to levels feasibly achievable by current therapeutic approaches was able to effectively slow the expansion of the HTT CAG tract. We highlight members of the MutL family as potential targets to slow pathogenic repeat expansion with the aim to delay onset and progression of HD and potentially other repeat expansion disorders exhibiting somatic instability.

Evolution of an arid social-ecosystem with different water utilization spanning 12,000 years

Understanding the regime shifts of social-ecological systems (SES) and their local and spillover effects over time is crucial for ensuring future sustainability. However, limited research has focused on regime changes in SES under different modes of water resource utilization. In this study, we employ a concise theoretical framework to analyze regime shifts in the arid Tarim River Basin, considering changes in SES components. Additionally, we explore the drivers and local and regional effects of these shifts. The regime shifts in SES are categorized into four evolutionary phases: “Low productivity,” “Slow population expansion,” “Rapid environmental destruction,” and “Ecological restoration and improvement” over the past 12,000 years. The reciprocal coupling of SES components plays a vital role in determining the regime of SES, which is heavily influenced by the utilization of water resources and the degradation of the environment. While increasing water consumption is a core factor leading to environmental destruction, it also drives socioeconomic growth. During the process of SES shift, the rational allocation and use of water resources can shape an ideal regime that promotes regional ecosystem restoration. The empirical connections between the different phases of SES in the regime shift, their drivers, and their adverse or beneficial impacts provide valuable insights for sustainable SES management. Lessons from basin management that solely pursues single goals and focuses on local aspects, without considering these connections, have significant implications for long-term planning and policy formulation in arid basins worldwide.

Skeletal effects of posterior crossbite treatment with either quad helix or rapid maxillary expansion: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.

To assess skeletal and dental effects and evaluate possible side effects of maxillary expansion with two different appliances, directly after expansion and 1 year postexpansion. Forty-two patients with unilateral posterior crossbite (mean 9.5 ± 0.9 years) were randomized to either rapid maxillary expansion (RME) banded on the deciduous second molars and bonded to the primary canines or slow expansion with quad helix (QH) on the permanent first molars. Cone-beam computed tomography records were taken at baseline, directly after correction of the posterior crossbite and at follow-up 1 year after expansion. All patients were analyzed. RME opened the midpalatal suture more anteriorly and inferiorly (mean 4.1 mm) and less posteriorly and superiorly (mean 1.0 mm). No effect on midpalatal suture could be shown in the QH group after expansion, P < .001. Buccal bone width had significantly decreased (P < .001) in the QH group compared with the RME group. Buccal fenestrations and root resorption on the left first molar had a higher prevalence directly after expansion finished in the QH group (P = .0086, P = .013) but were not significant at 1-year follow-up (P = .11, P = .22). Opening of the suture with RME was more anterior and inferior, and the QH did not open the midpalatal suture at all. More buccal bone loss and fenestrations were seen on the permanent first molar in patients treated with conventional QH than RME anchored to deciduous teeth.

MRI reporting radiographers - Has there been a progression or regression in numbers and scope of practice?

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine whether there had been a progression or regression in the numbers and scope of practice of reporting radiographers in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the United Kingdom (UK), using data from a previous study conducted by the author in 2019/20 as a comparison. MethodsData was gathered via a survey sent to multiple users and groups of MRI Radiographers in the UK. The survey consisted of a questionnaire, using both numerical and free text answers to enable the responders to elaborate on their scope of practice whilst also allowing numerical data to be easily analysed. The responses were analysed for patterns and comparison was made with the data from the previous survey. The questionnaire was based on three main themes of those in training, those trained and those in practice. ResultsA total of 62 sites had radiographers in training (n =24) or trained (n = 125) in MRI reporting compared to 46 sites in the previous survey. The majority of responders were from England (n = 56/62) with only a few sites in Scotland (n = 4) and Wales (n = 2). There were 24 radiographers in training, a reduction compared to the previous survey and an increase in the number of radiographers trained (n = 80 to n = 125) and in practice (n = 57 to n = 84). Scope of practice had also increased with the addition of MRCPs, orbits and pituitary. ConclusionThis survey provides evidence that the number and scope of practice of MRI reporting radiographers within the UK has progressed when compared to a previous survey from 2019/20. The numbers however are still low and there remain significant geographical variations. The continued predominance of single handed practice is a concern and the reasons behind this and the slow expansion of skill mix reporting in this modality needs further investigation. Implications for practiceThis study provides evidence of the number and scope of practice of the radiographer reporting of MRI examinations in the UK. It also demonstrates that there has been an increase in scope and number of radiographers reporting MRI scans, this will provide evidence and proof of concept for departments looking to initiate or increase this practice.

Effect of Slow Maxillary Expansion and Alternative Rapid Maxillary Expansion Protocols on Airway Volume in Cleft Palate Cases: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Based Study.

A total of 22 patients with cleft palate aged 8 to 12 years were selected and categorized into two groups: the first group was treated with alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) using an expander with differential opening (EDO) and facemask, while the second group was treated using slow maxillary expansion (SME) using an EDO. Finally, the pharyngeal airway volume in the two groups was compared using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT scans were performed before expansion and six months following the expansion. Alveolar crest level, maxillary breadth, nasal cavity width, arch width, inclination of the molar teeth, buccal and palatal alveolar bone thickness, and maxillary alveolar width were all assessed. Paired t-tests (p=0.05) were applied to compare interphase data. The two groups showed a non-significant difference in terms of nasopharyngeal volume (cm3), oropharyngeal volume (cm3), and overall pre- and post-treatment results (p>0.005). Results of comparison of pre- and post-treatment periods in the Alt-RAMEC group revealed a significantly higher cleft volume (cm3) (p=0.001). Results of comparison of pre- and post-treatment periods in the SME group revealed a substantial rise in cleft volume (cm3) (p=0.003).Results from a comparison of the cleft volume (cm3) between the two study groups pre- and post-intervention revealed a non-significant difference (p=0.200 and 0.054, respectively).

Advantages, Problems and Strategies of Uniqlo Supply Chain

In this paper, Uniqlo, a well-known Japanese clothing brand, is selected as the object of case study to explore the core advantages and existing problems of the supply chain and put forward optimization suggestions. We find that SPA, ECR and suppliers complement each other in good cooperation. Based on giving full play to their advantages, a resultant force is formed and continuously radiates, which enables Uniqlo to avoid the “bullwhip effect”, improve the operation efficiency of the enterprise, and maximize profits. Among them, SPA plays an absolute advantage. However, good supply chain capability has enabled Uniqlo to win the market among similar clothing brands, but there are also limitations. One is to bear the exogenous and endogenous risks of supply chain management alone. The other is the high investment cost of direct stores, such as the high Managing overheads, which leads to the high operating cost and slow expansion. Therefore, this paper puts forward some suggestions on optimizing supplier selection and transforming and upgrading marketing mode.

Serial founder effects slow range expansion in an invasive social insect

Invasive populations often experience founder effects: a loss of genetic diversity relative to the source population, due to a small number of founders. Even where these founder effects do not impact colonization success, theory predicts they might affect the rate at which invasive populations expand. This is because secondary founder effects are generated at advancing population edges, further reducing local genetic diversity and elevating genetic load. We show that in an expanding invasive population of the Asian honey bee (Apis cerana), genetic diversity is indeed lowest at range edges, including at the complementary sex determiner, csd, a locus that is homozygous-lethal. Consistent with lower local csd diversity, range edge colonies had lower brood viability than colonies in the range centre. Further, simulations of a newly-founded and expanding honey bee population corroborate the spatial patterns in mean colony fitness observed in our empirical data and show that such genetic load at range edges will slow the rate of population expansion.

Spontaneous Mandibular Dentoalveolar Changes after Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME), and Leaf Expander-A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aims to analyze the spontaneous dentoalveolar changes in the mandibular arch after maxillary expansion in growing patients obtained with different expansion protocols: Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME), and Leaf Expander. The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligibility criteria were established in the PICO format, involving patients who underwent slow, rapid, or leaf maxillary expansion during the mixed or early permanent dentitions. A comprehensive search of electronic databases and manual searches was conducted up to December 2023. The outcome measures included inter-mandibular first permanent molar width, inter-deciduous molar and canine width, arch perimeter, and arch length; both short- and long-term results were considered. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review and were qualitatively evaluated using a methodological quality scoring system with a 13-point scale. To assess the inter-examiner agreement concerning the article selection and the qualitative assessment of the included studies, Kappa statistics were computed. A total of 1184 articles were identified through electronic and manual searches. After the removal of duplicates and the initial examination of the titles and abstracts, 57 articles were considered for the full text analysis, and according to the eligibility and exclusion criteria, 22 studies were finally selected, composed of 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 retrospective/case-control studies. The qualitative assessment of the included studies showed the following scores: 6 papers have high research quality, 5 have moderate quality, and 11 have low quality. SME demonstrated negligible mandibular changes, with less than 1 mm variation on average (range 0.46-2.00 mm) in the selected parameters and relapses observed in the long term. RME induced more significant increases, particularly in intermolar width greater than 1 mm, which ranged between 0.93 and 3.3 mm, and good stability over the long term. Leaf Expander exhibited promising short-term lower intermolar width increases greater than 1 mm and ranged from 0.5 to 1.69 mm, but long-term stability was not thoroughly evaluated. SME results in negligible short- and long-term effects, while RME, especially with Haas-type appliances, exhibits significant intermolar width increases that remain stable over the years. Leaf Expander shows short-term lower intermolar width increases, requiring further investigation into long-term stability.

A Prospective Study on the Effect of Oral Function on Natural Adaptation of Mandibular Molars during Maxillary Slow Expansion

A Prospective Study on the Effect of Oral Function on Natural Adaptation of Mandibular Molars during Maxillary Slow Expansion

A Fractal-Based Quantitative Method for the Study of Fracture Evolution of Coal under Different Confining Pressures

To study the dynamic crack evolution process of loaded coal from the perspective of fractals, we carried out in situ industrial CT scanning tests of loaded coal under different confining pressures, visualizing loaded coal fracturing. Combined with fractal theory, the temporal and spatial evolution law of coal cracks is described quantitatively. The results provide two findings: (1) from the perspective of two-dimensional images and three-dimensional space, the evolution characteristics of cracks in coal under different confining pressures were basically the same in each loading stage. During the loading stages, the cracks exhibited a change rule of a slow reduction, initiation/development, rapid increase, expansion, and penetration. (2) The fractal dimension of coal was calculated by introducing fractal theory, and its change law was in good agreement with the dynamic changes of the cracks, which can explain the influence of the confining pressure on the loaded coal. The fractal dimension showed three stages: a slight decrease, a stable increase, and then a significant increase. The larger the confining pressure, the more obvious the limiting effect. Thus, our approach provides a more accurate method for evaluating the spatial and temporal evolution of cracks in loaded coal. This study can be used to predict the instability failure of loaded coal samples.

Investigating the influence of minor krill-predators on the krill-predator dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystem in the International Whaling Commission's Management Area II

Krill ( Euphausia superba), a small pelagic crustacean. is the largest food resource serving many predators in the Antarctic ecosystem. Given the recent slow expansion of the krill fishery, interest is increasing on how best to harvest krill without unduly impacting its natural predators. The Mori–Butterworth Antarctic ecosystem model attempted to explain the dynamics of the “major” predators through predator–prey interactions alone. That model considered blue, fin, humpback, and minke whales, and crabeater and Antarctic fur seals. Here, this model is expanded to include “minor” krill-predators, such as mackerel icefish. It focuses on a smaller scale, roughly corresponding to International Whaling Commission Management Area II. Results suggest a meaningful difference (historical abundance trajectories differing by more than 5% on average over time) when including “minor” predators. Hence, at an area-specific level, “minor” predators should be considered for further models of at least certain sectors of the Antarctic, as they may meaningfully influence the dynamics of krill and its “major” predators. This in turn could impact management decisions for the krill fishery, as regards optimal krill harvesting.

Transcript Profiles of Microglia/Macrophage Cells at the Borders of Chronic Active and Subpial Gray Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis.

Microglia/macrophages line the border of demyelinated lesions in both cerebral white matter and the cortex in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients. Microglia/macrophages associated with chronic white matter lesions are thought to be responsible for slow lesion expansion and disability progression in progressive multiple sclerosis, whereas those lining gray matter lesions are less studied. Profiling these microglia/macrophages could help to focus therapies on genes or pathways specific to lesion expansion and disease progression. We compared the morphology and transcript profiles of microglia/macrophages associated with borders of white matter (WM line) and subpial gray matter lesions (GM line) using laser capture microscopy. We performed RNA sequencing on isolated cells followed by immunocytochemistry to determine the distribution of translational products of transcripts increased in WM line microglia. Cells in the WM line appear activated, with shorter processes and larger cell bodies, whereas those in the GM line appear more homeostatic, with smaller cell bodies and multiple thin processes. Transcript profiling revealed 176 genes in WM lines and 111 genes in GM lines as differentially expressed. Transcripts associated with immune activation and iron homeostasis were increased in WM line microglia, whereas genes belonging to the canonical Wnt signaling pathway were increased in GM line microglia. We propose that the mechanisms of demyelination and dynamics of lesion expansion are responsible for differential transcript expression in WM lines and GM lines, and posit that increased expression of the Fc epsilon receptor, spleen tyrosine kinase, and Bruton's tyrosine kinase, play a key role in regulating microglia/macrophage function at the border of chronic active white matter lesions. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:907-916.

Numerical Simulation Study on the Mechanics and Pore Characteristics of Tectonically Deformed Coal under Multi-Level and Multi-Cycle Loading and Unloading Conditions

Horizontal well cavern completion and stress release is considered a potential technique for efficient development of coalbed methane in tectonically deformed coal (TDC). Pulsating loading and unloading is a key technique for the controlled expansion of caverns and broader stress release within the reservoir. However, current understanding of the mechanical characteristics and pore network structure evolution of TDC under cyclic loading and unloading conditions is still limited. This paper employs numerical simulation methods to study the mechanical behavior and damage characteristics of TDC under cyclic loading and unloading. After obtaining a set of micromechanical parameters reflecting the behavior of TDC samples under triaxial compression in high-stress states, the effects of different stress gradients and cyclic amplitudes on the stress–strain curve, porosity changes, and crack propagation in TDC samples were analyzed. The study results indicate that under various cyclic loading and unloading conditions, the mechanical response characteristics of TDC samples are broadly similar, primarily divided into compression, slow expansion, and accelerated expansion phases. Under low unloading level conditions, the volume expansion of TDC samples is minimal. Also, at the same unloading level, the strain increment decreases with an increasing number of cycles. Correspondingly, under these conditions, the porosity and microcrack expansion in TDC are less than in high-stress gradient scenarios. Under the same unloading level but different amplitudes, the volume expansion rate at 50% unloading amplitude is higher than at 1 MPa unloading amplitude for TDC, with an increased number of crack expansions. Therefore, under cyclic loading conditions, the sensitivity of crack propagation within TDC samples to amplitude is greater than that to unloading level. Under actual pulsating excitation conditions, a low-amplitude, low-stress gradient pulsation method should be used to maintain the stability of horizontal well caverns, and gradually increase the cyclic amplitude to achieve the efficient extraction of coalbed methane in TDC reservoirs. The findings of this study can serve as an important reference for optimizing process parameters in cyclic pulsating stress release engineering for TDC.