Slope Factor Research Articles

Health risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in fruit spirits

ABSTRACT Alcoholic beverages are multicomponent mixtures containing several carcinogenic compounds, including ethyl carbamate, which was evaluated in fruit spirits against the limit proposed by the International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD) and then in terms of associated health. It was above the limit in 40% of the samples and statistically higher in stone fruit spirits. The MOE values below the limit were obtained for 49% and 98% of the samples at average and chronic heavy consumption by men, while for women the limit was reached by 19% and 96% of the samples, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk (LCR) approach based on the oral slope factor indicated risk concern for 96% of the samples at average consumption, regardless of gender, while LCR based on virtually safe dose indicated 25% and 69% of the samples posing a risk to women’s and men’s health, respectively. Preventive measures during spirit production and legal regulation of ethyl carbamate should be considered.

Seasonal resource selection of free-ranging Zhongwei goats in the semi-arid grassland.

Goats rarely move and forage randomly. They tend to move in ways generally influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, respectively. However, few studies have explored the foraging behaviour of goats in the absence of predation and human disturbance. Based on step selection function modelling framework, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, vegetation surveys, and Global Positioning System tracking of 124 free-ranging domestic adult male Zhongwei goats over one year (2016-2017) were used to assess how biotic and abiotic environmental factors affected their spatiotemporal distribution, and developed a conceptual model to represent the goats' trade-off between forage quantity and preference at different seasons, in the semi-arid grassland of Loess Plateau of 1178 hectare. The results showed that spatial distributions of goats responded to spatiotemporal variation of biotic factors rather than abiotic factors of elevation, slope and solar radiation, which indicated that biotic factors were of priority to abiotic factors in the foraging process for the goats. According to the season changing, the goats positively used areas with higher forage quantity in the spring and winter, areas of higher forage quantity and preferred species in summer, and areas of abundance of preferred species in autumn. We developed a model to describe the phenomenon that the goats selected areas with higher preferred species only when the forage quantity was plentiful, otherwise they selected areas with higher forage quantity. Better understanding of the patterns and drivers of spatiotemporal distribution of the goats can improve our ability to predict foraging behaviour of livestock in heterogeneous environment and lead to better management practices and policies for the sustainability of these semi-arid landscapes and associated ecosystem services.

ESTIMASI TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI (TBE) PADA EMPAT TIPE PENGELOLAAN LAHAN DI DESA KARANG SIDEMEN, LOMBOK (Erosion Hazard Level Estimation of Four Land Use Management Types in Karang Sidemen Village, Lombok)

Soil erosion is a significant threat to land sustainability and productivity in mountainous areas. Erosion can affect food security and land vulnerability to climate change. This study was conducted to assess the potential erosion and Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) in four types of land management involving the community in Karang Sidemen Village using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method. The results showed that for each slope class, the Botanical Forest Park (Tahura) Nuraksa Utilization Zone had the lowest potential erosion value, followed by Community Forest (HKm) and Hortipark Tastura. Forest Areas with Special Purpose (KHDTK) Rarung has the highest potential erosion value in all slope classes. For all slope classes, TBE in the Tahura Nuraksa is considered low-level. Erosion Hazard Levels in Hortipark Tastura, KHDTK Rarung, and HKm are dominated by the moderate category. There were significant high and very high TBE in KHDTK Rarung. Soil erodibility values for all types are low. Potential erosion and TBE in the four management types are strongly influenced by slope and vegetation factors.

Groundwater recharge assessment using GIS approach in Chiang Mai basin

The geographic information system (GIS) techniques were used to groundwater recharge estimation and groundwater recharge potential map in Chiang Mai Basin. The groundwater recharge estimation use slope, rainfall and infiltration factor for calculation. Amount of groundwater recharge are 597.20 – 896.19 m3/year. The study used lithology, land use, lineaments, drainage and slope gradient as influence factors to the groundwater recharge potential. The groundwater potentiality was integrated from thematic maps and derived from the sum of the weighted factor using weight overlay method in the GIS system. Almost of the study area is classified as the high groundwater recharge potential zone. The moderate groundwater recharge potential zone is located in the western part of study area and along with the Ping River.

Research on Landslide Trace Recognition by Fusing UAV-Based LiDAR DEM Multi-Feature Information

Landslide traces are crucial geomorphological features of landslides. Through the recognition of landslide traces, a better grasp of the topographical features of landslides can be achieved, thereby aiding in the enhancement of capabilities for the prevention, response, and management of landslides. Aiming at the complex topographic features of landslide traces, only using a single DEM product could provide a complete and comprehensive recognition of landslide traces. A method of landslide tracing recognition based on the fusion of multi-feature information from the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-based Light Detection and Ranging (UAV-based LiDAR) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is proposed. First, a high-precision DEM is constructed by using the LiDAR point cloud data. Based on the DEM, four multi-feature images that can enhance the landslide geomorphology are generated: hillshading, slope, positive openness, and sky-view factor. Furtherore, the DEM multi-feature images were fused using the Visualization for Archaeological Topography (VAT) method to obtain the DEM Multi-Feature Fusion Image (DEM-DFFI). Finally, the landslide traces were extracted from the DEM-DFFI based on fractal theory. The method presented in this paper makes full use of DEM multi-feature images and fuses them, which can accurately and clearly show the topographic and geomorphological features of landslides. Based on this, it helps improve landslide trace recognition accuracy.

Field Test and Structural Stability Analysis of Multi-stage Slope Based on Seepage Coupling Theory

This study takes the slope engineering of the Guangdong North Expressway as the background, and studies the impact of rainfall infiltration on the stability of high slopes through on-site monitoring, data analysis, and model construction. Firstly, based on BC theory, the mechanical calculation model of landslide rainfall is established, and the mechanical formula of slope mechanical properties and Factor of safety considering rainfall process and rainfall infiltration process is derived. Then, by constructing a Fluid–structure interaction numerical calculation model considering the seepage characteristics and mechanical state evolution of the slope, the movement of pore water in the slope under different rainfall intensities and the evolution of the mechanical state and displacement characteristics of the slope were studied. Research has found that the mechanical and numerical calculation models in this article are highly consistent with the actual site conditions, and there may be two potential sliding surfaces in the K738+995 section. The potential sliding surface of K738+910 section is located at a depth of 7 m below the first level platform and 3 m below the third level platform; There may be two potential sliding surfaces in K738+658 section, one is located at the interface between silty clay and sandy clay (9 m below the top of cutting), and the other is mainly located at the interface between sandy clay and completely weathered andesite porphyrite; The surface layer of the slope is silty clay and sandy clay, and the underlying layer is fully strongly weathered andesite porphyrite and moderately weathered dacite. Completely strongly weathered andesite porphyrite is soft, easy to soften and disintegrate when encountering water, and joint fissures are developed. The surface of some cracks is contaminated with iron and manganese, resulting in uneven weathering. The rock is relatively soft and the rock mass is broken. Due to the recent continuous heavy rainfall, the water content of the surface soil of the slope gradually increases and tends to saturation, increasing the self-weight of the slope soil.

Prediction and suppression of chaos following flutter in wind turbines

Chaotic motion in a fluttering wind turbine blade is investigated by the development of an efficient analytical predictive model that is then used to suppress the phenomenon. Flutter is a dynamic instability of an elastic structure in a fluid, such as an airfoil section of a wind turbine blade. It is presently modelled using generalised two degree of freedom coupled modes of a blade airfoil section (pitch and plunge) combined with local unsteady aerodynamics, based on flutter derivatives and a continuous bilinear lift curve under damping. The mode coupling causes instability and limit cycle flutter due to a Hopf bifurcation. Following the critical flutter speed, the response can transition to chaos through successive other bifurcations like period doubling. New closed-form conservative analytical conditions for chaos following blade flutter are identified and discussed for the wind turbine section taking into account the blade geometry and optimal design of the wind turbine. These predictions are numerically verified for a range of conditions including stall slope and damping. The results confirm that chaos following blade flutter can occur due to nonlinearities in the aerodynamics, i.e. due to a bilinear lift law. This phenomenon is then suppressed to unrealistically high wind speeds and/or eliminated by quantified variation of system parameters using the predictive model. The results show that small changes in tip speed ratio (−15%), and stall slope factor (−17%) can eliminate or suppress chaos following flutter, while, in general, larger magnitude changes in dynamic parameters (i.e. mass, inertia > 81%, stiffness > 97%, damping > 100%) are required to achieve the same, by detuning the coupled plunge and pitch natural frequencies or damping out overlapping parametric resonances. These results also highlight that the analytical predictions can remarkably be generalized to any parameter set and provide almost instantaneous calculations representing many thousands of numerical simulations from many bifurcation diagrams (computational acceleration factor of 107 times). General insight is also provided into the occurrence and suppression of airfoil chaos following flutter in aeroelastic structures like wind turbines.

Cannabidiol Modulates M-Type K+ and Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Currents.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring compound found in the Cannabis plant that is known for its potential therapeutic effects. However, its impact on membrane ionic currents remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to investigate how CBD modifies various types of ionic currents in pituitary GH3 cells. Results showed that exposure to CBD led to a concentration-dependent decrease in M-type K+ currents (IK(M)), with an IC50 of 3.6 μM, and caused the quasi-steady-state activation curve of the current to shift to a more depolarized potential with no changes in the curve's steepness. The CBD-mediated block of IK(M) was not reversed by naloxone, suggesting that it was not mediated by opioid receptors. The IK(M) elicited by pulse-train stimulation was also decreased upon exposure to CBD. The magnitude of erg-mediated K+ currents was slightly reduced by adding CBD (10 μM), while the density of voltage-gated Na+ currents elicited by a short depolarizing pulse was not affected by it. Additionally, CBD decreased the magnitude of hyperpolarization-activated cation currents (Ih) with an IC50 of 3.3 μM, and the decrease was reversed by oxaliplatin. The quasi-steady-state activation curve of Ih was shifted in the leftward direction with no changes in the slope factor of the curve. CBD also diminished the strength of voltage-dependent hysteresis on Ih elicited by upright isosceles-triangular ramp voltage. Collectively, these findings suggest that CBD's modification of ionic currents presented herein is independent of cannabinoid or opioid receptors and may exert a significant impact on the functional activities of excitable cells occurring in vitro or in vivo.

Engineering Geology and Slope Stability Analysis in Kendari-Andoolo Road Section, Wolasi District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi

This research presents the engineering geological features of the Kendari-Andoolo road section, Wolasi Sub-district, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, a vulnerable area for landslides. The slope factor of safety (FoS) was also determined using the limit equilibrium method on a single and overall slope. Hand auger drilling and Wenner-Schlumberger configuration geoelectric surveys were conducted to estimate the slope failure plane. The study area is composed of phyllite, mudstone, and sandstone. Discontinuities at the face of the slope are N45ºE and N105ºE shear fractures, N280ºE foliation, and N310ºE fault brecciation. The overburden is low plasticity organic silt (OL) with a density range of 16.92 kN/m3-18.01kN/m3 and a plasticity index of 8.64-10.57 (medium). The FoS values of the slopes assumed rotational and nonrotational slip failures. On a single slope assuming rotational failures, the FoS value was lower than the nonrotational plane but still above the threshold value. The critical FoS is on the rotational sliding plane on the overall slope model. The slope's landslide failure plane is the clay's boundary layers and weathered phyllite.

Potential Factors of Landslide Recurrence in Uttaradit, Thailand: A Case Study in Laplae, Mueang Uttaradit, and Tha Pla Districts

Laplae, Mueang Uttaradit, and Tha Pla district, Uttaradit province, Thailand are considered as high potential landslide areas. Still, this disaster is difficult to address because of complex factors controlling its occurrence. Therefore, the prediction of the potential landslide area using a landslide susceptibility map has been able to accomplish as a great strategy for the disaster. A landslide susceptibility map was produced by the geographic information system (GIS) data. The methods were initially conducted by the selection of potential factors related to landslides, which were lithology, slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, distance to stream, land use, and rainfall. All factors were assigned coefficients weight, and analyses frequency ratio (FR). Then, the weighted variables have been combined and ranked into five different susceptibility levels, which were very low, low, medium, high, and very high. Finally, the produced landslide susceptibility map has been validated by the success rate and prediction rate. After the analysis, the high and the very high landslide susceptibility area were dominantly covered in the northern and northwest parts of the study area; and the factor of slope, land use, and lithology potentially caused the landslide risk indicated by high frequency ratio values. In addition, the produced landslide susceptibility map had high accuracy, about 90% of success rate and prediction rate, calculated from the area under the curve (AUC), this map would be beneficial for geological hazard management and land use planning. The landslide susceptibility map and the GIS-based methods can be applied to the regional area with additional benefits to well-being, society, and the environment.

Analysis and Forecast of Land Use and Carbon Sink Changes in Jilin Province, China

Based on the land use data changes in Jilin Province in 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020, this paper analyzes the land use changes during 2011–2020 through the land use transfer matrix, calculates the changes in carbon sinks of recent years, and then uses the CA–Markov model to predict the land use types and carbon sinks in Jilin Province in 2030 and discusses the driving factors. The results show that cultivated land and forest land are the two major land use types in Jilin Province, and the area of cultivated land, water bodies, and artificial ground in the province increased from 2011 to 2020; the increased area of artificial ground was mainly converted from cultivated land, accounting for 70.34% of the total converted area. The area of forest land is mainly converted along with the area of cultivated land, and grassland is mainly converted to arable areas, accounting for 84.96% of the total converted area. Water bodies and wasteland are mainly converted to cropland and artificial ground, and the area of artificial ground undergoing transfer is smaller. The change in carbon sinks mainly comes from woodland carbon sinks and grassland carbon sinks. In 2030, compared with 2020, the area of woodland, grassland, and wasteland and the corresponding carbon sink is predicted to decrease, among which the area and carbon sink of woodland decrease the most. The factors for land use type change include the slope factor, road factor, township center, and socio-economic drivers.

Temporal properties of the speed-accuracy trade-off for arm-pointing movements in various directions around the body.

Human body movements are based on the intrinsic trade-off between speed and accuracy. Fitts's law (1954) shows that the time required for movement is represented by a simple logarithmic equation and is applicable to a variety of movements. However, few studies have determined the role of the direction in modulating the performance of upper limb movements and the effects of the interactions between direction and distance and between direction and target size. This study examined the variations in temporal properties of the speed-accuracy trade-off in arm-pointing movements that directly manipulate objects according to the direction, distance, and target size. Participants performed pointing movements to the targets with 3 different sizes presented at 15 locations (5 directions and 3 distances) on a horizontal plane. Movement time (MT) for each trial in each condition was obtained. Subsequently, Mackenzie's model (1992), MT = a + b log2(D/W +1), where D and W represent the distance and width of the target, respectively, was fitted. The slope factor b, a fitted parameter in the equation, was calculated and evaluated according to the changes in the direction, distance, and target size. The results showed that MTs exhibited anisotropy in the hemifield, being the smallest in the right-forward direction. Additionally, the slope factor b, as a function of distance, was smaller in the rightward direction than in the forward and left-forward directions. These results suggest that the degree of difficulty of upper limb movements expands heterogeneously in various directions around the body.

Integrated Use of Remote Sensing and GIS in estimating Soil Erosion in the Tukvar Tea Plantation Area, Darjeeling, India by RUSLE Modelling

Soil erosion is one of the major threats to food security and agricultural sustainability worldwide. Numerous factors including relief, slope, land use, land cover, rainfall pattern, soil texture, conservation techniques and anthropogenic factors, combine to cause soil erosion. The enormity and spatial distribution of soil erosion should be known for effectively assessing and mapping erosion-prone areas. In the hill region, soil loss is a significant component in decreasing stability and persistent loss causes landslides. So in order to study this, various soil erosion models have come up amongst which RUSLE has been adopted by many researchers. The goal of the current study is to forecast the projected soil loss in Tukvar tea plantations of the Darjeeling district. This study will provide an estimate of the amount and rate of erosion in the Darjeeling district's Tukvar tea plantations. This study revealed that the leading factors to soil erosion are slope factors and rainfall erosivity. The geo-coded reference of the geographic extent of soil erosion-prone areas will be useful for micro-level planning and will serve as a useful tool for managing and conserving soil.

Reliability of Microinverters for Photovoltaic Systems: High-Temperature Accelerated Testing with Fixed and Cyclic Power Stresses

This paper presents an extended, accelerated reliability evaluation of forty microinverters, module-level power electronic (MLPE) units for photovoltaic (PV) modules. The forty microinverters were stressed at two static temperatures (65 °C and 75 °C) with two input power profiles (fixed and cyclic power). These power profiles were employed to replicate field-use conditions closely. The accelerated testing was performed for an extended duration (over a period of 15,000 h) to determine the acceleration factor and estimate the service life of microinverters in field-use conditions. Electrical performance and thermal data were continuously monitored during the experiment for all the microinverters. The accelerated stress testing had no failures even after 15,000 h of operation. Using the Arrhenius life-stress model along with average field-measured temperature and military handbook-based analysis, it was estimated that the microinverters should be able to survive for 24–48 years during their service life in field conditions, with a reliability of 74%, having a lower one-sided confidence bound of 95%, obtained using the classical success run approach. Moreover, the lifetime of microinverters was statistically analyzed using a Weibull distribution model. Weibull slope factors were used to estimate a range of characteristic lifetime periods and the reliability of the microinverters with a 95% lower one-sided confidence limit, demonstrating a similar or even exceeding the lifetime of the associated PV modules of 25 years.

Taxonomic and phylogenetic perspectives reveal the community assembly of different forest strata along an altitudinal gradient

AbstractDisentangling the distribution patterns of biodiversity along altitudinal gradients and their drivers has been a hot topic in ecological research. Different forest strata show multiple distribution patterns influenced by different community assembly mechanisms. Here, we measure the dominant ecological processes affecting three forest strata (tree, shrub, and herb layers) along altitudinal gradients. We sampled plants with different forest strata in 21 plots located from 2500 to 3700 m in Lasha Mountain, northwestern Yunnan. The taxonomic alpha diversity of the herb layer showed a monotonic decreasing trend with increasing altitude, while the shrub layer was characterized by a single peak, and the tree layer showed no significant change with increasing altitude. We observed a decreasing pattern of phylogenetic diversity with increasing altitude in the herb layer, whereas phylogenetic diversity did not change in the tree and shrub layers. The phylogenetic structure of these three layers showed the same pattern: phylogenetic clustering at low altitudes and overdispersion at middle and high altitudes. The diversity and phylogenetic structure of the herb layer were driven by climate (average dry season precipitation) and topographic (slope and aspect) factors, while shrub layer diversity was mainly influenced by tree layer richness. Overall, the phylogenetic structure pattern of the three forest strata changed from clustered to overdispersed with increasing altitude, indicating that environmental filtering was the main driver at low altitudes, while interspecific competition dominated at middle and high altitudes.

Application of the Improved Entry and Exit Method in Slope Reliability Analysis

The entry and exit method is a simple and practical method to decide the critical slip surface of slope. Nevertheless, it has the drawback of sacrificing computational efficiency to improve search accuracy. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved entry and exit approach to search for the critical slip surface. On basis of the random fields produced by applying the Karhunen–Loève expansion approach, the simplified Bishop’s method combined with the improved entry and exit method is used to decide the critical slip surface and its relevant minimum factor of security. Then, the failure probability is calculated by conducting Monte Carlo simulation. Two instances are reanalyzed to validate the precision and efficiency of the method. Meaningful comparisons are made to show the calculating precision and calculating efficiency of the improved entry and exit method in searching for the minimum security factor of slope, based on which the effect of the reduced searching range on slope reliability was explored. The outcomes suggest that the approach offers a practical device for assessing the reliability of slopes in spatially variable soils. It can significantly enhance the computational efficiency in relatively high-computational precision of slope reliability analysis.

Analysis of landslide explicative factors and susceptibility mapping in an andean context: The case of Azuay province (Ecuador)

Landslides are one of the natural phenomena with more negative impacts on landscape, natural resources, and human health worldwide. Andean geomorphology, urbanization, poverty, and inequality make it more vulnerable to landslides. This research focuses on understanding explanatory landslide factors and promoting quantitative susceptibility mapping. Both tasks supply valuable knowledge for the Andean region, focusing on territorial planning and risk management support. This work addresses the following questions using the province of Azuay-Ecuador as a study area: (i) How do EFA and LR assess the significance of landslide occurrence factors? (ii) Which are the most significant landslide occurrence factors for susceptibility analysis in an Andean context? (iii) What is the landslide susceptibility map for the study area? The methodological framework uses quantitative techniques to describe landslide behavior. EFA and LR models are based on a historical inventory of 665 records. Both identified NDVI, NDWI, altitude, fault density, road density, and PC2 as the most significant factors. The latter factor represents the standard deviation, maximum value of precipitation, and rainfall in the wet season (January, February, and March). The EFA model was built from 7 latent factors, which explained 55% of the accumulated variance, with a medium item complexity of 1.5, a RMSR of 0.02, and a TLI of 0.89. This technique also identified TWI, fault distance, plane curvature, and road distance as important factors. LR's model, with AIC of 964.63, residual deviance of 924.63, AUC of 0.92, accuracy of 0.84, and Kappa of 0.68, also shows statistical significance for slope, roads density, geology, and land cover factors. This research encompasses a time-series analysis of NDVI, NDWI, and precipitation, including vegetation and weather dynamism for landslide occurrence. Finally, this methodological framework replaces traditional qualitative models based on expert knowledge, for quantitative approaches for the study area and the Andean region.

Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Kecamatan Taluditi, Kabupaten Pohuwato

This study aims to determine the characteristics and quality of corn crop land, determine the class of land suitability and what are the limiting factors for corn plants. This research was conducted from September 2022 to January 2023, in Taluditi District, Pohuwato Regency. This study uses a matching matching method between field data for each land unit with corn crop land suitability criteria. The results of the analysis show that Taluditi District has two classes of actual land suitability for maize crops, namely class S3 (According to Marginal) with limiting factors of rainfall, drainage, alkaline saturation, K-Total, pH, P2O5, slopes, erosion hazards, N-Total, effective depth and C-Organic with a land area of 2167.88 ha, and class N (Not Suitable) with drainage limiting factors and effective depth with a land area of 613.51 ha. From the actual land suitability, improvement efforts were made to produce potential land suitability classes in Taluditi District, namely class S2 (Quite Suitable) with a land area of 1567.57 ha, class S3 (Marginal Appropriate) with a land area of 960.99 ha, and class N (Not Suitable) with a land area of 252.83 ha.Keywords : Land Suitability, Actual, Potential, Corn

PUBLIC HEALTH RISK FROM CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER WITH CARCINOGENIC CHEMICALS IN CENTRALIZED WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

The paper presents the results of assessing the carcinogenic risk to public health from consuming drinking water contaminated with priority chemicals at the level of their hygienic standards. A comparative analysis of SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 “Hygienic Standards and Requirements for Ensuring the Safety and (or) Harmlessness of Environmental Factors for Humans” and repealed SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 “Drinking Water and Water Supply to Populated Areas. Drinking Water. Hygienic Requirements for Water Quality of Centralized Drinking Water Supply Systems. Quality Control” valid since March 01, 2021, is carried out. Maximum allowable concentrations of carcinogenic chemical substances and values of slope factors and risk potential factors have been analyzed. A comparative analysis of SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 that is currently in force and the US EPA “2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables” has been conducted. The average daily intake doses of each studied substance in drinking water at the level of maximum permissible concentrations were determined. It has been found that, despite the tightening of standards for some substances, the content of many carcinogens in water at the maximum allowable concentrations or below can lead to high values of potential carcinogenic risk, and a list of activities is needed to complement the current standards regarding the quality of water.

Stability assessment of desander cut slope of Seti Khola Hydropower Project

Due to steep topography in the Himalaya, opening space for the development of infrastructures involves excavation of hillside slopes which possesses certain degree of risk associated with failure. This paper aims to assess the stability of the rock slope excavated for the placement of desander basin of the Seti Khola Hydropower Project (22 MW) located in Lekhnath, Kaski district of Gandaki Province. The height of the cut slope is about 60 m and is the challenging part of the construction work of this project. The slope is cut in the rock mass belonging to highly schistose graphitic phyllite intercalated with meta-sandstone at the upper part of the slope. To conduct a detailed stability assessment, the discontinuities, and geometric characteristics have been evaluated by field mapping. A three dimensional (3D) geological model has been generated to represent the geometric properties of discontinuities and the cut slope incorporating failure plane. The mechanical characteristic of the intact rock is established through literature review whereas the rock mass properties have been assessed using different equations. Rock mass quality has been assessed by using Rock Mass Rating (RMR) method of rock mass classification. RMR values are then correlated into Slope Mass Rating (SMR) incorporating different factors of slopes as per the site conditions. Further, kinematic analysis has been carried out using geometric and discontinuity properties to evaluate the structurally controlled failure. The influence of groundwater and earthquake has been considered while determining the shear strength of sliding surface. Finally, stability assessments have been carried out empirically, analytically and two dimensional (2D) numerical modelling.