Sleep Duration Time Research Articles

Bidirectional relationship between sleep and sedentary behavior in adults with overweight or obesity: A secondary analysis.

Study ObjectivesThe relationships between daytime sedentary behavior and that night’s sleep and sleep and next day’s sedentary behavior are unknown. The purpose of this analysis was to examine these potentially bidirectional associations.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of baseline data from an ecological momentary assessment study to determine the triggers for dietary lapses during a weight loss intervention. Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep were objectively measured using accelerometers. Linear mixed modeling was used to examine the bidirectional multivariate associations between activity and sleep characteristics for each outcome examined separately. The models included sex, age, body mass index (BMI), education, and day of the week (weekday vs. weekend).ResultsParticipants were predominantly white (81.5%) and female (88.9%) with a mean age of 51.2 ± 10.6 years. Longer previous night’s total sleep time (TST) (b = −0.320, standard error [SE] = 0.060; p < .001) and being a weekend (b = −63.845, SE = 9.406; p < .001) were associated with less sedentary time the next day. More daytime sedentary time was associated with less wake after sleep onset (b = −0.018, SE = 0.008; p = .016), fewer awakenings (b = −0.010, SE = 0.004; p = .016), and less TST (b = −0.060, SE = 0.028; p = .029) that night.ConclusionsThe bidirectional relationships between sedentary time and sleep characteristics are complex and may vary depending on participant characteristics and duration of sedentary and sleep time. Interventions to decrease sedentary behavior may benefit by targeting sleep duration and weekday activity.

Consistency where it counts: Sleep regularity is associated with circulating white blood cell count in young adults

BackgroundSleep irregularity is predictive of poor health outcomes, and particularly those of cardiometabolic origins. The immune system is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases, however the relation between sleep regularity and immune cell profile is unclear. Methods and resultsForty-two healthy young adults (20 ​± ​2 years) completed 14 days of 24-h wrist actigraphy followed by a morning blood sample to evaluate circulating white blood cells (WBC) and subtypes (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes). Sleep regularity was operationalized as the standard deviation (SD) of nightly sleep duration and SD of sleep onset time. Every 60-min increase in sleep duration SD was associated with an estimated 2.7 ​± ​0.60 x103 ​cells/μL (p<0.001) increase in total WBC count, while every 60-min increase in sleep onset SD was associated with an estimated 2.4 ​± ​0.60 x103 ​cells/μL (p<0.001) increase in WBCs. Sleep duration SD was also associated with lymphocyte count (11.5 ​± ​3.8 ​cells/μL per 1-min increase, p<0.01), while sleep onset SD was associated with neutrophil (34.7 ​± ​9.8 ​cells/μL per 1-min increase, p<0.01) and monocyte counts (3.0 ​± ​0.9 ​cells/μL per 1-min increase, p<0.01). Sleep regularity metrics remained significantly associated with WBCs in a series of regressions which adjusted for sex, body mass index, resting blood pressure, mean sleep duration, physical activity, dietary sodium, and alcohol consumption. ConclusionsUnfavorable associations between irregular sleep patterns and circulating immune cells are apparent in young adulthood. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence suggesting that consistent sleep schedules are an important dimension of sleep and circadian health and may reduce excess chronic disease risk.

Sleep duration and timing are nonlinearly associated with depressive symptoms among older adults

BackgroundGeriatric depression is a common but preventable psychiatric disorder; however, its association with specific sleep patterns remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the association of self-reported sleep duration and sleep timing with depressive symptoms in the older population. MethodsA total of 1068 older Taiwanese adults (52.7% women; 72.2 ± 5.7 y) responded to a telephone survey during 2019–2020. Self-reported data on sociodemographic characteristics, sleep duration, bedtime, wake-up time (adapted items from Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and depressive symptoms (five-item Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale) were included. Generalized additive models were used to examine the nonlinear associations of sleep duration and midpoint sleep time (ie, the midpoint of bedtime and wake-up time) with depressive symptoms. ResultsThe means of sleep duration and midpoint sleep time in the participants were 6 h per night and 02:13 h, respectively. The results showed marked nonlinear associations of sleep patterns with depressive symptoms. Sleep duration shorter than 4 h per night was associated with a relatively higher level of depressive symptoms, with the highest risk (coefficient = 3.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.12, 4.70) while sleeping 2.06 h per night. The midpoint sleep time was positively associated with depressive symptom scores after 01:00 h. ConclusionsThe results showed that sleep duration and fitting sleep timing were nonlinearly associated with the risks of depressive symptoms in the general older adult population. These findings have implications for targeting nonpharmacological approaches by tackling modifiable behaviors, such as adequate sleep duration and timing, with decreased risks of depressive symptoms in the older adult population.

Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Habits of Children Aged 10-12 Years Enrolled in the School Lunch Program in Greece: A Cross Sectional Analysis.

School Lunch programs are a common strategy to address social inequalities in food access among children, especially food insecurity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary intake and lifestyle habits of children aged 10–12 years enrolled in the School Lunch Program in Greece. A cross-sectional survey of fifth and sixth grade students, School Lunch recipients (n = 609) and control subjects (n = 736), collected data on sociodemographic, nutritional and lifestyle habits via self-reported questionnaires during May–October 2019. Despite enrollment in the School Lunch Program children in this group reported consuming less meals during the day (3.47 ± 1.38 vs. 3.65 ± 1.35, p = 0.002). No differences were seen in intakes of energy and macronutrients, however School Lunch recipients reported lower intakes of cereals/potatoes and legumes but higher fruit intake (2.32 ± 1.59 vs. 1.97 ± 1.72, p < 0.05). School Lunch recipients reported 42min/d and 28min/d higher screen-time during weekdays and weekends, respectively. Linear regression highlighted that dietary quality was not associated with School Lunch enrollment but rather sleep duration and screen time had a stronger influence on dietary habits. Enrollment in a School Lunch Program was linked to sustained differences in sedentary lifestyle habits but less so in dietary habits.

Sleep Deprevation Effect On The Driving Activity Using Sustained Attention Test

The rate of train accidents in Indonesia is still high, mainly caused by humans related to fatigue while on duty. One of the factors that influence the level of fatigue is the duration of the previous sleep time which causes the level of alertness at work to decrease. This study aims to determine how significantly a person alertness performance decreases due to sleep deprivation using Sustained Attention Test. The study was conducted with laboratory experiments using a train simulator involving twelve participants aged 21.2 ± 0.92 years. The independent variable is the duration of sleeping time before driving with a duration of eight hours for normal conditions and a duration of two hours for sleep deprivation. The dependent variable is the parameter on the Sustained Attention Test which is tested before and after driving using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that there was a increase in the value of the Sustained Attention Test, especially the error and miss parameters which were significant due to sleep deprivation with an average significance of p-value less than 0.05 and increasingly significant with an average of p-value less than 0.01 after driving activity. This shows that sleep deprivation greatly affects the drivers performance while on duty.

Association between 24-hour movement guidelines and physical fitness in children.

Physical fitness levels in Japanese children are lower than those in the 1980s. Twenty-four hour movement guidelines were recently developed to improve both present and future health of children. This study examined whether meeting the 24 h movement guidelines was associated with physical fitness measures in primary school children. Participants were 243 Japanese children (9.4 ± 1.7years). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was evaluated using accelerometry. Sleep duration and screen time were reported. Physical fitness was assessed by grip strength, sit-ups, sitting trunk flexion, and 20 m shuttle run test. Meeting the 24 h movement guidelines was defined as: 9-11h / night of sleep, ≤2h/day of screen time, and at least 60min/day of MVPA. The associations between physical fitness and the recommendations were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Children meeting the MVPA recommendation alone performed better on the 20 m shuttle run and sit-up test compared to those not meeting the recommendation (number of laps: 41 vs 36, P = 0.009 and number of repetitions: 16.3 vs 14.7, P = 0.021). Children meeting the combination of MVPA and sleep recommendation scored significantly higher on the sit-up test compared to those not meeting the recommendations (number of repetitions: 16.5 vs 15.0, P = 0.038) but the effect was similar to that of the MVPA reference only. Meeting all three 24 h movement guidelines was not associated with measures of fitness in this sample. Meeting the MVPA recommendation was associated with greater aerobic fitness and muscle endurance. In order to enhance children's physical fitness, public health recommendations should primarily target MVPA.

Health-related quality of life in adolescents: individual and combined impact of health-related behaviors (DADOS study).

To investigate the individual and combined effect of physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sleep quality, sleep duration, and screen time on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents. This is a cross-sectional analysis with 262 adolescents (13.9 ± 0.3years) from DADOS (Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud) study. Physical activity was assessed with a wrist-worn GENEActiv triaxial accelerometer. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated by the KIDMED questionnaire. Sleep patterns were self-reported through the Spanish version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Screen time was assessed through the HELENA sedentary behavior questionnaire. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire. Scores were categorized into low and high using a normative cut-off used to identify factors associated with being in a high HRQoL group. A healthy lifestyle index was created including positive scores for each individual behavior, and five categories of achievement were established (0, 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4). Sleep patterns and screen time revealed a significant individual relationship with HRQoL (p < 0.05). Adolescents achieving ≥ 3 positive health-related behaviors showed higher HRQoL levels compared to those fulfilling none (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed an increased likelihood of high HRQoL according to the number of positive health-related behaviors achieved (p < 0.05). Our results reveal higher levels of HRQoL in those adolescents achieving ≥ 3 health-related behaviors compared to their peers achieving none. Moreover, our findings show a cumulative effect of health-related behaviors on HRQoL. These findings underline the key role of promoting a healthy lifestyle in order to improve adolescents' health and well-being.

Combination of sleep duration, TV time and body mass index is associated with cardiometabolic risk moderated by age in youth.

The combination of sleep duration, television (TV) time and body mass index (BMI) may be related to the alteration of cardiometabolic risk. However, there are few studies that use these variables grouped, and showing the moderating role of age. This study aimed to verify if the combination of sleep duration, TV time and BMI is associated with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age in this relationship in youth. Cross-sectional study conducted with 1411 adolescents (611 male), aged 10-17 years. Sleep duration, TV time and BMI were assessed and grouped into eight categories. Cardiometabolic risk was assessed by a continuous metabolic risk score, including the following variables: low HDL-cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, dysglycemia, high systolic blood pressure, high waist circumference and low cardiorespiratory fitness. Generalized linear models were used to test moderation of age in the relationship between the eight categories of sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. Cardiometabolic risk factor showed association with all overweight or obesity independent of sleep time and TV time. Age moderated the relationship between sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. This association was stronger in younger adolescents (11 and 13 years), indicating that individuals with inadequate sleep, prolonged TV time and overweight/obesity present higher cardiometabolic risk values when compared to 15-year-old adolescents. Overweight/obesity, independently of sleep duration and TV time, is the main risk factor for cardiometabolic disorders in adolescence. When moderated by age, younger adolescents that presented the combination of risk factors had higher cardiometabolic risk.

Multiple lifestyle factors and depressed mood: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of the UK Biobank (N\u2009=\u200984,860)

BackgroundThere is now evolving data exploring the relationship between depression and various individual lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco smoking. While this data is compelling, there is a paucity of longitudinal research examining how multiple lifestyle factors relate to depressed mood, and how these relations may differ in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and those without a depressive disorder, as ‘healthy controls’ (HC).MethodsTo this end, we assessed the relationships between 6 key lifestyle factors (measured via self-report) and depressed mood (measured via a relevant item from the Patient Health Questionnaire) in individuals with a history of or current MDD and healthy controls (HCs). Cross-sectional analyses were performed in the UK Biobank baseline sample, and longitudinal analyses were conducted in those who completed the Mental Health Follow-up.ResultsCross-sectional analysis of 84,860 participants showed that in both MDD and HCs, physical activity, healthy diet, and optimal sleep duration were associated with less frequency of depressed mood (all p < 0.001; ORs 0.62 to 0.94), whereas screen time and also tobacco smoking were associated with higher frequency of depressed mood (both p < 0.0001; ORs 1.09 to 1.36). In the longitudinal analysis, the lifestyle factors which were protective of depressed mood in both MDD and HCs were optimal sleep duration (MDD OR = 1.10; p < 0.001, HC OR = 1.08; p < 0.001) and lower screen time (MDD OR = 0.71; p < 0.001, HC OR = 0.80; p < 0.001). There was also a significant interaction between healthy diet and MDD status (p = 0.024), while a better-quality diet was indicated to be protective of depressed mood in HCs (OR = 0.92; p = 0.045) but was not associated with depressed mood in the MDD sample. In a cross-sectional (OR = 0.91; p < 0.0001) analysis, higher frequency of alcohol consumption was surprisingly associated with reduced frequency of depressed mood in MDD, but not in HCs.ConclusionsOur data suggest that several lifestyle factors are associated with depressed mood, and in particular, it calls into consideration habits involving increased screen time and a poor sleep and dietary pattern as being partly implicated in the germination or exacerbation of depressed mood.

Sleep Time Duration Does Not Affect Oral Inflammation and Periodontal Health Status in Night-Shift Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundNight-shift workers experience circadian rhythm disruption, changes in sleep time duration, and effects on their eating habits. All these factors may be related to the release of inflammatory mediators and may affect oral inflammation and periodontal health status. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of sleep time duration on oral inflammation and periodontal health status in night-shift workers and non-night-shift workers.MethodsThis study involved two groups with 27 participants each: one group of night-shift workers and one group of non-night-shift workers. Examination of depth of pocket and bleeding on probing (BOP) was conducted with a periodontal probe. Non-stimulating saliva samples were collected to analyze the levels of melatonin, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) using ELISA. Comparisons for each parameter were performed using independent t-tests, and the relationships between duration of sleep and depth of pocket, BOP, salivary melatonin, MDA, and TNF-α were calculated using linear regression.ResultsThe night-shift worker group had a short sleep time duration (p = 0.000). The salivary melatonin level of the night-shift workers was lower than that of the non-night-shift workers (p = 0.000). MDA, depth of pocket, and BOP were higher in the night-shift workers (p = 0.000). Only salivary melatonin showed a correlation with sleep time duration in the night-shift worker group (p < 0.05). Neither subject group showed an effect of sleep time duration on depth of pocket, BOP, salivary melatonin, MDA, or TNF-α (p > 0.05).ConclusionNight-shift workers showed higher rates of oral inflammation and periodontal health status, but there was no relationship between these factors and sleep time duration.

Nelumbo nucifera promotes non-rapid eye movement sleep by regulating GABAergic receptors in rat model

Ethnopharmacological relevanceNelumbo nucifera are used in folk medicine for anti-depressant, anti-convulsant, neuroprotective, and many other purposes. Aim of the studyThe present work evaluated the sleep potentiating effects of water extract from lotus seed in rat, and the neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying these effects. Materials and methodsPentobarbital-induced sleep test and electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis were applied to investigate sleep latency, duration, total sleeping time and sleep quality of Lotus extract. In addition, real-time PCR and HPLC analysis were applied to analyze the signaling pathway. ResultsWe found that the amounts of the possible active compounds GABA (2.33 mg/g) and L-tryptophan (2.00 mg/g) were higher than quinidine (0.55 mg/g) and neferine (0.16 mg/g) in lotus seed extract. High dose (160 mg/kg) administration of lotus extract led to a tendency towards decreased sleep latency time and an increase in sleep duration time compared to the control group in a pentobarbital-induced sleep model (p < 0.05). After high dose administration, total sleep and NREM were significantly increased compared to control, while wake time and REM were significantly decreased. Lotus extract-treated rats showed significantly reduced wake time and increased sleep time in a caffeine-induced model of arousal. The transcription level of GABAA receptor, GABAB receptor, and serotonin receptor tended to increase with dose, and lotus extract showed a strong dose-dependent binding capacity to the GABAA receptor. ConclusionThe above results strongly suggest that GABA contained in lotus seed extract acts as a sleep potentiating compound, and that sleep-potentiating activity involves GABAA receptor binding.

Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines in low-income Brazilian preschoolers and associations with demographic correlates.

The importance of movement behaviors for health is well known, although few studies have examined the adherence to movement guidelines in low-income preschoolers from a middle-income country, as Brazil. This study reports the proportion of preschoolers meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines and investigates its associations with demographic correlates in Brazilian low-income preschoolers. Two hundred and seventy preschoolers (132 boys, means age=3.97 ± 0.80) provided physical activity (PA) data (Actigraph wGT3X). Sleep duration, screen time, and social correlates were parent-reported. Preschoolers were classified as compliant/not compliant with the 24-hour movement guidelines. Relationships between compliance with movement behaviors guidelines and demographic correlates were calculated using a network analysis (Mplus 8.0; Rstudio). Preschoolers were active (273.52 ± 62.08 minutes/day of total PA), though moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was below the guideline (58.68 ± 22.51 minutes/day); spent more than the recommended 60 minutes/day on screen time (169.91 ± 97.07 minutes/day); and slept less than 10hours per night (9.44 ± 1.12 hours/day). Only 3% of the sample complied with the guidelines. PA showed the highest compliance (43%), compared to sleep duration (35%) and screen time (15%). Male sex was related to adherence to MVPA recommendations, while female sex, with adherence to total PA recommendations. Child's primary caregiver was the most important centrality indicator in the network. Only 3% of the assessed preschoolers are compliant with the 24-hour movement behaviors guidelines. Strategies to promote adherence to movement behaviors among low-income preschoolers should consider child's primary caregivers to support movement behaviors.

Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep behavior and screen exposure time: an observational study among Indian school children

ABSTRACT Lockdown is an important measure that has been globally adopted to reduce the spread of the contagious disease caused by SARS CoV-2. The imposed schedule and confinement led to extensive use of digital media and rise in sedentary activity drastically. The escalated duration of screen exposure causes disruption in sleep behavior. An online survey was conducted to comprehend the effect of lockdown on sleep behavior and screen exposure time on school children. Screen exposure time involved with various electronic gadgets was also analyzed. It was observed that the social jet lag and sleep debt were significantly less during lockdown than before it. Inertia during lockdown significantly increased. The difference between screen exposure time on weekdays before lockdown and weekends during lockdown was identified to be the highest. Three clusters based on sleep behavior and duration of screen time were identified of which Cluster 2 revealed simultaneous existence of high sleep duration and screen time. These baseline data on sleep parameters and duration of exposure to the screen will help us in devising approaches to mitigate the evident disruption this unprecedented phase has brought about.

Short and long sleep duration and associated factors in pre-adolescence and early adulthood: evidence from the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort study

ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to investigate the associated factors with short and long sleep duration at ages 11 (pre-adolescence) and 22 years old (early adulthood). MethodsParticipants of the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort with self-reported sleep records at 11 (n = 4442) and 22 (n = 3800) years were included. The total sleep time duration was categorised as short (<9 h for 11 years and <7 h for 22 years), long (>11 for 11 years and >9 for 22 years) and recommended according to the National Sleep Foundation criteria. Multinomial regression analyses were applied according to a hierarchical approach in order to investigate the associated factors with sleep duration patterns. All analyses were stratified by sex. ResultsHigher income was associated with higher odds of short sleep duration in 11-year-old boys [OR = 1.54 (CI95%: 1.08; 2.19)] and girls [OR = 1.45 (CI95%: 1.03; 2.06)] and also with lower odds of long sleep duration in both ages. At 22 years, common mental health disorders were associated with higher odds of short sleep duration in both men [OR = 1.56 (CI95%: 1.18; 2.06)] and women [OR = 1.48 (CI95%: 1.11; 1.99)]. Sleep duration was also related to screen time and physical activity showing different association patterns according to sex and age. ConclusionsDifferent factors may be associated with sleep duration patterns in pre-adolescence and early adulthood. Our results emphasise the importance of considering stratification analyses to identify associated factors with sleep duration since they may vary according to age and sex.

Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time

BackgroundA high prevalence of overweight and obesity has been found in adolescents of New Caledonia and other Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Although Westernization may contribute to the weight gain in populations of Oceanian, Non-European, Non-Asian ancestry (ONENA), little is known about the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with overweight in the Melanesian and Polynesian adolescents of New Caledonia. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a pluri-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents (N = 954; age M = 13.2 years) completed a survey to estimate sleep duration, screen time, and dietary pattern using a food frequency questionnaire. Demographic data (gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status: SES, area of residence) were collected, and anthropometric measures were used to compute weight status. FindingsWe found a higher risk for being overweight in Melanesian (OR = 1.67) and Polynesian (OR = 5.40) adolescents compared with European adolescents, even after controlling for age, SES, area of residence, dietary pattern, sleep duration and screen time. We also found that low SES (OR = 3.43) and sleep duration (OR = 0.65 per hour) were independently associated with overweight status in the European but not in ONENA adolescents. InterpretationIn this study, the main contribution to being overweight was ethnic background, i.e. being Melanesian or Polynesian. The hypothesis of a genetic influence thus seems attractive and merits further analyses. FundingThis project was funded by the University of New Caledonia and the Fondation Nestlé France.

Relationship between sleep duration and TV time with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents

ObjectiveTo verify the association between sleep duration and television time with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age, gender, and skin color/ethnicity in this relationship among adolescents.MethodsCross-sectional study with 1411 adolescents (800 girls) aged 10 to 17 years. Television time, sleep duration, age, gender, and skin color/ethnicity were obtained by self-reported questionnaire. Cardiometabolic risk was evaluated using the continuous metabolic risk score, by the sum of the standard z-score values for each risk factor: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycemia, cardiorespiratory fitness, systolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. Generalized linear regression models were used.ResultsThere was an association between television time and cardiometabolic risk (β, 0.002; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.003). Short sleep duration (β, 0.422; 95% CI, 0.012; 0.833) was positively associated with cardiometabolic risk. Additionally, age moderated the relationship between television time and cardiometabolic risk (β, − 0.009; 95% CI, − 0.002; − 0.001), suggesting that this relationship was stronger at ages 11 and 13 years (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.006) compared to 13 to 15 years (β, 0.002; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.004). No association was found in older adolescents (β, 0.001; 95% CI, − 0.002; 0.002).ConclusionsTelevision time and sleep duration are associated with cardiometabolic risk; adolescents with short sleep have higher cardiometabolic risk. In addition, age plays a moderating role in the relationship between TV time and cardiometabolic risk, indicating that in younger adolescents the relationship is stronger compared to older ones.

Physical activity, screen time and sleep duration: Combined associations with psychosocial health among Canadian children and youth.

Canada recently adopted the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (24-Hour Guidelines) for young people aged 5 to 17 years-an international first, providing integrated recommendations for physical activity, sedentary time and sleep. Since the release of the guidelines, very few studies have examined the associations of adherence to the 24-Hour Guidelines with health outcomes-and none focus on psychosocial health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the associations of meeting the 24-Hour Guidelines and their behaviour-specific recommendations with psychosocial health among Canadian children and youth. This cross-sectional study included 4,250 children and youth aged 5 to 17 years with valid accelerometer data. The study data were collected from 2009 to 2015 with the Canadian Health Measures Survey and pooled. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was measured using accelerometers; screen time, sleep duration and measures of psychosocial health were self- or proxy-reported. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of meeting individual or different combined recommendations from the 24-Hour Guidelines with psychosocial health. There was low overall adherence to all three 24-Hour Guidelines recommendations, especially among youth (children: 13.9%, youth: 4.8%). Meeting two or more of the recommendations was associated with higher odds of positive psychosocial health among youth (odds ratio [OR] = 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-8.19). Sleep duration and screen time were strongly associated with social behaviour and psychosocial health among Canadian youth. Adherence to the 24-Hour Guidelines was significantly associated with better psychosocial health among Canadian youth.

Associations Between Bedroom Television And Child Versus Parent-reports Of Youth Screen Time And Sleep Duration

INTRODUCTION: Child self-report and parent proxy-report are frequently used for assessing youth sleep duration (SLP) and screen time (ST) behaviors; however, ?discrepancies in the reporting of youth SLP and ST between children and parents are not well understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine if family ST rules and child bedroom televisions (BTV) were associated with discrepancies between child and parent reports of youth SLP and ST behaviors. METHODS: Children aged 8-11 self-reported their SLP and ST behaviors, if they had a BTV, and demographic information. Parents report?ed ?information about their child’s SLP and ST behaviors, family ?ST rules, and family characteristics (i.e. income, marital status, etc.). The prevalence of parents reporting less healthy, similar, or healthier behaviors compared to child-reports was calculated. Separate linear regression models examined if BTV and family ?ST rules were predictive of the discrepancies in the reporting of youth’s SLP and ST between parents and children. RESULTS: Parents reported healthier child behaviors (less screen time and more sleep) compared to child reports. Linear regression models identified child BTV as a significant predictor of discrepancies in child-parent reporting for both, SLP and ST (p=.01 and p=.03, respectively), but not family ST rules (both p < .05) CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a child BTV contributes to discrepancies in child and parent reporting of youth’s SLP and ST behaviors. Future work evaluating youth SLP and ST behaviors using survey tools and national data collection protocols should capture information about the presence of a child BTV.

Physical Activity And Sleep Quality In Community-dwelling Older Adults

Increasing life expectancy has implications for the health system. There is strong evidence that health is dependent on peoples’ lifestyle. Sufficient and regular physical activity as well as a good sleep quality are major factors for improved health. Despite health benefits, the majority of older adults do not meet evidence-based physical activity recommendations. Moreover, the prevalence of sleep disorders in this age group is high. PURPOSE: To determine the association between physical activity and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults (>65 years). METHODS: This cross-sectional study is based on 64 community-dwelling older adults (82.1 ± 6.4 years (MD ± SD); females 42). Barthel-Index was used for physical disability rating. The average amount of physical activity was assessed by means of accelerometer (MyWellnessKey), measured on 4 out of 7 consecutive days. Self-reported sleep quality, duration and bed rest time were obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Bivariate correlations (Spearman-Rho) were used to explore relationships between physical activity and sleep quality. In order to analyze differences between subgroups (≥7, 6-7, 5-6, <5 hours of sleep; Barthel Index <90 vs. ≥90 pts) univariate ANOVAs were applied; in case of significance followed by Tukey-HSD post-hoc analyses. RESULTS: Physical activity levels among community-dwelling older adults ranged from 561.2 to 5335.7 moves per week. No linear association between physical activity and sleep quality was found (p > .05). In subgroup analyses (n = 41, Barthel Index ≥90 pts, free of pre-existing conditions) physical activity levels (2251.6 ± 1119.1, 2516.4 ± 644.5, 3528.7 ± 1461.9, 2019.2 ± 1105.2 moves per week) differed significantly (p = .037) between groups of different sleep duration. The association between physical activity and sleep quality was confined to older adults reporting ≥7 hours of sleep and older adults reporting 5-6 hours of sleep (p = .049). CONCLUSION: Present data indicate comparable low to very low physical activity levels in community-dwelling older adults. There is no accordance between higher activity levels and better sleep quality in the investigated cohort per se. However, a sleep duration of 5-6 hours seems to be associated with 7.6 hours bed rest time and a higher level of physical activity.

Effect of a mobilization program administered after open cholecystectomy on sleep duration and several other clinical variables

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on sleep duration, pain level, first flatus and defecation time, and discharge of a mobilization program administered under nurse supervision and monitoring following open cholecystectomy.Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed in February-August 2019 in the general surgery clinic of a public hospital. Considering the possibility of data loss, 68 patients meeting the research criteria were included. Two patients from the experimental group and two from the control group subsequently dropped out, and the study was finally completed with 64 patients. Data were collected using a patient description form, a Visual Analogue Scale, and a walking chart on which pedometer output was recorded. Results: Length of hospitalization was shorter, first flatus and defecation time occurred earlier, and walking distances were longer in the experimental group compared to the control group. No difference was determined between the groups in terms of amount of drainage, or times to spontaneous urination. It was determined that the pain levels in the control were lower than those in the experimental group on postoperative day 1, and sleep durations on postoperative days 2 and 3 were significantly longer.Conclusion: Earlier first flatus, defecation time, and discharge, and significantly longer walking distances, were determined in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, the mobilization program had no effect on sleep duration or pain levels.