Sleep Quality In Adults Research Articles

Evaluation of Health Anxiety and Sleep Quality of Adults Over 40 Years Old in An Internal-Oncology Clinic during the Covid 19 Pandemic Process

Bu çalışma, bir dahiliye-onkoloji kliniğine yatan 40 yaş üstü yetişkinlerin Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde sağlık anksiyeteleri ve uyku kalitelerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışma 200 katılımcı ile tamamlanmıştır. Çalışmada, katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve genel sağlık durumunu sorgulayan kişisel veri formu, “Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği (SAÖ)” ve “Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ)” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis H testi ve Spearman’s korelasyon testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi P < 0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre, katılımcıların PUKİ toplam ölçek puanı 6,585±3,265 olarak saptanmıştır. PUKİ toplam puanı 5 eşik değerinin üzerinde olan 96 kişinin (%48) uyku kalitesi kötü olarak değerlendirilmiştir. SAÖ toplam puanı ise, 17,315±4,243 olarak belirlenmiştir. PUKİ toplam puanı, uyku süresi, uyku bozukluğu alt boyutları ile SAÖ toplam puanı, bedensel belirtilere aşırı duyarlılık ve kaygı alt boyutu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır (P < 0,05). Pandemi sürecinin olumsuz etkileri ile mücadele için destek mekanizmaları oluşturulurken ve yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek adına atılacak adımlar planlanırken, salgın sürecinin uyku kalitesi üzerine olumsuz etkisi de göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

University Student Sleep Quality: Some Health Insights regarding Light Exposure

Young adult sleep quality is reported to be compromised in the literature with shortened sleep intervals, daytime napping, excessive daytime sleepiness and excessive wakeups. The description of young adult sleep quality commonly includes the rationale that the independent schedule of the young adults coupled with their preferred social schedule, work and academic schedules leaves the planning for sleep to last place. Despite mentation and memory reductions with sleep deprivation secondary to poor sleep quality documented in young adults, the poor sleep quality prevails. This study is focused on the elements of arousal during a young adult’s day that may predispose them to elevated activation and difficulty relaxing sufficiently to fall asleep. It was hypothesized that light exposure was elevated in young adults with poor sleep quality. Light exposure in terms of overhead bright lights in classrooms and laboratories of the academic environment, bright light in terms of video monitors/TVs/tablets/phone exposure is sufficiently stimulating to cause cognitive activation was light exposure.

Association between sleep quality and general anesthesia in teenager under elective surgery: a prospective study.

Anesthesia was reported to be associated with lowered postoperative sleep quality in adults, but its effect on teenager was less understood. This study was conducted to explore the association between postoperative sleep quality and general anesthesia in teenagers. A prospective study was conducted. Teenagers aged from 12 to 16years who were treated with general anesthesia and under urologic or otolaryngologic surgery were recruited. Healthy teenagers matched by sex and age (± 3years) with the specific case were recruited as the controls. The Sleep Habits Questionnaire was applied to assess the sleep quality of the teenagers. We applied a logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between general anesthesia in teenagers under elective surgery and poor sleep quality. Risk ratio (RR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. A total of 212 teenagers were included comprising 106 patients with general anesthesia who underwent urologic or otolaryngologic surgery and 106 healthy controls. The male participants were accounting for 47.2% (100/212). Anesthesia duration and surgery duration in the patients were 103.7 ± 14.4min and 162.1 ± 17.0min, respectively. Positive associations between general anesthesia and poor sleep quality in the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days were found, and RRs and their corresponding 95%CIs were 4.87 (1.72-13.79), 3.33 (1.22-9.1), and 3.26 (1.07-9.93), respectively. However, there was a lack of statistical associations before surgery and after 14 postoperative days. Teenagers who were treated with general anesthesia and under urologic or otolaryngologic surgery might have poor sleep quality within 7 postoperative days.

Fatigue in Survivors of Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Background and ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of fatigue after autoimmune encephalitis, determine associations with patients' characteristics, and identify factors that contribute to its development.MethodsIn a first cohort recruited via several encephalitis support organizations, self-reported questionnaires were used to evaluate fatigue, depression, and sleep quality in adults after autoimmune encephalitis. In a second cohort where more in-depth clinical characterization could be performed, adults with encephalitis from 2 tertiary hospitals were evaluated using the same questionnaires. Patients' characteristics were retrospectively captured.ResultsIn the first cohort (mean [SD] age; 43 [16] years, 220 [65%] female), 220 of 338 participants (65%) reported fatigue, 175 of 307 (57%) depression, and 211 of 285 (74%) poor sleep quality. In the second cohort (48 [19] years; 43 [50%] women), 42 of 69 participants (61%) reported fatigue, whereas 23 of 68 (34%) reported depression and 44 of 66 (67%) poor sleep quality, despite more than 80% having “good” modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores (0–2). Individuals with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis reported lower fatigue scores than those with other autoimmune encephalitis types. In a multivariate analysis examining factors at discharge that might predict fatigue scores, only anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis was a (negative) predictor of fatigue and remained so when potential confounders were included.DiscussionThe impact of fatigue after autoimmune encephalitis is prominent and not fully accounted for by depression or sleep quality, nor adequately captured by mRS scores for disability. Fatigue is pervasive across autoimmune encephalitis, although lower scores are reported in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Fatigue should be screened routinely, considered as an outcome measure in clinical trials, and further studied from a mechanistic standpoint.

Child maltreatment and sleep: Two pathways explaining the link.

Many children suffer from maltreatment and show the aftermath of these experiences even in adulthood. Child maltreatment can lead to impaired sleep. This study examines pathways in which the association between child maltreatment and impaired sleep can be explained. In a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, maltreatment experiences (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), romantic relationship satisfaction (Couple Satisfaction Index), attachment (Revised Adult Attachment Scale), cognitive hyperarousal (Emotion Control Questionnaire-rehearsal) and insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index) were assessed in 314 individuals aged 18-83years and currently in a committed romantic relationship. Eligible participants (N=57, aged 18-70 years) took part in an additional sleep assessment (actigraphy) and completed a questionnaire on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Demographic data were also assessed. Impaired subjective sleep was significantly predicted by child maltreatment experiences. In addition, rumination and romantic relationship satisfaction mediated the association between child maltreatment and adult sleep quality. A serial mediation from child maltreatment via comfort with closeness and romantic relationship satisfaction on sleep quality was found. Therapeutic treatments should focus more on sleep quality. Furthermore, they should also consider rumination to decrease the effect of child maltreatment on sleep quality. Sleep should also be taken into account in emotional regulation therapies for children as well as couples therapy in adulthood to decrease the effect of sleep impairments and child maltreatment on further life.

Demographic, clinical, and symptomatic correlates of subjective sleep quality in adults with multiple sclerosis

BackgroundThis study examined a comprehensive set of demographic, clinical, and symptomatic variables as correlates of subjective sleep quality in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). MethodsParticipants with MS(N=485) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), a demographics and clinical characteristics questionnaire, the Patient Determined Disease Steps Scale(PDDS), the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We conducted bivariate Spearman's rho (ρ) correlation analyses and multiple linear regression analysis for identifying variables associated with PSQI scores. ResultsParticipants had a mean (standard deviation) age of 55.4 (12.6) years and were mostly female (78%) with a median [interquartile range] PDDS of 2.0[3.0]. Higher levels of fatigue (ρ=0.32), more symptoms of anxiety (ρ=0.39) and depression (ρ=0.36), younger age (ρ=−0.12), lower income status (ρ=−0.13), shorter MS disease duration (ρ=−0.11), being in a minority group (ρ=0.09), and being unemployed (ρ=−0.10) were associated with worse sleep quality. There were no significant associations between gender, marital status, parental status, education level, disability status, or MS disease type and sleep quality. The overall regression model accounted for 26.3% of variance in sleep quality (F[8,229.8]=20.25) and there were significant coefficients for anxiety(β=0.25), fatigue(β=0.18), depression(β=0.16), and employment status(β=−0.12), but not disease duration, age, race, or income level. DiscussionParticipants with higher levels of anxiety, fatigue, and depression and who were unemployed reported worse sleep quality in our sample of adults with MS. These results may identify specific subgroups of the MS population that experience more sleep problems, and therefore are in greatest need for interventions designed to improve sleep impairment.

Discrepancies between self-reported and device-measured sleep parameters in adults with multiple sclerosis.

Sleep problems are a common consequence of multiple sclerosis; however, there is limited evidence regarding the agreement between device-measured and self-reported sleep parameters in adults with multiple sclerosis. The present study examined the agreement between self-reported and device-measured parameters of sleep quality in a sample of adults with multiple sclerosis. Participants (n = 49) completed a 7-day sleep diary and wore a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3×+ (ActiGraph Corp., Pensecola, FL) for seven consecutive nights to quantify self-reported and device-measured sleep parameters, respectively. There was a significant discrepancy between self-reported and device-measured parameters of total time in bed (mean difference = 19.8 [51.3] min), sleep onset latency (mean difference = 22.2 [19.5] min), and frequency of awakenings during the night (mean difference = 12.8 [6.8]). Intraclass correlation estimates indicated poor agreement between methods on most parameters, except for total time in bed (intraclass correlation = 0.80). Bland-Altman plots suggested that total time in bed and total sleep time had acceptable levels of agreement and linear regression analyses indicated that sleep onset latency (F = 113.91, B = -1.34, P < .001), number of awakenings (F = 543.34, B = 1.85, P < .001), and sleep efficiency (F = 18.39, B = -0.77, P < .001) had significant proportional bias. Our results draw attention to the discrepancies between sleep parameter measurements and highlight the importance of including both self-report and device-measured outcomes for a complete and accurate representation of sleep in adults with multiple sclerosis. Cederberg KLJ, Mathison BG, Schuetz ML, Motl RW. Discrepancies between self-reported and device-measured sleep parameters in adults with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(2):415-421.

Associations Between Daytime Physical Activity and Sleep Patterns in Children With Epilepsy

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases in children. Sleep disorders tend to increase the risk of seizures, and research has found that moderate physical activity may improve the quantity and quality of sleep in adults. However, the link between physical activity level and sleep patterns in toddlers and preschool-age children with epilepsy remains unclear. To explore the association between level of physical activity and sleep patterns in toddlers and preschool-age children with epilepsy. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted. Ninety-eight children with epilepsy (1.5-6 years old) wore an actigraph for seven days. Additional data were collected using a health information datasheet, Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and sleep diary, all of which were completed by the parents of each child. The results showed that the mean amount of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day was 36.00 ± 49.20 minutes and that only 23 children (23.5%) had a nighttime sleep efficiency greater than 85%. The overall CSHQ score (56.00 ± 5.69) indicated the presence of moderate to severe sleep disturbances. Multiple regression analysis showed the hours and percentage of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to be positively associated with night sleep efficiency (β = .54, p < .01; β = .51, p < .01) and negatively associated with nighttime sleep hours (β = -.55, p < .01; β = -.52, p < .01), even after controlling for potential confounders. Based on the findings, the sleep patterns and physical activity of children with epilepsy should be regularly assessed. Furthermore, appropriately increasing the duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may improve sleep efficiency and prevent reductions in the duration of night sleep.

Physical activity and self-reported sleep quality in adults with multiple sclerosis

BackgroundThere is a fourfold higher prevalence of sleep problems in multiple sclerosis (MS) than the general population. ObjectiveThis study examined cross-sectional associations among device-measured sedentary and physical activity behavior with perceived sleep quality in adults with MS. MethodsAdults with MS (N = 290) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and wore an accelerometer for seven days providing a measure of time spent in sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using MS-specific cut-points. We conducted multiple linear regression analysis to identify the independent contributions of variables for explaining PSQI scores. ResultsThe overall model accounted for 2% of the variance in global PSQI scores, and MVPA was significantly and independently associated with global PSQI scores (β = ─0.123; p = 0.045; partial r = ─0.118) when accounting for average wear time, sedentary behavior, and time spent in LPA. There were no other significant associations with PSQI global score. ConclusionsOur results suggest that time spent in MVPA may be associated with better sleep quality in adults with MS, but adults with MS do not spend sufficient time in physical activity. Researchers should evaluate these relationships in longitudinal study designs and behavior change interventions, as physical activity may provide a unique opportunity to improve sleep quality outcomes.

Effect of a Multi-Layer, Extended-Release Methylphenidate Formulation (PRC-063) on Sleep in Adults with ADHD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Forced-Dose, Placebo-Controlled Trial Followed by a 6-month Open-Label Extension.

BackgroundThe effects of stimulant treatment on sleep in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are complex and varied, with some individuals experiencing worsening of sleep but others experiencing improvement.MethodsData from previously reported trials of the clinical efficacy and safety of the long-acting methylphenidate formulation PRC-063 (Adhansia XR® in the USA; Foquest® in Canada) in adults with ADHD were used to evaluate patient-reported sleep outcomes, as captured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and adverse events of insomnia. The trials comprised 4 weeks of randomized, forced-dose PRC-063 treatment at a dose of 0 (placebo), 25, 45, 70, or 100 mg/day followed by an optional 6 months of open-label PRC-063 treatment at an individually optimized dose of 25–100 mg/day.ResultsAt the end of double-blind treatment, PRC-063 (all doses combined; N = 297) showed no significant difference versus placebo (N = 78) in least squares mean change in global PSQI score from baseline (− 0.7 vs. − 1.3; P = 0.0972) or in scores for each of the seven subscales of the PSQI. For patients enrolled in the open-label extension (N = 184), mean ± standard deviation global PSQI score improved from 7.8 ± 3.55 at the end of double-blind treatment to 5.8 ± 3.11 at 1 month and 5.4 ± 3.21 at 6 months (P < 0.0001). A greater proportion of patients were good sleepers (global PSQI score ≤ 5) at the end of the open-label extension (57.3%) than at baseline (20.9%) or at the end of double-blind treatment (26.0%). In a logistic regression analysis, baseline global PSQI score (odds ratio 1.491; P < 0.0001), but not randomized study treatment (P = 0.1428), was a significant predictor of poor sleep (global PSQI score > 5) at the end of double-blind treatment. Adverse event rates for insomnia (15.8 vs. 3.8%) and initial insomnia (6.1 vs. 1.3%) during double-blind treatment were higher for PRC-063 (all doses combined) than for placebo. Two patients receiving PRC-063 in the double-blind study and one patient in the open-label study were withdrawn because of insomnia adverse events.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that, on average, PRC-063 had no significant impact on overall sleep quality in adults with ADHD. Although insomnia was observed as an adverse event, when sleep was measured over time as an outcome in its own right for patients receiving dose-optimized PRC-063 open-label, more patients showed improvement in sleep than deterioration.ClinicalTrials.gov IdentiferNCT02139124 and NCT02168127.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40263-021-00814-z.

Physical Activity as a Predictor of the Level of Stress and Quality of Sleep during COVID-19 Lockdown.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic and the government restrictions significantly disturbed the daily functioning of people, thereby influencing healthy behaviors, such as physical activity—the core indicator of well-being. This study evaluates the associations between physical activity (PA), the level of stress and quality of sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: An online survey was distributed during the governmental lockdown in April 2020 and included measures for assessing physical activity, stress and sleep. The surveyed participants included all adults aged 18 years and over. The final data were collected from the 1959 respondents using: International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Findings: Almost half of the respondents indicated a low level of PA, performing only 60 min of PA daily. Most of the participants reported a moderate or high level of stress (57% and 29%, respectively) and 64% of them reported poor quality of sleep. People with low levels of stress performed on average 85.1 min/day of walking (WPA), 40.9 min/day of moderate PA (MPA) or 52.6 min/day of vigorous PA (VPA). People with good quality of sleep performed 82.9 min/day of WPA, 43.6 min/day MPA and 40.5 min/day VPA. Interpretation: The results from the study indicate that the volume of daily PA may be a predictor of the level of stress and sleep quality in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. To retain a low level of stress and good quality of sleep, a lifestyle that allows to achieve a moderate level of physical activity should be maintained. The optimal daily dose of PA is at least 70 min per day, involving different intensities.

Physical activity across life stages and sleep quality in adulthood - an epidemiological study

ObjectiveTo analyze the association between the continuous physical activity (PA) at different life stages with sleep quality in adults. MethodsThis is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 843 adults (61.7% female) with a mean age of 56.6 (±18.3) years was randomly selected. The PA at different life stages was assessed retrospectively in childhood and adolescence, and the current PA was assessed by Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire. Variables of sex, age group, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and current physical activity were covariates. The association between continuous PA at different life stages with sleep quality was analyzed by binary logistic regression models. ResultsOverweight adults who practiced PA in adolescence were 46% less likely to have poor sleep quality when compared to those who did not practice physical activity in this life stage (Odds ratio = 0.54, p = 0.031). Adults who continued to practice PA at youth and adulthood were 49% less likely to have poor sleep quality when compared to those without continuous PA (Odds ratio = 0.51, p = 0.009). ConclusionsPoor sleep quality was negatively associated with continuous PA between youth and adulthood in overall sample and negatively associated with PA in adolescence among overweight adults.

Music-based Intervention for Improving Sleep Quality of Adults without Sleep Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Background Listening to music is often used as a self-help intervention to improve sleep quality, but its efficacy among individuals without sleep disorder remains unclear. Methods A search was performed on five databases to identify for studies that examined the use of music-based intervention to improve sleep quality among individuals without sleep disorder. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Results Twenty-two articles which recruited 1,514 participants were included for review. Meta-analysis of six studies including 424 participants did not find an improvement in sleep quality among recipients of music-based intervention compared to those with standard care (mean difference: −0.80; 95% CI: −2.15 to 0.54, low-quality evidence). Subgroup analysis showed a clear improvement in sleep quality when interventions were administered for at least 3 weeks (−2.09; −3.84 to −0.34, n = 3). No difference in terms of sleep onset latency (standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.32; 95% CI −0.88 to 0.25, n = 4, very-low quality evidence) and sleep efficiency (SMD: −0.59; 95% CI −3.15 to 1.97, n = 2, very-low quality evidence) were observed. The effect of music-based intervention on anxiety, depression and quality of life were mixed with suggestions of possible benefits. Conclusion Music-based intervention in addition to standard care appears to be a promising strategy to improve sleep quality when delivered for 3 week or longer. However, effects are inconsistent across studies and larger randomized controlled studies reporting long-term outcomes are needed before it can be recommended for routine use. PROSPERO registration CRD42018081193

Prenatal and postnatal exposure to Tangshan earthquake and CRHR1 gene polymorphism influence risk of sleep disturbance in adulthood.

To determine the effect of earthquake on sleep quality of adults who had experienced Tangshan Earthquake either as infants or fetuses and also investigate whether CRHR1 polymorphism influenced sleep quality in subjects exposed to seismic stress.Totally 556 subjects were enrolled in the current study and were divided into 3 groups, those who had experienced Tangshan Earthquake as infants (group I) or fetuses (group II), and those who had not experienced Tangshan Earthquake (group III). Sleep was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI). Three single nucleotide polymorphisms of the CRHR1 gene were analyzed.Fifty two (9.4%) subjects had sleep disturbance, including 17 (9.9%) subjects in group I, 24 (13.4%) subjects in group II, and 11 (5.3%) subjects in group III (χ2 = 7.373, P = .025). Moreover, subjects with CRHR1 genotype T/T had a significantly lower rate of sleep disturbance (7.8%) than subjects with genotype C/T and C/C (14.7%; χ2 = 4.845, P = .028). Furthermore, subjects with rs7209436 genotype C had an approximately 2-fold increase in the risk of sleep disturbance versus those who were not genotype C (OR = 1.978, 95% CI (1.045, 3.744).Prenatal and postnatal exposure to seismic stress significantly increases subsequent risk of sleep disturbance in adulthood.

Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Impact of Emotional but not Physical Childhood Abuse on Women\u2019s Sleep

A recent systematic review highlighted associations between childhood abuse and adult sleep quality, and the need for research focused specifically on women and the role of moderating variables. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the impact of frequent physical and emotional child abuse on adult sleep among women; and (2) to assess the role that childhood socioeconomic status (SES) could play in moderating these associations. In-person data were collected from women living in a mid-sized city in western Canada in 2019–2020 (N = 185; M age = 40 years). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Physical and emotional abuse experienced often or very often in childhood were assessed using single items (yes or no). Childhood SES was assessed by a single item and dichotomized at the sample median. Linear regression models examined associations between each form of abuse and continuous adult sleep quality score adjusted for covariates. Statistically significant interactions were stratified and examined by child SES group. Frequent physical and emotional childhood abuse were each associated with clinically and statistically significant increases in past-month sleep problem scores among women in adjusted models. This association was moderated by childhood SES for emotional child abuse, but not physical child abuse. Findings suggest that growing up in an upper-middle to upper SES household may buffer the adverse impact of frequent emotional child abuse on later adult sleep, but may not promote resilience in the context of frequent physical child abuse.

Severe effects of the COVID-19 confinement on young children's sleep: A longitudinal study identifying risk and protective factors.

The COVID‐19 confinement has dramatically altered daily routines, causing decreased sleep quality in adults. This necessitates careful observation, as sleep plays a crucial role in brain maturation and poor sleep increases the risk of psychopathology, particularly in the young population. Through an online survey with one baseline (April 2020) and two follow‐up assessments (May and June 2020), we examined the effect of confinement on sleep quality in 452 babies (0–35 months) and 412 preschool children (36–71 months) from several, mainly European, countries. An acute decrease in sleep quality was found in both groups of children. However, at follow‐up assessments, this effect rebounded to the level reported for the period before the confinement. Importantly, caregiver's stress level was identified as a substantial risk factor determining lower sleep quality in both groups of children across assessments. Protective factors conserving children's sleep quality included caregiver's engagement in mindfulness techniques or childcare, and the presence of siblings and pets. In the near future, we may repeatedly experience the circumstances of abruptly enforced confinement. Our findings reveal promising pathways of action to protect young children's sleep, with which to essentially mitigate the long‐term consequences of the pandemic on brain development and mental health.

Psychologic distress and sleep quality among adults in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic

ObjectiveThe sudden novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a negative effect on the mental health of the public. In this study, in relation to the pandemic, psychological distress, sleep quality and affecting factors in adults were examined. MethodsUsing the convenience sampling method, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and questionnaires to determine psychological distress levels and sociodemographic characteristics were distributed online to 405 participants. ResultsThe mean psychological distress score of the participants was 34.55 ± 8.07, while their mean sleep quality score was 6.39 ± 3.31. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55.1%. The psychological distress scores were higher among the men than the women, married participants than single ones, those with children than those without children and those who were employed than those who were not. The sleep quality of the single participants and the participants with low education levels was poorer. The sleep quality of those who left work in the pandemic period was poorer than those who were working from home/office and those who were already not employed before the pandemic. The sleep quality of those not working in the field of health was better than healthcare professionals and those not working at all. The scores for psychological distress were positively correlated with gender and negatively correlated with sleep quality levels. ConclusionOur findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect on the psychological distress and sleep quality of adults. It is recommended for healthcare professionals to take the necessary psychosocial precautions.

Yetişkin Nüfuslarda Gastroözofageal Reflü, Laringofaringeal Reflü ve Uyku Kalitesi

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the interrelationships of gastroesophageal reflux, laryngopharyngeal reflux and sleep quality in adults. Sleep quality in adults is important for health protection in terms of physiological and psychological and increasing performance. Recent studies have emphasized a strong association between sleep disorders and gastrointestinal disorders. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 400 individuals who are >18 years old who were registered family health centers from east, west, north, and south of Elazığ province between April and June 2018. A Personal Information Form, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, Reflux Symptom Index, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used as data collection tools. Results: The results of simple linear regression indicate that Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global score was associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, Reflux Symptom Index, age, gender, educational status, marital status, working status, monthly income perception, health perception and the person living together. By the multiple regression analysis, Reflux Symptom Index, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, the employment status and being widow are the most correlated variables on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global score and explained 27% of the total variance. Conclusion: In addition to being a significant relationship between reflux and sleep quality, it can be asserted that some sociodemographic variables besides reflux is the important parameters required while evaluating the sleep-related problems.

Non Pharmacological Management Strategies for Sleep Quality in Adults- A Narrative Review

Non Pharmacological Management Strategies for Sleep Quality in Adults- A Narrative Review

Cohort Profile: The Shanghai Sleep Birth Cohort Study.

Sleep disturbances in women occur frequently throughout pregnancy. Previous studies have demonstrated that the increasing incidence of physiological and psychological illness is concurrent with increasing sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality in adults and children. The Shanghai Sleep Birth Cohort Study (SSBCS) was established to examine the effect of sleep disturbances during the third trimester on emotional regulation of mothers; to assess the effect of maternal sleep during pregnancy on the growth and development of children; and to explore the influence of children's sleep characteristics on physical and social-emotional development. The study was conducted in the Renji Hospital in Pudong New District, Shanghai from May 2012 to July 2013. Women and their newborns who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in this study were recruited to the SSBCS. The follow-up visits for children were conducted at the age of 42days, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24months, and 3, 4, and 6years. Data on demographic factors, physical examination, sleep assessment, developmental and psychiatric assessment, diet records, and biological samples were collected throughout the study. A total of 277 pregnant women were recruited to the study; the response rate was 64.3%. 37.9% of the pregnant women had poor sleep quality and 12.0% suffered from depression. Infant sleep patterns changed during the first year of life, but most sleep characteristics showed little variation from 6 to 12months. The SSBCS is an on-going prospective cohort study with follow-up to 6years. The detailed data on demographic factors, sleep assessment, physical examinations, neurodevelopmental and psychiatric assessment, diet records, and biological samples make this research platform an important resource for examining the potential effects of sleep characteristics on both maternal and child health.