Components Of Sleep Quality Research Articles

Impact of Six Months of Three Different Modalities of Exercise on Stress in Post-Treatment Breast Cancer Survivors

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Extensive evidence suggests that exercise is physically and mentally beneficial for cancer survivors. This study reports on changes in self-reported stress, physiological biomarkers for stress (salivary cortisol), and HR-QOL constructs for fifty breast cancer survivors participating in one of three different exercise programs over 6 months. Methods: Fifty post-treatment breast cancer survivors were randomized to either therapeutic yoga-based exercise (YE), comprehensive exercise (CE) (aerobic, resistance, flexibility), or choosing (C) their own exercise activities. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Medical Outcomes Short-Form 36® (SF-36), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Five samples of salivary cortisol were collected on two consecutive days. The 10 samples were used to calculate the diurnal rhythm slope. Outcome measures were repeated after six months. Results: All groups improved in HR-QOL measures of PSS; PSQI sleep quality components of latency and daytime functioning; and five of the ten SF-36 scales (Mental Component Scale, Social Functioning subscale, Mental Health subscale, Physical Component Scale, Physical Functioning subscale). Although the CE group observed the most favorable change in cortisol (−0.183), where cortisol slope changes approached significance (p = 0.057), but no significant decrease in cortisol between groups were noted. Conclusion: Our results suggest that it is the engagement of, rather than the specific type of exercise, which is associated with improved HR-QOL. However, longer-term studies with better adherence monitoring and larger sample sizes are needed to better determine clinical impact.

Older adults exercising ON TIME: protocol for a randomized controlled cross-over study to assess the effect of physical activity timing on insomnia severity

BackgroundThere are increased indications that physical activity timing, irrespective of intensity, impacts insomnia and circadian clock function. Here, we describe the rationale and design of a randomized cross-over study, called ON TIME, to examine the effects of (changing) physical activity timing on insomnia severity and on multiple exploratory outcomes that are linked to circadian clock function.MethodsWe will conduct a randomized cross-over trial in 40 healthy older adults (aged 65 to 75 years) with subclinical or clinical insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores of ≥ 10) from the Dutch municipality of Leiden and surroundings. Participants will undergo 3 intervention periods (14 days each) consecutively: one sedentary period and two periods of increased physical activity (one period with morning activity and one period with evening activity). The intervention periods are separated by a wash-out period of 1 week. In both active intervention arms, participants will follow coached or uncoached outdoor physical exercise sessions comprising endurance, strength, and flexibility exercises for 14 days. The primary outcome is change in insomnia severity as measured by the ISI. Additional exploratory outcomes include multiple components of objective sleep quality measured with tri-axial accelerometry and subjective sleep quality assessed by questionnaires as well as dim light melatonin onset and 24-h rhythms in heart rate, heart rate variability, breathing rate, oxygen saturation, mood, and objective emotional arousal and stress. Additionally, we will collect diary data on eating patterns (timing and composition). Finally, fasting blood samples will be collected at baseline and after each intervention period for measurements of biomarkers of metabolic and physiological functioning and expression of genes involved in regulation of the biological clock.DiscussionWe anticipate that this study will make a significant contribution to the limited knowledge on the effect of physical activity timing. Optimizing physical activity timing has the potential to augment the health benefits of increased physical exercise in the aging population.Trial registrationTrial was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee Leiden, The Hague, Delft, The Netherlands (June, 2023). The trial was registered in the CCMO-register https://www.toetsingonline.nl/to/ccmo_search.nsf/Searchform?OpenForm under study ID NL82335.058.22 and named (“Ouderen op tijd in beweging” or in English “Older adults exercising on time”). At time of manuscript submission, the trial was additionally registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under study ID: NL82335.058.22 and is awaiting approval.

Stress and sleep quality in palliative care

ObjectivesPalliative care patients experience problems in sleep quality due to stress, chronic diseases, and physical and psychosocial problems. Our aim is to determine the perceived stress and sleep quality levels...

Effects of 12 weeks of functional and resistance training on stress perception and sleep quality in Bra-zilian older people

The study investigated the effects of a 12-week functional and resistance training program on the perception of stress and sleep quality in Brazilian older people, involving 49 participants. The Perceived Stress in older adults and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used. The training protocol included a general warm-up, resistance and functional training sessions, followed by a cool-down phase, held twice a week, lasting an average of 60 minutes over the 12 weeks. Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, bootstrapping, t-tests and Pearson correlation, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a significant reduction in sleep disturbance and total sleep quality score after the intervention. Men initially had lower stress and better sleep quality in some aspects compared to women, while older people between 60 and 69 years old had improvements in sleep quality in certain aspects before and after the intervention, compared to older people aged 70 and over. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the perception of stress and several components of sleep quality, such as subjective quality, duration and total score. In short, the study demonstrated that the exercise program had varying impacts on sleep quality, but not on the perception of stress among the older people, highlighting a significant improvement in sleep quality after the intervention. Keywords: Aging. Exercise Therapy. Sleep Quality. Psychological stress. Physical education.

Gender-specific link between sleep quality and body composition components: a cross-sectional study on the elderly

Sleep duration has been associated with overweight/obesity. Since sleep quality and body composition alter during aging, we conducted this study to determine if sleep quality is linked to body composition components in elderly people. This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 305 Iranian community-dwelling elderly aged ≥ 65 years. Sleep quality and body composition components were evaluated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index and bioelectric impedance analysis, respectively. The association of sleep quality and body composition components was examined using linear regression analysis. The prevalence of poor sleep quality and overweight/obesity was 48.9% and 54.4% in men and 77.0% and 79.3% in women, respectively. Women had significantly higher scores in most PSQI items than men, indicating their worse sleep quality compared to men. Women also had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue and lower skeletal muscle and fat-free mass percentages than men. In the adjusted regression model, men showed positive associations between the third tertile of poor sleep quality and BMI (B = 1.35; 95% CI 0.08–2.61) and waist circumference (B = 4.14; 95% CI 0.39–7.89), but they did not demonstrate an association between sleep quality and body composition components. In the adjusted regression model for women, there were positive associations for BMI (B = 1.21; 95% CI 0.34–2.07), waist circumference (B = 2.95; 95% CI 0.99–4.91), body fat percentage (B = 2.75; 95% CI 1.06–4.45), and visceral adipose tissue (B = 7.80; 95% CI 1.73–13.87); also there were negative associations for skeletal muscle (B = − 1.40; 95% CI − 2.39 – – 0.41) and fat-free mass (B = − 2.76; 95% CI − 4.46 – –1.07) percentages. Except for waist circumference, other variables differed between men and women (P < 0.001). Weight management, prevention of muscle wasting, and improvement of sleep quality should be considered in a consortium when designing healthcare strategies for the elderly.

The impact of foot reflexology on fatigue and sleep quality in school-aged children undergoing hemodialysis

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on fatigue and sleep quality in school-aged children receiving hemodialysis. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was utilized. Thirty children of ages 6–12 undergoing in-center hemodialysis were recruited. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Inventory of Fatigue Symptom (IFS) scales were administered at baseline. Participants then received 30 min of foot reflexology massage before hemodialysis sessions 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Posttest administration of the sleep and fatigue scales occurred after the intervention period. Results: Reflexology massage led to significant improvements in sleep quality components, including duration (0%–30% normal sleepers), efficiency (0%–50% &gt;85%), latency (50%–0% &gt;60 min), disturbances, and daytime dysfunction. The mean PSQI score decreased from 18.2 to 9.7 (P &lt; 0.05). Fatigue severity substantially decreased, with the mean IFS score improving from 105.7 to 64.1 (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Foot reflexology is an effective nursing intervention for reducing fatigue and improving sleep quality in children on hemodialysis, warranting integration into routine care.

Association of sleep timings, duration, consistency, and chronotype with premyopia and myopia among Indian children.

To explore the association of sleep timings, duration, consistency, and chronotype with premyopia and myopia among Indian children. This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 453 children, aged 6-12 years. Two myopia participants were selected for each individual with the corresponding premyopia or emmetropia. All children underwent cycloplegic autorefraction and ocular biometric tests. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and parental information on behavioral habits were used to assess the association of sleep parameters with myopia and premyopia using logistic regression models. Both myopia and premyopia exhibited significant late bedtime, short sleep duration, early wakeup time on only weekdays, and longer weekend catch-up sleep than emmetropia children (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, late bedtime (more than 24:00 a.m.) on weekdays (Odds ratio, OR = 3.63, 95% CI [0.74, 8.68]) as well as on free days (OR = 1.04, 95% CI [0.02, 8.08]); and early wake-up time only on weekdays (5:00-6:00 a.m., OR = 2.16, 95% CI [0.24, 6.76] and 06:00-07:00 a.m., OR = 2.42, 95% CI [0.51, 8.44]) were associated with increased risk of myopia (all p < 0.05) but not premyopia. After adjusting the confounding factors, when each of the eight CSHQ subscale components was analyzed, only bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness scores were significantly associated with a higher risk for premyopia and myopia (p < 0.05). The sleep quality components, including bedtime resistance, night waking, and daytime sleepiness, equally involve a higher risk for myopia as well as premyopia.

Predictors of sleep quality components in patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation: a cross-sectional study.

Patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation experience postembolisation symptoms and interferences affecting sleep quality, which require intervention. The study aimed to identify the predictors of sleep quality components in patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation. This study included two groups of participants: 50 patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation and 45 nurses caring for them. Data were collected from September to November 2022 using a structured questionnaire, and analysed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Spearman's rank correlation, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 27.0 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The mean sleep quality score was 40.28±14.10. Heat sensation (t=-2.08, p=.043) and fatigue (t=-4.47, p<.001) predicted sleep fragmentation in 38.6% of the patients. Abdominal pain (t=-2.54, p=.014), vomiting (t=-2.21, p=.032), and the expected fatigue by the nurses (t=2.68, p=.014) predicted sleep length in 41.7% of patients. Abdominal pain (t=-2.05, p=.046) explained 42.9% of sleep depth. Based on the predictors of sleep quality components obtained in this study, strategies to improve sleep quality tailored to patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation should be developed. This study highlighted the need to bridge the gap between patients' and nurses' expected fatigue and its contribution to sleep fragmentation and sleep length. It also highlighted the importance of noncontact temperature measurement, controlling vomiting, and pain relief for improving sleep length in patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolisation.

Influence of Sleep Quality Components on Academic Performance of Nursing Students

Influence of Sleep Quality Components on Academic Performance of Nursing Students

Fatigue and sleep quality in Chinese adults with connective tissue disease: A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to evaluate fatigue and sleep quality among adults with connective tissue disease (CTD), and the interrelationship. From April 2020 to February 2021, adult CTD patients hospitalized were invited to complete sociodemographic and disease-related data, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), as well as laboratorydetection through computer query. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. A total of 363 patients with CTD were included in the study. Of which, 313 patients were accompaniedby single CTD (systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) = 109, Sjogren's syndrome (SS) = 51, rheumatoidarthritis (RA) = 44, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) = 36, Vasculitis = 17, systemic sclerosis (SSc) = 14, other = 42, respectively), and 50 patients had CTD ≥ 2. Compared with CTD = 1, patients with CTD ≥ 2 had longer disease duration, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and higher IgG level (all P < 0.05). The prevalence of poor sleep quality in 363 CTD patients was 61.2%, among which, 59.1% for CTD = 1 and 74.0% for CTD ≥ 2, with significant difference (P = 0.045). Additionally, 75.5% experienced fatigue, and 75.4% for CTD = 1, 76.0% for CTD ≥ 2 (P = 0.927). Fatigue and sleep quality interacted in CTD patients (r = 0.236, P < 0.01; χ2 = 11.302, P = 0.001). Interestingly, no significant differences were found in the prevalence of fatigue and poor sleep quality among CTD subgroups, as well as the FSS score, the seven components of sleep quality and total PSQI score (P > 0.05). More than 3/5 CTD patients experience fatigue and poor sleep quality, and not different among CTD subgroups. Targeted interventions are needed to reduce fatigue, improve sleep quality, and ultimately improve the prognosis of patients with CTD.

The impact of 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation on sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Background and AimsSleep quality is a pivotal part of health and there is growing evidence on the association between gut microbiota composition and sleep quality. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is known as a precursor of the sleep regulating neurotransmitter and hormone however, efficacy of 5-HTP supplementation for improving sleep quality in older adults is unclear. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the impact of 5-HTP supplementation on sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in older adults. MethodsThis is a single-blinded, 12-week parallel randomized controlled. Thirty older adults (66 ± 3 years) in Singapore were randomly assigned to either consume or not consume 100 mg 5-HTP daily. Every 4 weeks, sleep quality was assessed via both subjective (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index) and objective (actigraphy watch) measures. A global sleep score (GSS) was obtained from the PSQI, where a GSS>5 defines as poor sleeper while a GSS≤5 defines as good sleeper. Blood serotonin level, urine melatonin concentration, gut microbiota composition and stool short chain fatty acids (SCFA) content was assessed at week 0 and 12. This study was registered in clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04078724 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04078724) Results5-HTP supplementation showed an overall favorable effect on certain sleep quality components and an increase in serum serotonin concentration. In particular, at week 12, not good sleepers but poor sleepers with 5-HTP supplementation were able to significantly improve subjective GSS (ΔSL5-HTP: -2.80 ± 1.10 mins, p-value=0.005). In addition, they showed an increase in microbiota diversity (Simpson5-HTP vs. SimpsonControl: 0.037 ± 0.032 a.u. vs. -0.007 ± 0.022 a.u.; pinteraction: 0.013) and relative abundance of SCFA producing bacteria in the gut. Conclusions5-HTP supplementation can improve certain sleep quality components in older adults and this benefit was more prominently observed in poor sleepers. 5-HTP was also able to improve the gut microbiota composition in poor sleepers.

Sleep quality among family medicine physicians before and during COVID-19 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background: This study aimed to assess the sleep quality of family medicine physicians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the associations between sleep quality and various demographic and health-related factors. Methods: A total of 109 family medicine physicians participated in this cross-sectional study. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was utilized to evaluate sleep quality, encompassing seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. Data were collected asking questions regarding both before and during the pandemic period. Descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-tests, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: The study revealed significant changes in sleep quality components before and during the pandemic. While sleep latency and sleep duration improved, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction worsened during the pandemic. The overall global PSQI score indicated a decline in sleep quality during the pandemic. Females reported poorer sleep quality than males. Participants with general anxiety disorder, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension experienced worse sleep quality. Other demographic and health-related factors exhibited mixed associations with sleep quality. Conclusions: The study highlights the nuanced impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of family medicine physicians. The observed changes in sleep quality components and their associations with various factors underscore the need for tailored interventions to address sleep disturbances among healthcare professionals. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of sleep quality dynamics in the context of a global crisis and emphasize the significance of promoting well-being among healthcare providers for enhanced patient care.

Evaluation of racial and ethnic heterogeneity in the associations of sleep quality and sleep apnea risk with cognitive function and cognitive decline.

The prevalence of poor sleep quality and sleep apnea differs by race and ethnicity and may contribute to racial disparities in cognitive aging. We investigated whether sleep quality and sleep apnea risk were associated with cognitive function and decline and whether the associations differed by race/ethnicity. Participants from the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE; N = 1690; mean age: 75.7 years) study, a cohort of Asian, Black, Latino, and White participants, completed a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index assessing subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, disturbances, sleep medication use, and daytime dysfunction. Sleep apnea risk was measured by questions about snoring, tiredness, and whether apnea was observed. Executive function and verbal episodic memory were assessed at three time points over an average of 2.7 years with the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scale. We fit linear mixed-effect models and stratified analyses by race/ethnicity. Higher sleep apnea risk was associated with faster declines in verbal episodic memory ( sleep apnea = -0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.04, -0.001) but not in executive function. Poorer sleep quality was associated with lower levels of and faster decline in executive function but not in verbal episodic memory. Race/ethnicity modified these associations: compared to estimated effects among White participants, poorer global sleep quality ( sleep*time = -0.02, 95% CI, -0.02, -0.01) was associated with larger effects on decline in executive function among Black participants. Estimated effects of some individual sleep quality components were also modified by race/ethnicity; for example, sleep medication use was associated with faster declines in executive function ( sleep*time = -0.05, 95% CI, -0.07, -0.03) and verbal episodic memory sleep*time = -0.04, 95% CI, -0.07, -0.02) among Black participants compared to White participants. Observational evidence indicates sleep quality is a promising target for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in cognitive aging, especially among Black older adults. Sleep apnea risk was associated with faster declines in verbal episodic memory but not executive function among all participants.Global sleep quality was associated with lower levels of and faster decline in executive function but not verbal episodic memory among all participants.Black older adults were particularly susceptible to the estimated adverse cognitive impacts of global sleep quality, particularly the use of sleep medication.

Telehealth versus face-to-face delivery of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the effectiveness of the delivery of care to patients with insomnia via telehealth to its delivery face-to-face. We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to 11 January 2023, and conducted a citation analysis on 13 June 2023. No language restrictions were imposed. We included randomised controlled trials. Where feasible, mean differences were calculated; we used a random effects model. Four trials (239 patients) were included. There were no significant differences between telehealth and face-to-face for insomnia severity scores shortly post-intervention (MD 1.13, 95% CI -0.29-2.55) or at 3 months (mean difference (MD) 1.79, 95% CI -0.01-3.59). There were no differences in Short Form-36 physical and mental scores, Work and Social Adjustment scores, and sleep quality components. Depression scores did not differ post-intervention or at 3 months (MD 0.42, 95% CI -2.42-3.26). Functioning likewise did not differ post-intervention or at 3 months (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.15, 95% CI -0.37-0.67, P = 0.58). Treatment satisfaction did not differ (one trial) or favoured the face-to-face group (one trial). Telehealth may be a viable alternative to the face-to-face provision of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia to patients with insomnia. However, the volume of the existing evidence is limited, therefore additional trials are needed, evaluating cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and other therapies for individuals for whom cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia is not effective, and conducted with a wider range of populations, providers and settings.

Effects of sleep pattern, duration, and quality on premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in korean high school girls

BackgroundSleep deprivation is known to be a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in adults. However, it has rarely been investigated in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sleep pattern, duration, and quality independently affect premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. An additional purpose was to investigate the sleep status in Korean adolescent girls during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was conducted in 519 high school girls aged 15 to 18 years in Gyeonggido, South Korea, in 2021 during the COVID-19 lockdown. Menstrual pain intensity and menstrual symptoms were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS), respectively. Premenstrual syndrome was assessed by the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST). Sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The known risk factors of dysmenorrhea, including menstrual and lifestyle characteristics and stress, were assessed as covariates.ResultsDuring the pandemic, approximately 68% of girls slept 7 h or less, while about 60% reported poor sleep quality. Additionally, 64% of participants had a bedtime later after 1AM, and 34% woke up later after 8AM. Late bedtime significantly affected VAS (P = 0.05), CMSS severity and frequency (both P < 0.01), and PSST symptom (P < 0.01). Waking up late affected CMSS severity (P < 0.05), PSST symptom (P = 0.05), and PSST function (P < 0.05). However, the significance of these effects disappeared after controlling for covariates. Sleeping less than 5 h affected CMSS frequency (P < 0.05) and PSST symptoms (P < 0.001). After controlling for covariates, the significance of the effect on PSST symptom remained (P < 0.05). General sleep quality and PSQI components, including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction, significantly affected CMSS frequency and severity and PSST symptom after controlling for covariates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, or P < 0.001). The multiple regression analysis revealed that among sleep characteristics, sleep quality was the most important risk factor of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.ConclusionOur study result heightens the importance of healthy sleep hygiene, especially sleep quality in the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls.

Assessment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms and Sleep Quality Among Women in the Nurses’ Health Study II

Limited data exist on the association of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms with sleep quality. To prospectively investigate the association between GER symptoms and sleep quality. This prospective cohort study included data from the Nurses' Health Study II of female nurses in the US. Participants self-reported the frequency and duration of GER symptoms beginning June 2005, with updates every 4 years through June 2015. Follow-up was completed June 2019, and data were analyzed from November 15, 2022, to June 4, 2023. Frequency and duration of GER symptoms. Poor sleep quality was assessed in 2017 through a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which included difficulty in falling asleep, restlessness of sleep, daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration. Relative risk (RR) for poor sleep quality and individual components of poor sleep quality was estimated according to the frequency and duration of GER symptoms. Among 48 536 women (median age, 59 years [range, 48-69 years]), 7929 (16.3%) developed poor sleep quality during 4 years of follow-up. Compared with those with GER symptoms less than once a month, the multivariable RR for poor sleep quality among women with GER symptoms more than once a week was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.45-1.62). Women who had GER symptoms once or more a week for more than 7 years had an RR of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.30-1.43) compared with women who had not had GER symptoms once or more a week. The frequency and duration of GER symptoms were significantly associated with each individual component of poor sleep quality; for example, the multivariable RRs for GER symptoms 2 or more times per week compared with no GER symptoms were 1.49 (95% CI, 1.39-1.58) for difficulty in falling asleep, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.39-1.56) for excessive daytime sleepiness, and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.53) for restlessness of sleep. In this prospective cohort study of female nurses in the Nurses' Health Study II, the frequency and duration of GER symptoms were associated with subsequent risk of poor sleep quality. The findings suggest that effective treatment of GER disease may be important not only for improvement of symptoms but also for the reduction of comorbidities associated with poor sleep quality.

The Impact of Sleep Quality on Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Introduction: Given the high prevalence of poor sleep quality in late adulthood, older adults might be involved with different physical, mental and social consequences of this disorder. Current research was conducted to examine the association between sleep quality and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 800 community-dwelling people aged ≥ 60 years living in Amirkola, North of Iran. The participants were selected by simple random sampling method. Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used for data collection. Seven components of the sleep quality were categorized into the four groups (very good, relatively good, relatively poor, and very poor condition). The participants were divided into the two groups based on their cognitive function, and sleep quality was compared between these two groups. Mann-Whitney, Spearman's correlation analysis, Chi-square, Pearson's correlation test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: Mean PSQI score among the older adults with normal and abnormal cognitive function was 5.5 ± 3.2 and 5.8 ± 3.3, respectively (p = 0.508). Poor sleep quality was slightly more prevalent in the elderly with cognitive dysfunction (p = 0.775). Logistic regression analysis revealed age (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08; p &lt; 0.001) and level of education (adjusted OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.09-0.20; p &lt; 0.001) had a significant impact on cognitive function; PSQI score (p = 0.254), gender (p = 0.661), and administration of sleeping drugs showed no significant effect (p = 0.081).&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: Among different components of sleep quality, a significant positive association was observed between the frequency of sleep disturbances with cognitive function in older adults; furthermore, older age and lower level of education showed a significant negative effect on cognitive function.

SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE SLEEP QUALITY FOR POSTPARTUM MOTHERS

Background: Sleep quality disorders are a problem that postpartum mothers often experience. The postpartum is the period after giving birth or commonly called the puerperium, which is the period after giving birth that is needed to restore the uterine organs. Post-partum mothers experience sleep quality disorders both due to new roles and changes during the postpartum period. Sleep quality that is not treated properly can bring changes that can affect physical and psychological problems. Thus, it needs to interfere with the sleep quality of post-partum mothers. Objectives: This study aimed to prove that the Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) was also beneficial in improving sleep quality in postpartum mothers. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design with a control group. The research subjects were 56 postpartum mothers treated at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang in June and September 2021, divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention was carried out twice a week for four weeks, with a SEFT duration of 20 minutes. The control group received standard therapy in the form of dhikr therapy. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PQSI) questionnaire used seven assessment components to measure research outcomes. The univariate analysis used central tendency in the form of the mean, median, and standard deviation. The different test of sleep quality before and after the intervention in the intervention group was carried out by the Wilcoxon match pair test (abnormal distribution), while the control group used paired t-test (normal distribution). For the mean difference test between groups, it used Mann Whitney test. Results: The mean score of sleep quality in the intervention group before treatment was 10,86 + 1,79 (poor sleep quality) and after treatment decreased significantly (p=0,00) to 5,25 + 1,46 (still in poor sleep quality). The quality of sleep in the control group before treatment was 10,89 + 1,89 and after the intervention was 10,71 + 2,35 with p=0,47. The components of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep disturbance in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the control group. Conclusion: The SEFT intervention can significantly improve sleep quality in postpartum mothers, but it is still in the poor category. Besides, the sleep quality score can be considerably improved, especially in four of the seven components.

The Impact of Kiwifruit Consumption on the Sleep and Recovery of Elite Athletes.

Poor sleep and resultant under-recovery can negatively impact training adaptations, increase the risk of injury and reduce subsequent performance. Due to the 'food first' approach adopted by many athletes, there is scope for investigation of 'functional food' based interventions (i.e., kiwifruit contains melatonin which plays a role in circadian rhythm regulation) designed to promote athlete recovery and/or enhance sleep quality and quantity. Following the baseline assessment (Week 1) all subjects began the intervention (Weeks 2-5). During the 4-week intervention, participants were asked to consume 2 medium-sized green kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa) an hour before bed. Participants completed a questionnaire battery at baseline and post-intervention, and a daily sleep dairy for the duration of the study. The results demonstrated a positive impact of kiwifruit consumption on key aspects of sleep and recovery in elite athletes. From baseline to post-intervention, there were clinically significant improvements in sleep quality (i.e., improved PSQI global scores and sleep quality component scores) and improvements in recovery stress balance (reduced general stress and sports stress scales). Moreover, the intervention improved sleep as evidenced by significant increases in total sleep time and sleep efficiency % and significant reductions in number of awakenings and wake after sleep onset. The findings broadly suggested that kiwifruit does impact positively on sleep and recovery in elite athletes.

The effect of Pilates exercises on sleep quality and fatigue among female students dormitory residents

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the effect of Pilates exercises on sleep and fatigue among female college students residing in the dormitory.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study, two parallel groups was performed on 80 single female college students (40 per group), between 18 to 26 years old who lived in the two dormitories. One dormitory was considered as the intervention group and another as the control group. The Pilates group received three one-hour Pilates exercise sessions per week for eight weeks and the control group maintained their routine activities. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) were used respectively to assess sleep quality and fatigue levels, at three time points: baseline, end of week four, and eight follow-ups. Fisher’s exact, Chi-square, independent sample t-test and repeated measurements were used.ResultsOverall, 66 participants completed the study (32 and 35 participants in the Pilates and control groups, respectively). After four and eight weeks of intervention, the overall mean score of sleep quality improved significantly (p < 0.001). At week four of the intervention, the Pilates group had a significantly lower mean score for subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction than the control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.002, respectively), although sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency improved after eight weeks of intervention (p < 0.04 and p < 0.034, respectively). Additionally, the overall mean score of fatigue and its dimensions in weeks four and eight of the intervention in the Pilates group were significantly lower compared to the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionAfter eight weeks of Pilates exercises implementation, most components of sleep quality significantly improved; however, the effect of Pilates exercises on fatigue was evident from week four onward.Trial registration This trial was registered on 2/6/2015 in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the IRCT ID: IRCT201412282324N15. URL of registry: https://www.irct.ir/trial/1970.