Sleep Health Research Articles

Nutraceutical composition (yeast β-glucan, prebiotics, minerals, and silymarin) predicts improvement of sleep quality and metabolic parameters: A randomized pilot study

Background & AimsThe search for integrative and natural therapies that favor homeostasis to boost sleep and diet quality took place for young adult populations as a non-pharmacological strategy for long-term good quality of life. Thus, the present pilot study aims to investigate the effects of 90-day consumption of a nutraceutical composition on the neuro-immune-endocrine axis, providing better sleep quality and health improvement. MethodsFor this, from March 2021 to June 2021, twenty-two Brazilian young adult volunteers (women and men) with BMI between 18.5 to 34.9 kg/m2 were divided into three distinct supplementation groups: NSupple; NSupple plus_S, and NSupple plus. Briefly, the supplement compositions included yeast β-glucan, prebiotics, and minerals in different concentrations associated or not with the herbal medicine silymarin.Neither nutritional nor physical activity interventions were performed during this pilot study period. The anthropometrics measures, questionnaires answer data, and harvest blood for metabolic, inflammatory, and hormonal tests were collected at baseline time (day zero-T0) and day 90 (T90) post-supplementation. ResultsOur results highlight that the supplementation reduced body mass index (BMI), Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference, AST/ALT ratio, alkaline phosphatase, and HbA1c. Post-supplementation the IL-6 and IL-10 levels and the sleep, humor, and quality of life scores were suggested to improve. Sleep quality improvement seems to predict the reduction of adiposity-related body measures. ConclusionIn sum, the nutraceutical supplementation might be related to anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine parameters after 90 days reflecting on perception of humor, sleep, and life quality enhancement. However, it is important to recognize the limitation of the data presented considering that this was a pilot study. Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04810572 registered on 20th February 2021.

Sleep Capital: Linking Brain Health to Wellbeing and Economic Productivity Across the Lifespan

Introduction and frameworkSleep capital contributes to individual and societal wellbeing, productivity, and economic outcomes and involves a novel aspect of brain capital. It encompasses the quality and quantity of sleep as integral components that influence cognitive abilities, mental and brain health, and physical health, affecting workplace productivity, learning, decision-making, and overall economic performance. Here, we bring a framework to understand the complex relationship between sleep quality, health, wellbeing, and economic productivity. Then we outline the multilevel impact of sleep on cognitive abilities, mental/brain health, and economic indicators, providing evidence for the substantial returns on investment in sleep health initiatives. Moreover, sleep capital is a key factor when considering brain health across the lifespan, especially for the aging population. DiscussionWe propose specific elements and main variables to develop specific indexes of sleep capital to address its impacts on health, wellbeing and productivity. ConclusionFinally, we suggest policy recommendations, workplace interventions, and individual strategies to promote sleep health and brain capital. Investing in sleep capital is essential for fostering a healthier, happier, fairer and more productive society.

Life’s Essential 8 is inversely associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) is a score that includes modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Four health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure and sleep health) and four health factors (non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure and body mass index) are included. These modifiable risk factors promote inflammation, and inflammation is one of the biological mechanisms of cardiovascular disease development. Thus, we examined the relationship between cardiovascular health measured by LE8 and low-grade inflammation measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the cross-sectional population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). The study consisted of 28,010 participants between 50 and 64 years (51.5% women, mean age 57.5 years). All individual LE8 components were assigned a score between 0 (unhealthy) and 100 (healthy) points, and a global score was calculated. The association between LE8 scores and high-risk hs-CRP (defined as > 3.0 mg/L) was analyzed using adjusted logistic regression with spline analyses. There was a strong, dose response and inverse association between LE8 scores and levels of hs-CRP. Thus, those with a low LE8 score (= 50.0 points) had 5.8 higher (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.2–6.4) odds ratio (OR) of having high hs-CRP as compared to those with a high LE8 score (= 80.0 points). In conclusion, our findings show strong inverse associations between LE8 scores and levels of hs-CRP.

Prevalence of Poor Quality of Sleep among the Elderly Population: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background: The spike in cases of sleep-related issues and its ill effects among the geriatric population has been highly noted these days. The drop in sleep quality has been seen to be associated with various day-to-day factors. The study has been conducted to mark the quality of sleep and the factors associated with it in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the elderly population. A face-to-face interview of 89 individuals over 60 years of age was conducted. The study tool for assessment of the quality of sleep was Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chi-square test was done to find out the association between various factors and quality of sleep. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 58.43%. About 35.95% of the population had bad subjective sleep quality, 12.36% population had sleep latency of 31–60 min, while 22.47% population had sleep duration of <5 h. Eight percent of the population reported the use of sleep medication, and 23.6% of population reported sleep disturbance of more than thrice a week. Thirty-five (67.3%) females reported poor quality of sleep which was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of poor sleep quality was found to be high among the elderly population. Educating the population about sleep health and methods to combat the situation by health-care workers can result in significant improvement of the conditions.

Exploring the Link between Sleep Disorders and Ocular Health: A Comprehensive Clinical Study

ABSTRACT Background: Sleep disorders and ocular conditions are prevalent health concerns with significant impact on the quality of life. However, the relationship between them remains underexplored. Additionally, therapeutic interventions targeting both sleep and eye health are explored. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted involving 500 participants aged between 30 and 65 years, recruited from an outpatient clinic specializing in sleep disorders and ophthalmology. Participants underwent comprehensive assessments including polysomnography for sleep disorders diagnosis and ophthalmic examinations for ocular condition evaluation. Sleep quality was assessed using standardized questionnaires, while ocular health was evaluated through clinical examination, including measurements of intraocular pressure, tear film break-up time, and retinal imaging. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square tests and logistic regression models to determine associations between sleep disorders and ocular conditions, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Among the participants, 35% were diagnosed with sleep apnea, 25% with insomnia, 20% with dry eye syndrome, 15% with glaucoma, and 10% with diabetic retinopathy. Significant associations were found between sleep disorders and ocular conditions. Participants with sleep apnea were more likely to have dry eye syndrome (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8–3.4, P < 0.001) and glaucoma (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.3–2.5, P = 0.002). Similarly, insomnia was associated with dry eye syndrome (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.5–3.1, P < 0.001) and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.3, P = 0.012). Conclusion: This study highlights the significant association between sleep disorders and ocular conditions, suggesting a potential bidirectional relationship.

The Two Fundamental Shapes of Sleep Heart Rate Dynamics and Their Connection to Mental Health in College Students

Introduction: Wearable devices are rapidly improving our ability to observe health-related processes for extended durations in an unintrusive manner. In this study, we use wearable devices to understand how the shape of the heart rate curve during sleep relates to mental health. Methods: As part of the Lived Experiences Measured Using Rings Study (LEMURS), we collected heart rate measurements using the Oura ring (Gen3) for over 25,000 sleep periods and self-reported mental health indicators from roughly 600 first-year university students in the USA during the fall semester of 2022. Using clustering techniques, we find that the sleeping heart rate curves can be broadly separated into two categories that are mainly differentiated by how far along the sleep period the lowest heart rate is reached. Results: Sleep periods characterized by reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep are also associated with shorter deep and REM sleep and longer light sleep, but not a difference in total sleep duration. Aggregating sleep periods at the individual level, we find that consistently reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep is a significant predictor of (1) self-reported impairment due to anxiety or depression, (2) a prior mental health diagnosis, and (3) firsthand experience in traumatic events. This association is more pronounced among females. Conclusion: Our results show that the shape of the sleeping heart rate curve, which is only weakly correlated with descriptive statistics such as the average or the minimum heart rate, is a viable but mostly overlooked metric that can help quantify the relationship between sleep and mental health.

Improving adjustment to daylight saving time transitions with light

Daylight saving time (DST) is currently utilized in many countries with the rationale that it enhances the alignment between daylight hours and activity peaks in the population. The act of transitioning into and out of DST introduces disruptions to the circadian rhythm, thereby impacting sleep and overall health. Despite the substantial number of individuals affected, the consequences of this circadian disruption have often been overlooked. Here, we employ a mathematical model of the human circadian pacemaker to elucidate how the biological clock interacts with daytime and evening exposures to both natural and electrical light. This interaction plays a crucial role in determining the adaptation to the 1 hour time zone shift imposed by the transition to or from DST. In global discussions about DST, there is a prevailing assumption that individuals easily adjust to DST transitions despite a few studies indicating that the human circadian system requires several days to fully adjust to a DST transition. Our study highlights that evening light exposure changes can be the main driving force for re-entrainment, with chronobiological models predicting that people with longer intrinsic period (i.e. later chronotype) entrain more slowly to transitions to or from DST as compared to people with a shorter intrinsic period (earlier chronotype). Moreover, the model forecasts large inter-individual differences in the adaptation speed, in particular during the spring transition. The predictions derived from our model offer circadian biology-based recommendations for light exposure strategies that facilitate a more rapid adaptation to DST-related transitions or travel across a single time zone. As such, our study contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on DST and its implications for human circadian rhythms.

Homes Heat Health protocol: an observational cohort study measuring the effect of summer temperatures on sleep quality

IntroductionQuality sleep is essential to our health and well-being. Summertime temperatures in the bedrooms of homes in temperate climates are increasing, especially in city apartments. There is very little empirical...

A Path to Better Sleep and Circadian Health: Optimizing and Personalizing Indoor Lighting

Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in the regulation of sleep, metabolism, and cognitive function. However, they are highly sensitive to disturbances caused by irregular indoor lighting, especially exposure to blue light at night. This review explored the impact of indoor lighting on circadian and sleep health by analyzing trends in light exposure, socioeconomic disparities, and the prioritization of economic efficiency over health in modern lighting design. Significant variations in individual circadian rhythms present a challenge in creating standardized lighting environments. To address this issue, a review suggested the development of personalized lighting systems that use advanced sensors to monitor and respond to the circadian phase of each individual. By dynamically adjusting light intensity, wavelength, and timing, these systems can better align with personal biological clocks, promote optimal sleep and overall health, and advance the concept of truly human-centric lighting environments.

Uyku Sağlığı ile Yaşam Tarzı Arasındaki İlişkinin PCA, Naive Bayes ve Rastgele Orman Ağaçları Yöntemleri ile İncelenmesi ve Karşılaştırılması

Uyku, günlük yaşamın temel bir unsuru olarak kabul edilir ve genel sağlık ile refahın sürdürülmesinde önemli bir rol oynar. Bu araştırma, Kaggle platformundan elde edilen "Uyku Sağlığı Yaşam Tarzı" veri setini kullanarak bir tahmin modeli oluşturmayı, bu modeli Principal Component Analysis (PCA) yöntemi, Naive Bayes yöntemi ve Rastgele Orman Ağaçları yöntemiyle değerlendirmeyi ve görselleştirmeler gerçekleştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İncelenen veri seti, KNIME platformunda PCA modülü ile boyut azaltma işlemine tabi tutulmuş ve elde edilen çıktılar sunulmuştur. Uyku kalitesini etkilediği düşünülen öznitelikler arasındaki ilişkiler, korelasyon hesaplamaları ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, veri seti Naive Bayes ve Rastgele Orman Ağaçları yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiş, tahmin sonuçları KNIME ortamında değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Bu karşılaştırmaların dağılım matrisleri, KNIME platformundaki Scatter Plot modülü kullanılarak görselleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın en önemli katkısı uyku verileri içeren veri setlerinde kullanılabilecek metodolojiler arasında en etkili olan yöntemi belirlemektir. Bulgular, tartışma ve sonuçlar bölümünde detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.

Managing Type 2 Diabetes through Diet and Exercise: Effects on Sleep and Sexual Health in Men from Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan (1398-1399)

The control of type 2 diabetes by diet, exercise and its positive effects on sleep and sexual performance of men in the conditions of Afghanistan in the city of Mazar-e-Sharif between the years 1398-1399 among 200 referring patients in private home examination and Balkh hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of the Balkh University of Afghanistan.

Silent struggles: Mapping the terrain of sleep, anxiety, and depression in the Era of pandemic for individuals with multiple sclerosis- a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe pandemic's preventive measures adversely impacted physical and psychological well-being, leading to increased sleep issues and mental health problems. This study examines sleep health and mental well-being among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) during this period. It explores potential correlations between sleep problems and mental health in this population. MethodsA cross-sectional design utilized an anonymous SurveyMonkey survey distributed to three MS centers, collecting responses from 24 individuals with MS (21 females, 3 males). Sleep data were assessed using the Functional Outcome of Sleep Questionnaire (FSOQ)-10, and mental health status was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21. FOSQ scores ≥17.9 indicated normal sleep, while the DASS-21 comprised stress, anxiety, and depression subscales, each with 7 questions rated on a 0–3 scale, with higher scores indicating greater mental health issues. ResultsOf 24 participants, 18 MS individuals reported functional sleep issues during the pandemic. Analysis revealed significantly lower productivity, vigilance, and social outcomes in the sleep problems group (p < .01). Additionally, this group had elevated stress (p = .004) and depression scores (p = .002). Negative correlations were observed between sleep scores and both stress (ρ = -0.485, p = .016) and depression (ρ = -0.562, p = .004). Conclusions75 % of MS individuals experienced functional sleep disturbances during the pandemic, with 25 % affected by stress, 16.6 % by anxiety, and 37 % by depression. Sleep issues are correlated with increased stress and depression levels. Recognizing the impact on rehabilitative outcomes, specialists must consider sleep behavior and mental health when designing therapies for individuals with MS.

Sleep quality and mental disorder symptoms among correctional workers in Ontario, Canada

Correctional workers (CWs) report high levels of work stressors, frequent exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs), and substantial mental health challenges. There is evidence of associations between sleep disturbances and diverse mental health challenges, including preliminary evidence from public safety personnel; however, replications and extensions would better inform interventions to support mental health. The current study was designed to examine associations between quality of sleep, work stress, and mental health disorders in a sample of diverse CWs employed in a provincial correctional service in Ontario, Canada. Data were analyzed from 943 CWs who participated in the cross-sectional, web-based Ontario Provincial Correctional Worker Mental Health and Well-Being Study conducted from December 2017 to June 2018. Sleep quality indicators included symptoms of insomnia, total hours of sleep per night on work nights and off-shift nights, number of days feeling rested per week, and overall sleep quality. Descriptive statistics, analyses of variance, correlational analyses, and logistic regression were used to examine relationships among sleep quality, stress of shift work, and mental health disorder symptoms. CWs slept an average of 6.0 h per night when working and 7.2 h during off-shift nights. CWs reported waking up feeling rested an average of 2.6 days per week and rated their overall quality of sleep in the fair to poor range. Many CWs (64.9%) screened positive for clinically significant symptoms of insomnia. There were also differences across occupational groups such that CWs working as correctional officers reported the most sleep problems. There were statistically significant relationships between insomnia and mental health disorder symptoms. Higher levels of stress from shift work were associated with worse sleep quality. CWs, especially those working as correctional officers in a provincial prison, reported many indicators consistent with poorer quality of sleep. Poor quality of sleep was also associated with work stress and mental health disorders.

Addressing the Sleep Deprivation Epidemic in Adolescents: Findings from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2021

ABSTRACT Background Millions of U.S. youths do not get adequate sleep. Healthy People 2030 has prioritized sleep and identified an objective to increase the proportion of students in grades 9 through 12 who get sufficient sleep. Purpose This study investigated the predictors of severe sleep deprivation in adolescents. Methods Data were obtained from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a school-based survey, conducted by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Severe sleep deprivation was defined as 6 hours or less sleep per night on school nights. Binary logistic regressions were used to estimate the associations. Results Among the 17,232 youth surveyed, 48.2% experienced severe sleep deprivation. Self reported overweight and poor mental health status, limited physical activity, excessive screen time, smoking/vaping, lacking school connectedness, parental monitoring, school, and neighborhood safety as well as not having stable housing were statistically significant predictors of adolescents’ severe sleep deprivation. Discussion Scaling up sleep health programs in schools, neighborhoods, and subpopulations of adolescents could be a fundamental step toward achieving health equity. Translation to Health Education Practice Educators, health professionals, and social workers should be informed about the risk and protective factors of sleep health, and adolescents’ vulnerabilities to sleep deprivation.

Long-term trajectories of sleep duration are associated with incident diabetes in middle-to-older-aged Black and White Americans.

Both short and long sleep durations have been linked to higher diabetes risk. However, sleep duration may vary over time, and there has been limited research focusing on individual sleep trajectories and diabetes risk. There are substantial racial disparities in both sleep health and diabetes risk in the USA. Thus, it is important to understand the role of suboptimal sleep patterns in diabetes risk in different racial groups. We assessed long-term trajectories of sleep duration and incident diabetes in 22,285 Black adults (mean age ± SD, 51.1 ± 8.2 years; 64.8% women) and 13,737 White adults (mean age ± SD, 54.4 ± 9.0 years; 63.8% women) enrolled in the Southern Community Cohort Study. Nine sleep trajectories were derived based on self-reported sleep duration at baseline and after a mean of 5 years of follow-up: normal-normal (reference), short-normal, normal-short, short-short, long-normal, normal-long, long-long, long-short and short-long. Diabetes was reported using a validated questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine relationships between sleep trajectories and incident diabetes. When compared with the normal-normal trajectory, suboptimal sleep trajectories were associated with higher likelihoods of developing diabetes (OR; 95% CI: short-normal 1.19; 1.09, 1.31; normal-short 1.14; 1.02, 1.27; short-short 1.17; 1.07, 1.28; long-normal 1.13; 0.98, 1.30; normal-long 1.16; 1.00, 1.34; long-long 1.23; 1.02, 1.48; long-short 1.45; 1.19, 1.77; short-long 1.51; 1.28, 1.77). Stratified analyses by race and socioeconomic status (i.e. education and household income) showed that most suboptimal sleep trajectories were consistently associated with incident diabetes in all sociodemographic subgroups. We also noted potential interaction with race and education for several sleep trajectories (i.e. short-long and normal-short with race; long-long and short-short with education). Adults with suboptimal sleep duration trajectories are more likely to develop incident diabetes. Future research is needed to study how sociodemographic factors modulate this relationship.

Device-estimated sleep metrics do not mediate the relation between race and blood pressure dipping in young black and white women.

Short, disturbed, and irregular sleep may contribute to blunted nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping, a predictor of cardiovascular disease. Black women (BLW) demonstrate less BP dipping and poorer sleep health than White women (WHW). However, it remains unclear whether device-estimated sleep health metrics mediate the relation between race and BP dipping in young women. We hypothesized that the relation between race and BP dipping would be partly mediated by sleep health metrics of sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep regularity. Participants (20 BLW, 17 WHW) were 18-29 years old, normotensive, nonobese, and without evidence of sleep disorders. Systolic and diastolic BP dipping were derived from 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. Habitual sleep duration and sleep efficiency were estimated via 14 days of wrist actigraphy. Sleep duration regularity was calculated as the standard deviation (SD) of nightly sleep duration (SDSD). Sleep timing regularity metrics were calculated as the SD of sleep onset and sleep midpoint (SMSD). Mediation analysis tested the mediating effect of each sleep metric on the relation between race and BP dipping. BLW experienced less systolic (P=.02) and diastolic (P=.01) BP dipping. Sleep duration (P=.14) was not different between groups. BLW had lower sleep efficiency (P<.01) and higher SDSD (P=.02), sleep onset SD (P<.01) and SMSD (P=.01). No sleep metrics mediated the relation between race and BP dipping (all indirect effects P>.38). In conclusion, mediation pathways of sleep health metrics do not explain racial differences in nocturnal BP dipping between young BLW and WHW.

Impact of National Lockdown Measures on the Association Between Social Media Use and Sleep Disturbance During COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of 21 Nations.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the extensive lockdown measures implemented for disease mitigation triggered a surge in round-the-clock social media use, giving rise to widespread concerns regarding its impact on sleep health. This meta-analysis examined the association between social media use and sleep disturbance during the pandemic, along with potential moderators. The dataset included 43 independent samples comprising 68,247 residents of 21 countries across 7 world regions. The three-level mixed-effects meta-analysis revealed a weak, positive overall effect size (r = 0.1296, 95% confidence interval: 0.0764-0.1828, k = 90). The magnitude of the effect size varied by the type of social media use: compulsive use exhibited a moderately strong effect size, whereas information-focused use showed marginal significance. The effect size was more pronounced in countries imposing stricter (vs. less strict) lockdown measures. Lockdown status also moderated this association, with a marginally significant effect size observed during lockdowns but a significant effect size after lockdowns. For demographics, samples involving emerging adults demonstrated moderately strong effect sizes, whereas those involving the general population had modest effect sizes. Notably, the interaction between the type of social media use and lockdown status was significant. Specifically, the positive association with information-focused use was significant only during lockdowns, whereas that with general use was significant after, but not during, lockdowns. However, compulsive use showed a moderately strong effect size both during and after lockdowns. These findings underscored the importance of considering multiple factors-such as the type of social media use, context, and demographics-when studying social media use and sleep health.

Improving quality of life, sleep and mental health through multicomponent training versus Brazilian recommendations of physical activity in post-COVID-19 patients: CORE-study–A randomized controlled trial

Background and objectivesTo analyze the effects of multicomponent training on the quality of life (Qol), sleep quality (SQ), depressive symptoms (DS), and health perception (HP) in adults and elderly individuals post-COVID-19 infection. MethodsRandomized controlled clinical trial, with an intervention group (IG) of multicomponent physical training lasting 11 weeks and a control group (CG). The participants were adults and elderly people, of both genders, who were infected with COVID-19 in its moderate to severe type. The study was carried out in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil from November 2021 to April 2023. The training program consisted of balance, strength and aerobic exercises. QoL, DS, SQ and HP were evaluated at baseline and at the 12th week. Outcomes were analyzed by Protocol (PP) and by Intention to Treat (ITT). Generalized Estimating Equations were used, with Bonferroni post-hoc; α: 0.05. ResultsThirty-nine subjects (19 women, 52.50 ± 12.97 years old) composed the sample. In the ITT analysis, an improvement in QoL was observed only in the intervention group (IG-pre: 10.70 ± 0.77, post: 8.83 ± 0.82, p < 0.001; CG-pre: 10.11 ± 0.81, post:11.00 ± 1.11, p = 0.408). In relation to SQ, improvement was also found only in the IG (IG-pre: 8.80 ± 0.94, post: 6.47 ± 0,88, p < 0.001; CG-pre: 7.00 ± 1,04, post: 7.21 ± 1.20, p = 0.768). In DS, improvement was observed (p < 0.001) in both groups (IG-pre: 8.89 ± 1.14, post: 4.71 ± 1.22; CG-pre: 9.06 ± 1.68, post: 6.92 ± 1.80). In the PP analysis, only SQ and DS improved in both groups. No significant improvements were observed in any of the analyses for the HP outcome. ConclusionMulticomponent training demonstrated superiority in enhancing QoL and SQ, and both approaches (multicomponent training and recommendations for physical activity) appear to mitigate depressive symptoms. Both approaches seem not to significantly improve HP. Brazilian clinical trials registryRBR-10y6jhr.

Racial Disparity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Care and its Impact on Cardiovascular Health.

Racial disparities in sleep health as well as the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders have emerged as a key driver of cardiovascular outcomes. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is characterized by repeated airway obstructions during sleep and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. While racial and ethnic minorities have disproportionately high OSA prevalence rates, diagnosis rates remain low. One explanation behind this phenomenon are structural environmental and lifestyle barriers that prevent access to OSA care. Additionally, there remains significantly limited understanding of OSA and its causes and symptoms within communities. In general, minorities have poorer sleep health due to systemic and environmental racism, which also causes an increased in conditions such as obesity that increases OSA risk. Disparities also persist within various types of OSA treatment. The most common form of treatment, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has lower adherence among African Americans, as well as those living in areas with low socioeconomic status (SES), primarily minorities. There have been a small number of studies that have shown some initial success of educational campaigns about OSA within minority communities in increasing screenings and diagnoses. Peer based education has been an effective technique, and there is a need for such programs to be expanded. Disparities persist, with minority groups having worse sleep health and lower rates of adherence to OSA treatment. Some grassroots, peer-led educational campaigns show promise in increasing adherence. In light of these disparities, there remains a need for the field of sleep medicine to continue addressing the systemic barriers that hinder the timely evaluation and treatment in racial minorities.

Life's Essential 8, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of psoriatic disease: a prospective cohort study.

Psoriatic disease (PsD) is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases. The Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score is a new metric for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH), where a higher score indicates better CVH. However, the longitudinal association between LE8 score and the risk of PsD remains uncertain. The main aim of the present study was to explore the association between LE8 scores and the risk of PsD. To investigate the associations between LE8 score, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of PsD within a cohort design. This cohort study included 261,642 participants from the UK Biobank without PsD at baseline. LE8 comprises eight indicators: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to examine the association between the participants' LE8 scores, PsD genetic risk, and the risk of PsD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (CIs) were calculated. During an average follow-up of 12.32 years, 1,501 participants developed PsD. Compared to participants with low LE8 scores, the HRs (95% CIs) of developing PsD for those with moderate and high LE8 scores were 0.51 (0.43, 0.59) and 0.34 (0.27, 0.42) after adjustments, respectively. Dose-response analysis revealed a linear negative association between continuous LE8 score and the risk of developing PsD (P < 0.001), with no evidence of non-linear association detected. The genetic susceptibility to PsD did not modify this association (P for interaction = 0.63). Subgroup analyses revealed that women demonstrated a more pronounced beneficial association between LE8 scores and PsD risk (P for interaction = 0.02). Our study suggests that a higher LE8 score, regardless of genetic risk, was associated with a lower risk of PsD, particularly among women. Consequently, maintaining a high CVH status is recommended to prevent PsD and assess associated risks.