Skin Disease In Patients Research Articles

Visual racism in internet searches and dermatology textbooks

Visual racism in internet searches and dermatology textbooks

Immune-Mediated Dermatoses in Patients with Haematological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review.

Haematological malignancies induce important alterations of the immune system, which account for the high frequency of autoimmune complications observed in patients. Cutaneous immune-mediated diseases associated with haematological malignancies encompass a heterogeneous group of dermatoses, including, among others, neutrophilic and eosinophilic dermatoses, autoantibody-mediated skin diseases, vasculitis and granulomatous dermatoses. Some of these diseases, such as paraneoplastic pemphigus, are associated with an increased risk of death; others, such as eosinophilic dermatoses of haematological malignancies, run a benign clinical course but portend a significant negative impairment on a patient’s quality of life. In rare cases, the skin eruption reflects immunological alterations associated with an unfavourable prognosis of the associated haematological disorder. Therapeutic management of immune-mediated skin diseases in patients with haematological malignancies is often challenging. Systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs are considered frontline therapies but may considerably augment the risk of serious infections. Indeed, developing a specific targeted therapeutic approach is of crucial importance for this particularly fragile patient population. This review provides an up-to-date overview on the immune-mediated skin diseases most frequently encountered by patients with onco-haematological disorders, discussing new pathogenic advances and therapeutic options on the horizon.

Lenabasum for Skin Disease in Patients With Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis

Spiera et al. report promising results of a small multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II study of lenabasum, a cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor agonist, for the treatment of skin disease in patients with early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) on stable background immunosuppression. This study is important because it examines the effects of cannabinoid (CB) modulation in SSc, a hitherto unexplored pathway, it uses the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Combined Response Index in Systemic Sclerosis (CRISS) index as an outcome in a 12-week as opposed to its intended use in 12-month clinical trials, and it redemonstrates the utility of obtaining skin biopsies to assess secondary outcomes in SSc clinical trials.

Pattern of skin diseases in patients attending OPD of selected upazilla health complex, Bangladesh

Skin diseases differ in different countries, and within various regions of a country depending on social, economic, racial and environmental factors. Many patients have reported various patterns of skin diseases in different countries. It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study conducted at outpatient department (OPD) of Dhamrai upazilla health complex to know the pattern of skin diseases during the period of June 2018 to December 2018. Total 2000 patients at any age and sex who attended in the OPD of the hospital with different types of skin disorders/diseases were selected as study population. Among the patients 27.05% were less than 10 years of age and 56.04% were female, 45.05% patients were illiterate, 57.03% had monthly family oncome more than Tk 15000 and 40.89% were housewife, 20.01% were students. The diagnosis was made on clinical basis as an expert dermatologist. Lab. investigations were restricted to the cases where they carried diagnostic importance. Majority (57%) were suffering from some infectious among them 33.02% had parasitic infection, 28.3% suffering from fungal infection, 20.1% bacterial infection and 43% from some non-infectious skin diseases among them 37.79% had eczema, 17.87% had papulosquamous disease, 14.25% had acne, 14.01% had urticaria, 8.7% had vitiligo. Infectious skin diseases were the most common skin disease seen in our study, followed by dermatological infections. The emerging challenges for dermatologists are to prevent and reduce these skin diseases.

536 Comparing the Performance of Interferon Gamma Release Assays in Autoimmune Skin Diseases

Autoimmune skin disease patients are screened for tuberculosis (TB) before initiation of immunosuppressive drugs via interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs). The two available tests, the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and the T-SPOT.TB test (T-SPOT, Oxford Immunotec, Abingdon, UK) measure IFN-γ levels produced in response to T-cell stimulation with TB antigens. The T-SPOT test uses an enzyme-linked immunospot method rather than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the basis of the QFT-Plus test.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among psoriasis and lichen planus patients attending tertiary care hospital in Bundelkhand region: A prospective study

Metabolic syndrome is constellation of many different disorders. The common conditions associated with metabolic syndrome are obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. These conditions do play some role in developing cardiovascular disease beyond traditional risk. Metabolic syndrome have been commonly seen in patients of many skin diseases including psoriasis, lichen planus, acne inversa and even in skin malignancies. In chroni skin disorder and even in metabolic syndrome chronic inflammation has been shown to play some role in the pathogenesis of disease. The present study is designed with a view to know any association between skin diseases especially psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, as well as expression of C-reactive protein in psoriasis and other skin diseases in this region.Present study was conducted on 76 histopathologically confirmed cases of Psoariasis & Lichen Planus and 70 age and sex matched controls with skin lesions other than psoriasis and lichen planus. For metabolic syndrome criteria proposed by National cholesterol education programme (NCEP) ATP III was used. Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, Blood sugar and CRP level was quantitatively determined on serum/plasma of patients. Chi square test and SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Among psoriasis patients 18/52 had metabolic syndrome while this figure was low in lichen planus patients 7/24. The incidence of metabolic syndrome with skin disease was high as compared to control population and it was also statistically significant. Cases (psoriasis and lichen planus) with metabolic syndrome had high CRP value 61.1% (11/18) and 57.1% (04/07) respectively as compared to control 12.8% (09/71) and also displayed significant association.It was concluded from this study that metabolic syndrome is an important co-morbidity with psoriasis and lichen planus which requires screening to avoid complications in later life.

Skin Diseases in Patients with Primary Psychiatric Disorders.

ObjectiveThe few psychodermatological studies of primary psychiatric populations so far suggest that parasitic-infectious skin diseases are the most common dermatological comorbidity in more than 70% of psychiatric patients, which should be studied here in a large data bank outside dermatological treatment facilities. MethodsIn a descriptive-explorative and retrospective study, more than 17,000 patients with primary psychiatric disorders were examined to investigate dermatological comorbidities. ResultsThe proportion of patients with primary mental disorders and additional dermatological disease was 1.24% (n=212). Here, psoriasis (35.4%) and atopic dermatitis (22.6%) were the most frequent dermatological diseases among these 212 patients. Infectious-parasitic skin diseases were present in 13.2% of comorbid patients. The most common mental disorder was a depressive illness, seen in 42.5% (n=90) of patients. ConclusionOur results confirmed the frequent association of depression with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, indicating the need for the early detection and treatment of such comorbid patients. In contrast, psychiatric inpatients do not appear to suffer from predominantly infectious-parasitic dermatoses.

A study to find the correlation between mucocutaneous manifestations and CD4 counts among the newly diagnosed HIV individuals.

Introduction: Skin disorders are common manifestations of HIV disease. A study was conducted to find the correlation between the degree of immunosuppression and the incidence of specific skin disorders in patients with HIV infection. Materials and methods: Study was conducted in the department of dermatology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack from October 2010 to September 2012. Random sampling was considered in this study. Referred patients, after pretest counseling at ICTC Centre, were included and individuals who are on antiretroviral treatment were excluded. Relevant diagnostic tests were performed like scraping and KOH examination for the diagnosis of dermatophytoses and candidiasis, Tzanck smear for herpes infection, Darkfield microscopy for diagnosis of a syphilitic ulcer, Biopsy is done wherever required. CD4 count was done as per the guidelines. Results: A total of 150 (100%) participants were included, the male-female ratio was 1.8. Age-wise, 57% (85) were included in 31–45 group and 15% were unmarried. Fungal infections constitute 17.9% of total mucocutaneous disorders followed by bacterial infections (10.5%), viral (8.09%) and parasitic (6.7%) infestations. Conclusion: Age group, 31–45 years is the commonest for HIV infection. Fungal infections (dermatoses) of the skin were most common followed by bacterial folliculitis, herpes zoster, and scabies. Except for viral infections, the mean CD4 counts were <200cells/cu mm.

Prevalence and pattern of skin diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus at a tertiary hospital in Northern Nigeria.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders with a rising prevalence. It cuts across all ages and socioeconomic status. Various skin lesions are frequently observed in diabetic patients. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, pattern, and determinants of skin diseases in diabetic patients at the Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, North West Nigeria. One hundred consecutive diabetic patients attending the clinic were included in the study. Many of the patients had more than one skin condition at a time. The most prevalent skin diseases were idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis which was seen in 61% of patients, infections from fungal, bacterial, and viral causes occurred in 30% of patients, other skin disorders were diabetic dermopathy seen in 17% of patients, palmoplantar hyperpigmentation was seen in 13% of patients, while pruritus occurred in 12% of patients and xerosis was seen in 10% of patients. Skin disorders are common among diabetic patients at Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, North West Nigeria.

MMP3 Is a Non-invasive Biomarker of Rejection in Skin-Bearing Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: A Multicenter Validation Study.

Background: There is unmet need for non-invasive immunomonitoring to improve diagnosis and treatment of acute rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). Circulating matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) was described as a candidate non-invasive biomarker to predict treatment response to acute rejection in clinical VCA. However, larger validation studies are yet to be reported to allow for more definitive conclusions.Methods: We retrospectively measured MMP3 levels using ELISA in a total of 140 longitudinal serum samples from six internal and three external face transplant recipients, as well as three internal and seven external upper extremity transplant recipients. The control groups comprised serum samples from 36 kidney transplant recipients, 14 healthy controls, and 38 patients with autoimmune skin disease. A linear mixed model was used to study the effect of rejection state (pre-transplant, no-rejection, non-severe rejection (NSR), and severe rejection) on MMP3 levels.Results: In VCA, MMP3 levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) between pre- and post-transplant no-rejection states. A further increase occurred during severe rejection (p < 0.001), while there was no difference in MMP3 levels between non-severe and no-rejection episodes. A threshold of 5-fold increase from pre-transplant levels could discriminate severe from NSR with 76% sensitivity and 81% specificity (AUC = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.65–0.92, p < 0.001). In kidney transplantation, the MMP3 levels were significantly (p < 0.001) elevated during antibody-mediated rejection but not during T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) (p = 0.547). MMP3 levels in healthy controls and autoimmune skin disease patients were comparable with either pre-transplant or no-rejection/NSR episodes of VCA patients.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that serum MMP3 protein is a promising marker for stratifying patients according to severity of rejection, complementary to biopsy findings.

Lipidomic Profiling of Plasma Samples in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma; A Biomarker Study for Predicting the Response and Toxicities of Melphalan, Prednisolone and Bortezomib (MPB) Regimen : An Ancillary Study of the JCOG1105 (JCOG1105A1)

Lipidomic Profiling of Plasma Samples in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma; A Biomarker Study for Predicting the Response and Toxicities of Melphalan, Prednisolone and Bortezomib (MPB) Regimen : An Ancillary Study of the JCOG1105 (JCOG1105A1)

An Intelligent Computer-Aided Scheme for Classifying Multiple Skin Lesions

Skin diseases cases are increasing on a daily basis and are difficult to handle due to the global imbalance between skin disease patients and dermatologists. Skin diseases are among the top 5 leading cause of the worldwide disease burden. To reduce this burden, computer-aided diagnosis systems (CAD) are highly demanded. Single disease classification is the major shortcoming in the existing work. Due to the similar characteristics of skin diseases, classification of multiple skin lesions is very challenging. This research work is an extension of our existing work where a novel classification scheme is proposed for multi-class classification. The proposed classification framework can classify an input skin image into one of the six non-overlapping classes i.e., healthy, acne, eczema, psoriasis, benign and malignant melanoma. The proposed classification framework constitutes four steps, i.e., pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Different image processing and machine learning techniques are used to accomplish each step. 10-fold cross-validation is utilized, and experiments are performed on 1800 images. An accuracy of 94.74% was achieved using Quadratic Support Vector Machine. The proposed classification scheme can help patients in the early classification of skin lesions.

Levodopa-induced skin disorders in patients with Parkinson disease: a systematic literature review approach.

The use of levodopa for treatment of Parkinson's disease is a well-established clinical practice. Data about the true incidence and severity of cutaneous complications associated with the use of levodopa are largely lacking. Aim of this review was to evaluate the quality of evidence referring to the skin disorders caused by levodopa treatment for Parkinson's disease. Thirty of 1084 studies were included; 8 randomized controlled trials and 22 case reports in a total of 2749 patients. Malignant melanoma was the most frequent oral levodopa-related skin disorder followed by allergic cutaneous reactions, alopecia, vitiligo, skin hyperpigmentation, Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, Henoch-Schönlein syndrome, pseudobullous morphea and scleroderma-like illness. Naranjo scores ranged from 2 to 8. Regarding levodopa clinical trials, the most frequent skin complication was peripheral edema, followed by malignant melanoma. Although evidence is not robust, melanoma is the most frequent and possible fatal levodopa-associated skin disorder, while other skin allergic or immunological reactions are less common and reversible. Although levodopa treatment may induce melanogenesis and promote melanomagenesis, existing evidence does not support an association between levodopa therapy and induction or progression of malignant melanoma. The suggested association with melanoma may reflect the well-documented association of Parkinson's disease with melanoma rather than the exposure to the drug. Nevertheless, until a solid conclusion can be drawn, the use of levodopa in the context of malignant melanoma should be considered with caution. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to determine the cause and effect relationship between levodopa and skin disorders.

The histopathological pattern of benign and non-neoplastic skin diseases at King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:To characterize and compare the histopathological pattern of benign skin diseases in patients from Madinah region of Saudi Arabia.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and contained cases of benign skin diseases for 11 years (from January 2006 to December 2017). The findings were tabulated in Microsoft Excel sheet and classified based on histopathological diagnosis.Results:Of 1,125 skin tissues reviewed, 579 (51.5%) specimens were from male patients and 546 (48.5%) specimens were from females giving a male: female ratio of 1.1:1. The ages ranged from 1 to 101 years with a mean age of 36.9±9.8 years. Most of the skin diseases (n=639; 57%) were seen in the age group 20-49 years. The most common skin diseases observed were disorders of skin appendages (29.6%) followed by benign tumors (18.3%), disorders of pigmentations (11.9%), papulosquamous lesions (11.4%), and dermatitis/eczema (10%). In the group of skin appendages disorders, epidermal inclusion cyst was the most common disease entity representing 20.4% of cases, followed by trichilemmal cyst accounting for 9.2% of the total cases. Mean ages of the patients were 35±8.5 years and 36.7±9.7 years respectively.Conclusion:A variety of benign skin lesions were seen in the present study in a wide age distribution range. The most common skin diseases observed in this study were skin appendage disorders, benign skin and adnexal tumors, pigmentation disorders, and papulosquamous lesions.

571 Comparing the performance of two interferon-gamma release assays in autoimmune skin disease patients: A prospective study

Autoimmune skin disease patients are standardly screened for tuberculosis (TB) via interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) prior to starting immunosuppressive drugs or enrolling in clinical trials. Two commercial IGRAs, T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON-Tb Gold (QFT-G), are reported as either determinate (positive or negative) or indeterminate. Both tests utilize similar immunoenzymatic reactions for interferon-gamma detection, but differ in its quantification. Though QFT-G is more widely used, studies have demonstrated that T-SPOT.TB has lower rates of indeterminate results in immunosuppressed patients, and thus may prevent a delay in initiation of necessary therapies or enrollment in clinical trials. The newest generation of QFT-G, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), has not been compared to T-SPOT.TB in this patient population. We aim to investigate the performance of T-SPOT.TB and QFT-Plus in autoimmune skin disease patients. This ongoing prospective study included 48 patients. Venous blood samples were collected and underwent TB screening with QFT-Plus and T-SPOT.TB IGRAs. The proportions of indeterminate and determinate results among the two tests were compared. There were 2 indeterminate results with QFT-Plus and no indeterminate results with T-SPOT.TB. There was one positive result seen with both QFT-Plus and T-SPOT.TB. Using a one-tailed Fischer test, there was no statistical significance when comparing QFT-Plus and T-SPOT.TB in autoimmune skin disease patients (p=0.25). Though this finding was not statistically significant, it is clinically important as indeterminate results preclude these patients from receiving necessary treatment. Compared to previous studies on QFT-G, QFT-Plus showed improvement in reducing the amount of indeterminate results. Despite this, we suggest using T-SPOT.TB in TB screening for autoimmune skin disease patients who have an indeterminate QFT-G or QFT-Plus, as this test did not display any indeterminate results. The results of this study are limited by small sample size.

In vitro and in vivo Investigations of a Sudanese Honey in the Management of Dermatological Fungal Infections

Superficial fungal infections represented 17% of skin diseases in patients attending the outpatient clinic of Khartoum Hospital of Skin and Venereal Diseases.&#x0D; The treatment of these infections usually involves the use of systemic drugs and/or topical well-tried preparations. All of the drugs carry a potential of adverse reactions, besides their relatively high cost. Honey, which is a natural product of the honeybee, is believed to be active against fungi. In this study, honey was used as topical treatment for six different clinical syndromes of superficial fungal infections.&#x0D; The study, which was carried out at the outpatient clinic of Khartoum Hospital of Skin and Venereal Diseases, included 360 patients (210 males and 150 females) with skin, hair and nail infections. Patients, diagnosed by clinical examination and direct microscopy (KOH), were given honey to be applied on their lesions twice daily. Follow-up was made weekly by both clinical and laboratory evaluations. A complementary follow-up visit after 4 weeks of completion of treatment was needed in order to trace any clinical or mycological changes. Clinical and mycological cure showed some difference. Two hundred and sixty patients (72.4%) showed clinical cure associated with hyphal clearance on direct microscopy. Spores were not affected by honey, a direct cause of high relapse rate (42.3%). It is concluded that honey had a therapeutic effect on skin and scalp fungal infections but nail infection were not affected.

Clinico-pathological evaluation of non-neoplastic and neoplastic skin lesions: A study of 100 cases

Clinico-pathological evaluation of non-neoplastic and neoplastic skin lesions: A study of 100 cases - IJPO- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6784 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6792 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/2394-6792.2019.0021, Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology-Indian J Pathol Oncol

Pattern of Skin Diseases in Patients Attending OPD of Dermatology and Venereology in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Skin diseases account for a higher proportion of outpatient department in developing countries including Bangladesh.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the pattern of skin diseases in patients attending OPD of Dermatology and venereology in a tertiary care hospital.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of medical college hospital of Kishoreganj in Bangladesh from 2013 to 2016 for a period of four (4) years. All the patients at any age and sex who were attended in the OPD of the hospital selected as study population. Only newly diagnosed cases were included in the study. The socio-demographic profiles and diseases pattern were recorded in a data sheet. Diagnosis was made on clinical basis by expert dermatologist. Lab investigations were restricted to the cases where it carried diagnostic importance.Result: A total number of 119228 patients (near about 82/day) were recruited for this study. Out of them 57825 (48.5%) cases were male and 61403 (51.5%) cases were female. Infective diseases were more common than non-infective diseases which were (65409; 54.9%) and (53819; 45.1%) cases respectively. In cases of infective diseases; parasitic, fungal, bacterial, viral, sexually transmitted infection and other nonspecific infections were 20408(31.2%), 17464(26.7%), 12166(18.6%), 8503(13.0%), 3597(5.5%) and 3271(5.0%) respectively. Out of 20408 parasitic diseases of which 20061(98.3%) cases were scabies and 1347(1.7%) cases were pediculosis. Out of 17464 fungal diseases tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, candidiasis, onychomycosis and pityriasis versicolor were found in 2655(15.2%) cases, 3737(21.4%) cases, 3423(19.6%) cases, 3127(17.9%) cases, 1031(5.9%) cases and 3492(20.0%) cases respectively. Out of 12166 bacterial diseases Impetigo was found in 4745(39.0%) cases, pyoderma in 4282(35.2%) cases, folliculitis in 3103(25.5%) cases, leprosy in 24(0.2%) cases and skin TB in 12(0.1%) cases. Among the viral diseases verruca was found in 4056(47.7%) cases. In case of non-infective diseases, eczema, papulo-squamous disease, acne, urticarial, drug reaction, vitiligo, chronic arsenicosis, neoplastic skin disorder, genodermatoses and others were 16953(31.5%), 9903( 18.4%),7696( 14.3%), 8019( 14.9%), 4682( 8.7%), 2099( 3.9%), 269(0.5%), 161(0.3%), 431(0.8%) and 3606( 6.7%) respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that a huge burden of skin diseases are present in the OPD. Infective skin diseases mostly bacterial and parasitic still predominant in Bangladesh though it is less frequent in developed countries.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(2): 116-122

Skin diseases in patients with primary psychiatric conditions admitted in Psychiatry ward

Introduction: The relation between psychiatric disorder and dermatological illness is well known but limited studies have been conducted to show significant association. This study was carried to find out the prevalence and frequency of dermatological illness in primary psychiatric patient.Material and Method: One hundred and fifty patients with primary psychiatric disease admitted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital from October 2017 to October 2018 with same number of age, sex and social class matched controls were studied. A detailed dermatological and psychiatric evaluation was done in all cases and controls.Results: The mean age for primary psychiatric illness was 30.94 ± 14.28 years. Dermatological conditions found in 82.67% of primary psychiatric condition was higher than that of controls (43.3%). The most common psychiatric condition was Schizophrenia (25.3%) followed by Depression (28%). A significantly higher incidence of infective dermatoses was seen in 65 (43.4%) of cases as compared to control 46 (30.6%) [p value = 0.023] in which dermatophytic infections was profoundly found in about 22 (14.7%) patients. Parasitic infestation was seen in 20% of psychiatric patients, of these scabies was present in 20 (13.3%) and pediculosis in 10 (6.7%) cases. Among non-infective skin disorder, high incidence of eczema 17 (11.3%) and generalized pruritus 15 (10%) was seen.Conclusion: There is a definite association of skin disease and primary psychiatric illness of which infective skin diseases are significantly higher in psychiatric patient.J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .6(1), 2017, p.48-53

Cutaneous Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis and its Correlation with Renal Function, Dialysis Cycle and Haemoglobin

Introduction: Skin is the mirror of an internal disease, including the renal system. Chronic kidney disease presents with variety of skin diseases, which is caused either by kidney disease or by treatment modalities.Objective: To evaluate the revalence of various skin disease in patients with chronic renal disease and relation of various skin diseases with serum creatinine, blood urea, hemoglobin and number of hemodialysis cycle.Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in hundred patients of either sex, aged 18 years and above; with chronic kidney disease (stage V) admitted for dialysis in Nephrology department of Nobel Medical College and teaching hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. The study groups were evaluated for various skin manifestation and parameters of renal function like blood urea and serum creatinine.Results: Among the total patients (n=100), 84 patients presented with complain of skin manifestation but on detail examination 97 patients had at least one skin disease. The causes leading to chronic kidney disease were found to be hypertension 58%, diabetes mellitus 49%, IgA nephropathy 7%, systemic lupus erythematosus 7% and glomerulonephritis 4%. Xerosis was the commonest skin disease encountered in these patients amounting to 71% among which 43 were hypertensive and 34 were diabetic. Xerosis was followed by pruritus (62%), pallor (54%), mucosal changes (39%), skin infection (36%), hair changes (34%), pigmentation (33%) and nail changes (29%). Serum creatinine showed statistically significant association with pruritus ( =0.030) and pigmentation ( =0.010), similarly blood urea showed significant association with pruritus ( =0.001). Similarly, number of dialysis cycle showed significant association with pigmentation of skin ( =&lt;0.001).Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is associated with variety of skin diseases. The commonest were xerosis and pruritus. Early detection and appropriate intervention can relieve and decrease suffering. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:468-474.