Management Skills Research Articles

CEO compensation for luck and skill and corporate governance in U.S. property-liability insurance firms

ABSTRACT We examine whether CEO compensation is tied to both luck and skill in U.S. property-liability insurance firms. To estimate luck and skill, an insurer’s underwriting margin is regressed on the industry-wide underwriting margin, with the resulting predicted value (the residual) representing luck (skill). The results show that CEO compensation is positively related to exogenous factors (luck), providing support for the skimming view and that CEO skill is an important determinant of CEO compensation as well. Notably, well governed insurers show less CEO pay for luck than poorly governed insurers, whereas insurers with strong corporate governance exhibit greater CEO pay for managerial skill than those with weak corporate governance. These results are robust to an alternative measure of luck and skill. Our findings provide important implications for the role of corporate governance in developing efficient CEO compensation arrangements in the property-liability insurance industry.

The effect of emotional intelligence on nurses' job performance: the mediating role of moral intelligence and occupational stress.

Although previous studies have linked emotional intelligence to nurses' job performance, research lacks how moral intelligence and occupational stress mediate this relationship. Addressing this gap is essential for improving nursing care outcomes. This study aims to determine the mediating effect of moral intelligence and occupational stress in this relationship among Iranian nurses. This descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in Urmia Teaching Hospital from February to April 2022. Six hundred and twenty-one nurses were recruited using quota sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Lenik and Kiel's Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (LK-MIQ), Siberia Schering's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (SS-EISQ), Patterson's Job Performance Questionnaire (P-JPQ), and the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 23 and Smart-PLS ver. 3.0. The effect of emotional intelligence on job performance was positive, direct, and weak (β = 0.099, t-value = 2.285, p = 0.023). Emotional intelligence had a negative, direct, and weak effect on moral intelligence (β = - 0.257, t-value = 4.754, p = 0.000) and a negative, direct, and moderate effect on occupational stress (β = - 0.316, t-value = 6.482, p = 0.000). Moral intelligence mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and occupational stress (β = 0.0842, 95% CI: 0.0532, 0.1194). However, the mediating role of occupational stress between emotional intelligence and job performance was not supported (β = 0.003, 95% CI: - 0.0139, 0.0184). Moral and emotional intelligence should be key criteria for selecting nursing staff and managers to create a safe, low-stress environment that boosts nurses' job performance. Healthcare managers should promote nurses' emotional intelligence by offering practical courses for enhancing nurses' self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management skills. It is essential to support moral intelligence by organizing educational classes that improve their integrity, responsibility, compassion, and forgiveness.

The Impact of Leadership Development Programs on Organizational Resilience and Change Management

Modern business environments require organizations to possess advanced tools which Leadership Development Programs (LDPs) develop through their pivotal role in this process. This research examines how Leadership Development Programs (LDPs) support the development of organizational resilience as well as strengthen change management capabilities. An organization needs resilience to respond to disruptions and requires effective change management for achieving smooth transitions during times of essential transformation. Organizational performance metrics have been assessed using a mixed methods model which combines quantitative survey data with qualitative data analysis for evaluating LDP impact. Leadership development programs that follow well-defined structures produce remarkable improvements in leaders' ability to predict future crises as well as their management and adaptation skills. Within organizations LDPs set the stage for adaptable workplaces through which innovation can thrive because team members experience less resistance during transitions. Industrial case studies prove that companies which implement leadership development efforts achieve swift returns through operational efficiency while retaining workforce commitment and maintaining market superiority. Multiple barriers exist in the way of LDP program success including resource limitations and goal misalignment and inconsistent program assessment approaches. To achieve maximal results from LDPs organizations must develop specific leadership development programs that include all stakeholders and connect directly to organizational goals. This research adds value to established literature through its combination of resilience theory with change management theory as precise foundations for leadership development models. This work presents practical guidance to professionals by outlining step-by-step solutions for designing LDPs together with methods to enhance organizational adaptiveness and valid assessment metrics. Organizations must establish leadership development as their strategic base for sustainable growth since changes and uncertainties demand immediate attention

"Pancreata: The Keto Struggle": an innovative educational tale-based game for diabetic ketoacidosis revitalizes collaborative learning, learner's engagement among undergraduate medical students.

Traditional didactic teaching methods in medical education, while foundational, often lead to passive learning and insufficient engagement. "Pancreata-The Keto Struggle," an educational tale-based game for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), was developed to address these challenges by promoting collaborative learning, enhancing student engagement, and improving knowledge retention through an interactive and narrative-driven approach. This study involved 150 first-year medical students divided into 25 small groups of 6 each. Participants were assessed before and after engaging with the game through a structured formative assessment, a validated questionnaire measuring engagement and learning effectiveness, and a confidence level questionnaire. In-depth small-group interviews were also conducted for qualitative feedback and thematic analysis was performed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 17. The introduction of "Pancreata-The Keto Struggle" resulted in significant improvements in students' formative assessment scores, from a mean of 19.2 ± 1.9 before the game to 39.3 ± 2.2 out of 50 after the game (p < 0.0001). Notably, students demonstrated the highest confidence gains in managing DKA and interpreting laboratory results. Qualitative analysis identified seven common themes reflecting the game's impact on learning: collaboration, retention of concepts, internal drive, self and peer assessment, joyful learning, beyond books, and aesthetic content. Over 95% of students reported increased engagement and learning effectiveness due to the game's intrinsic motivation, narrative, and group learning mechanics. "Pancreata-The Keto Struggle" effectively revitalizes collaborative learning in medical education by integrating game-based learning with traditional teaching methods. The game not only facilitates a deeper understanding of complex clinical conditions like DKA but also broadly improves students' clinical management skills and confidence. These findings underscore the potential of educational tale based games to enrich medical education and advocate for their broader application across curricula.

Improving Students' Basic Emotional Management Skills Through the Emoji Card Method in the Malaysia International Teaching Volunteer Program

This review summarizes the literature discussing emotional management among children, particularly students in the Quranic Learning Center (Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, using the emoji card method. The ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's emotions and those of others greatly aids in building relationships and addressing life's challenges. Moreover, awareness of biases and self-emotions supports daily learning processes and enhances students' academic growth. The method employed for this community service was an experimental approach with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The implementation stages included: (1) initial partner condition mapping, (2) introduction and administration of a pretest using a socio-emotional assessment sheet, (3) training using the "Storytelling &amp; Role Play Card Emoji" method, (4) mentoring by volunteer teams and individual counseling sessions, and (5) posttest administration with identical measurements to the pretest. The findings demonstrated that emotional management training significantly improved students' skills in the Quranic Learning Center in Kampung Baru, Malaysia. These results are pivotal as they provide short-term solutions to common student issues and empower them to better adapt to their learning and social environments. Thus, these outcomes contribute to the development of more effective and sustainable community service programs, fostering better personality development in addressing challenges.

The Influence of Financial Literacy, Financial Attitude, and Financial Management on Pension Fund Planning in Sleman Regency

The process of allocating funds to prepare for future life in order to ensure well-being in old age is known as financial planning for retirement. To do that, one must understand the factors that should be taken into account while creating a retirement account. The purpose of this research is to ascertain how financial management, financial attitude, and financial literacy affect Sleman Regency's community retirement fund planning. Convenience sampling was the method of sampling, and up to 100 respondents who lived in Sleman Regency were used. This study employs a quantitative methodology, using primary data gathered via a trustworthy and validated questionnaire. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis as its data analysis strategy. The study's findings demonstrate the beneficial and noteworthy impact that financial management and literacy have on Sleman Regency's community retirement fund planning. Retirement fund planning, however, is unaffected by one's financial outlook. It is suggested that efforts to enhance retirement planning focus on improving financial literacy and management skills through targeted education programs and awareness campaigns.

Educating healthcare workers in snakebite management: A study to determine the effectiveness of the snake bite life support workshop.

Snakebite envenomation is a significant global health issue, with India bearing a substantial burden. Despite the development of guidelines, knowledge gaps and lack of training persist among healthcare workers (HCWs), contributing to high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Snake Bite Life Support (SBLS) workshop on HCWs' knowledge, practices, self-efficacy, and advocacy skills in snakebite management. A pre-post interventional study was conducted during the SBLS workshop at a tertiary care center in May 2024. HCWs' knowledge, practical skills, self-efficacy, and advocacy skills were assessed using standardized questionnaires and a modified General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale, both before and after the workshop. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0, employing paired t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for comparison. Forty-one HCWs completed the pre- and post-workshop assessments. Significant improvements were observed in knowledge, particularly in avoiding false positive 20-min whole blood clotting test (20WBCT) results (p=0.020) and premedication for antivenom (p<0.001). Participants reported a marked increase in self-efficacy across all GSE parameters and demonstrated enhanced advocacy intent in resource management, policy influence, and educational outreach. The workshop influenced practice changes, notably reducing the administration of antivenom in confirmed hump-nosed pit viper bites. The SBLS workshop effectively enhanced HCWs' knowledge, management practices, self-efficacy, and advocacy intentions, emphasizing the need for integrating such training into healthcare education to drive systemic change in snakebite management and improve patient outcomes. Future studies should focus on long-term impacts and broader implementation.

Enhancing Youth Athletes' Self-Efficacy, Mental Skills, Emotional Management, and Rugby-Specific Skills through the SUPER Rugby Program

Enhancing Youth Athletes' Self-Efficacy, Mental Skills, Emotional Management, and Rugby-Specific Skills through the SUPER Rugby Program

Metaverse technologies in acute care medical education: A scoping review.

The concept of the metaverse is a virtual world that immerses users, allowing them to interact with the digital environment. Due to metaverse's utility in collaborative and immersive simulation, it can be advantageous for medical education in high-stakes care settings such as emergency, critical, and acute care. Consequently, there has been a growth in educational metaverse use, which has yet to be characterized alongside other simulation modalities literature. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of all research describing metaverse use in education for emergency, critical, and acute care. We used Arksey and O'Malley's framework with the Levac etal. modifications to conduct a scoping review by searching these five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC, Web of Science, and Education Source). The framework comprises six steps: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant literature; (3) study selection; (4) data extraction; (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting data; and (6) consultation with key informants. Relevant themes and trends were extracted and mapped for reporting. The search yielded 8175 citations, which ultimately led to data extraction from 65 articles. Studies evaluated metaverse programs for the learning and assessment of both technical skills (management of code blue, sepsis, stroke, etc.) and nontechnical skills (e.g., interprofessional collaboration, communication, critical decision making). Barriers to metaverse implementation include technical challenges and difficulty evaluating educational effectiveness. The results of this scoping review highlight the current applications of metaverse as an educational tool, its identified strengths and weaknesses, and further comparison between metaverse and other educational modalities such as high-fidelity simulation. This work provides direction for future primary and secondary research that can aid educational programmers and curriculum planners in maximizing metaverse potential in emergency, critical, and acute medical education.

Do venture capital-driven top management changes enhance corporate innovation in private firms?

Using hand-collected data from Form Ds on executives in venture capital (VC)-backed private firms, I show that VC-driven top management changes lead to a significantly greater quantity and quality of innovation, which potentially occurs through new management teams hiring more and higher quality inventors. My evidence demonstrates that both founder replacements and non-founder management changes are associated with enhanced innovation. Further, adding top managers with general managerial skills enhances innovation, whereas changing managers with a prior technical background does not. Finally, top management changes lead to the adoption of an exploitative (rather than explorative) innovation search strategy by private firms.

Implementation of Cystic Fibrosis Responsibility, Independence, Self-Care, Education Program Enhances Cystic Fibrosis Knowledge in Limited Resource Country: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

CF R.I.S.E is a program that helps people with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF) transition from pediatric to adult care. In 2022, we adapted it to CF S.O.B.E in Turkish during a training session. This project aims to present the results of the CF S.O.B.E program. This study included 81 pwCF aged 16-25, divided into two groups: the standard CF S.O.B.E. group (n = 39) and the modified group (n = 42). The standard group received face-to-face education. Both groups participated in online training sessions and received written materials. The knowledge levels were evaluated with Knowledge Assessment Questionnaires (KAQ). The standard group showed higher post-training scores in "Lung Health and Airway Clearance" and "Equipment Maintenance and Infection Control" (p = 0.014 and 0.002). Modified group showed improvements in all KAQs except "Lung Health and Airway Clearance", "CF-related Liver Disease," "Pancreatic Insufficiency and Nutrition," and "Male Sexual Health." Regarding Pancreatic Insufficiency & Nutrition and CF-related Diabetes, individuals with these conditions demonstrated higher pretest scores than those without these conditions (p = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). Both groups and their parents reported high satisfaction, and healthcare providers endorsed the program's effectiveness. Our study demonstrated the CF S.O.B.E program's success in enhancing knowledge, disease management skills, and self-confidence among pwCF. While the modified CF S.O.B.E program may be suitable for resource-limited centers, the priority should be to implement the standard program due to its superior outcomes in self-confidence and disease management. This study lays the foundation for incorporating CF S.O.B.E as a standard practice and evaluating its long-term clinical impact.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LECTURERS MANAGERIAL SKILLS ON ONLINE TEST AND EXAMINATION OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN NORTH CENTRAL STATES UNIVERSITIES, NIGERIA

The study investigated the relationship between lecturers’ managerial skills on online test and examination of undergraduate students’ in north central states universities, Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study employed a survey research design. The sample size of the study comprises of 400 respondents, 70 are lecturers and 330 are students that sat for CBT-Online tests/examination 2023/2024 academic season. The researchers developed online instrument for data collection entitled “Google Form Questionnaire for Lectures and Students (GFQLS) anchored on four-points rating scale. The GFQLS was validates and pilot tested which yielded 0.82 validity index and 0.83 reliability index. Mean and standard deviation was used to answered research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between lecturers' managerial skills and the effectiveness of online tests and examinations, and there is a significant relationship between male and female undergraduate students toward online assessments. it concludes by highlights the importance of lecturers' managerial skills in online tests' effectiveness, highlighting gender differences in attitudes and performance, highlighting the need for tailored approaches. It was recommended that regular training programs and workshops can enhance lecturers' online test administration skills, ensuring smoother processes. Universities should also adopt assessment techniques that cater to diverse student needs, including gender-based studies and equal access to online resources.

ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS FOR INDUSTRIAL WORKERS’ PRODUCTIVITY IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

his study examined the differences between the responses of Public and Private Industries on Entrepreneurial skills required for industrial workers’ productivity in Nasarawa State. Specifically, the study examined the difference between the responses of public and private industries on planning skills, marketing skills and management skills on the Industrial Workers Productivity in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The population of this study consists of 850 Industrial workers in the five public and private industries in Nasarawa State. The sample of this study consists of 85 industrial workers drawn from the two public and three private industries in Nasarawa State, representing 10% of the total population. The results of the analysis revealed that there is no significant difference between workers of the public and private industries. On planning skills for industrial worker’s productivity. Findings also revealed that there is significant difference between the public and private on marketing skills and management skills for workers’ productivity in Nasarawa State. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that managers in public and private industries should include activities that will enhance planning skills, marketing skills and management skills of workers to improve their productivity.

Leadership and management skills for student nurses: a scoping review

BackgroundExisting literature has emphasized the importance of certain skills vital for student nurses as they prepare for leadership and management roles before becoming registered nurses. This review aims to provide a more comprehensive insight into the essential leadership and management skills identified in previous research. The current study seeks to explore the leadership and management skills necessary to prepare student nurses for their roles in clinical settings.MethodsFollowing PRISMA-ScR guidelines, studies published in English were retrieved by searching PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords ‘student nurse’, ‘leadership skills’, and ‘management skills’. After conducting a one-month literature review using the selected keywords in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar, we identified 394 citations. From these, fifteen articles were chosen for inclusion in the review. Selected studies primarily involved undergraduate and postgraduate student nurses from various countries.ResultsThematic analysis highlighted that communication skills are crucial for student nurses to become effective clinical leaders, leveraging their educational experiences. Mentorship plays a pivotal role in developing leadership and management skills. Workshops, training, and simulations are also recognized as important in preparing students for these roles. Moreover, self-awareness and understanding of personal skills were identified as critical for building confidence, fostering reflection, strategic planning, and making sound decisions. The literature also underscores the significance of resource management, conflict resolution, risk assessment, and prioritization skills for student nurses.ConclusionThe articles emphasize the importance of student nurses recognizing leadership and management skills before entering clinical practice. However, while various assessment tools and workshops exist to train these skills, the studies suggest that more time and resources are needed to effectively address students’ learning needs.

Low enrolment in health personnel education program for tutors in health training institutions in Tanzania: Case of seven selected health training institutions

Background: Centre for Educational Development in Health Arusha was established in 1983 by Ministry of Health, aimed at strengthening and support the health care system through provision of health personnel education (HPE) program for tutors in Health Training Institutions (HTIs). CEDHA has capacity to enroll and accommodate 40 HPE program trainees per year. But in the past five (5) academic years, enrollment of HTI tutors in HPE program decreased critically to 3(7.5%) in 2022/2023 academic year Methods: This cross-sectional study employed quantitative methods for data collection conducted between November 2022 and July 2023 in seven (7) purposively selected public and private Health Training Institutions (HTIs). Results: We recruited 57 HTIs stakeholders (7 HTIs employers and 50 HTIs tutors) in the study, 39(68%) of the stakeholders had bachelor degree and 25(44%) had 1-4 years’ experience in teaching. 33(58%) of the respondents had not attended short or long course in teaching methodology. Most 44(93%) of stakeholders had low to moderate knowledge on HPE program offered at CEDHA while 49(86%) showed features of positive attitude toward studying the HPE program. Eight (8) short courses related to HPE program are offered in three (3) HTIs. Only teaching methodology short course was active in all three (3) institutions. Management of Health Training Institution and Instructional Assessment Skills were active only at CEDHA. This study could not establish type of recognition for HPE program graduates at their work stations as no one was found in the selected HTIs. Tuition fees, meal and accommodation were outlined more frequently as type of support needed by tutor willing to study HPE program. Conclusions: This study indicated that low awareness, positive attitude to HPE program, lack of recognition, availability of long or short courses related to HPE program and lack of support may be contributing factors to low enrolment in HPE program. There is a need for marketing the HPE program to HTI stakeholders and to offer support to tutors willing to pursue HPE program

The Impact of Blockchain Technology and Big Data on Strategic Cost Management and Accountants' Skills in the Iraqi Technological Environment

The Impact of Blockchain Technology and Big Data on Strategic Cost Management and Accountants' Skills in the Iraqi Technological Environment

Network automation in multi-cloud environments: Current state, challenges and future prospects

The article examines the evolution and implementation of network automation in multi-cloud environments, addressing the growing complexity of managing network infrastructure across different cloud service providers. The article explores how organizations leverage automation solutions to enhance operational efficiency, reduce configuration errors, and maintain consistent security standards. The article reveals significant improvements in resource utilization, compliance adherence, and operational cost reduction by analyzing current technologies, including Infrastructure as Code, API-driven automation, and advanced monitoring solutions. The article also investigates technical challenges, including management complexity, standardization issues, and skill requirements, while exploring future developments in unified management platforms, AI integration, service mesh architectures, and zero trust implementation.

P-973. Pediatric Infectious Diseases rotation for general pediatric residents in Washington DC: impact, benefits and pitfalls

Abstract Background Although infectious diseases present significant challenges in pediatric care, formal training in pediatric infectious diseases is not mandated in categorical pediatric residency training. This research seeks to examine the self-assessed confidence levels of general pediatric residents in Washington DC in managing common infectious diseases. The study specifically compares the confidence levels of residents who have undergone elective infectious diseases training with those who have not. Subjective Confidence in the Management of Common Infectious Diseases Encounters Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using voluntary surveys distributed among pediatric residents from various programs in Washington DC. The surveys aimed to assess subjective confidence levels in managing common infectious disease conditions and to explore motivation to pursue infectious disease training. Effect of infectious diseases elective rotation on interest in infectious diseases as a career. Are you more or less likely to pursue infectious diseases fellowship? Results Analysis of 20 completed surveys revealed that residents who completed infectious diseases rotations demonstrated significantly higher confidence levels in managing infectious disease conditions compared to their counterparts (P: &amp;lt; 0.001). Notably, residents with specialized training showed increased confidence in antibiotic selection and in their diagnostic abilities. Additionally, they exhibited enhanced confidence in managing specific presentations such as sexually transmitted diseases, fever of unknown origin, and central nervous system infections (all with P &amp;lt; 0.05). Finally, 22% of respondents expressed an increased likelihood of pursuing a career in infectious diseases following their rotation. Effect of infectious diseases rotation on the confidence in the management of inpatient and outpatient infectious diseases encounters Conclusion These findings underscore the potential benefits of incorporating infectious diseases rotations into pediatric residency programs, as evidenced by improved skills in antibiotic selection, diagnosis, and management of specific infectious disease scenarios. Additionally, the observed increased interest in pursuing a career in infectious diseases among a subset of residents highlights the positive impact of such training on career trajectory and specialty choice. Investigators plan to distribute the questionnaire more broadly across the US to see if these results are more widespread. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Unveiling the Entrepreneurial Journey: Lived Experiences of Filipino Women Entrepreneurs

Women entrepreneurs play a crucial role in driving economic growth and innovation. This study explored the lived experiences of Filipino entrepreneurs, specifically, determined their experience, identified the challenges they faced, and proposed relevant follow-up extension activities. A phenomenological design using a qualitative approach was employed. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with three recipients of the livelihood package provided by the college. The findings revealed that the entrepreneurs' experiences significantly impacted their personal, social, and economic lives, and they encountered various challenges in their businesses. The study suggested the need for appropriate follow-up extension activities to help recipients overcome these barriers. Key recommendations include conducting seminars, workshops, or training programs to equip entrepreneurs with new knowledge and skills for effective business management; seeking sponsorship from the Local Government Unit for extension service programs to support entrepreneurs in addressing personal, social, and economic challenges; implementing monthly observations and evaluations by the college’s Extension Services office to ensure the sustainability of extension service projects; and encouraging future research to further investigate other entrepreneurial experiences that may impact business success.

Selection and Timing Skill in Bond Mutual Fund Returns: Evidence from Bootstrap Simulations

We show that U.S. open-end actively managed domestic bond mutual fund managers possess selection and short-term timing skills based on monthly returns from 1999 to 2016. Parametric tests bias against finding evidence of manager skill, and correction for precision of alpha matters most when true alpha is uncertain. Our bootstrap simulations use precision-adjusted alpha (t(α)) controlling for luck without relying on parametric statistics. We find: the top 50 percent of bond mutual fund managers generate positive precision-adjusted alpha net of expense; selection skill contributes to long-term fund performance; and timing skill adds to short-term fund results, especially for government bond funds compared to corporate bond funds.